Eco-environmental Effect Research Articles

Eco-environmental effect and driving factors of changing “production-living-ecological space” in northern Xinjiang, China

Eco-environmental effect and driving factors of changing “production-living-ecological space” in northern Xinjiang, China

Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) from vegetation fire and its differences from WSOC in natural media: Spectral comparison and self-organizing maps (SOM) classification

Vegetation fire frequently occurs globally and produces two types of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) including black carbon WSOC (BC-WSOC) and smoke-WSOC, they will eventually enter the surface environment (soil and water) and participate in the eco-environmental processes on the earth surface. Exploring the unique features of BC-WSOC and smoke-WSOC is critical and fundamental for understanding their eco-environmental effects. Presently, their differences from the natural WSOC of soil and water remain unknown. This study produced various BC-WSOC and smoke-WSOC by simulating vegetation fire and used UV–vis, fluorescent EEM-PARAFAC, and fluorescent EEM-SOM to analyze their different features from natural WSOC of soil and water. The results showed that the maximum yield of smoke-WSOC reached about 6600 folds that of BC-WSOC after a vegetation fire event. The increasing burning temperature decreased the yield, molecular weight, polarity, and protein-like matters abundance of BC-WSOC and increased the aromaticity of BC-WSOC, but presented a negligible effect on the features of smoke-WSOC. Furthermore, compared with natural WSOC, BC-WSOC had a greater aromaticity, smaller molecular weight, and more humic-like matters, while smoke-WSOC had a lower aromaticity, smaller molecular size, higher polarity, and more protein-like matters. EEM-SOM analysis indicated that the ratio between the fluorescence intensity at Ex/Em: 275 nm/320 nm and the sum fluorescence intensity at Ex/Em: 275 nm/412 nm and Ex/Em: 310 nm/420 nm could effectively differentiate WSOC of different sources, following the order of smoke-WSOC (0.64–11.38) > water-WSOC and soil-WSOC (0.06–0.76) > BC-WSOC (0.0016–0.04). Hence, BC-WSOC and smoke-WSOC possibly directly alter the quantity, properties, and organic compositions of WSOC in soil and water. Owing to smoke-WSOC having far greater yield and bigger difference from natural WSOC than BC-WSOC, the eco-environmental effect of smoke-WSOC deposition should be given more attention after a vegetation fire.

Eco-Environmental Effect Evaluation of Tamarix chinesis Forest on Coastal Saline-Alkali Land Based on RSEI Model.

Taking representative Tamarix chinensis forest in the national-level special protection zone for ocean ecology of Changyi city in Shandong province of China as the objective, this research studied how to use remote sensing technology to evaluate natural eco-environment and analyze spatiotemporal variation. In the process of constructing the index system of ecological environment effect evaluation based on RSEI (Remote Sensing Ecological Index) model, AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth), Salinity, Greenness, Wetness, Heat and Dryness, which can represent the ecological environment of the reserve, were selected as the corresponding indexes. In order to accurately obtain the value of the RSEI of the study area and to retain the information of the original indexes to the greatest extent, the SPCA (spatial principal components analysis) method was applied in this research. Finally, the RSEI was applied to evaluate the ecological and environmental effects and to analyze the spatial characteristics and spatiotemporal evolution of the study area. The results not only provide scientific evidence and technical guidance for the protection, transformation and management of the Tamarix chinensis forest in the protection zone but also push the development of the universal model of the ecological environment quality with a remote sensing evaluation index system at a regional scale.

Study on Eco-Environmental Effects of Land-Use Transitions and Their Influencing Factors in the Central and Southern Liaoning Urban Agglomeration: A Production–Living–Ecological Perspective

From the perspective of the production–living–ecological space, this paper reclassifies the land-use categories in the central and southern Liaoning urban agglomeration in the years 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2018. It then quantitatively analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of land-use transitions by adopting the land-use transfer matrix and other methods. This paper further uses the eco-environmental quality index and ecological contribution rate to explore the eco-environmental effects of the land-use transition. Finally, it identifies the influencing factors of the eco-environmental effect and the spatial differentiation law of the effect in the study area through the multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model. The main conclusions reached are as follows: (1) During the study period, a slow increase was seen in the ecological land of the central and southern Liaoning urban agglomeration. A sharp decline occurred in the production land, and a rapid rise was found in the living land. (2) From 1990 to 2018, the eco-environmental quality index in the study region showed significant spatial differentiation, with the distribution characteristics being high in the east and low in the west. The areas have expanded and spread along the Shenyang-Dalian axis to form medium-low quality agglomerations. The encroachment of agricultural production land and urban and rural living land on forest ecological land is the main contributor to the deterioration of the eco-environmental quality during the study period. (3) Compared with the geographically weighted regression model and the ordinary least squares model, a remarkable advancement can be seen in the MGWR model, which is more suitable for research on the influencing factors of eco-environmental quality. In addition, different influencing factors have significant spatial differences in the degree and scale of impact.

Dual functional cobalt-yttrium binary oxide activation of peroxymonosulfate for degradation of phenylphosphonic acid and simultaneous adsorption of phosphate product

Cobalt-yttrium binary oxide (CYBO) was successfully fabricated, which exhibited excellent catalytic performance in the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and superior adsorption capacity towards phosphate (116.3 mg-P/g). The results demonstrated that a complete degradation of phenylphosphonic acid (PPOA) within 30 min and a thorough removal of phosphate product within 60 min could be realized in the system of CYBO/PMS. CYBO also possessed superb reusability and stability, and no decline of the PPOA degradation and phosphate removal was observed during 5 cycles at initial pH 7. The decomposition of PPOA and the adsorption of phosphate were strongly dependent on solution pH. In an initial pH range of 3 to 7, both PPOA and phosphate product could be efficiently removed. However, almost no PPOA was degraded at initial pH 11. SO4•−, •OH, and 1O2 (especially SO4•− and •OH) were identified as main reactive oxygen species responsible for the PPOA degradation and the formation of phosphate product. The produced phosphate was simultaneously eliminated via anion/ligand exchange. Combined with identification of PPOA degradation intermediates via HPLC-QTOF-MS2, the calculation of frontier electron densities based on Density Functional Theory was used for proposing reasonable degradation pathways. In addition, the toxicity assessment via Toxicity Estimation Software Tool was utilized to appraise eco-environmental effect. Our findings may shed some light towards the application of CYBO in the control of organophosphorus pollution and the reduction of water eutrophication.

Multi-scenario Simulation of Land Use Change and Its Eco-environmental Effect in Hainan Island Based on CA-Markov Model

Multi-scenario Simulation of Land Use Change and Its Eco-environmental Effect in Hainan Island Based on CA-Markov Model

Influence of river-lake isolation on the water level variations of Caizi Lake, lower reach of the Yangtze River

In order to explore the water level variations of Caizi Lake under river-lake isolation, the monthly water level of the Chefuling station in Caizi Lake from 1989 to 2018 and the daily water level, rainfall and flow of local hydrological stations in 2018 were analyzed by using the Mann-Kendall trend test and wavelet analysis. Results showed that the difference of the average water level of Caizi Lake between the flood and dry seasons was 3.34 m, with a multi-year average water level of 10.42 m above sea level. The first and second main periods of the water level of Caizi Lake were 128 and 18 months, respectively, with 4 and 29 “up-down” cycles, respectively. From 2018, the next 3–4 years were likely to be the low water level period. The water level of Caizi Lake was significantly correlated with that of the Anqing hydrological station of the Yangtze River (r=0.824, P<0.01). In addition, the current hydrological staging of Caizi Lake was about 30 days behind than before the sluice was built. Under the dual influences of the river-lake isolation and the Yangtze-to-Huaihe Water Diversion Project (YHWD), the hydrological regime change of Caizi Lake and its eco-environmental effect needed long-term monitoring and research.

Eco-environmental impacts of dams in the Yangtze River Basin, China

Nearly half large dams of China have been built in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) and the eco-environmental impacts of existing dams remain elusive. Here we present a spatio-temporal approach to measuring the eco-environmental impacts of dams and its long-term changes. We also develop a new metric, the dam eco-environmental effect index (DEEI), that quickly identifies the eco-environmental impacts on dams over 36 years. Underlying the analysis are the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE), the generalized boosted regression modeling (GBM), the generalized linear model (GLM), stepwise multiple regression, trend analysis, soil erosion and sediment yield balance equation, and sample entropy used to identify the eco-environmental impacts of dams on yearly timescales. We find that the accumulated negative environmental effects of constructed dams have increased significantly and has led to large-scale hydrophysical and human health risk affecting the Yangtze River Basins downstream (i.e. Jianghan-Lushui-Northeastern Hubei, Dongting Lake District, Yichang-Jianli, and Qingjiang) and reservoir areas (i.e. Wanxian-Miaohe, Miaohe-Huanglingmiao, and Huanglingmiao-Yichang). We also provide observational evidence that dam construction has reduced the complexity of short-term (1–12 months) in runoff and sediment loads. This spatial pattern seems to reflect a filtering effect of the dams on the temporal and spatial patterns of runoff and sediment. Three Gorges Dam (TGD) has a significant impact on the complexity of the runoff and sediment loads in the mainstream of the Yangtze River. This enhanced impact is attributed to the high trapping efficiency of the dam and its associated large reservoir. This assessment may underestimate the cumulative effect of the dam because it does not consider the future effects of the planned dam. Our study provides a quantitative methodology for finding the relative change rate of eco-environmental impact on dams, which is the first step towards addressing the extent, process, and magnitude of the dam-induced effects.

Research on Tourism Economy and Tourism Eco-environmental Effect Based on Supply-side Perspective

Since China’s economy entered the new normal, the government has continuously adjusted the structure of the national economy. As a green economy, tourism economy has been favored by governments everywhere. Tourism has become an important pillar industry of China’s national economy. The development of tourism economy promotes consumption and realizes the growth of economic benefits. Tourism economy has positive and negative effects on tourism ecological environment. As a kind of capital, tourism ecological environment has great influence on tourism economy. Tourism is a comprehensive and linked production and transformation, which is accompanied by a series of social and economic activities in the process of tourism consumption, adding vitality to the development of the whole city’s economy, culture and culture. Theoretically, ecology and environment are indispensable to human beings, and they are one of the elements of human wealth creation. Based on the perspective of supply side, this paper analyzes the relationship between environment and economy, environmental benefits and economic benefits in tourism development from the perspective of factors affecting tourism economy.

Research on the Eco-environmental effect of Manufacturing Transformation and Upgrading of Xijiang River Economic Belt based on Internet Background

Manufacturing industry is the pillar in the regional development whose impact on environment has been focused. The paper, using the data of 2008-2017 of Xijiang River Economic Belt, Construct comprehensive index of environmental effect for manufacturing transformation and upgrading and discuss the effect of transformation and upgrading on eco-environment. The result shows that while the economic developing, the Economic Belt’s environment is improving. And some advice about further manufacturing development based on ecological development and internet in the end.

农户生计策略转型及对环境的影响研究综述

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 农户生计策略转型及对环境的影响研究综述 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201809121960 作者: 作者单位: 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0506402） Review of eco-environmental effect of farmers' livelihood strategy transformation Author: Affiliation: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:随着我国经济形势的不断变化，越来越多的农户从传统的"单一生计"转向"生计多样化"和"优势生计"的发展方向。农户作为农村地区最基本的社会经济单元和行为决策主体，处于人口、经济与资源环境矛盾的核心，其生计策略与生计活动的动态变化势必对所处的自然-社会-经济复合生态系统带来一定的影响。在回顾农户生计研究的历史与现状的基础上，分别从农户生计策略的内涵与类型、农户生计策略转型及其驱动因素、生计策略转型对环境的影响3个方面，系统梳理了国内外学者对农户生计策略转型及对环境的影响的研究进展，尝试性地构建了农户生计策略转型及对环境的影响的基本研究框架，提出未来研究应当体现生计问题本身的动态性和复杂性，并注重可持续生计策略的界定与实现。 Abstract:With constant changes in the economic situation of our country, increasing number of peasant households are progressing from "Single livelihood strategy" to "Diversity livelihood strategy" and "Superior livelihood strategy". As the most basic economic unit of society and decision-making, the peasant household is central to the conflicts between economy, resource, and environment. The dynamic changes in livelihood strategies and activities of peasant households will definitely influence the complex ecosystem of nature, society, and economy. Based on a brief review of research on peasant livelihoods and from the aspect of connotation and type, nature of transformation and driving factors, and influence on the environment brought about by such transformation, this study conducts an in-depth review of research and development by domestic and foreign scholars on the subject. It also tentatively constructs a basic research framework for the influence of peasant livelihood transformation on the environment, suggests that research should focus on the dynamic nature and complexity of livelihoods, and lays emphasis on the definition and understanding of sustainable livelihood strategies. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Land use change and effect analysis of tideland reclamation in Hangzhou Bay

Since the beginning of the 20th century, tideland reclamation as a huge project has continuously extended from inland to the sea for the socioeconomic development, like Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other coastal regions in China. The increase of land area alleviated the contradiction of supply and demand between human and land, which provided the guarantee for agricultural production and industrial development. However, marine ecological environment has been seriously damaged due to the increasing scale of tideland reclamation. This paper took the Hangzhou Bay in the Yangtze River Delta as a study area to explore the evolution law, socio-economic effect and eco-environmental effect of reclaimed land from 1985 to 2015. The result showed that as follows: (1) The area of tideland reclamation was 460.67 km2 with 16.57% cultivated land and 15.93% construction land, and its land use was inefficient; (2) Land use change has spatial and temporal difference, the speed of tideland reclamation had been increasing from 1985 to 2015 in time and the scale of reclaimed land in the southern (84.07%) of Hangzhou Bay was larger than the northern region (15.93%) in space; (3) The evolution law of land use was from tideland to swampland and coastal waters to agricultural facility land, to cultivated land to industrial-mining land to idle land, rural-urban construction land, and formed obviously hierarchical structure; (4) Effect analysis of land use change found that the socio-economic effect had increased but the eco-environmental effect had decreased from 1985 to 2015, it reflected socio-economic effect was acquired through sacrificing eco-environmental effect; (5) It pointed out the existing problems on land extensive inefficient, environmental degradation and economy excessive growth without scientific planning, and offered some suggestions in land comprehensive improvement project, industrial transformation and upgrading and scientific planning and legal safeguard to promote sustainable development in the Hangzhou Bay in the new period.

我国地表臭氧生态环境效应研究进展

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 我国地表臭氧生态环境效应研究进展 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201704100618 作者: 作者单位: 中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院生态环境研究中心 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中国科学院"百人计划"项目；中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目（QYZDB-SSW-DQC019）；国家自然科学基金（31500396，41771034） Progress in ecological and environmental effects of ground-level O3 in China Author: Affiliation: Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fund Project: 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:针对当前我国大部分地区夏季出现的高浓度地表臭氧污染，综述了目前在地表臭氧的生态环境效应方面取得的研究进展及未来的研究展望。主要进展包括地表臭氧的污染水平，及其对植物的影响机制，具体包括地表臭氧对植物叶片的表观伤害、光合固碳能力、植物源挥发性有机化合物（BVOCs）释放、土壤微生物和土壤温室气体排放等方面的影响；在此基础上，提出了减少臭氧生态环境效应的管理措施。此外，对我国未来的研究进行了展望，建议加强在农田和森林布设臭氧浓度监测点、开展多因子同时存在的交互作用、气孔臭氧吸收量-响应（生物量或产量）关系以及臭氧对地下生态过程累积效应的长期定位等方面的研究，以期为我国地表臭氧污染的生态环境效应研究起到一定的推动作用。 Abstract:Ground-level ozone (O3) is considered as one of the most phytotoxic air pollutant due to its significant damage to the plants and ecosystem across the world. Ozone concentration is rising at a rate of approximately 0.5%-2% per year over the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere due to the fast industrialization and urbanization in the last three decades. High levels of O3 occurred during summertime in most parts of China, and are expected to increase further as NOx precursors are rising. This review discussed current research progress on eco-environmental impacts of O3 and future research in China. Current progresses mainly include ozone pollution levels, plant response mechanism, effects of O3 on foliar visible injury, the ability of photosynthesis and carbon sequestration, biogenic volatile organic compounds emissions, soil microbial dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions; in addition, the management measures to reduce the eco-environmental effect of O3 were also discussed. In future, more and more monitoring stations should be installed at crop and forest growth regions, and the research should strengthen the multi-factor interactive effects, flux-based O3 dose-response relationships, and the mechanism on belowground processes induced by O3. Recommendations were given to guide the study on eco-environmental impacts induced by rising O3 in future. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Identification of the cumulative eco-environment effect of coal-electricity integration based on interpretative structural model

In order to determine the cumulative eco-environmental effect of coal-electricity integration, we selected 29 eco-environmental factors including different development and construction activities of coal-electricity integration, soil, water, atmospheric conditions, biology, landscape, and ecology. Literature survey, expert questionnaire and interview were conducted to analyze the interactive relationships between different factors. The structure and correlations between the eco-environmental factors influenced by coal-electricity integration activities were analyzed using interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and the cumulative eco-environment effect of development and construction activities was determined. A research and evaluation framework for the cumulative eco-environmental effect was introduced in addition to specific evaluation and management needs. The results of this study would provide a theoretical and technical basis for planning and management of coal-electricity integration development activities.

Effects of land use types on deep soil water content in the loess hilly area of the north Shaanxi Province, China

This study explored the differences of soil water content at 0-20 m soil depth at three locations, including economical plantation in Mizhi, reforestation area in Shenmu, and wind break and sand fixation forest district of Yuyang, and for clarifying the impacts of different land use types on deep soil water distribution and storage characterization, as well as its eco-environmental effect on the loess hilly area. The results showed that in the soil profile of 0-20 m, land use patterns had a significant impact on soil moisture distribution. There were significant differences of soil water sto-rage for the economical plantation, pruning Ziziphus jujuba plantation ＞ Z. jujuba plantation with 587.9 mm difference. There was no significant difference in soil water storage between Caragana korshinskii plantation and degraded artificial vegetation or between pine forests and natural grass field, degraded artificial grassland ＞ C. korshinskii plantation with 98.8 mm difference at Shenmu, and natural grassland ＞ Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation with 7.5 mm difference at Yuyang. The pruning Z. jujuba tree reduced soil water consumption and was beneficial to sustainable use of soil water due to the decreased crown width and thus reduced transpiration. There were no obvious differences of soil water content between C. korshinskii plantation and degraded artificial grassland due to the historical alfalfa planting which was characterized by high water consumption due to its deep root distribution and large biomass. In contrast, P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantation and na-tural grassland had similar and low averaged soil water contents with 3.4% and 3.6%, respectively, mainly due to the sandy soil texture and weak soil water holding capacity. In addition, with increa-sing soil depth, soil water content increased in this area, indicating the effect of plants on water moisture of deep soil was very limited. Except for the underlying control of soil texture on soil water content in the soil profile, different vegetation played a key role in the dynamics of soil water content due to the difference of root zones. It was very important to choose the suitable type of vegetation regarding the protection and sustainable use of deep soil water.

Distribution characteristic of soil organic carbon fraction in different types of wetland in Hongze Lake of China.

Soil organic carbon fractions included microbial biomass carbon (MBC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and labile organic carbon (LOC), which was investigated over a 0–20 cm depth profile in three types of wetland in Hongze Lake of China. Their ecoenvironmental effect and the relationships with soil organic carbon (SOC) were analyzed in present experiment. The results showed that both active and SOC contents were in order reduced by estuarine wetland, flood plain, and out-of-lake wetland. Pearson correlative analysis indicated that MBC and DOC were positively related to SOC. The lowest ratios of MBC and DOC to SOC in the estuarine wetland suggested that the turnover rate of microbial active carbon pool was fairly low in this kind of wetland. Our results showed that estuarine wetland had a strong carbon sink function, which played important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions; besides, changes of water condition might affect the accumulation and decomposition of organic carbon in the wetland soils.

공동체 텃밭의 효과 측정을 위한 항목 유형화 연구

Due to rapid urbanization and industrialization in Korea urban environmental problems such as changes in climate and shortage in green spaces and social problems such as lacks of interactions with neighbors have occurred and community garden appeared as one means to solve such problems. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively identify the evaluation items to measure the effect of community gardens. This study comprehensively researched the evaluation items through literature studies of domestic and overseas documents and verified their contents through case studies of domestic site. As a result of this study, a total of 39 measurement items for evaluation was identified and these items were divided into five large categories of "eco-environmental effect," "production and economic effect," "physical effect," "psychological effect," and "social effect" and these categories could be subdivided into 12 types. This study can be used as references for positively introducing the community gardens in Korea and has a meaning that it can be developed as an analyzing tool for measuring the concrete effects of community gardens when they are introduced in Korea in large numbers hereafter.

Evolution of the Hydrological and Hydrodynamic Characteristics in the Outlet Reach of Xiangjiang River

In this study, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model in the lower reaches of Xiangjiang River is constructed to conduct a simulation of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the lower reaches in Xiangjiang River. In this model, the backwater effect of Dongting Lake is taken into account to define the range of the outlet reach of Xiangjiang River. Observed hydrological data in a rather long period, i.e. 1980-2008, in Xiangjiang River and Dongting Lake basin are systematically collected, to further analyze the evolution pattern of hydrological and hydrodynamic characteristics in the outlet reach of Xiangjiang River. The results show that the range of the outlet reach of Xiangjiang River is 100km away further up from the lake inlet, which is within the region of Xiangtan, which is within Xiangtan region. The backwater effect can be found annually in the period from June to October. The findings from this study may have implications on studies of the evolution of river-lake relation and the eco-environmental effect, and provide scientific basis for water resources development and eco- environmental protection in the outlet reach of Xiangjiang River.

Industrial Structure Change and Its Eco-environmental Influence since the Establishment of Municipality in Chongqing, China

The change of regional industrial structure best reflects the transformation of resource utilization in human society, and also results in a visible alteration of its eco-environmental effect. It is a significant content for regional sustainability development and man-land relationship research to explore the eco-environmental effect of regional industrial structure change. The ecoenvironmental influence produced by nine-industry subclasses’ development was analyzed, and at the same time, the historical trace of industrial structure development in Chongqing after municipality establishing was reviewed briefly. Making use of ecoenvironmental influence modulus of industrial departments (EIMID), we quantitatively evaluated the entire eco-environmental impact of industrial structure change in Chongqing from 1997 to 2008 by integrated eco-environmental influence modulus of industrial structure (IEIMIS). Our research showed that the industrial structure had experienced two significant transformations since the establishment of municipality in 1997 and that IEIMIS presented an approximate U-shaped curve with an ascent trend after an initial decline and fluctuated in a certain range. From 1997 to 2001 the economic development was rather sustainable in Chongqing, but from 2002 to 2008, the social development was at the expensive of eco-environment deterioration and the industrial structure change intensified human activity's pressure on local environment. It was concluded that as the youngest municipality and the city still in industrialization increasing stage in China, Chongqing faced an arduous task of industry upgrading and optimizing. Developing circular economy and eco-industry and implementing cleaner production methods would be the optimum choice for its future development. Sufficient attentions of the supervision mechanism of environmental protection also should be given.

An overview of ecological degradation and restoration of &lt;I&gt;Eucalyptus&lt;/I&gt; plantation

针对近年关于桉树人工林生态环境效应的争论, 简要分析了国内外在桉树人工林生态退化与恢复领域的最新研究进展, 并形成3点认识: 桉树人工林生态退化通常表现为林地土壤退化、生物多样性减弱和生产力下降, 而林地水土流失、人类不合理活动及桉树的化感作用是导致生态退化的重要原因; 桉树人工林的生态恢复必须采取科学的技术对策, 如开展水土保持、保护生物多样性、调控林地生产力; 未来对桉树人工林生态退化及其恢复研究的主要方向可能是从多学科交叉的角度和在分子、细胞水平上研究桉树的生态适应性与生态环境效应, 其重点是探索桉树与其他外来植物的生态学关系。本文为桉树人工林的持续经营及客观、科学地评价其生态环境问题提供了一定依据。