Ecological Restoration Studies Research Articles

Use of the trait-based approach in ecological restoration studies: a global review

Use of the trait-based approach in ecological restoration studies: a global review

Asola Bhatti wildlife sanctuary-A case study of ecological restoration

The Aravalli range is one of the oldest mountain systems of the world. It is a 560 km range, starting from a location near Delhi, passing through Southern Haryana, Rajasthan and ending in Gujarat. It has a unique biodiversity. In the last two to three decades, there has been a destruction of natural habitats and ecosystems due to the development of bursting infrastructure and hence, an urgent need for ecological restoration. Studies indicate that 40% of our country needs ecological restoration. The Asola Wildlife Sanctuary zone covers 32.71km2 area on the southern Delhi Ridge of Aravalli hills, on the Delhi-Haryana border. Asola Wildlife Sanctuary was legally given protected status in 1986. On world environment day, June 5, 2021, UN declared 2021-2030 a decade on Ecosystem Restoration. The Bonn challenge is a global challenge to restore landscape, launched in 2011 by the Government of Germany and the International Union of Conservation of Nature. Due to the Supreme Court of India mandate in 2011, Government of India, defined Eco Sensitive Zones to limit the adverse anthropogenic activities on the ecosystem, biodiversity and natural resources. Several efforts have been made to restore Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary area by planting saplings, rainwater harvesting, restoration of degraded land and habitat, agroforestry, herbal plantations, use of solar energy, organic farming, etc. In spite of all these efforts, there are still certain challenges that need to be addressed. Some of them are the lack of a protective wall, the absence of safe corridors for wildlife crossing, environmental pollution caused by Bandhwari landfill and water scarcity. There is also an official denial of presence of wildlife in the area, so that the forest land can be exploited. A futuristic approach for restoration could be use of microbes that improves the quality of the soil and hence the vegetation and biodiversity. A continuous reduction in the forest cover over the years and an increase in agriculture and settlement, resulting in more human-wildlife conflict has become the most important issue in conservation. Efforts are thus required towards ecological restoration, following a natural progression and assistive regeneration along with working on the threats (urbanisation, policy threats, cutting of trees) to prevent further degradation of the forest after restoration.

Dryland Ecological Restoration Research Dynamics: A Bibliometric Analysis Based on Web of Science Data

Previous research on ecological restoration mainly includes three fields: water ecology, soil ecology, and atmospheric ecology, and the most abundant is in the field of soil ecology, among which the most abundant is in dryland ecological restoration. Research on dryland ecological restoration is very important in ensuring national food security, ecological security, and preventing a return to poverty. However, the previous research results do not clearly present the interconnection between the huge number of existing dryland ecological restoration studies and do not provide a three-dimensional understanding of the whole picture of dryland ecological restoration research from a broader perspective. Research on dryland ecological restoration has received wide attention from scholars at home and abroad, revealing the international research trends in the current field, which will provide a reference for the theory and practice of future dryland ecological restoration research. Using the SCI-E and SSCI databases of the “Web of Science Core Collection” as sample data sources and using CiteSpace optical measurement software, the 2254 literature in the field of international dryland ecological restoration research were systematically analyzed to track the situation and impact of research in this field by countries around the world, scientific research institutions and significant authors, and to analyze the interdisciplinary and research hotspots in this field, which is of great significance for the follow-up research of dryland ecological restoration. The research results show that: (1) The number of publications in international dryland ecological restoration has increased significantly with years and has strong development potential. (2) Journals representing the research frontier have an intense concentration with various journals. (3) The study of dryland ecological restoration belongs to a highly interdisciplinary discipline, while the two disciplines of ecology and environmental science are the pivot nodes of multidisciplinary disciplines. (4) China’s posts and total citations are among the best, but the average citation is low. (5) Dryland ecological restoration and protection is a hot research field at present, and special attention is paid to the dynamic changes and key driving factors of dryland ecological restoration and the full use of machine learning and extensive data mining to solve complex social-ecological problems. The study recommends that related disciplines must strengthen cooperation in the field of dryland ecological restoration, especially the two disciplines of ecology and environmental science, in order to promote the progress of dryland ecological restoration research theory and practice. China should continue to strengthen the investment of scientific research forces to improve the international influence of research in the field of dryland ecological restoration.

Long-term study of ecological restoration in a typical shallow urban lake

We investigated the long-term effects (6 years) of sediment improvement and submerged plant restoration of a subtropical shallow urban lake, Hangzhou West Lake China. To reveal the lake ecosystems variations, we analyzed the sediment properties, submerged macrophyte characteristics, sediment microorganisms, and benthic macroinvertebrate communities from 2015 to 2020. The ecological restoration project decreased sediment TP and OM, increased submerged macrophyte biomass and sediment microbial diversity, and improved the benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the restored area. The sediment TP decreased from 2.94 mg/g in 2015 to 1.33 mg/g in 2020. The sediment OM of the restored area decreased from 27.44 % in 2015 to 8.08 % in 2020. Principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed that the restoration improved the sediment conditions, making it suitable for the growth of submerged macrophytes, and then sped up the restoration and reconstruction of the lake ecosystem. These results have significant implications on the ecological management of shallow lakes.

Assessing impacts of the Ecological Retreat project on water conservation in the Yellow River Basin

The Ecological Retreat (ER) project significantly impacts water conservation functions in the Yellow River Basin (YRB). However, studies on the impact and benefit of different ER modes on ecological water effects still lack systematic and integral disclosure. In our study, CNLUCC (China land use/cover data sets) and the Markov transition matrix were used to simulate land pattern changes from 2000 to 2018. Water yield was chosen as an indicator of water conservation to explore the impact of the ER project by using the water yield module of the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model. After the ER project, the land pattern changed significantly because massive cropland was transformed into forest and grassland. Thus, the total water yields of the YRB increased by 46.32 × 103 hm3 from 2000 to 2018, and the overall water yield benefit was 12.39% larger than the water loss. Forest rehabilitation (FR) showed the highest average water yield capacity, while grassland restoration (GR) exhibited the most incredible total water conservation benefit. Wetland recovery (WLR) manifested a great capacity to improve average water yield, but its total benefit was far less than FR and GR, while waterbody recovery (WBR) showed a negative impact. The results indicate that FR and GR were effective restoration methods, and WLR showed great potential to improve water yield. By using the random forest and principal components analysis, precipitation (PRE), evaporation (AET and ET0), and variation of forest and grassland proved to be the most critical driving indicators affecting water yield changes. Additionally, the correlation and sensitivity between root depth (R_depth) and water yield indicate that increasing R_Depth can also enhance water conservation. The ER project provides a valuable restoration model for water yield and water conservation benefits. The results can provide theoretical support for eco-hydrology and land ecological restoration studies.

Predicting Potential Habitat of a Plant Species with Small Populations under Climate Change: Ostryarehderiana

Ostrya rehderiana is a famous plant species with extremely small populations. With ongoing global climate change, the extremely small populations would face more uncertainties and risks, including the loss of genetic diversity and extirpation. Thus, assessing the impact of climate change on suitable habitat of O. rehderiana is particularly important for its conservation and restoration. Here, we built niche models with climate variables and soil and human footprint variables. Furthermore, new methods were applied to avoid confounding effects between climate and soil and human footprint variables to simulate the potential habitats of O. rehderiana in current and future climates. We found that the Hargreaves climatic moisture deficit, degree-days below 0 °C, chilling degree-days, and the temperature difference between mean warmest month temperature and mean coldest month temperature, or continentality, were the most important climate factors. The topsoil USDA texture classification, topsoil cation exchange capacity of (clay), and topsoil sodicity (ESP) were the key soil factors determining the suitable distribution of O. rehderiana. Compared with soil factors, human footprint has less influence on the suitable distribution of O. rehderiana. The niche range of this species was projected to expand and shift to north in the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 scenario for the 2050s. Our study results could be referenced in further extremely small populations ecological restoration studies and provide the scientific strategies for the conservation and restoration of O. rehderiana.

海岛及海滨特色生境生态修复研究综述

海岛及海滨特色生境生态修复研究综述

Tractable models of ecological assembly

AbstractEcological assembly is a fundamental and yet poorly understood process. Three main obstacles hinder the development of a theory of assembly, and when these issues are sidestepped by making strong assumptions, one can build an assembly graph in which nodes are ecological communities and edges are invasions shifting their composition. The graph can then be analysed directly, without the need to consider dynamics. To showcase this framework, we build and analyse assembly graphs for the competitive Lotka–Volterra model, showing that in these cases sequential assembly (in which species invade a community one at a time) can reach the same configurations found when starting the system with all species present at different initial conditions. We discuss how our results can advance our understanding of assembly both from an empirical and a theoretical point of view, informing the study of ecological restoration and the design of ecological communities.

天津滨海新区湿地景观连接度距离阈值研究

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 天津滨海新区湿地景观连接度距离阈值研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201804190897 作者: 作者单位: 南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津师范大学城市与环境科学学院,南开大学环境科学与工程学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 天津市自然科学基金科技特派员项目（16JCTPJC53900） Distance thresholds of wetland landscape connectivity in Tianjin Binhai New Area Author: Affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University,,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University Fund Project: Science and technology special project of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:在应用景观连接度研究景观格局变化时，选择适宜的距离阈值是关键。适宜的距离阈值有利于识别景观中的关键斑块并及时发现连接脆弱的区域，对景观格局动态分析、生态恢复研究等均具有重要意义。以天津市滨海新区湿地生态系统为研究对象，将研究区域划分为不同的焦点景观，焦点景观是依据研究区域栖息候鸟的生境面积而划分的面积大小相同的区域，并通过ArcGIS中的泰森多边形分析实现，焦点景观分析可为面积更大、结构更加复杂的景观分析提供新的思路。文章选取斑块间链接数（NL）、组分数（NC）、等效连接面积指数（ECA）、景观巧合概率指数（LCP）来表征景观连接度，设定100、200、400、600、800、1000、1500、2000、3000、5000、8000 m共11个距离阈值，探讨不同距离阈值下各指数的变化规律，对比分析研究区域整体景观斑块和焦点景观内各斑块的连接度指数随距离阈值变化的异同，最终确定研究区域最佳距离阈值。结果表明：（1）各焦点景观内斑块的景观连接度指数随距离阈值的变化趋势与研究区域整体景观斑块相似且对应的最佳距离阈值相同；（2）天津市滨海新区湿地景观连接度距离阈值的适宜范围是400-800 m，该区间内进行景观格局分析研究能够较为真实的反映出研究区域实际景观状况；（3）通过进一步研究，最终确定400 m为天津滨海新区湿地景观连接度最佳距离阈值。研究结果可为天津市滨海新区湿地景观研究提供参考，在实际研究中距离阈值的选择可根据具体研究目标、研究层次需求等进行适当调整。 Abstract:When applying landscape connectivity to the study of landscape pattern changes, it is important to choose the appropriate distance threshold, which affects the analysis of landscape connectivity in the study area. If the distance threshold is set too low, the patches in the area will remain unconnected, and fragmentation will be severe, whereas if the distance threshold is set too high, the patches in the area are interconnected and grouped together. However, neither of these scenarios is likely to truly reflect the actual condition of the landscape in the study area. Using an appropriate distance threshold will facilitate the identification of key patches in the landscape and the discovery of vulnerable areas, both of which are important for the dynamic analysis of landscape patterns and ecological restoration studies. The present study investigated this principle using Landsat 8-OLI remote sensing images of a wetland ecosystem of the Tianjin Binhai New Area, taken on April 14, 2017. The research area was divided into different focal landscapes, in order to prevent software stalling and reductions in data processing speed that could have resulted from the large study area and provide a new analytical idea for this field. The focal landscape was the same size area, based on the habitat area of the migratory birds in the study area, and was analysed by Thiessen polygon analysis in ArcGIS. The number of links, number of components, equivalent connectivity area, and landscape coincidence probability were selected to characterize the landscape connectivity, and a total of 11 distance thresholds (100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, and 8000 m) were selected to draw the ‘Landscape Connectivity Index-Distance Threshold’ curve, which was used to study the trend of each index under different distance thresholds. By comparing the overall landscape patch and the focal landscape connectivity index with distance thresholds, the optimal distance threshold for the study area was determined. (1) The optimal distance thresholds selected by the two methods of focal landscape and overall landscape patch were the same, and the proposed method provides new ideas for future regional landscape analysis and more complex ecological landscape pattern research. (2) The range of 400-800 m can be used as suitable distance threshold ranges for the dynamic change of landscape pattern and restoration of ecosystems in the Binhai New Area. In this interval, the connectivity of the habitat patch in the study area was relatively stable, which clearly illustrates the distribution of the patches and helps to identify the important patches in the landscape. (3) Through further research, 400 m was finally selected as the optimal distance threshold for the connectivity of the wetland ecosystem in Tianjin Binhai New Area. These findings provide a reference for studying wetland landscapes in the Tianjin Binhai New Area. In addition, the selection of the distance threshold in practical research can be adjusted according to specific research objectives and research level requirements. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Evolution of the field of ecological restoration over the last three decades: a bibliometric analysis

Ecological restoration studies have been widely conducted for many years to solve eco‐environmental problems. However, no publications offer a systematic and quantitative analysis of the evolution of the field of ecological restoration. To address this knowledge gap, for the first time, we applied a bibliometric analysis approach to analyze ecological restoration studies. We analyzed 3,929 articles published between 1988 and 2017 catalogued in the Science Citation Index Expanded database and the Social Sciences Citation Index database. The results show that annual article output stably increased after 2004, and the number of annual articles of each country has also increased notably since then. The United States occupies the leading position in ecological restoration studies, with China attaining a close second position in recent years. Four institutions and seven journals are outstanding in the field of ecological restoration. Academic collaborations of authors or institutions exhibit an increasing trend, but international collaboration needs to be strengthened because eco‐environmental problems are a global challenge. Forest, grassland, and wetland ecosystems have received the most attention. Biodiversity, ecosystem services, and climate change are core issues of ecological restoration studies and are predicted to remain the research hotspots in the future. Novel ecosystems are likely to become one of the most important research areas in the near future. More importantly, it is crucial for researchers to places more emphasis on social issues of ecological restoration in the future.

Are litterfall and litter decomposition processes indicators of forest regeneration in the neotropics? Insights from a case study in the Brazilian Amazon

Litterfall plays an important role in nutrient cycling and maintenance of soil fertility in terrestrial ecosystems. We gauged the effects of anthropogenic impacts on the production, decomposition and seasonality of litterfall in primary and secondary forests within a tropical landscape of the Brazilian Amazon. We hypothesized that leaf litter quantity and quality would differ in line with forest disturbance and that these changes would translate into dissimilar decomposition rates. If proved, these processes could be used as surrogates for indentifying the ecological status of forest habitats. The obtained results have shown that, in the study area litterfall is reduced and litter decomposition is braked in disturbed habitats when compared with primary and recovered secondary forests. Also, within similar climatic conditions, the litter production and decomposition rates begin to stabilize in mature secondary forests. Our results represent a useful contribution to understand the dynamics of the litterfall and litter decomposition processes in the neotropics. Both processes were correlated and sensitive to disturbance gradients and should used as forest recovery indicators in ecological monitoring and ecological restoration studies.

Links between community ecology theory and ecological restoration are on the rise

AbstractCommunity ecology is frequently invoked as complementary to and useful for guiding ecological restoration. While the conceptual literature is devoted to this unification, first‐hand accounts from practitioners and ecologists suggest that integration may be weak in practice. To date, there have been no analyses of how extensively community ecology theory appears in the empirical restoration literature.We address this knowledge gap with the first quantitative assessment of the extent to which community ecology concepts appear in empirical restoration literature by analysing the use of community ecology theories, concepts and conceptually derived tools in the design and interpretation of 1,000+ experimental ecological restoration studies over time (20 years) across all global regions. We also gauge general trends in author demographics, focal ecosystems and taxa targeted by these studies.We found that the incorporation of community ecology into restoration research has increased significantly in recent years.Community assembly and succession theories were the community ecology concepts integrated most often, while the functional traits framework and evolutionary theory have increased in usage recently.Synthesis and applications. Restoration endeavours are increasingly infused with elements of community ecology. Our results highlight the widespread application of deterministic models of community structure in restoration design and the rise of ecosystem service and function‐focused restoration. With this diagnostic summary of these applications, ecologists and restoration practitioners can move forward while directly exploring underdeveloped synergies between theory and practice.

FRUTOS, SEMILLAS, GERMINACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE PLÁNTULAS DE Amphilophium paniculatum (L.) Kunth. (BIGNONIACEAE).

Se describe la morfología del fruto, semilla, plántula y la capacidad de germinación de A. paniculatum conocida en la zona con el nombre común de Batero. Los frutos fueron colectados en relictos boscosos andinos del municipio La Sierra, Cauca, en los que se realizan estudios florísticos y de restauración ecológica. Para la descripción morfológica fueron utilizados 20 frutos y 20 semillas y se tomaron medidas morfométricas de largo, ancho y grosor. Las etapas de la germinación se observaron y describieron a partir de la siembra en vivero de cuatro repeticiones de 128 semillas cada una. También se evaluó la capacidad de establecimiento de plántulas por trasplante. Las observaciones se realizaron cada tres días. Durante el periodo de evaluación y el establecimiento se determinó por la sobrevivencia o no de las plántulas. El fruto de A. paniculatum es seco de tipo cápsula, las semillas son estrechas y aladas. La germinación es hipogea criptocotilar, el tiempo medio de germinación es de 7 a 25 días y el porcentaje de sobrevivencia por trasplante después de la aparición de los primeros metáfilos fue del 90 %.

How economics can further the success of ecological restoration.

Restoration scientists and practitioners have recently begun to include economic and social aspects in the design and investment decisions for restoration projects. With few exceptions, ecological restoration studies that include economics focus solely on evaluating costs of restoration projects. However, economic principles, tools, and instruments can be applied to a range of other factors that affect project success. We considered the relevance of applying economics to address 4 key challenges of ecological restoration: assessing social and economic benefits, estimating overall costs, project prioritization and selection, and long-term financing of restoration programs. We found it is uncommon to consider all types of benefits (such as nonmarket values) and costs (such as transaction costs) in restoration programs. Total benefit of a restoration project can be estimated using market prices and various nonmarket valuation techniques. Total cost of a project can be estimated using methods based on property or land-sale prices, such as hedonic pricing method and organizational surveys. Securing continuous (or long-term) funding is also vital to accomplishing restoration goals and can be achieved by establishing synergy with existing programs, public-private partnerships, and financing through taxation.

黄土高原不同乔木林土壤微生物量碳氮和溶解性碳氮的特征

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 黄土高原不同乔木林土壤微生物量碳氮和溶解性碳氮的特征 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201404030633 作者: 作者单位: 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41171226);国家自然科学基金重点基金(41030532);新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-12-0479);西北农林科技大学"优秀人才科研专项(QN2011049)" Soil microbial biomass nitrogen and carbon, water soluble nitrogen and carbon under different arbors forests on the Loess Plateau Author: Affiliation: Institute of soil and water conservation, CAS&MWR,Institute of soil and water conservation, CAS&MWR,Institute of soil and water conservation, CAS&MWR,Institute of soil and water conservation, CAS&MWR,Institute of soil and water conservation, CAS&MWR Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:选取黄土丘陵区子午岭4种不同乔木林下的0-5 cm和5-20 cm的土壤为研究对象,通过氯仿熏蒸浸提方法测定了微生物量碳氮、溶解性碳氮以及土壤的理化性质。研究结果表明,不同乔木林下0-5 cm土层土壤微生物量氮(MBN)土壤微生物量碳(MBC)均表现为:辽东栎 > 侧柏 > 油松 > 刺槐,5-20 cm土层为:侧柏 > 辽东栎 > 油松 > 刺槐,说明不同乔木林对土壤表层和下层的微生物量有明显的影响。上层土壤溶解性碳(DOC)、溶解性氮(DON)大于下层土壤。土壤微生物量碳氮比(MBC/MBN)在4-8之间,MBC/MBN 、MBN、MBC均表现为随着土层的深度逐渐降低的趋势。MBC与MBN具有显著的正相关性,MBN、MBC与有机碳(SOC)、土壤全氮(TN)、MBC/MBN、溶解性碳与微生物量碳之和(DOC+MBC)、溶解性氮与微生物量氮之和(DON+MBN)呈现出极显著的正相关性(P < 0.01)。DOC+MBC、DON+MBN比DOC、DON、MBC、MBN更能反映土壤微生物量与活性碳氮库。总体来说,人工刺槐林对土壤碳氮库的增加有一定的作用,但是相对于辽东栎和侧柏等天然次生林有一定的差距。 Abstract:The Loess Plateau is an important site for many ecological restoration studies in China. Different forest types can have a great influence on the soil environment, including carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycles. The soil microbial biomass can have a large effect on soil processes and soil microorganisms after vegetation restoration in the loess hilly area of the Loess Plateau. Understanding the relationships between soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial biomass under different forest types can provide useful information for vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau. This study sampled soils in four different forest types to investigate the soil composition and correlation with soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), soil microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), soil dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC), the sum of DOC and MBC (DOC+MBC) and the sum of DON and MBN (DON+MBN). The sample sites were located on Ziwuling Mountain of the Loess Plateau. The four different forests were all established 15 years ago. The results showed that in the 0–5 cm soil layer of the 4 forest types, MBC ranged between 350 and 693.15 mg/kg, MBN ranged between 52.21 and 93.61 mg/kg, DON ranged between 53.49 and 89.07 mg/kg, DOC ranged between 302.33 and 460.87 mg/kg, DOC+MBC ranged between 543.72 and 1114.76 mg/kg and DON+MBN ranged between 105.70 and 182.68 mg/kg. All values at 0–5 cm were higher than values obtained in the 5–20 cm soil layer. Quercus liaotungensis and Biota orientalis had the highest MBC and MBN, Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. and Robinia pseudoacacia had the lowest SMBC and MBN. Soil DOC was not significantly different between forest soils for the soil layer 0-5 cm. DOC+MBC of Q. liaotungensis and B. orientalis were significantly higher than for P. tabulaeformis Carr. and R. pseudoacacia, with R. pseudoacacia having the lowest values of DOC+MBC. Soil DON was highest for Q. liaotungensis and was significantly different from the other three forest soils. Soil DON+MBN were highest for Q. liaotungensis, lowest for P. tabulaeformis Carr. and R. pseudoacacia, and there were no significant differences between P. tabulaeformis Carr. and R. pseudoacacia. Soil DON+MBN was lowest for B. orientalis in the 5-20 cm soil layer. The ratio of MBC to MBN (MBC/MBN) ranged from 4 to 8, the ratio of MBN to total nitrogen (TN) (MBN/TN) ranged from 3.21% to 5.03% and the ratio of MBC to the total organic carbon (SOC) (MBC/SOC) ranged from 2.02 to 3.29%. MBC and MBN were correlated or significantly correlated with MBC/MBN, DOC, DON, DOC+MBC, DON+MBN, TN and SOC. MBC was significantly correlated with MBN. DOC+MBC better reflected soil available carbon than MBC and DOC alone, and similarly DON+MBN better reflected soil available nitrogen. Different forests have a significant influence on the microbial biomass and water dissolved carbon and nitrogen. Q. liaotungensis and B. orientalis had much greater effects on the soil organic carbon and soil nitrogen content, which could improve the soil quality. R. pseudoacacia is a native species in this region, and this species had lower effects on the contents of soil carbon and nitrogen. For the process of vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau, Q. liaotungensis and B. orientalis were more suitable forest species than R. pseudoacacia. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

黄土丘陵区植被类型对土壤微生物量碳氮磷的影响

The Loess Plateau is an important site for many ecological restoration studies in China. Different vegetation types change the soil environment to different extents,influencing the biogeochemical cycles of materials such as soil microbial biomass carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus. Determining the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial biomass under different vegetation types can provide useful information for vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau. Soil profiles under four typical vegetation types( natural grassland,artificial shrub land,artificial timber forest and crop land) were collected in the Yanhe River catchment in a hilly area of the Loess Plateau. The Yanhe River catchment( 36°23'—37°17' N,108°45'—110°28' E) is situated in the north of the Shaanxi Province. It belongs to the continental monsoon climate. The basic soil physicochemical properties and microbial biomass carbon( MBC),nitrogen( MBN),and phosphorus( MBP) were measured. The results indicated that the MBC of natural grassland,artificial shrub land,artificial timber forest and crop land ranged from 315. 15—400. 89,246. 56—321. 25,267. 76—347. 05 and 118. 96—245. 14 mg /kg,respectively and the MBN ranged from 35. 87—47. 63,27. 63—42. 89,24. 66—36. 20 and 15. 64—22. 56 mg / kg,respectively and the MBP ranged from 14. 14—22. 96,12. 89—19. 75,11. 54—14. 40 and 7. 23—11. 59 mg / kg,respectively. Natural grassland showed the highest soil microbial biomass,followed by artificial timber forest,artificial shrub land and crop land,indicating that returning crop land to forests or grassland had a significant promoting impact on the soil microbial biomass. Under the different types of vegetation,the MBC / MBN ranged from 7. 49 to 10. 87,and the MBC / MBP ranged from 16. 27 to 24. 11. The ratio of MBC / soil organic C was 2. 70% —4. 85%,the ratio of MBN / total N was 2. 56% —4. 45% and the ratio of MBP / total P was 2. 08% —5. 34%. The MBC / MBN and MBC / MBP of natural grassland,artificial timber forests and crop land were all significantly less than the artificial shrub land( P 0. 05),but the MBC / soil organic C showed no significant differences between vegetation types. The MBN / total N and MBP / total P of natural grasslands were significantly more than the artificial shrub land,followed by the artificial timber forest and the crop land( P 0. 05). The soil microbial biomass correlated or significantly correlated with soil organic C,total N and soil moisture,but negatively correlated with the soil pH. This showed that the vegetation types had a significant impact on the physical and chemical properties of soil that are closely associated with the soil microbial biomass.

Study of Ecological Restoration and Reconstruction in Sichuan Earthquake Disaster Area - Taking Mianyang City as an Example

This paper present ecosystem destruction in Mianyang after the "5.12" Wenchuan earthquake and the role of ecological restoration and reconstruction, emphasize on vegetation restoration, soil ecosystem restoration, ecological benefits (structure and function) restoration and some other aspects, to discuss the countermeasure about ecological restoration and reconstruction, which provide references for ecological restoration and reconstruction in disaster areas .

Rational groundwater table indicated by the eco-physiological parameters of the vegetation: A case study of ecological restoration in the lower reaches of the Tarim River

The eco-physiological response and adaptation of Populus euphratica Oliv and Tamarix ramosissima Ldb during water release period were investigated. Nine typical areas and forty-five tran-sects were selected along the lower reaches of Tarim River. The groundwater table as well as plant performance and the contents of proline, soluble sugars, and plant endogenous hormone (ABA, CTK) in leaves were monitored and analyzed. The groundwater table was raised in different areas and tran-sects by water release program. The physiological stress to P. euphratica and T. ramosissima had been reduced after water release. Our results suggested that the groundwater table in the studied region remained at −3.15 to −4.12 m, the proline content from 9.28 to 11.06 (mmol/L), the soluble sugar content from 224.71 to 252.16 (mmol/L), the ABA content from 3.59 to 5.01 (ng/g FW), and the CK content from 4.01 to 4.56 (ng/g FW), for the optimum growth and restoration of P. euphratica indicated by the plant performance parameters and the efficiency of water application was the highest. The groundwater table in the studied region remained at −2.16 to −3.38 m, the proline content from 12.15 to 14.17 (mmol/L), the soluble sugar content from 154.71 to 183.16 (mmol/L), the ABA content from 2.78 to 4.86 (ng/g FW), and the CK content from 3.78 to 4.22 (ng/g FW), for the optimum growth and restoration of T. ramosissima indicated by the plant performance parameters and the efficiency of water application was the highest. The rational groundwater table for the restoration of vegetation in the studied region was at −3.15 to −3.38 m.

A case study of ecological restoration at the Xiaoyi Bauxite Mine, Shanxi Province, China

This paper introduces theories and methods for ecological restoration of mines and presents a case study of the ecological restoration in the Shanxi Bauxite Mine. In the process of ecological restoration, an integrated technical system consisting of stripping, mining, peeled-off and rehabilitation was established with the integration of engineering reclamation and biological reclamation; some techniques such as advanced farming techniques and biotechnology were also employed. These measures considerably improved crop yield and soil fertility of the mine, accelerated ecological rebuilding processes, and controlled soil erosion effectively.