Ecological Footprint Evaluation Research Articles

基于改进生态足迹模型的可持续发展评价——以北疆为例

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于改进生态足迹模型的可持续发展评价——以北疆为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202112203605 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（2020D04003） Sustainable development evaluation based on an improved ecological footprint model: a case study of northern Xinjiang Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:生态足迹评价体系，可以在一定程度上刻画区域社会经济发展对当地生态环境产生的影响，当前可持续发展研究的难点之一，便是如何更加真实的体现这种影响。立足于传统生态足迹模型，采用"一年一区一值"的参数方案计算区域当年均衡因子与产量因子，结合土地利用转移矩阵和建设用地流入量改进建设用地足迹算法，对北疆地区2005年、2010年、2015年、2018年生态足迹及生态承载力进行测度，并结合相关指数对研究区发展的可持续性进行评价。结果表明：①北疆生态足迹增涨3.5倍，且以能源增长为主导，生物生产性足迹贡献率大幅下降；人均生态足迹增长3.4倍，工业型城市生态足迹增长率及人均生态足迹增长率均高于其他类型城市。②研究区生态承载力呈现上升态势，除水域和草地外，其他地类承载力均呈上升态势，昌吉州与阿勒泰地区的总体承载力及人均承载力均呈下降态势。③北疆生态利用效率上涨1.32倍，各行政单元呈现农业及服务业型城市生态利用效率上升、工业型城市生态利用效率降低的态势，表明工业型城市生态足迹增速远高于经济增速。④各行政单元呈现生态赤字状态且不断加剧，总体及人均增速都呈现工业型 > 农业型 > 服务业型城市。整体而言，研究区系统安全性一般，处于协调发展状态，但存在由生态足迹激增引发安全性下降的风险，部分地州呈低协调甚至不协调状态，整体可持续发展性有所降低。 Abstract:Ecological footprint is a biologically productive land that can produce the materials needed to meet the productive needs of human life and absorb the waste generated by humans in the region. Ecological footprint evaluation system can describe the impact of regional social and economic development on local ecological environment to a certain extent, but one of the difficulties in current sustainable development research is how to more truly reflect such impact. Based on traditionally ecological footprint model, this study firstly calculates the equilibrium factor and yield factor by year and by subregion. We improved the construction land footprint algorithm through combining the land use transfer matrix. Finally measured the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Northern Xinjiang in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2018, and evaluated the sustainability of development in the study area. The results showed that:(1) the ecological footprint of the Northern Xinjiang increased by 3.5 times, which was dominated by energy footprint, while the contribution of biological productivity footprint decreased significantly. Per capita ecological footprint increased by 3.4 times, and the growth rate of ecological footprint and per capita ecological footprint of industrial cities were both higher than other types of cities. (2) The ecological carrying capacity of the study area showed an upward trend except for water and grassland. The overall and per capita carrying capacity of Changji and Altay were both declining. (3) The ecological efficiency of Northern Xinjiang increased by 1.32 times. The units showed a trend of increasing ecological efficiency in agricultural and service-oriented cities and decreasing in industrial cities, indicated that the growth rate of ecological footprint of industrial cities was higher than the corresponding cities' economy. (4) The ecological deficit of each unit was increased, and the growth rate of overall and per capita showed a trend of industrial cities > agricultural cities > service-oriented cities. Overall, ecosystem security in the study area was at an average level, and the ecological system and economic system were in a coupling state. But there was a risk of security decline caused by the surge of ecological footprint. Some cities were in a low coupling or even decoupling state, and the overall sustainability was reduced. Therefore, in the future development process, government should combine national and regional policy guidance with our own geographic and resource advantages, actively optimize the industrial structure, improve the efficiency of resource utilization, to build a diversified, healthy and sustainable new development system. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Sustainability of agroecosystems by indices: A comparative study between indicators of ecological footprint sustainability and emergy analysis; a case study in Dez catchment, Iran

Efficient farm management is one of the most important issues in achieving Sustainable performance. Ecological Footprint (EF) measurement and Emergy Analysis (EA) are appropriate tools to achieve the principles of sustainability in different ecosystems. This study aimed to compare the indicators and determine the ecological sustainability of two cropping systems of irrigated wheat and grain maize using ecological footprint evaluation and emergy analysis in the catchment area of Dez in Iran in the crop year 2019–2020. For this purpose, a total of 400 questionnaires from wheat and maize farmers were collected based on a simple random sampling method. The results of evaluating the ecological footprint method of wheat and maize cultivation in the study area at the level of one hectare were 3.50 and 4.66 global hectares, respectively. Also, the results of total emergy inputs for the ecological system of wheat and maize production were 1.60E+16 and 2.55E+16 sej ha−1 per year, respectively. This study showed that the two methods EF and EA are complementary. The evaluation results of both sustainability indices were very close to each other so both cultivation systems were environmentally unsustainable. We also found that the ecosystem of the irrigated wheat production system is more desirable than the ecosystem of the maize production system in terms of yield, renewability, and environmental sustainability. Since both cropping systems are strongly affected by the purchased inputs (more than 95%), as a result, they create a high environmental pressure, which shows the apprehensive condition of the current agricultural production systems in Iran. This study is the first study from Iran that uses these two tools simultaneously to determine the sustainability assessment of two strategic products of the region.

Ecological Footprint Evaluation for Environmental Sustainability in Ijebu Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria

The aim of this study was to evaluate the Ecological Footprint (EF) for Environmental Sustainability in Ijebu Ode. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional study design and the objectives were, to assess the average EF of Ijebu Ode. Both primary and secondary data were employed, and the primary data for this study was collected from four hundred (400) systemically sampled households through structured questionnaires, and analysed descriptively using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 20.0). The findings revealed the average ecological footprint of the Ijebu Ode to be 0.3gha per capita, with the footprint of water as the highest contributor to the EF, with 0.9gha (86.5%) of the total footprint. Thus, the study concluded that, the average EF of Ijebu Ode is 0.3 gha and therefore sustainable. However, it was recommended that, sustainable consumption must be encouraged, implemented and demonstrated to sustain the current EF of Ijebu Ode and public campaigns should be encouraged and implemented adequately in light of increasing awareness of the adverse environmental impacts of unsustainable consumption.

Research on low-carbon campus based on ecological footprint evaluation and machine learning: A case study in China

Universities, the important locations for scientific research and education, have the responsibility to lead ecological civilization and low carbon transition. Ecological footprint evaluation (EFE) is usually used to measure sustainability of campuses. Although it can provide guidance and reference for overall campus planning, it lacks effective significance for individual behavior, especially when the reduction of carbon emissions is the aim. On the other hand a possible solution can be represented by machine learning. It can identify the key factors that will influence individual's overall carbon emissions caused by students' daily behavior, it can be used to find effective ways to reduce individual carbon emissions. This paper applied EFE and machine learning to comprehensively evaluate campus sustainability and students' carbon emissions. Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), a “University in the Forest”, was used as a study case in China. Even if HUST is endowned with a forest coverage of 72%, here we showed that its Ecological Footprint Index was −12.52, indicating strong unsustainability. This is mainly due to the high energy and food consumption, caused by the large population living in the campus and the lacking of energy saving measures. The per capita ecological footprint was relatively high, compared with other universities in the world, which meant more efforts needed to be done on ecological sustainability. Low carbon emission is a key feature for a sustainable campus. Based on the questionnaire survey delivered to 486 students who live in the campus, their daily active data were collected in terms of students' personal clothing, food, housing, consumption and transportation. And their associated carbon emissions were calculated based on emission intensities of Chinese population. Based on 486 detailed datasets, machine learning was then used to identify the key daily behavior to influence students' total carbon emission. Results showed that making behavior changes in air conditioning, food and electric bicycle were the most effective ways to reduce carbon emissions. Finally, while effective suggestions were proposed based on qualitative and quantitative evaluations, it is concluded that it is imperative for universities in China to formulate effective low-carbon policies, to achieve sustainable development and to confront global climate change.

Ecological Footprint Evaluation of Three Types of Wood Flooring in China Based on Their Production Data from 2000 to 2018

To encourage the environmental responsibility of consumers and manufacturers for forest management, it is necessary to evaluate the environmental influences of forest products. Ecological footprint (EF) is an internationally recognized indicator for estimating the natural capital consumption and environmental influences of various forest products. In this study, we developed an accounting model for the EF evaluation of wood flooring, which is a tertiary forest product, by the method of transformation. Next, we used that model to evaluate the EF of three types of wood flooring in China according to their production data from 2000 to 2018. We collected the necessary data by visiting typical enterprises in China and referring to the relevant literature. According to our results, the average EFs of solid wood flooring, engineered solid wood flooring and laminate flooring between 2000 to 2018 were 3.13×106, 1.05×107 and 5.07×106 gha, respectively. The total EFs of solid wood flooring, engineered solid wood flooring and laminate flooring from 2000 to 2018 were 5.95×107, 1.99×108 and 9.64×107 gha, respectively. The coefficients of variation (CV) of the EFs for these three types of wood flooring were 0.45, 0.87 and 0.76, respectively. The average and total EFs of the engineered solid wood flooring were the largest among the three types of wood flooring. The per capita EF and unit EF for the engineered solid wood flooring were also the highest among the three types of wood flooring. The EFs showed an upward trend with irregular fluctuations from 2000 to 2018 for all three types of wood flooring. It is necessary to reduce the EF of the engineered solid wood flooring and use more environmentally friendly products, such as solid wood flooring, for environmental protection.

Dynamics of three-dimensional ecological footprint of Zhejiang coastal zone and its influencing factors based on GTWR model

Clarifying the consumption of local natural capital stock and natural capital flow and its influencing factors can help alleviate the tension between the socio-economic development of the coastal zone, natural resources, and the ecological environment, and promote regional coordinated and sustainable development. Based on the two-dimensional and three-dimensional ecological footprint evaluation models, we analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of ecological footprint in the coastal zone of Zhejiang Province from 2006 to 2016, and explored the regional natural capital stock and capital flow occupancy based on footprint depth and footprint width. We analyzed the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of its influencing factors using a geographically and temporally weighted regression model. The results showed that ecological crisis in the coastal zone of Zhejiang Province deepened during the study period. The average per capita ecological deficit was 3.5 hm2·cap-1, and the per capita ecological deficit increased by 15.5%. Among them, the contribution of energy consumption account to the per capita ecological footprint was greater than that of the biological resources account. The per capita ecological footprint of each county showed an increasing trend, with significant spatial variation. The coastal zone of Zhejiang Province mainly consumed the natural capital stock, with a significant inhibitory effect on the renewal of natural capital flows. The consumption of natural capital stock was 14.87 times that of capital flow in 2016. Urban scale, economic development level, and people's income level had positive impacts on the ecological footprint of coastal counties of Zhejiang Province, while fishery production had negative effect on the ecological footprints, with transition trend to a positive one. The influence mechanism of the three factors had significant spatial and temporal differentiation.

The Environmental Early Warning Management of Water Resources Carrying Capacity of Ski Resorts in China

Wang, P.; Zhu, Z.Q., and Fei, Y.H., 2020. The environmental early warning management of water resources carrying capacity of ski resorts in China. In: Bai, X. and Zhou, H. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Environmental Protection, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 115, pp. 430-433. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Under the background of global warming, it has become a common choice for most ski resorts to ensure or even extend the operating period of ski resorts through artificial snow making. Many artificial snow making causes serious waste of water resources and ecological damage, which aggravates the water resources crisis in the ski resort area. Therefore, the environmental early warning management of water resources carrying capacity of ski resorts is directly related to the satisfaction of tourists and the ecological balance of tourist areas. According to the characteristics of skiing tourism resources, with the help of ecological footprint evaluation model, Northern China is selected as the evaluation object to calculate the water resources carrying capacity of skiing tourism area. Based on these, the early warning interval and grade of the environmental capacity of ski tourism resources were determined. The result showed that there were increasing trends of regional water resources ecological footprint in 2010-2019 (3.76-3.85 ha/cap), accompanied by decreasing water capacity (1.28-1.20 ha/cap), but expanding ecological deficit (2.48-2.65 ha/cap). The distribution patter of water footprint and the degree of sustainable development varied distinctly from area to area in Northern China and the lowest value of environmental early warning index (EEWI) was presented in North China in 2019. Consequently, increasing in the water resources recycling rate and reducing in human demand due to technological advances or other factors are the most effective ways to control within a reasonable range of the environmental capacity of ski tourism resources.

Ecological Footprint Evaluation: An Empirical Study of the Bohai Coast of the Jing-Jin-Ji Region

Yang, D.; Li, M.; Wang, F.; Lin, W., and Li, W., 2020. Ecological footprint evaluation: an empirical study of the Bohai Coast of the Jing-Jin-Ji region. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 407–413. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.This article studies the resources and environmental carrying capacity of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei in China with an ecological-footprint evaluation index that was constructed for cultivated land, forest land, grassland, construction land, water area, and fossil fuel land. The ecological footprint and the ecological carrying-capacity comprehensive index methods are used to, respectively, reveal how much natural resources have been used and nature's ability to provide products and services. The ecological deficit or surplus reflected by the difference between them is used to show the state and trend of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region ecological environment. The results showed that, because of the long-term ecological deficit caused by the limited supply of natural resources, the per capita ecological carrying capacity of the Beijing and Tianjin Province has always been lower than the per capita ecological footprint. The consumption of natural resources in Hebei Province is still mainly reflected in the consumption of coal, petroleum-based energy, and the production of agricultural resource–based biological resources, and the development model is still the same as it was in 2010—consuming existing natural resources to make up for the lack of ecological carrying capacity.

Improvement of Ecological Footprint Model in National Nature Reserve Based on Net Primary Production (NPP)

An increasing number of nature reserves are being invaded by various development and construction activities, such as energy, resources, and transportation facilities. The ecological footprint model, which enables a quantitative assessment of ecological sustainability, can assess whether human consumption at various spatial scales falls within the regenerative capacity of the biosphere. Based on the traditional ecological footprint evaluation model: the Global Agro-Ecological Zone (EF-GAEZ model), this study proposes an improved ecological footprint model based on net primary productivity (EF-NPP model) and its validations. In this study, the status of ecological footprints and the ecological carrying capacities of 319 national nature reserves in 2010 is explored, and the changes in ecological surpluses and ecological deficits from 2000 to 2010 are analyzed. The ecological footprint per capita and the ecological carrying capacity per capita calculated by the two models were mostly consistently at the same level (more than 68%), which indicated that the ecological footprint per capita and the ecological carrying capacity per capita of the two models followed the same rule. The EF-NPP model can reflect the change in the global climate, the degradation of the soil, and the progress of the technology.

The ecological footprint evaluation of low carbon campuses based on life cycle assessment: A case study of Tianjin, China

Global warming is a very serious environmental problem. Universities, the most active organizations and locations for scientific research and social activities, have a responsibility to construct low carbon campuses and to play an important role in reducing CO2 emissions. The concept and definition of a low carbon campus were proposed in this paper along with a comprehensive model. Tianjin Polytechnical University (TJPU) was used as a case study because of its innovative efforts in this aspect. The ecological footprint evaluation (EFE) and life cycle assessment (LCA) were integrated to evaluate a low carbon campus qualitatively; The ecological footprint index (EFI) was proposed for a quantitative evaluation. The EFI of TJPU was 0.61, which indicated that the low carbon campus of TJPU is classified as having strong sustainability. Last, effective recommendations were proposed based on data analysis to improve the low carbon campus; qualitative and quantitative evaluations were also discussed to enhance the progress of constructing low carbon campuses worldwide.

Comparison of ecological footprint for biobased PHA production from animal residues utilizing different energy resources

Realizing a sustainable development of our planet requires a reduction of waste production, harmful emissions, and higher energy efficiency as well as utilization of renewable energy sources. One pathway to this end is the design of sustainable biorefinery concepts. Utilizing waste streams as raw material is gaining great importance in this respect. This reduces environmental burden and may at the same time contribute to economic performance of biorefineries. This paper investigates the utilization of slaughtering waste to produce biodegradable polyesters, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), via bioconversion. PHA are the target product while production of high quality biodiesel along with meat and bone meal (MBM) as by-products improves the economic performance of the process. The paper focuses on ecological comparison of different production scenarios and the effect of geographical location of production plants taking different energy production technologies and resources into account; ecological footprint evaluation using Sustainable Process Index methodology was applied. Keeping in mind that the carbon source for PHA production is produced from waste by energy intensive rendering process, the effect of available energy mixes in different countries becomes significant. Ecological footprint results from the current study show a bandwidth from 372,950 to 956,060 m2/t PHA production, depending on the energy mix used in the process which is compared to 2,508,409 m2/t for low density polyethylene.

The Study on the Ecological Footprint of Rural Solid Waste Disposal-example in Yuhong District of Shenyang

Abstract In this paper, according to the characteristics of rural solid waste logistics system and process, the ecological footprint evaluation method and model for rural solid waste disposal has been established, and taken Yuhong district of Shenyang as an example, the results showed that the ecological footprint of rural solid waste disposal was 226.95hm2, in which, the ecological footprint of livestock manure was 185.31hm2, which accounted for 81.65% of the total results, indicating special management measures should be taken on livestock manure to release the negative environmental effect.

A Research on the Ecological Footprint Evaluation and Computational Methods of Urban Water Resourse in Beijing

Since the water resourse insome towns of Beijing were in a big shortage in the past few years, it becomes a key factor which restricts the sustainable development and theurbanlization of Beijing. Based on the fact, this paper introduces the reserrch situation and development of the ecological footprint of urban water resourse in Beijing. And it puts forward the method for calculating the the ecological footprint of urban water resourse , includeing domestic water, process water and eological water, in Beijing. Furthermore, the computational method of ecological carrying capacity and ecological deficit of urban water resourse in Beijing is proposed, which provides reference for the evaluation of ecological capacity of urban water resourse in Beijing.

Modification of ecological footprint evaluation method to include non-renewable resource consumption using thermodynamic approach

This study is to modify the ecological footprint methodology by incorporating non-renewable or abiotic resources as an additional category. The use of abiotic resources can be quantified as global hectare by using thermodynamic approaches. A detailed case study on various countries including Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Japan, USA, and Vietnam shows the advantage of using the new modified ecological footprint (EF) as an indicator for sustainable development. The modified EF includes not only biotic resources, but also the abiotic resources. The case study indicates that the modified EF differs from the traditional EF up to 123% in the case of Belgium, and 90% in the case of Australia. For developing countries such as Brazil and Vietnam, the differences are relatively smaller (21% for Brazil and 9.4% for Vietnam). The estimated total ecological footprint of the world using the new method implies more serious problems associated with over consumption than using results from the original ecological footprint method.