Ecological Environmental Effects Research Articles

Study on the Ecological Environmental Effect and Driving Force of Land Use Change Based on the GIS and CLUE-S Model

Study on the Ecological Environmental Effect and Driving Force of Land Use Change Based on the GIS and CLUE-S Model

Discussion on Evolution of Focal Points of China's Urbanization: Based on Keywords Analysis of Papers from CNKI during 1992-2011

Based on 24528 papers from China Knowledge Infrastructure during 1992-2011, we analyzed evolution of topics, theories, methods, and case regions. Results showed the hottest keywords changed from township enterprises, peasant workers to urbanization agglomeration, land use and environment. Evolution of hot topics is always tracing Chinese urbanization process. Theories are appearing dynamic, micro, and comprehensive. Dynamic econometric model has been main theory in industry structure research. Micro research on institutional modeling, urban agents environmental behaviors and peasant workers phycology has emerged. Modeling on land use and ecological environment effect has been more and more comprehensive. The hottest methods are mainly from statistical analysis. Evaluation on environmental effects of urbanization increases greatly in recent years while study on mechanisms of urbanization is still increasing slowly. Hottest case regions were mainly fast urbanization regions in East China including Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong, while West China was studied as a whole.

流域库坝工程开发的生物多样性敏感度分区

流域生态敏感性是流域生态系统遇到干扰时产生生态失衡与生态环境问题的难易程度和可能性大小，生物多样性是其影响最为重要的生态因子。主要考虑物种丰富度、珍稀程度、濒危程度、保护等级和生态系统类型等生物多样性敏感因子，借助GIS强大的空间数据采集和建模分析能力，在专家打分求取敏感因子权重基础上，通过空间模型计算生物多样性敏感度综合得分。基于二级流域综合得分最大值，采用ARCGIS自然间断点法实现敏感度分区，结果表明：极敏感区域主要分布在长江区的岷沱江、金沙江石鼓以下、金沙江石鼓以上、宜宾至宜昌、嘉陵江流域，珠江区的郁江、红柳河和西江流域，西南诸河区的澜沧江、红河和怒江及伊洛瓦底江流域，黄河区的龙羊峡以上流域等，这些区域水生生物特有种和受威胁物种丰度大，国家级自然保护区密集，是陆地生物多样性最丰富的地区。不敏感区域主要分布在松花江区除第二松花江以外流域，西北诸河区的塔里木盆地荒漠、古尔班通古特荒漠、中亚西亚内陆河、塔里木河干流等荒漠区，松花江区低温高寒，具有大森林、大草原、大湿地、大农田和大水域的特点，库坝工程对其生物多样性产生影响的可能性较小，西北诸河的荒漠区生境严酷，生物多样性贫乏，也不具备修建大型水库的条件，生物多样性敏感度也较低。其它区域介于二者之间，因其所处的生态系统类型、物种丰富度、珍稀程度、濒危程度和保护等级不一样，生物多样性敏感度各异。对流域库坝工程产生的生物多样性敏感度进行辨识，可为未来流域水资源合理和适度开发提供科学依据。;Ecological sensitivity refers to the reflection degree of the ecosystem to human activities and natural environment's changes; it explains the accessibility and possibility of the effect of regional ecological environment. Watershed ecological sensitivity is the degree of difficulty and possibility of ecological imbalance and environmental problems when the ecosystem encountered interference. Biodiversity is the most important ecological factor that can be affected by the Watershed ecological sensitivity. By considering the main biodiversity sensitive factors such as ecosystem types, species richness, rarity, endangered and protected level, this paper identified the ecological effects possibility of watershed dam and reservoir projects. By means of GIS technology's powerful and spatial data acquisition, processing and modeling analysis capabilities, the biodiversity sensitivity index was calculated based on the weights of the expert's score. Sensitivity partition was achieved in accordance with the principle of ARCGIS natural breaks methodology based on the secondary basin area maximum integrated sensitivity index. The results show that the most sensitive areas are mainly located at Min Tuo Jiang, Jinsha river Shigu downstream, Jinsha river Shigu upstream, Yibin to Yichang and Jialing River of Yangtze River region; Yujiang, Hongliuhe and Xijiang of Pearl River region; Lancang River, Red River, Nujiang and Irrawaddy River of Southwestern rivers region; Longyangxia's upstream of Yellow River region. These areas which have rich kinds of endemic aquatic species, threatened species and intensive national nature reserve, are the most abundant biodiversity areas. Insensitive areas are mainly at Songhua river region except the second Songhua river area, Tarim basin desert, Gurbantunggut desert, central & western Asian inland river and Mainstream of the Tarim River in Northwestern rivers region. The characteristics of Songhua river region are low temperature, forestclimate steppe climate, wet, big farmland and waters climate, and the engineering reservoirs are less likely to affect biodiversity. The desert areas in the Northwestern rivers region have harsh ecological and poor biodiversity enviroment, also an insufficient condition of building a large reservoir with a low biodiversity sensitivity.The sensitivity of other areas is between the two areas that mentioned above, different sensitivity of biodiversity depends on its ecosystem types, species richness, rarity, endangered and protected level. The main area in Songhua river region is insensitive area, which occupies 91.92% of total area. Liaohe area is mainly less sensitive area and sensitive area, the percentages are 52.83% and 47.17% respectively. The main area of Yellow river region is sensitive area, and Longyangxia to Lanzhou is more sensitive area. The main area of Yangtze River region and Pearl River region is the most sensitive area, the proportion percentage is 50.47% and 50.46% respectively. The more sensitive area of southeastern rivers region is 70.70% of the whole area. The most sensitive area in Southwestrn rivers has 46.57% of the Southwestern rivers area, and the sensitive area in Southwestern rivers is 53.43%. Qinghai Lake river system of the Northwestern rivers region is more sensitive area, the oasis on the edge of the desert and the piedmont area is sensitive area. It can be used to provide a scientific prove of reasonable and suitable development for the river water resource in the future by recognizing the biodiversity's susceptibility causing by reservoir engineering.

Africanized honey bees (Apis mellifera) have low infestation levels of the mite Varroa destructor in different ecological regions in Mexico

Honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies of African and European descent were compared for levels of Varroa destructor infestation in 3 different ecological regions in Mexico. The 300 colonies that were studied were located in subtropical, temperate sub-humid, and temperate dry climates. The morphotype and mitotype of adult bees as well as their rates of infestation by varroa mites were determined. Additionally, the number of combs with brood and covered with bees was recorded for each colony. The highest frequency of colonies that were classified as African-derived was found in the subtropical environment, whereas the lowest occurred in the temperate dry region. Overall, the colonies of African genotype had significantly lower mite infestation rates (3.5±0.34%) than the colonies of European genotype (4.7±0.49%) regardless of the region sampled. Significant effects of genotype and region on Varroa infestation rates were evident, and there were no differences in bee population or capped brood between genotypes. Mite infestation levels were significantly lower in the colonies of the temperate dry region than in the colonies of the other 2 regions. These results are discussed within the context of results from studies that were previously conducted in Brazil. This is the first study that demonstrates the effects of Africanization and ecological environment on V. destructor infestation rates in honey bee colonies in North America.

Research on the Ecological Protection Mechanism and Applied of Expansive Soil Slope

This paper summarizes and analyzes the basic concepts and ecological protection mechanism for expansion geotechnical slope failure mechanism and the resulting impact on the shallow, traction engineering properties such as analysis, proposed ecological slope of expansive soil slope mechanism of action: vegetation system by improving internal slope soil moisture and temperature changes affect the atmosphere and thus effectively reduce the depth. Vegetation root through reinforced anchoring, delay time and improving soil hydration ductility such as the role played good strength enhancement. Vegetation formation can effectively improve the damaged outer slope interface morphology, to restore the ecological environment and landscape effect. Integrating the past experience on expansive soil slope treatment, this paper provide a slope treatment method used in Nanning metro Tunli section, these will provide reference for the expansive soil slope ecological management.

Effect of ecological environment on upper stalk leaves quality and neutral aroma components of burley tobacco

Effect of ecological environment on upper stalk leaves quality and neutral aroma components of burley tobacco

Comparison of Two Genetic Maps of Soybean Constructed by RIL Populations Derived from Combinations of Peking×7605 under Two Ecological Sites

Molecular linkage maps provide a powerful tool for the analysis of plant genome structure and function, and it is im-portant to determine the effect of ecological environment on soybean genetic map construction. Two soybean recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations named "JN(RN)P7" and "NJ(RN)P7" were tested in this study, which were derived from Peking × 7605 at Jinan and Nanjing, respectively. One hundred and forty-five SSR markers and one morphologic marker (BSC) which had poly-morphism between parents were screened out to construct two genetic linkage maps using JoinMap 4.0 software. And we obtained two soybean genetic maps, which contained 27 and 25 of the linkage groups, respectively. The total length of two genetic maps was 1 574.80 and 1 682.50 cM, and the average distance between markers was 13.58 and 15.72 cM, respectively. The length of linkage group varied from 17.30 to 127.40 cM for JN(RN)P7, and from 20.10 to 137.50 cM for NJ(RN)P7. Both genetic maps were homologous with the public genetic map. The two maps constructed in this study were mostly coincident with each other, while certain differences were observed too, which indicated that there were some genetic structure differences between the two populations caused by the selection effect in various environments.

Comprehensive Evaluation Method Study of Urban Pavement Ecological Physical Environment (UPEPE)

The premise that analyzing and studying the factors that affect urban pavement ecological physical environment (UPEPE), UPEPE impact factors are the thermal environment, sound environment, light environment, eco-energy saving design. This paper establishes the evaluation method for UPEPE which is based on fuzzy math. We evaluate the quality of UPEPE comprehensively in this way. Heat, light, sound and other ecological and physical environment effects are very important for creating good quality physical environment in urban pavement. In this paper, according to the impact factors of the UPEPE and using the fuzzy mathematical theory on evaluating the UPEPE comprehensively can reflect the real situation more objectively and accurately. The construction of model is simple and practical. Comprehensive evaluation utilizes the combination of the general public survey and expert evaluation, which benefits to reflect the democratic spirit. It also provides the reference to improve the UPEPE.

The Principles and Measures about Ecology Regression of Urban Pavement

One of the important features of urbanization is the replacement of the original natural soil and vegetation by impermeable pavements, resulting in the changes of the permeability of natural soil and vegetation and bringing a series of ecological future trouble. Since the hard urban pavement occupies a considerably percentage of the whole area, its ecological environmental effect plays a very important role in the overall ecological environment of the city. As a result, the application of permeable pavements is an effective way to solve the problem of urban pavement ecological environment. This paper analyzed the environmental benefits of the permeable pavement and proposed the principles and technical measures about ecology regression of pavement. The measures contain maintaining the permeability of the water penetrate paths, establishing the criterion of the design and construction for penetrative pavements, improving the maintain technologies and so on.

Analyzing Ecological Environmental Effect of Coal Mine Closure

By means of reading literature, field survey, laboratory test and contrast study, the inevitability and seriousness of coal mine closure was summarized and the ecological environmental effects of coal mine closure especially of coal mine closure with underground mining were analyzed. Ecological environmental effects include water-environmental effects, atmospheric environmental effects, soil-environmental effects and the effects to land use and land cover changes.

High Speed Dry Cutting Technology Applications in Production

Green cutting processing technology is a kind of full consideration of the environmental and resource issues processing techniques, It requires throughout the process do to the environment pollution to the minimum and the utilization rate of the highest. In the machining process without any cutting fluid of dry cutting is control environmental pollution source of a green manufacturing process, it can have clean scraps, no pollution, save the cutting fluid and the processing of costs, can further reduce the production cost. Therefore, the future direction of the cutting process is not or with as little as you cutting fluids, and energetically develop on the ecological environment and human health negative effects of small, processing the superior performance of cutting fluids, and environmental work to completely harmless green cutting fluid development direction.

呼和浩特市生态环境质量对住宅价格的影响研究Impacts of Ecological & Environmental Quality on Estate Price in Hohhot City

生态环境质量及其对住宅区房价的影响已经成为当前研究的热点。了解土地价格和生态环境之间的关系，有助于优化城市土地利用。本研究通过对呼和浩特市六十多个小区生态环境以及房价的走访调查，并利用Google地图得到的十个小区距离水域和植物园的距离，通过线性回归方法，分析了城市生态环境质量对土地价值的影响。研究发现，城市环境质量与住宅区房价有着显著关联，但并不是唯一决定因素，包括地理区域位置以及基础设施配套在内等其他因素共同影响了住宅区房价。 Research about the environment quality of residential area and its relationship with the estate price of the area has been a hot topic. Studying the relationship between land price and ecological environment is helpful for optimizing urban land use. The study invested the environment quality and estate price of more than sixty residential areas of Hohhotcity. And we also got distance data away from Water and Botanical garden from Google Earth. Using linear regression, we analyzed the effect of ecological environment on the city land price. The results showed that environment quality was not the only but one of the most important factors for estate price of residential area. Other factors, such as regional location and infrastructure support- ing, together with environment quality affected the estate price.

Cultivated land quantity niche regulation and its environmental effect

The change in the quantity of cultivated land influences the structure, function and evolvement of ecosystem. The rational change in the quantity of cultivated land will be propitious to ecological security and sustainable development, and irrational change will deteriorate ecological environment. The concept of cultivated land quantity niche regulation was firstly put forward based on niche theory and the action-feedback mechanism between cultivated land quantity niche and cultivated land benefit niche. Then, the regulation measures of cultivated land quantity niche were brought forward in rural-urban area, agro-forest area and consolidation-reclamation-exploitation area. Finally, the ecological environmental effect after regulation was analyzed. The results show that different measures should be taken to regulate cultivated land quantity niche in different areas. The economic and social benefit niche of cultivated land should be promoted to regulate cultivated land quantity niche in rural-urban area and consolidation-reclamation-exploitation area. The social benefit niche of cultivated land should be reduced in agro-forest area. The regulation goal of cultivated land quantity niche will be attained by different measures.

A Theoretical Study of the Sustainable Use of Biomass Energy by Rural Households in China

Biomass energy is an important component of household energy consumption in rural areas of China. However, under current exploitation levels, the energy source is beset with both theoretical and practical challenges, and its sustainable utilization is seriously restricted. One key to solving this problem is the establishment of a theoretical framework for the sustainable use of biomass energy by rural households. Based on the new viewpoint that biomass energy is a type of ‘weakly’ renewable energy, this paper provides the first theoretical basis outlining the sustainable use of biomass energy in rural households, including systems theory, the theory of ecological carrying capacity, the utility theory, the theory of ecological economics and the theory of natural resource values. The relationships among these theories are also discussed. In addition, four conditions governing the theoretical sustainable use of biomass energy by rural households are analyzed: the sustainability of the resource supply, the sustainability of biomass energy production, the sustainability of consumer acceptance, and the sustainability of ecological environmental effects.

Study on a Landscape-Designed Ecological Barrier for Remediation of Micro-Polluted Water

As the lake water of Yuyuantan Park of Beijing has became micro-polluted water after the cycles of social landscape and the micro-polluted water run into the Kunyu River, the research adopts a method of manual simulation to treatment the micro-polluted water with a new-type of compound pattern we call landscape-designed ecological barrier which consists of ecological pond and constructed wetland . In order to weak the adverse effects of micro-polluted water on natural water, this new-type of compound pattern forms a landscape-designed ecological barrier. After 5 months experiment, results show that the landscape-designed ecological barrier has a better removal of pollutants. The removal rates of COD, TN and TP respectively reached 65.2% ~ 73.6%, 62.5% ~ 66.0% and 70.0% ~ 80.0%. And the effluent quality can reach III - IV water-quality of environmental quality standards for surface water(GB3838-2002). In Autumn, the concentration of CODCr, TN and TP in effluent sustain at IV water-quality of environmental quality standards for surface water(GB3838-2002), and at the same time create artificial landscape water with environmental aesthetic and ornamental value, bring the benefit of water resources as well as positive ecological environment effects into full play synthetically.

Changes of forest land use and ecosystem service values along Lao-Chinese border: A case study of Luang Namtha Province, Lao PDR

Forest cover and land use change directly impact biological diversity worldwide, contribute to climate change and affect the ability of biological systems to support human needs by altering ecosystem services. Given the forest land use characteristics and ecosystem types in Luang Namtha Province, Lao PDR, the forest cover and land cover category of Luang Namtha Province were divided into six classes, i.e., current forest (CF), potential forest (PF), other wooded areas (OW), permanent agricultural land (PA), other non-forest areas (NF) and water (W). In first instance, earlier geographic information data (GIS data) of forest cover and land use during 1992 and 2002 was obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF), Lao PDR. Two steps of forest land use change assessment were conducted by the MAF, i.e., plot sampling on satellite image maps (SIMs) to detect the changes of forest cover and land use during 1992 and 2002 for the entire Luang Namtha Province and field verification in order to identify causes of the changes. Secondly, dynamic information of the forest land cover changes during this ten-year period was calculated by means of map algebra in ArcGIS 9.2. Thirdly, based on the theory of ecosystem service functions and the service function values of different global ecosystems, the value of the six forest cover and land use categories in the province was obtained. Finally, ecological environmental effects, produced by the regional land cover changes over the study period, were calculated.

The status and perspective of research on crop molecular ecology

从分子水平研究作物与环境的关系及其作用规律已成为当代作物栽培学研究的重要内容，也是现代分子生态学的热点问题之一。作者从作物生长发育相关基因的遗传生态特性入手，着重分析在作物生长发育过程中的遗传分子生态特性与环境分子生态效应，在此基础上，提出应根据各作物各生长发育阶段相关基因的遗传生态特性，制定科学的调控技术，以实现作物高产、优质、高效、环境友好、安全的生产目的。并进一步阐述了当前作物分子生态学亟待解决的几个理论问题及主攻方向。

Complementary Equipment for Computer Electrocardiography

The effect of a hostile ecological environment on the entire human body and its separate organs and systems is currently being comprehensively studied. To elucidate this problem, being new methods and equipment are necessary. In particular, much attention is being given to computer electrocardiography. Below, an attachment for a commercial single-channel electrocardiograph intended for the transfer of cardiosignals to a computer for the analysis of electrocardiograms by digital methods is presented. The significant extension of the capabilities of the electrocardiograph for earlier disease diagnostics is described.

Converting Industry to Environmental Impact Assessment

Successive inquiries into the problems associated with population, growth, resources, and environment, have stressed the need for new environmental management policies and techniques. Environmental impact assessment, whose evolution is briefly described in this paper, will be a vital ingredient in any transition to an environmentally sustainable world order.There is a substantial and growing literature on the use of environmental impact assessment methods, although relatively little has been written on the increasing use of such methods by industry in some countries— often without any direct compulsion by Government. A range of examples of the industrial use of environmental impact assessment are reviewed, and the conclusion is drawn that properly designed methods can help industry to meet its own basic objectives of survival, profit, and growth.While there are considerable problems associated with the prediction of ecological and other environmental effects, particularly where the baseline data are inadequate or non-existent, the experience of a growing number of companies and other industrial organizations does suggest that environmental impact assessment is increasingly recognized as an indispensable management tool in those industries which are likely to meet environmental resistance in their development planning operations.

St. Gotthard tunnel

A large number of abandoned mines with sizeable underground space resources were formed in China. Meanwhile, for an operational mine, the protection and utilization of mine water resources are increasingly important for ecological environment construction. The coal industry faces difficulties regarding safe and efficient utilization of abandoned mine resources and protection of the ecological environment in the operational mines. As a solution to these problems, underground water reservoirs (UWRs) technology were proposed and implemented. There are three underground space utilization modes based on UWRs: storage and filtration of mine water, pumped hydroelectric storage plants system and geothermal utilization model. This paper provides a review of existing research literature and thought on the UWRs design, construction and operation. The main underground space for UWRs in China is the caving zone formed by longwall mining. Compared with previous UWRs that utilized the tunnel as the main space, the storage capacity is larger and the gangue in the caving zone can be used to purify the mine water. However, the stress environment of the UWRs in the caving zone is more complex, and the stability of the surrounding rock is relatively poor. Therefore, there are many key elements in UWRs construction and operation. Storage capacity calculation, coal pillar dam stability, water quality evolution are the principal issues. Additionally, the feasibility analysis including ecological environment effects and economic evaluation should be carried out before UWRs construction in coal mines. Based on the current development of UWRs and the future utilization of underground space in China, the prospects for UWRs in operational and abandoned mines are presented.