The essential oil of Echium italicum L. (Boraginaceae) collected from the suburb of Geloogah, north of Iran, in June 2008, was isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by means of GC and GC-MS. Twenty-two components were identified in this oil. The major constituents of the essential oil were hexadecanol (27.1 %) and pulegone (8.8 %). The antimicrobial activity of E. italicum oil was studied using the disk diffusion method and determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Aspergilus niger and Candida albicans. The E. italicum oil exhibited concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity on all microorganisms tested.