Eco-friendly Corrosion Inhibitor Research Articles

Rosmarinus officinalis l. Oil as an Eco-Friendly corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic Solution: Experimental and computational studies

In this research, Rosmarinus officinalis L. (ROL) essential oil extracted from the plant was initially introduced as a green anti-corrosion agent for mild steel (MS) in a 1 M HCl solution. The components of the extract were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and UV–Vis method. Gravimetric and electrochemical techniques (EIS and PDP) demonstrated that ROL inhibited steel corrosion by 90 % at a concentration of 1.5 g/l. The PDP experiment indicated that ROL essential oil acted as a mixed-type inhibitor with a cathodic predominance. The morphological and elemental characteristics of the metal surface were examined using SEM and EDX, revealing the formation of a corrosion-resistant film on the metal surface. The inhibited corrosive solutions were characterised before and after immersing MS using UV–visible spectrophotometry, indicating the possibility of iron-ROL complex formation. Finally, theoretical calculations using DFT, MC, and MD simulations were conducted and correlated with experimental results.

Experimental Study and Response Surface Methodology of Azo Dye as an Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Stainless Steel in a Chloride Solution

Experimental Study and Response Surface Methodology of Azo Dye as an Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Stainless Steel in a Chloride Solution

An overview of green corrosion inhibitors

Corrosion inhibitors that are eco-friendly have become increasingly important due to growing environmental awareness and various regulations that restrict the use of conventional corrosion inhibitors because of their harmful effects. Natural products are a great source for making eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors since they contain elements such as O, C, N, and S, which are essential for forming organic compounds that adhere to metals or alloys. These compounds form a protective film that prevents corrosion. The use of green chemistry and new synthetic methods for producing green chemicals has led to the development of new green corrosion inhibitors. These inhibitors can adsorb substances, making them effective in a variety of environments while also protecting metals and alloys that are not chemically related.

Effectiveness of Red Dragon Fruit Peel Extract as an Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for API 5L Steel

The development of organic or natural inhibitors is essential due to their cost-effectiveness and eco-friendliness. In this study, an organic inhibitor derived from red dragon fruit peel waste is employed. The material of interest is heat-treated API 5L Grade B steel. The research assesses the inhibitor’s efficiency in corrosive environments, namely 3.5‰ NaCl solution and pH 3 HCl solution, with varying inhibitor concentrations (5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm). Using Tafel analysis and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), it is found that the addition of red dragon fruit peel extract substantially reduces the corrosion rate. The highest efficiency is observed in the 3.5‰ NaCl solution (62.4%) and pH 3 HCl solution (87.73%), accompanied by charge transfer resistances of 2.47 x 106 Ω and 1.79 x 103 Ω, respectively. Immersion tests reveal corrosion products, subsequently examined using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to identify lepidocrocite phases in the 3.5‰ NaCl solution and magnetite phases in the pH 3 HCl solution. This research supports the development of environmentally friendly and effective natural corrosion inhibitors for protecting steel materials in corrosive conditions.

Shrimp shell waste as a potential corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acid solution

Application of corrosion inhibitor is a common method to minimize corrosion reaction of steel in aqueous environments. Research for an effective eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor is required due to the toxicity issues of the most commercially available corrosion inhibitors. Many recent studies have shown that various food waste can be utilized as corrosion inhibitors. Extracting inhibitor compounds from food waste is definitely low cost, less harm, and environmentally beneficial. One example of corrosion inhibitor derived from food waste is a water-soluble chitosan (WSC) inhibitor, which can be extracted from Crustacean shells. This study used shrimp shell waste to extract WSC and test the effectiveness on inhibiting corrosion of mild steel in acid solution. The weight loss method was employed at various inhibitor concentrations and solution types. The overall findings in this study indicate that the WSC extracted from shrimp shell exhibits a good inhibition performance in 0.5 M HCl solution with the efficiency up to 94.31% at a concentration of 3 g/l at room temperature. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and 2.2.7 UV-visible spectroscopy analysis showed that WSC molecules adsorbed on the steel surface and hinder the corrosion reactions.

Expired amoxicillin as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for cast steel in sulfuric acid environment: electrochemical, surface and thermodynamic studies

Expired amoxicillin as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for cast steel in sulfuric acid environment: electrochemical, surface and thermodynamic studies

Synergistic effect of Gleichenia linearis Burm. leaf extract and iodide ion as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in hydrochloric acid medium

Synergistic effect of Gleichenia linearis Burm. leaf extract and iodide ion as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in hydrochloric acid medium

(Invited) Multiscale Electrochemical Analysis of Sol-Gel Films Modified with Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitors for Active Corrosion Protection of AZ61 Magnesium Alloy

The use of magnesium and its alloys has increased in recent years due to their low weight, high strength, excellent machinability, and high dimensional durability. Therefore, they have found application in communications, automotive and aerospace industries, among others. However, their high negative reduction potentials, low chemical stability, and the unstable native oxide films have limited their use, particularly in applications that require high corrosion resistance.1 -3 The application of sol-gel coatings has shown to be an effective method to overcome this problem. In this context, the aim of this study was to develop sol-gel thin-films doped with ecological corrosion inhibitors for corrosion protection of AZ61 alloy surfaces. The objective was to determine whether these new systems could provide an alternative to the replacement of chromates, surface pre-treatments and chemical conversion coatings that contain conventional corrosion inhibitors, which are currently being questioned for their harmfulness to health and the environment.4 Methyltriethoxysilane (MTEOS) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) were used as precursors to produce sols, which were then modified with active corrosion protection dopants. Eco-benign corrosion inhibitors, such as L-cysteine (L-Cys), lanthanum (III) acetate hydrate, and lanthanum (III) isopropoxide were incorporated in the sol-gel matrix as dopants. A set of sol-gel coatings was modified with a common dopant, benzotriazole (BTA), for comparison purposes, as it is a well-known effective corrosion inhibitor. However, this chemical compound is known to be carcinogenic and toxic to flora and fauna, and its use is currently being restricted today in compliance with environmental protection regulations.5,6 The resulting sols were processed and deposited on AZ61 substrates by dip-coating technique, producing transparent sol-gel thin-films. The thickness of the films was evaluated by interference of reflection spectra. Their chemical composition was characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), while surface chemical composition and oxidation state of elements present at the outermost surface nanolayers was also analysed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The structural and thermal characterization of the doped thin-films were respectively analysed by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA).The corrosion protection behaviour of the sol-gel coatings during immersion tests in 0.006 M and 0.6 M NaCl aqueous solutions was studied using a multiscale electrochemical approach. Global electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used for macroscopic scale characterisation. Localised electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS and LEIM) was used for the characterisation at micro- and sub-microscopic scales using an electrochemical minicell system and a scanning electrochemical workstation.The texture and microstructure of coated samples before and after corrosion tests were observed by optical and scanning electron microscopies (OM and SEM), while topography and coating roughness were analysed by atomic force microscopy (AFM).In terms of corrosion resistance, similar results were obtained with sol-gel thin-films doped with lanthanum acetate or lanthanum isopropoxide. The synthesis method of the acetate-doped gels is much simpler and cheaper, so from a practical standpoint, these sol-gel thin-films could be more interesting. On the other hand, highly satisfactory results were obtained with gels doped with non-toxic L-Cys compared with those doped with BTA. Finally, it is noteworthy that an interesting synergistic effect was observed in the corrosion protection of the AZ61 alloy in sol-gel coatings that were doped with metal-organic inhibitors and loaded with organic inhibitors (L-Cys or BTA).As a concluding remark, this study has provided an effective and environmentally friendly solution for the active corrosion protection of the AZ61 alloy. Sol-gel thin-films doped with eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors have showed promising results in extending the durability of AZ61 alloy while being sustainable. The multiscale electrochemical approach used has provided a comprehensive understanding of the active corrosion protection behaviour and the self-healing properties of sol-gel coatings, which can be extended to other materials and systems. Funding Sources This work has been supported by the Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCINN, Spain) through the Project PID2019-104717RB-I00. References Feliu Jr., S., Maffiotte, C., Samaniego, A., Galván, J.C., Barranco, V. Acta, 56 (12) (2011) 4554-4565 Stojadinović, S., Vasilić, R., Radić-Perić, J., Perić, M. Coat. Technol., 273 (1) (2015), pp. 1-11 Toorani, M., Aliofkhazraei, M., Naderi, R., Golabadi, M., Sabour Rouhaghdam, A. Ind. Eng. Chem., 53, (2017) pp. 213-227 Vaghefinazari, B., Wierzbicka, E., Visser, P., Posner, R., Arrabal, R., Matykina, E., Mohedano, M., Blawert, C., Zheludkevich, M., Lamaka, S. Materials, 15 (23) (2022), art. no. 8676 Albini, M., Letardi, P., Mathys, L., Brambilla, L., Schröter, J., Junier, P., Joseph, E. Corrosion Sci., 143 (2018), pp. 84-92Tan, L., Sun, Y., Li, J., Han, S., Zhou, X., Tang, Y., Zeng, X. Langmuir, 39 (2023), 2579-2588

Evaluation of corrosion inhibition efficiency of chitosan oligosaccharide-derived quaternary ammonium vanillyl aldehyde oligosaccharide derivative for CO2 corrosion control

This study presents the synthesis of a non-toxic, water-soluble chitosan oligosaccharide derivative, quaternary ammonium vanillyl aldehyde oligosaccharide (GCOS), using chitosan oligosaccharide, vanillin, and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride as precursors, aimed at serving as a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor. The successful synthesis of the derivative was confirmed through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) analysis. The corrosion inhibition properties of GCOS on 20# carbon steel were investigated in a 60 °C CO2-saturated 3.0 wt% NaCl solution employing an array of methods including weight loss measurements, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), electrochemical characterization, and molecular dynamics simulation. Additionally, the synergistic effect of protonated GCOS with halide ion Cl- on corrosion inhibition was analyzed at the molecular level. The results indicated an enhancement in inhibition efficiency with increasing concentrations of the inhibitor. Weight loss measurements showed a maximum inhibition efficiency of 90.9% at 200 ppm of GCOS after 3 days. The adsorption of GCOS on the carbon steel surface was found to follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, predominantly through chemisorption. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements classified GCOS as a mixed-type inhibitor, affecting both anodic and cathodic reactions by blocking the active corrosion sites. SEM and AFM analyses confirmed the formation of a protective inhibitor film on the metal surface. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations elucidated the synergistic corrosion inhibition effect between the protonated GCOS molecules and Cl- ions in the acidic solution.

Corrosion protection of Daphne Gnidium leaf extract encapsulated with beidellite clay: An effective pigment for a long-lasting and eco-friendly coating formulation

The development of eco-efficient and environmentally friendly active anticorrosion coatings for metal substrates represents a fundamental step in many engineering applications. In this work, a novel corrosion inhibitor was elaborated beidellite clay (Na-BDT) and an aqueous extract of Daphne Gnidium (DGE). The modification of the clay by DGE was monitored and characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV/visible spectroscopy (UV/Vis), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques. The results showed that the clay modification was successfully achieved, with a DGE adsorbed amount of approximately 99 mg/g. Mild steel is effectively protected against corrosion in 0.1 M NaCl solution thanks to the progressive release of DGE, resulting in the lowest corrosion current density (7.22 µA/cm2) and the highest charge transfer resistance (7.20 kΩ.cm2) after 48 h of immersion. The calculated inhibition efficiency reaches a maximum of approximately 83 %. DGE-modified clay (DGE-BDT) was then dispersed into an alkyd resin (5 wt%) to enhance the corrosion protection of mild steel. The anti-corrosion performance was maintained over a long period of time and remains higher than that of the coating containing a commercial triphosphate aluminum (TPA) corrosion inhibitor.This study demonstrates the potential of encapsulating natural extracts as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor with high performance capabilities.

Modified nano-lignin as a novel biomass-derived corrosion inhibitor for enhanced corrosion resistance of carbon steel

Methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloric modified nano-lignin corrosion inhibitor (DMC-NL) is prepared and firstly applied as a novel biomass-derived corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in HCl solution. Nanosizing and modification processes can enhance its anticorrosion ability, the corrosion inhibition efficiency increases with additive amount and can reach 95.3 ± 0.9% for 15 mg/L. DMC-NL is belonging to the mixed-type corrosion inhibitor and its anti-corrosion ability gradually increases with immersion time. The dense film with two-tier structure forms on metal surface by interactions between N and Fe atoms. This work provides the new insight and opportunity of development of biomass-derived eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor.

Sulfonated Zinc Phthalocyanine Coating as an Efficient and Ecofriendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Copper Surfaces: An In Silico Led Design and Its Experimental Validation.

The current study highlights the successful integration of an in silico design with experimental validation to create a highly effective corrosion inhibitor for copper (Cu) surfaces. The synthesized sulfonated zinc phthalocyanine (Zn-Pc) is electrochemically characterized and demonstrates an impressive 97% inhibition efficiency, comparable to the widely used industrial corrosion inhibitor, BTA, for Cu surfaces. The corrosion inhibition is comprehensively analyzed through potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy techniques, supported by their respective equivalent circuits. Furthermore, the sample undergoes thorough characterization using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and atomic force microscopy. Density functional theory calculations reveal that sulfonated Zn-Pc exhibits the highest interaction energy, underscoring its exceptional inhibition properties. These results open possibilities for utilizing computational methods to design and optimize corrosion inhibitors for protection of Cu surfaces.

1,2,3-triazolyl-linked benzimidazolone derivatives as new eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1 M HCl solution: Experimental and computational studies

Three heterocyclic derivatives of 1,2,3-triazolyl-linked benzimidazolone, named Ph-TLB, OCH3Ph-TLB, and NO2Ph-TLB, were studied for their ability to inhibit corrosion of mild steel (MS) in a 1 M HCl solution using various techniques, including potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis. The results showed that all three derivatives were effective inhibitors of corrosion, with NO2Ph-TLB showing the highest inhibition effectiveness (96.6 %) and followed by Ph-TLB (95.2 %) and OCH3Ph-TLB (92.6 %) at an optimal concentration of 10−4 M and a temperature of 298 K. The PDP curves obtained in the presence of different organic compounds revealed that the inhibitors were of a mixed nature. The inhibitors were found to adsorb onto the surface of MS according to the Langmuir isotherm, and their adsorption and thermodynamic parameters were evaluated. SEM-EDX and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies show the adsorption of studied compounds which forms a protective layer over the mils steel surface. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were applied to analyse the interactions of synthesized inhibitors with MS surface along with corrosive species as it happens in the corrosive environment. In addition, The Fukui indices were computed for the determination of the most plausible nucleophilic and electrophilic attack sites.

Experimental, DFT and molecular dynamic simulation of Andrographis paniculata as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in artificial seawater

At present, one of the crucial goals in the field of corrosion control practices is to develop sustainable, non-degradable and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors. Herein, Andrographis paniculata essential oil developed from the leaf part was investigated as an excellent corrosion inhibitor to prevent or reduce corrosion on the surface of mild steel when exposed to artificial seawater. Several characterizations were used to examine the efficacy of the materials, including the classical weight loss study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to an energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), density functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamic (MD) simulation and antimicrobial assessment using the disk-diffusion method. The findings indicate that the inhibitors act as mixed-type inhibitors that follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Furthermore, the corrosion inhibition potential of major compounds present in the inhibitor was also geometrically optimized and calculated. Last but not least, through the antimicrobial test against 6 bacteria, the extract achieved excellent results against all bacteria, with the highest efficiency recorded at 65.10 % against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Improve corrosion resistance of steel bars in simulated concrete pore solution by the addition of EDTA intercalated CaAl-LDH

The main perspective of this paper is to prepare an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor suitable for reinforced concrete. The properties of CaAl-LDHs loaded with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) synthesized under different conditions were studied and the optimal condition was determined. Electrochemical tests showed that CaAl-EDTA-LDH had excellent anti-corrosion properties for steel bars in the simulated concrete pore (SCP) solution. Mechanistically, the dual protection mechanism of CaAl-EDTA-LDH on steel bars was mainly due to the fact that the organic corrosion inhibitor adsorbed on the surface of steel bars to form a protective film while consolidating chlorides.

Corrosion mitigation of peanut shell extract as a novel effective corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in sulfuric acid medium

The extract of peanut shell extract (PSE) is firstly utilized as a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for the mitigation of corrosion on carbon steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid medium. The corrosion inhibition performance and adsorption properties of PSE were researched via weight loss, electrochemical measurements and surface characterization analysis. It is demonstrated that the PSE acts as a mixed type inhibitor with a superb inhibition ability of 95 % with the addition of 300 mg/L PSE. The adsorption of the active ingredients in PSE on steel surface contributes to effective corrosion inhibition. The outstanding inhibition efficiency and straightforward extraction method with environment-friendly solvent convincingly demonstrate that the PSE possesses promising application prospects to be a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor in industrial corrosion mitigation.

Aloe vera mucilage as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for bronze in chloride media: Combining experimental and theoretical researches

Aloe vera (L.) Burm.F. (=Aloe barbadensis Mill.), a widely recognized medicinal plant, holds a prominent position due to its potent cosmetic and medicinal attributes. The objective of this work is to develop a new eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for bronze B66 that is non-toxic, simple to apply, cost-effective, stable, and reversible. To achieve this goal, we initially devised an improved and cost-efficient method for extracting Aloe vera mucilage (AVM). Then we tested as corrosion inhibitor for bronze B66 in 3 % NaCl using gravimetric measurements, electrochemical methods and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-Ray analysis (EDX). The electrochemical assessments validated the findings from the gravimetric analysis and demonstrated that our inhibitor significantly modifies the electrochemical process mechanism at the B66/3% NaCl interface. The corrosion rate of bronze decreases with the inhibitor's presence, and its inhibitory effectiveness amplifies with higher concentrations, reaching an efficiency of 86 % at 750 ppm. The mechanism of metallic copper and corrosion Acemannan inhibitor was explored through DFT studies and molecular dynamics simulation.

Expired butamirate drug as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in seawater: Experimental and theoretical studies

In this work, an expired butamirate drug (EBD) was used as a corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in artificial seawater (3.5% NaCl solution). The corrosion rate was evaluated as a function of temperature and inhibitor concentrations using the electrochemical polarization technique. These data indicated that the EBD acts as a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor with a slight effect on the cathodic reaction. Corrosion current densities increased with temperature and decreased with inhibitor concentration. At a temperature of 328 K and an inhibitor concentration of 24 ml/l, the maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency was 84.4%. The cyclic polarization test confirmed the greater pitting resistance in the presence of butamirate drugs in solution. Adsorption studies showed that EBD adsorbed chemically on the metal surface following the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Electronic microscopy showed enhancements in the surface morphology in the presence of EBD. While FTIR was used for the diagnosis of functional groups in EBD and surface corrosion products. In addition, theoretical quantum chemical calculations were used as a powerful tool to support the experimental studies.

Water-soluble chitosan salt as ecofriendly corrosion inhibitor for N80 pipeline steel in artificial sea water: Experimental and theoretical approach

Chitosan, as a proficient biopolymer, has enormous potential as an ecofriendly corrosion inhibitor (CI), but their limited solubility restricts practical applications. Herein, an eco-friendly and water-soluble chitosan salt (CS) was utilized as a green CI on N80 pipeline steel in artificial sea water. Several structural and surface analytical tools were engaged in describing the characteristics of novel CS polymer. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies of CS on steel at different concentrations were investigated through gravimetric, conventional and advanced electrochemical techniques along with the surface analyses. Tafel polarization tests specified that CS performed as mixed-type CI with prevalent anodic inhibition characteristics. At a concentration of 1000 ppm, CS provided an inhibition efficiency (IE) of 96.68 %, following physiochemical adsorptions of CS on N80 surface validated by fitting Langmuir adsorption isotherm. However, the reductions in the values of IE at high temperature specified that the CS is the temperature dependent CIs. Scanning electrochemical microscopic evaluation confirmed the formation of thin CS inhibitors films with high electrochemical stability on N80 steel in saline. The performed surface characterizations on inhibited surfaces validated the adsorption of CS on the N80 surface by forming thin inhibitor film to obstruct metal corrosion. The theoretical simulation studies using molecular dynamics and density functional theory corroborated the experimentally obtained results.

Experimental and theoretical study on corrosion inhibition and adsorption performance of Ipomoea batatas L. leaf extract for mild steel

Recent years have seen a surge in interest in efficient, green, and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors, leading to extensive research on plant extracts. This study investigates the active phytochemicals in abundant Ipomoea batatas L. leaves, which were extracted with ultrasonics using an ethanol–water solution and applied to mitigate the corrosion of mild steel (MS) in a 1 M HCl pickling solution. The chemical compositions and corrosion inhibition properties of the leaf extract of Ipomoea batatas L. (IBLE) were explored through multiple experiments, and the adsorption thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were analysed. Electrochemical results indicated that the corrosion inhibition mechanism of IBLE is a geometric coverage effect; IBLE acts as a mixed-corrosion inhibitor; and the inhibition efficiency increases with extract concentration and solution temperature, reaching up to 96.4 % at 318 K. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed the adsorption of C=C, C–N, C–N+, C=N, C=N+, C=O, C=O+, C–O, C–O+, Fe-N and other carbonaceous groups on the steel surface. Surface observation confirmed that IBLE can effectively retard steel corrosion. The adsorption analysis revealed that the protective film is a monolayer that follows the Langmuir isotherm, and the oriented adsorption of active ingredients enhances the order of the MS surface. Density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted to examine the relationship between inhibition and adsorption of IBLE. The theoretical calculations confirmed that the active compounds in IBLE can adsorb on the Fe (110) surface through physical patterns and by sharing charges with iron to form coordinate bonds. The adsorption abilities of different ingredients vary, but all exhibit synergistic adsorption effects. IBLE can be considered an efficient and renewable corrosion inhibitor for MS in HCl pickling media.