Regional Economic Activity Research Articles

Incorporating short data into large mixed-frequency vector autoregressions for regional nowcasting

Abstract Interest in regional economic issues coupled with advances in administrative data is driving the creation of new regional economic data. Many of these data series could be useful for nowcasting regional economic activity, but they suffer from a short (albeit constantly expanding) time series which makes incorporating them into nowcasting models problematic. Regional nowcasting is already challenging because the release delay on regional data tends to be greater than that at the national level, and ‘short’ data imply a ‘ragged edge’ at both the beginning and the end of regional data sets, which adds a further complication. In this paper, via an application to the UK, we investigate various ways of including a wide range of short data into a regional mixed-frequency vector autoregression (MF-VAR) model. These short data include hitherto unexploited regional value-added tax turnover data. We address the problem of the two ragged edges by estimating regional factors using different missing data algorithms that we then incorporate into our MF-VAR model. We find that nowcasts of regional output growth are generally improved when we condition them on the factors, but only when the regional nowcasts are produced before the national (UK-wide) output growth data are published.

Legal regulations of electronic commerce under the conditions of the development of the digital economy in Ukraine

The article highlights the main legal principles of e-commerce regulation in the context of the development of the digital economy in Ukraine. On the basis of scientific and legal analysis, the peculiarities of electronic commerce as one of the forms of economic activity that arose in the conditions of the digital economy are determined. It is substantiated that e-commerce is the type of electronic business, which involves the sale of goods or services, as well as related processes, remotely using information and communication technologies.
 The main scientific approaches to understanding the content of electronic commerce and its elements are characterized. The advantages of e-commerce in comparison with other forms of economic activity are outlined. It has been proven that an important condition for the functioning of electronic commerce is the presence of payment systems that allow making payments on the Internet or in another remote way.
 A review of statistical data regarding the current state of development of e-commerce in Ukraine was conducted and conclusions were drawn about further directions for the development of this form of economic activity.
 Acts of national legislation in the field of electronic commerce regulation are characterized. The main elements of legal relations arising in the field of e-commerce, which are regulated by law, and those for which there is no legal regulation are defined. The authors identified gaps in legal regulation in the field of e-commerce at the current stage of development of the digital economy. Among them: 1) unsettled issues regarding the protection of consumer rights from false advertising information contained on websites or electronic advertisements, as well as from unsolicited advertising sent via e-mail or other means of electronic communication; 2) uncertainty of all important terms of the electronic contract, which must be necessarily included in its content; 3) insufficient legal regulation of information protection, including personal data of consumers, which become known to the economic entity in connection with the implementation of economic activities in the field of e-commerce.
 On the basis of the conducted scientific and legal analysis, the authors have developed proposals for improvement of domestic legislation in the sphere of regulation of economic activity in the sphere of electronic commerce. The prospects for the development of economic and legal relations in the field of electronic commerce in the modern conditions of the functioning of the digital economy are determined.

CLASSIFICATION OF SETTLEMENTS BY ECONOMIC POTENTIALS IN THE SOUTHERN REGION OF NIGER STATE: A LOCATION QUOTIENT APPROACH

Regional economic activities and developments are measured through various techniques where Location Quotient (LQ) is one of the most reliable techniques. This paper classifies the settlements by economic potentials in the southern region of Niger state using the LQ. A structured questionnaire was administered to 1.040 in the 37 rural communities selected from 37 districts in 8 LGAs in the Niger South Federal constituency in Niger State. The data collected was analysed using LQ. Findings of the study in terms of economic potentials of the region, reveals that communities are mainly engaged in basic economic activities; including the cultivation of food crops (rice, maize, beans, millet and yam); cultivation of cash crops (benisead, ground nut, vegetable, cassava and melon), plantation agriculture (palm, kola nut, cashew and sugar cane). Findings in terms of basic economy revealed that Egbako has the highest LQ with an average score of 0.06, and is closely followed by Takuma, Batako, Kusoyaba, Mukugi and Kalmo, with an average LQ score of 0.04 each, while in terms of non-basic economy, the findings indicates that both Egbako and Kuchita have the highest non-basic LQ with an average score of 0.07, which were closely followed by Katcha, Mukugi and Gayankpa settlements with non-basic economic LQ and average scores of 0.04 each. The study concludes that LQ is one of the best techniques in measuring economic potentials of regions. It also recommends LQ for regional economic assessments.

Setting local economic growth targets: does it mitigate nationwide policy uncertainty?

ABSTRACT Institutional theory holds that local governance is essential in shaping regional economic activity. This study evaluates whether local economic growth targets offset the detrimental effect of nationwide policy uncertainty on local business performance. Regression analyses of data from industrial firms and manually collected data on city economic growth targets in China show that higher local growth targets result in greater corporate investment, conditional on nationwide policy uncertainty, and that the impact is substantial through financial subsidies and allocating credit resources. However, local discretion in economic growth target setting might cause investment misallocation and efficiency loss.

Scheme simulation and predictive analysis of water environment carrying capacity in Shanxi Province based on system dynamics and DPSIR model

A key influence factor of sustainable regional development is the water environment carrying capacity (WECC), which is a prerequisite for ecological security and harmonious regional development. Utilizing the benefits of the dynamic analysis of system dynamics (SD) and the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework system, we constructed a water environment carrying capacity-system dynamics (WECC-SD) model and evaluation index system for Shanxi Province. Five possible future development schemes were designed to predict the changes in WECC from 2020 to 2030. Further, we analyzed the system coordination with the coupling coordination degree model. The results manifest that the comprehensive ranking of WECC under different schemes is: comprehensive scheme > water environment protection scheme > water conservation scheme > status quo scheme > economic development scheme. The economic development scheme performs the worst in WECC and coupling coordination performance, the water conservation and water environment protection schemes can both improve WECC to varying degrees but promote coordinated system development to a very limited extent, the comprehensive scheme can significantly improve WECC and system coordination and is the best strategy to realize the coordinated and steady development of regional economic activities and the water environment. In future development, economic development should be moderated on the premise that the quality of the water environment will gradually enhance and the consumption of water resources will continue to decline, so that a benign relationship between population – economy – water resources – water environment can be created and a steady increase in the level of coordinated regional development can be promoted. The study reveals complex impact relationships within the WECC system and informs the development of future regional planning and environmental policy.

Registro empresarial: Política de desenvolvimento econômico e adaptação institucional

The Federal Constitution of 1988 raised private business activity as an indispensable element for achieving the primacy established by the economic and social order. In turn, the participation of the State in the economy, especially through the legal regulation of economic activity, gained new contours from the middle of the first quarter of the 20th century, so that a market economy system averse to state regulation is no longer conceived. In this conformation, the analysis of the business register – a necessary act for the regular and formal exercise of business activity by the private agent - is proposed as a mechanism to induce development and, therefore, able to integrate the political agenda of the Brazilian State, through the tool of institutional adaptation. The article uses the deductive method to conclude that business register must be an element of attraction and encouragement to the private agent, and not an entry barrier to entrepreneurship. Through the institutional adaptation policy, the rules of business registration also need to reflect the State’s commitment to create conditions for the free exercise of business activity, since it is determinant to the country’s economic and social development, as indicated by the recent legislative changes promoted, like the Law 13.874/2019 – Economic Freedom Act – and Law 14.195/2021 – Business Environment Law.

Legal regulation of economic activity in conditions of digitalization

The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the created system of legal regulation of the digital economy should ensure the competitiveness of the Ukrainian jurisdiction as an institutional environment for innovative business, which should be expressed in the growth of investments in sectors related to the use of digital technologies, higher than in countries with economic output and social parameters. Such growth will be an indicator of the success of measures to form a system of legal regulation of the digital economy and an indicator of the effectiveness of this system. As a result of an insufficiently developed legal theory in the specified area, the aging of the existing models of legal regulation of economic relations, formed even for the legal support of entrepreneurial activity in the conditions of the traditional economy, taking into account the unprecedented changes in technologies and competition in the markets in recent decades - and especially how The Internet has contributed to convergence within the framework of the digital economy - the argument seems convincing that state policy and legal norms regulating the system of digital services in the field of economic activity require careful analysis and modernization to ensure the relevance of their provisions. The purpose of the research is to analyze the most common digital technologies used in the implementation of economic activities. General and special research methods were used during the research. The result of the study was the argumentation of the position that digital technologies had a significant impact on society and the economy, caused the expansion of rights and opportunities of each person, transformation of products and industries, caused the emergence of new development goals and tasks for the state and private business. The conclusion of the study was the substantiation of the proposition that, for the successful implementation of the digitalization policy, the state should actively cooperate with the business community, encouraging its initiatives, and since the institute of social entrepreneurship is currently actively being formed in our country and many business entities could combine the activities of developing digital technologies with the achievement of socially useful goals.

On the Issue of the Place of State Support of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Economic Law System of Ukraine

Problem setting. In Ukraine, state support for small businesses was introduced in 2000. Currently, the mechanism of state support of economic entities is regulated by a number of acts of national legislation. However, the place of the legal institution of state support in the system of economic law, its relationship with state aid, the criteria for the admissibility of state aid in the context of the unification of national legislation with EU legislation continue to remain debatable in the science of economic law. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Economic and legal problems of small and medium-sized enterprises and their state support were studied by many domestic and foreign scientists. Only recently, these issues were considered in the collective monograph of the Research Institute of Legal Support of Innovative Development of the National Academy of Sciences, the monograph of D.S. Korytin, who studied the legal regulation of the economic activity of small and medium-sized enterprises, the dissertations of Feofanova I.M., who considered the economic and legal aspect of the admissibility of state aid and Petrova N.O., who studied the administrative and legal principles of monitoring state aid sub economic entities in Ukraine. Purpose of the research is to determine the place of the institute of state support of small and medium-sized enterprises in the system of economic law of Ukraine. Аrticle’s main body. Small and medium-sized enterprises play a significant role in the world economy. However, the operating conditions of small and medium-sized enterprises in Ukraine are difficult. Obstacles are the imperfection and burdensomeness of the taxation system, the presence of administrative obstacles, unsettled issues of financing and lending, low level of state financial support, underdeveloped infrastructure supporting entrepreneurship, etc. Currently, to these reasons added the negative consequences of Russia’s full-scale aggression. Such an effective tool as state support helps small and medium-sized enterprises overcome the consequences of the war and develop their activities in the post-war period. Therefore, strengthening the state support for small and mediumsized enterprises and improving the mechanism of its provision is an extremely urgent issue for our state The activity of small and medium-sized enterprises is very important for the economy of Ukraine. In wartime, their effective activity contributes to increasing budget revenues and reducing unemployment, and in the post-war period should become the very lever that will accelerate the growth of the economy and the reconstruction of the country. However, the Economic Code of Ukraine contains regulations on state support and protection of all economic entities. and support of small and medium-sized enterprises is not the state’s priorities Conclusions and prospects for the development Small and medium-sized enterprises play a significant role in the economy of Ukraine. In wartime, their effective activity contributes to the increase of revenues to the budget and the reduction of unemployment, and in the postwar period, it should become the very lever that will accelerate the growth of the economy and the reconstruction of the country. On the other hand, the priority of state policy regarding the support and development of small and medium-sized enterprises is not fixed in the Economic Code of Ukraine, which needs to be corrected. The list of means of state regulation of economic activity contained in Article 12 of the Economic Code of Ukraine should be supplemented by such an institution of economic law as state support for small and medium-sized enterprises.

STRATEGIC GOALS OF THE STATE REGULATION OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EUROPEAN VECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT

The article is devoted to the study of strategic goals of state regulation of foreign economic activity of industrial enterprises in Ukraine in the conditions of European integration. In the future, Ukraine will be part of a single market with more than 450 million consumers, which will create opportunities for industrial enterprises to expand their foreign economic activity and increase their export potential. The purpose of the article is to formulate strategic objectives of state regulation of foreign economic activity of industrial enterprises in Ukraine in the context of the European development vector. This article examines the role of state regulation in ensuring effective foreign economic activity of Ukrainian industrial enterprises and identifies strategic goals to be achieved in this process. In addition, the article analyses the main challenges and obstacles hindering the achievement of these goals and suggests ways to overcome them. Methodology: scientific research uses general and specific scientific methods, including the method of analysis and synthesis, the descriptive-analytical method, the systems approach, the method of systematisation, the graphical method and the method of comparison. Results. Nowadays, effective regulation of foreign economic activity of industrial enterprises is one of the most important factors of economic growth of Ukraine. Many studies have been devoted to the development of mechanisms of state regulation of foreign economic activity, but some aspects are still overlooked by scientists. The practical implications of Ukraine's integration into the European Union are a crucial step for the development of the economy. The European Union is Ukraine's most important trading partner. Thanks to this integration, Ukrainian producers have gained easier access to one of the largest markets in the world – the European Union market. When Ukraine becomes a full member of the European Union and is fully integrated into the single market, it will create more jobs and increase salaries by exporting high-quality products to European Union countries. Ukraine is a reliable partner of the European Union and is working towards membership. This process is not fast, but Ukraine is fulfilling the Association Agreement with the European Union, adopting necessary laws and carrying out reforms for the development of Ukraine. This will help transform Ukraine into a developed country with a high standard of living. The search for new and effective mechanisms for organising foreign economic activity and preserving export potential is extremely important for Ukraine, taking into account the European vector of development in the conditions of a state of war. The article argues for a timely study of the problem of formation of a mechanism of modern regulation of foreign economic activity of industrial enterprises, taking into account the impact of the external environment. It presents a number of administrative, economic and legal methods, as well as a periodisation of the formation and development of legislation in Ukraine on foreign economic activity. It also examines the process of foreign economic activity regulation, which refers to a system of measures capable of combining direct legislative regulation of export and import activities of enterprises with economic levers aimed at protecting and improving the structure of the domestic market. The Association Agreement signed between Ukraine and the European Union shows that Ukraine has opted for the European model of socio-economic development.

PROBLEMS OF MODERNIZATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT GLOBAL ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

In the article the problems of modernization of the structure of the national economy in modern conditions and ways of their solution are considered. The aim was to find the ways how to improve the process of modernization of the structure of the national economy, taking into account the world economic situation. The object of the article is the process of technological modernization of the structure of the national economy of Azerbaijan. The subject of the study are theoretical, methodological and applied aspects of creation of components for technological modernization of the national economy of the country. To this end, the issues of improving the modernization of the structure of the national economy, taking into account the global economic situation and the expansion of the activities of sectors of the economy, which are characterized by the creation of competitive added value, have been studied more optimally. It is important to improve the structure of the national economy in a more optimal and efficient way, to identify methods of solving problems related to modernization and to ensure their adaptability to the system of mechanisms of the national economy. In this connection, it is necessary to define the goals, objectives and tasks in the most optimal way. To this end, based on objective realities, the analysis of economic development processes took into account the reconstruction of the processing sector, the formation of production capacities, an increase in the economic activity of regions, the development of industrial infrastructure, a significant reduction and acceleration of the country's dependence on oil. In general, the article focuses on the inclusion of modernization of economic development as a priority. The article gives recommendations on the considered problems, makes suggestions and forms scientific and practical views, gives the author's position on the problems of modernization of the structure of the national economy: the efficient use of the potential of the oil and gas industry, which is the main leading sector of the national economy, should be ensured, first of all, to ensure the intensive development of the non-oil sector. Results. The competitiveness of the country's economy should be increased year by year, the business environment should be improved, the development of business and entrepreneurship in the "public-private-societal" triangle, the national economic development model should be designed in the context of global economic challenges. Strategic development and action programs should be adopted to ensure that the level is interesting and effective. Modernized competitive economic activities should be actively integrated into the structure of the country's economy, the network of manufacturing enterprises should be expanded, export potential should be increased by organizing import-substituting activities, and sources of foreign exchange should be diversified. In general, it is important to comprehensively and systematically implement key measures to strengthen the competitiveness of the national economy and its resilience to global economic threats in order to ensure the sustainability of its sources of growth.

PECULIARITIES OF STATE POLICY FORMATION IN THE FIELD OF SPECIAL REGIMES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

The main purpose is to consider the national experience of changing the specifics of economic activity, the main approaches to the legal regulation of relations in the sphere of economic activity are highlighted in historical retrospect. The article is devoted to the analysis of the procedure of formation and development of the mechanism of state regulation of economic activity in special conditions (preferential principles of economic activity, restrictions on economic activity and mixed legal regimes). Research methodology. Special attention is paid to the possibility of applying the method of legal modeling and introducing a special regime of management in the conditions of martial law. It is emphasized that most countries of the world, including Ukraine, are not ready for "war" and "post-war" economy. There is no adequate economic and legal basis for creating appropriate conditions for economic activity. Important aspects of legal regulation of special economic regimes have been studied. The basic legal documents regulating the principles of state policy in the sphere of economy were analyzed. Different stages of economic development of the country are highlighted. The legal basis of economic activity in the conditions of the martial law regime was studied. The main means of stabilization of the economic system of Ukraine are also indicated. Conclusions. The current stage of development of the Ukrainian economy is characterized by a period of profound transformation of approaches to economic activity. The problem of introducing a system of legal regulation of economic relations is quite acute in the conditions of the urgent need to "restart" the national economic system of Ukraine. It is obvious that there is a need to create effective mechanisms for regulating the creation and functioning of special regimes of economic activity in the context of anti-crisis regulation. Practical implications. Since today there is an urgent need to update the legislation, joint legal and economic research will contribute to the modernization of legislation in this area. Value/originality. The conducted research allows to determine the basic directions of modernization of the system of legal regulation of economic activity.

Maritime connectivity, transport infrastructure expansion and economic growth: A global perspective

Improving transport connectivity has become increasingly significant to international trade research and transport policy agendas. Little has been done so far to investigate the direct association between maritime connectivity and economic growth, let alone the exact effect magnitude. As the connection between ports, local economies, and global logistics networks becomes ever closer, the economic role of port connectivity deserves closer attention. This paper uses the Panama Canal expansion as a quasi-natural experiment, and proposes a dynamic difference-in-differences (DID) method for making causal inferences about the impact of port connectivity on regional economic growth. This study leverages data mining of multiple sources of satellite data to provide innovative measures of ship movement, port area, and economic activity. We construct an index based on the global shipping network data from the Automatic Identification System (AIS) to measure the extent to which the ports are exposed to the canal expansion. This allows careful handling of the endogeneity problem. Change in the port area is used as a proxy for port capacity expansion, and is identified via satellite imaging. Night light data provide a measure of regional economic activity around the ports, and of the effect of port connectivity on regional economic growth. Our findings suggest that improvements in port connectivity have a significant and fairly durable stimulating effect on regional economic growth, and that port infrastructure expansion is one potential channel for realizing this effect.

Study of the Transit Oriented Development (Tod) Area of Jaticempaka, Pondok Gede District, Bekasi City

The City of Bekasi has a population of 2.5 million people in 2020 making the City of Bekasi dense, so it is necessary to improve the spatial planning system, including the modal transportation planning system.Along with the development of the Greater Jakarta area which was influenced by developments in Jakarta in the surrounding cities. With the existence of a National Strategy Project in Bekasi City such as DDT (Double-double Track) and LRT (Light Rail Transit) which have the potential to become a TOD (Transit Oriented Development) area.With the construction of the LRT station and the existence of the Jaticempaka TOD location which is directly adjacent to DKI Jakarta, the direction of economic activity development in the future has a tendency to develop regional and city scale economic activity functions, so that the development direction of the Jaticempaka TOD has a tendency to be developed into a large-scale TOD. sub-central services.Thus, the community can increase their choice of public transportation modes and facilitate access to destinations, as well as accommodate the needs of the community to pursue a cycle of activities within and outside the City of Bekasi. The purpose of the activity is to prepare a Study on the Study of the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Area of ​​Jaticempaka, Pondok Gede District, Bekasi City.

Formation of Market Foundations of Health Care Organization in Ukraine (Commercial Legal Aspect)

In the article were analyzed the state and prospects of further medical reform in Ukraine. The authors set themselves the goal of conducting a study of the essence of health care reform, and during this process advantages and disadvantages of implemented changes in this area were characterized. The importance of this study lies in the fact that human health and life are recognized at the constitutional level as the highest price, and therefore their protection requires special attention from the state. Promoting the development of health care system improve the quality of life of the population, which in the future will have a positive effect on the economic development of the country. Four main directions of the reform were developed in the work, such as improving the quality of medical services, optimizing the financing of the health care system, improving the management system, and changes in the pharmaceutical sector. An important achievement of the reform is the introduction of the medical services market, which has its own specific features and base on the principle of free competition and financial transparency. The article focuses on the legal regulation of public relations in the field of health care. Legislative provision of this is considered from the point of view of creating a competitive market for medical services, which is opposed to the administrative model of ensuring citizens' health care. The institutional nature of the organization of such market with relevant entities providing services competing with each other is emphasized; medical service in its commodity-value aspect; introduction of the principle of consumer choice of medical service and the entity that provides it; creation of a special state agency that pays the cost of the provided medical service to the relevant subject of medical activity for the benefit of the beneficiary-consumer, who chose this particular subject. Accordingly, the driving force of the market is recognized the actual medical economic activity. Taking into account the above, the article, based on the analysis of the relevant legal acts, concludes that relations in the field of health care have been transformed in the direction of the economic and legal nature of their regulation. This is evidenced by the use of stable constructions of economic law, namely: economic activity; non-commercial management; communal non-commercial enterprise; state regulation of economic activity; subject of organizational and economic powers, etc. The continuation of scientific researches on this issue will contribute to the further development of the national health sector, including by improving the public management of this component of the national economy.

The Analysis of Economic Sector Potential in Surabaya using Location Quotient, Shift Share, and Klassen Typology in 2015-2019

Economic development in an area requires encouragement between the local government and the community to grow regional economic activities by managing existing resources, establishing relationships between government and private agencies, and encouraging development related to regional economic activities. The development of a region cannot be separated from national development because regional governments and local communities need coordination to utilize, create, develop, and produce existing resources. This study aimed to describe the potential of the economic sector in Surabaya in the period of 2015-2019. This research uses secondary data for five years in the 2015-2019 period. The analytical method used analyzes location quotient, shift share, and Klassen typology. The results of the study revealed that five sectors were included in quadrant I, and two sectors were included in quadrant IV. In conclusion, Surabaya has fifteen economic sectors that drive economic progress, ten sectors grow relatively fast, nine industries have outstanding location advantages, and five sectors belong to quadrant I. This research is used as a reference in making policies related to economic progress in Surabaya, which impacts increasing employment and per capita income.

Industrial Embeddedness and Regional Economic Resistance in Europe

We study the role of local industrial embeddedness (the share of regional interindustry economic activity that is anchored to a region) on regional resistance (the difference between pre- and postcrisis employment) to the 2008 Great Recession (GR) in EU and UK NUTS-2 regions. The recession had profound effects in regional economies, which showed diverse performance based on their capacity to absorb the shock. The concept of economic resilience has been brought to the center of attention with several contributions exploring its determinants. However, the impact of the embeddedness of local economic systems in terms of sales and supplies has been largely unexplored. We use regional input–output tables to approximate the embeddedness of local economies, and we use fixed-effects and quantile regressions to test its relationship to regional resistance between 2008 and 2011. We find that during the GR, regional industries opted to change input rather than output markets. Additionally, embeddedness has a curvilinear relationship to regional resistance that varies across the distribution of regional resistance performance. Finally, at the industry level, we find regional embeddedness to be important to the resistance of manufacturing and financial and business services, and sectoral embeddedness to matter more for the resistance of construction and wholesale, retail, and information technology. Our findings highlight nuances that policy makers should be aware of in planning for resilience.

Биомная дифференциация российской Арктики

The article discusses various aspects of the biome division of the Russian Arctic and its significance for assessing climatic and anthropogenic changes in ecosystems. Different authors base the biome differentiation of the Arctic on the zonal-provincial principle, which takes into account the latitudinal temperature gradient and the meridional gradient of the continentality of the climate. As a result, from 6 to 20 or more biomes are allocated directly for the Russian Arctic to assess conveniently biodiversity, the response of ecosystems to climate change, to form a representative network of protected natural areas, etc. To characterize the climate and biodiversity, the authors use the schemes of biome division of the Russian Arctic, presented on the existing versions of maps of Russian biomes [10; 18]. They give quantitative characteristics of biomes that are important in relation to the regulation of economic activity and optimization of the territorial protection of biota and ecosystems in the Arctic.

Resources and regulation of resource conservation at various stages of the object's life cycle

The relevance of research. At present, the system of regulation of economic activity in Russia belongs to the mobilization type. Among the economic tasks of the mobilization period, one can single out the task of building new external and internal economic contours of the interaction between production, consumption and investment. Among the new economic phenomena of the current period, it should be noted the growing role of resource conservation in the context of maximizing the involvement of internal reserves in the economic turnover. Sustainable and at the same time progressive development of an enterprise of any form of ownership and type of economic activity is associated with effective decisions on the use of resources. In general, the strategic and current management of enterprise resources is the area of competence of the quality management system, one of the functions of which is resource management. An integral element of a comprehensive quality institution is standardization as an open, dynamic and adaptive system. On the territory of the Russian Federation, the problem of resource saving in the construction process is of particular relevance, since most of the country's territory is located in areas with a harsh climate, which requires an increased volume of resource consumption, in particular, those related to the thermal protection of objects. The purpose of the work is to identify the essence of the concepts of "resources" and "resource saving" and to summarize recommendations for organizing the handling of biosphere and technosphere resources in the "design-construction-operation" system. The object of the study is the national standards of the Russian Federation, federal laws and by-laws that regulate the process of resource saving at all stages of the creation of construction products. The subject of the study is design and construction activities carried out according to the criteria of energy saving and material saving in accordance with the environmental policy and guidelines. Research result. The authors present a classification of national resources in the concept of resource saving. The potential resources of enterprises as part of the external and internal circuits are considered as the basis for the study of resource saving. The authors of the article also developed a Matrix of standards governing resource saving at the stages of the life cycle of the creation and operation of an industrial/residential facility

Place-based public investment in regional infrastructure, the locational choice of firms and regional performance: the case of India

ABSTRACT We discuss conceptual reasons for and propose public investment in regional infrastructure as a hybrid form of a place-based regional industrial policy aiming to foster the regional economic activity of lagging regions. We present and empirically test a baseline model using data for 14 Indian regions/states over a period of 39 years. Our results show that place-based regional infrastructure investments, particularly in electricity-generating capacity and width-adjusted length of national highways, positively impact the relative number of firms operating in a region and help foster its economic performance.

Sustainable Regional Economic Development by Developing Villages

This paper aims to analyze the relationships between village (desa) and regional economic activities. The government of Indonesia introduces the concept of building Indonesia from the periphery. The government put more effort into strengthening regions and villages within the framework of a unitary state. We estimate the relationships between village resources, village development, and economic growth controlled by capital and the size of the municipalities. All 434 municipalities receiving village funds from 2019 to 2021 are included in this study, grouped by the main islands of Indonesia. We use panel methods with various approaches such as Common Effects Model (CEM), Fixed Effects Model (FEM), Random Effects Model (REM), and Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) to estimate the relationships. Village development contributes to local economic activities in two ways. The resource available for the village will improve economic activities, while the level of development might have different behavior. In the beginning, increasing the level of village development improves economic growth. However, in Jawa and Bali islands, at the higher level of village development, the growth might be slower. The result implies that government may put more effort into developing villages to improve economic development. To improve regional economic growth, putting more resources into the village might be beneficial. The objective of the development may differ for villages with different levels of the index. Higher growth should be targeted for villages with a lower level of developing index. On the other hand, villages with a higher level of index might be more advantageous to have social and ecological objectives. Sustainable regional economic development might be achieved by developing villages. The results provide positive views on the concept of building Indonesia from the periphery.