Eclectic Training Research Articles

Training Elite Athletes: 50 Years of Thinking About Practice and Research for Endurance Sports.

This essay summarizes and integrates my experiences and observations-starting in the middle 1970s-as an athlete, scientist interested in human performance, biomedical researcher, and "expert," who sometimes advises athletes, coaches, and sports policy-makers. In this context, my focus has been primarily on endurance sports and five concepts underpin what I have learned over the last 50 years. (1) The "competitive significance principle" whereby athletes, coaches, and policy-makers are frequently interested in performance improvements of 1% or less. This is especially true at the elite level. (2) Science frequently explains what coaches and athletes have already discovered in the field. (3) Many science-based performance improvements have reduced the energy cost of moving a given speed. (4) Varied and eclectic training programs have been used by elite athletes with similar performance outcomes. (5) A few things that are actionable matter. Coaches, athletes, and administrators should focus their efforts on what is actionable.

“Joseph Maigrot (1900-1983): a track and field coach who pioneered a French style of coaching”

ABSTRACT This paper concerns the study of an eminent figure – Joseph Maigrot (1900–1983) – whose personality had a lasting impact on the development of athletics in France, influencing even the way coaching was conceived. After a fruitful experience in gymnastics and sports, Maigrot helped to build up and manage a team of track and field coaches at the National Sport Institute in Paris during the 1940s to 1960s, and in the French Athletics Federation In the framework of this study, we see how his personality, his personal and professional career, may have influenced his style, methods and the knowledges mobilised in the federal field. Maigrot is indeed responsible for the choice of technical processes of foreign origin and for the eclectic training methods – tinged with realism, pragmatism, humanism and empiricism.

Training methodologies differ with the attachment of humans to horses

Our investigation is the first to use attachment theory to explore four commonplace training methods (Conspecific, Behavioral, Eclectic, and Conventional) and owners' levels of attachment (anxiety and avoidance) to their horses. An international sample of horse riders and handlers (N = 538), aged 18-80 years, completed demographics and the Experiences in Close Relationships—Relationship Structures Questionnaire. Behavioral training participants scored significantly higher on the attachment-avoidance scores to their horses than the Eclectic or Conspecific training methods. The Behavioral and Eclectic training methods were associated with higher levels of education. Further research is warranted to elucidate the role that training methods play in the relationships between humans and horses.

The Effects of Parent Management Training, Problem-solving Skills Training and the Eclectic Training on Conduct Disorder in Iranian Elementary School Students

The present study investigated the effects of parent management training, problem-solving skills training and theeclectic training on symptoms of conduct disorder in Isfahan elementary school students during the educationalyear 2010-2011. The sample included 40 male pupils (ages 10 to 11) randomly selected assigned to experimentaland control groups. Four groups were formed (each group consisted of 10 students), namely parent managementtraining, problem-solving skills training, eclectic training and a control group. Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL,Achenbach, 1991) and clinical interview were used as research instruments. Three methods were used asintervention (parent management training, problem-solving skills training and the eclectic training).The resultsof the analysis of covariance ANCOVA with repeated measure indicated a significant difference between parentmanagement training, eclectic training and the control group, however no significant difference was observedbetween problem solving skills training group and the other groups. Scheffe post-hoc test was also used whichindicated that parent management training and eclectic training intervention decreased the conduct disordersymptoms in comparison with the control group. Also, the results indicated that eclectic training was moreeffective than parent management training.

Traces of History: Jonathan Burrows' Rethinking of the Choreographic Past

The work of the British contemporary choreographer Jonathan Burrows is characterized by a questioning attitude towards conventional approaches to making dance. This often involves a rethinking of the traces left by his eclectic training. From his 1980s pieces through to his latest trilogy created and performed with the composer Matteo Fargion (Both Sitting Duet, The Quiet Dance and Speaking Dance, 2002-06), his choreography develops a dialogue with the contexts and texts that have informed his background, from ballet to folk dance, from minimalist art forms to conceptual performance. Through references to his creative past, Burrows' choreographic language raises questions regarding his aesthetic and theoretical positioning in relation to the complex dialogue with history articulated by contemporary artistic practices. Through an analysis of the last two duets of Burrows' trilogy, the author reflects on the ways in which his dances rethink their own history. She suggests that this relationship is embodied, respectively, by an almost literal walking over past routes (The Quiet Dance) and by an opening to unexpected encounters with choreographic antecedents (Speaking Dance). Through this discursive practice, references are woven into two idiosyncratic compositions, whose formal qualities are inextricable from the narratives they create. By making history explicit, these two works open themselves up to an innovative form of communication with the spectators, allowing them to see beyond the ‘story’ and its tellers and into the audience's own imaginative world.

Relation of Type and Amount of Training to Career Counseling Self‐Efficacy in Italy

This study examined the relation of self‐efficacy to length and type of training in a sample of Italian career counselors. Findings indicated that amount of career counseling training was positively related to counselors' self‐efficacy regarding their abilities to conceptualize vocational problems, deal with career indecision concerns, and provide educational counseling. In addition, counselors who had participated in an in‐service training course that focused on social cognitive/learning theories reported stronger self‐efficacy regarding their skills at vocational problem conceptualization and at educational counseling than did those who received more eclectic training.

One day of eclectic training: Will it change supervisors' attitudes about a grievance procedure?

One day of eclectic training: Will it change supervisors' attitudes about a grievance procedure?

Atruce in the "war for the child".

The war for the child has been waged by the proponents of behavior modification and feeling oriented therapy. Neither ideological camp has emerged victorious with the answer for all children with emotional and behavior problems. The complex needs of these children require professionals to call a truce in this war and to seek ways of combining behavior modification and psychodynamic interventions. Examples of this blending of approaches indicate that the children served by only one treatment modality are being denied the comprehensive treatment they need. Moving beyond the truce will require increased sharing and cooperation between programs, continued research, eclectic training for professionals, and the inclusion of other interventions into a comprehensive treatment program.

Strategies for Training Adult Counselors

Adult counselors can benefit from applied skill training to increase their effectiveness as helpers. This article outlines the eclectic training model developed to train paraprofessional counselors at the Continuum Center for Adult Counseling and Leadership Training. It then describes three major training approaches in use today: Carkhuff's Systematic Human Relations Training, Ivey's Microcounseling, and Kagan's Interpersonal Process Recall; and makes some comparisons among the four training models. The authors conclude that training for adult counselors must be designed so that trainees can identify their own strengths and add new skills to their existing repertoire.

Integrated group psychotherapy training and psychiatric residency.

WITH THE increasing importance of psychotherapy as a therapeutic modality, there exists an equally urgent need for the development of effective training procedures and programs. This is especially so within the framework of the community mental health center in which techniques are particularly applicable and which requires psychiatrists trained in therapy and familiar with processes. In keeping with the philosophy of the Department of Psychiatry at New York Medical College-Metropolitan Hospital Center, which is to provide the resident with a comprehensive and eclectic training experience, an integrated psychotherapy training program has been instituted. In a recent survey of psychiatric residency training, Ward and Rickels noted that group therapy continues to be most or next most valued by those who experience it and most wanted by those who do not. 1 This paper will describe the integrated Pro