Echinococcus Alveolaris Research Articles

Recurrent retroperitoneal hydatidosis

Human hydatid disease is known since ancient times and has worldwide distribution [1]. Caused mostly by Echinococcus granulosis, rarer forms are attributed to Echinococcus alveolaris. In humans approximately two thirds of the cysts occur in the liver, 25% in the lungs and 5-10% are distributed through the peripheral arterial system to various sites [2]. We present an unusual case of recurrent hydatid cyst which presented as a retroperitoneal mass.

A rare case of osteomyelitis caused by Echinococcus alveolaris

Istanbul Universitesi Istanbul Tip Fakultesi Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Anabilim Dali Echinococcus alveolaris is a genus of tapeworm that causes alveolar echinococcosis. The liver is the most commonly (90%) involved site, but other visceral organs may be involved as well. Skeletal involvement is less and E. alveolaris osteomyelitis is rarely reported. This case report presents a 28-year-old male patient with fatal metastasizing chronic E. alveolaris osteomyelitis at the distal end of his right femur which was resistant to multiple surgical procedures and medical therapy. Years after this initial lesion, fatal brain metastasis was encountered. As this disease may follow a course similar to that of a malignant tumor, it is essential to obtain safe wide margins during surgery to rule out recurrences. The disease, along with its clinical and radiologic aspects, merits a comprehensive insight with regard to principles of diagnosis and treatment.

Correlative CT, MRI and histological findings of hepatic Echinococcus alveolaris: a case report

Diagnosis of liver infestation by Echinococcus alveolaris (EA) is based on serologic, sonographic and CT findings. Literature review yielded only one report discussing the MRI findings of hepatic EA infestation. In this report, we present a case of hepatic EA infestation with its correlative CT, MRI and histological findings. CT showed hypodense mass involving more than half of the liver with rim and central calcifications. MRI revealed hypointense signal of the infiltrative mass on both T1- and T2-weighted images. On MRI, the portal vein branches were seen coursing through the lesion. Neither CT nor MRI demonstrated any contrast enhancement of the mass. On the histological examination, abundant fibrous and hyalinized tissue surrounding multiple small cysts were observed. MRI may provide invaluable information in the diagnosis of EA infestation of the liver, either by disclosing the infiltrative pattern of infestation without significant effect to vascular structures, or by the signal characteristics.

The sunken drain for internal biliary tract drainage (author's transl)

In over 4000 interventions on the biliary tract a sunken drain was inserted in 35 patients: 3 times because of carcinomatous infiltration from outside, 27 times because of a proximal hepatic carcinoma and 5 times because of Echinococcus multilocularis. The postoperative mortality was 8.5%. Follow-up examinations show that a little more than a quarter of carcinoma patients died of the primary disease within 6 months but also that 5 patients survived their serious cancer disease for up to 2 1/2 years after the removal of the drainage obstruction. The sunken drain gives better results in Echinococcus alveolaris. Trouble-free intervals of many years were observed.

Parasitic myositis by Echinococcus alveolaris. Report of a family with myotonia congenita.

Echinococcus alveolaris infections were found in 5 members of a family and at least 3 of them also suffered from myotonia congenita. A muslce biopsy, performed in 1 case because of a pathological EMG finding allowed a diagnosis of parastic myositis caused by E. alveolaris to be made. In a further case, X-rays demonstrated calcification of an Echinococcus cyst in the thigh. Since is it only on rare occasions that these parasites are found in muscle tissue, factors are then discussed which might in some way be responsible for this high rate of E. alveolaris lesions in the muscles of patients with myotonia congenita.

Studies on Echinococcus alveolaris (Klemm, 1883), from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. I. Histogenesis of the Alveolar Cyst in White Mice

Although Virchow (1855) established the helminthic nature of alveolar cysts, very little experimental work has been done on this parasite type. This has been due mainly to the consistent failure in producing alveolar cysts in experimental animals and, until recently, man and, rarely, ox were thought to be the only intermediate hosts for alveolar echinococcosis. The inadequate information concerning this parasite has led to many lengthy controversies regarding the taxonomy of the species involved. Rodents from the Commander Islands were first reported as intermediate hosts for alveolar echinococcosis by Barabash-Nikiforov (1938). Later Rausch and Schiller (1951) reported the parasite from the same host in the western part of St. Lawrence Island. Echinococcus alveolaris Klemm on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska has been recorded from the common mole (Microtus oeconoius Pallas) and the red-backed mouse (Clethrionomys rutilus Pallas). Thomas et al (1954) reported cases of natural infection in the ground squirrel (Citellus undulatus Pallas) and in shrews (Sorex jacksoni Hall and Gilmore). The natural infection in rodents suggested the possibility of using mice as laboratory hosts. White mice were successfully infected and studies of the histogenesis and histopathology of the cysts undertaken. The histopathology will be the subject of another publication.

Studies on Echinococcus alveolaris (Klemm, 1883), from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. III. The histopathology caused by the infection of E. alveolaris in white mice.

"Studies on Echinococcus Alveolaris (Klemm, 1883), from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. III. The Histopathology caused by the Infection of E. Alveolaris in white Mice" published on Sep 1956 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

ECHINOCOCCUS CYST OF THE LIVERWITH REPORT OF A CASE WITH OPERATION AND RECOVERY.

ABSTRACT There are two forms of hydatid cyst which show themselves in the human liver. The more common one is the Echinococcus cysticus; the rare one is the Echinococcus alveolaris. The life history of the Echinococcus cysticus has been very fully studied by Leuckart, and further studies may be consulted in Bulletin 19 of the Bureau of Animal Industries of the United States Department of Agriculture, published in 1898.LIFE HISTORY OF THE PARASITE. The position of the echinococcus cyst in the life history of the animal is extremely interesting. A tapeworm (Fig. 1) only 1.5 to 3.0 mm. long, which infests the intestinal tract of the dog and other canidae, deposits its eggs by millions with the excreta. By natural processes the eggs are washed out of the excreta and fall on vegetation, which sooner or later becomes the food of man or other intermediary host, mostly