Eccrine Sweat Duct Research Articles

Miliaria crystallina in intensive care unit

Miliaria, or eccrine miliaria, is a frequently seen skin disease triggered by blocked eccrine sweat glands and ducts, causing backflow of eccrine sweat into the dermis or epidermis wich results in a rash comprising sweat-filled vesicle formation under the skin, it is most common in warm, humid climates during the summer months [1]. The 3 main types of miliaria are crystallina, rubra, and profunda and are classified by the depth of obstruction of the sweat duct causing clinical and histological differences. We report a case of miliaria crystallina.

Clinical and morphological features of eccrine acrospiroma: analysis of literature data and case from practice.

Eccrine acrospiroma is a rare benign tumor of the skin arising from the epithelial cells of eccrine sweat ducts. The clinical picture is characterized by its variability, so a detailed morphological study of the operative material is necessary to establish a diagnosis. Differential diagnosis must be carried out with hemangioma, melanoma, infected sebaceous cyst, metastatic skin lesion, and other tumors from elements of the sweat gland. In the article the authors presented the clinical and morphological analysis of own case from practice of large eccrine acrospiroma on the back surface of the left thigh which was diagnosed in a 56-year-old man.

Reactive Eccrine Syringofibroadenoma (ESFA) in Association With a Merkel Cell Carcinoma Excision Scar.

Eccrine syringofibroadenoma (ESFA) is a rare benign skin adnexal lesion of the acrosyringium of eccrine sweat ducts. Reactive ESFA, a subtype of ESFA, is usually associated with non-neoplastic cutaneous dermatoses or neoplastic skin tumors. Clinically, the lesions can be solitary or multiple, pink, or skin-colored coalescing papules or nodules of variable sizes. Histopathologically, this tumor is composed of numerous anastomosing cords of monomorphic cuboidal epithelial cells with eccrine duct formation. The association of reactive ESFA with benign conditions, such as psoriasis, diabetic polyneuropathy, scars, and leprosy, has been reported. However, the association of reactive ESFA with malignant tumors is extremely rare, with very few cases reported in the literature. We present a case of a 72-year-old woman who developed reactive ESFA associated with Merkel cell carcinoma excision scar. The ESFA tumors developed in the area of the surgical graft 10 months after the Merkel cell carcinoma had been excised. New ESFA tumors have continued to appear in the scar on a yearly basis while, so far, has been no recurrence of the original tumor. However, the presence of new tumor growths in the area suggested the possibility of recurrence of the Merkel cell carcinoma. That possibility was enhanced by the fact that PET scans revealed hypermetabolic activity in the ESFA papules.

A case report of generalised eruptive syringoma: a rare variant of syringoma

<p class="abstract">Syringomas are benign adnexal neoplasm of eccrine sweat duct usually affecting adult women. They present as firm, skin coloured to yellowish papules in a symmetrical distribution over periorbital region. Eruptive syringomas are infrequent and usually appear at uncommon sites. Herein, we report a case of a 21-year old girl with eruptive syringomas with an extensive involvement.</p>

Hipernatremi ve milarya kristalina: nadir bir ilişki

Miliaria crystallina is a common, transient and self-limited cutaneous disorder, caused by blockage within the eccrine sweat duct. Herein, we report a neonatal case with miliaria crystallina developed during treatment of severe hypernatremic dehydration. The effective treatment and prevention of miliaria crystallina is to avoid further sweating. On the basis of the presented patient, we consider that miliaria crystallina may be rarely developed in newborns with severe hypernatremia but this condition is transient and self-limited.

Eccrine Poromatosis Following Lymphoma Treatment: A Case Report and Literature Review

Eccrine poromas are benign tumors that arise from the eccrine sweat ducts, commonly presenting as solitary lesions. Eccrine poromatosis, the sudden eruption of multiple eccrine poromas, is a rare phenomenon that generally occurs in immunosuppressed patients at any time after receiving treatment for malignancy. We report a case of eccrine poromatosis in a 79-year-old male patient with a previous history of recurrent T-cell lymphoma. Over the course of his disease, he was treated with polychemotherapy, radiation, and a definitive bone marrow transplant. The patient presented to the dermatology clinic 18 years after his initial diagnosis with a new onset of pruritic papules on the neck and chest. Histologic evaluation revealed all lesions to be eccrine poromas. This is the longest reported time interval between initial diagnosis of a primary malignancy and development of eccrine poromatosis. There is no evidence at this time to suggest that appearance of such lesions is indicative of cancer recurrence; therefore, there is no indication for further oncologic evaluation.

Syringoma

Syringomas are benign adnexal tumors arising from the lower intraepidermal and upper dermal eccrine sweat ducts, manifesting as asymptomatic, multiple tiny firm skin-colored papules, commonly over the lower eyelid and malar area of the face. A case of syringoma in an adult female patient presenting with asymptomatic lesions occurring exclusively on the vulva with an unusual presentation as a polypoidal growth is reported. Vulvar syringomas may not be recognized if they are asymptomatic or they may be misdiagnosed. Examination of the vulvar region should not be missed when syringoma is found outside the genital area. Syringomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of vulvar pruritus, vulvar pain syndrome, and papulonodular lesions or polypoidal mass over the vulva.

Multiple Eruptive and Vulvar Syringomas and the incipient role of dermoscopy in diagnosis

Introduction: Syringomas are common benign tumors, probably of eccrine origin derived from the intraepidermal portion of the eccrine sweat ducts. They may occasionally develop suddenly and extensively as eruptive syringomas or be located in atypical sites delaying the diagnosis for years. Dermoscopy has an incipient role differentiating syringomas from their extensive differential diagnosis.Methods: Case-series of syringomas of atypical location. They all include dermoscopy and histopathological correlation.Results: Five patients: Four men and a woman between 40 and 79 years old, with clinical diagnosis of extra-ocular syringomas: eruptive, chronic and vulvar. Discussion: We propose dermoscopy, based on our findings, as a useful tool to suspect this entity, with its oval yellow structures and a diffuse light-brown network-like structure on its surface. These yellow enlargements may be correlated with the ductal eccrine proliferation and the dense stroma seen in the histopathology.Conclusion: We emphasize that they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of papular dermatosis, as they tend to be underdiagnosed, and to know their clinical manifestations to optimize the diagnostic suspicion.

真皮导管瘤一例

Dermal duct tumor arising from the intradermal portion of the eccrine duct is a variant of benign eccrine sweat duct tumor. The tumor is a rare, usually occurs on the head and neck or limbs and presents as a non-characteristic, usually asymptomatic, flesh-colored or erythematous, firm nodule or papule. Histologically, the tumor lobules are located principally in the dermis with or without connection to the epidermis, showed similar architectural features and identical cytologic features of eccrine poroma. We report a case of dermal duct tumor which developed on the left calf area in a 57-year-old male patient.

Eruptive syringoma: A rare case report

Syringoma is a benign adnexal tumor of intraepidermal portion of the eccrine sweat ducts. Eruptive syringoma is a rare clinical variant characterized by small, flesh-colored papules with both follicular and nonfollicular distribution that occur in successive crops on the anterior body surface. We report a case of 35-year-old female with familial eruptive syringoma with predominant acral distribution. We report this case because of the rarity of disorder and acral predominance.

A Composite Model for the Transport of Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Compounds Across the Skin: Steady-State Behavior

A porous pathway feature has been added to an existing skin diffusion model to extend the range of applicability to highly polar solutes that do not readily diffuse across the stratum corneum (SC) lipid/corneocyte matrix. The porous pathway consists of 2 components: Pathway A is appendageal and is implemented as an array of aqueous shunts (the macropores), which themselves have microporous walls with transient aqueous pores (the micropores). Two varieties of shunts are discussed, one representing a terminal hair follicle and the other representing an eccrine sweat duct; however, the focus here is on the hair follicle. Pathway B is transcellular, with lipid-phase transport accomplished through defects or breaks in the bilayer lipid structure. The composite model admits polar solutes into the skin in a size-selective manner with an effective micropore radius of 1.6 nm. Steady-state permeabilities, desorption rates from isolated SC, and SC/water partition coefficients of both polar and lipophilic solutes are effectively explained.

Acquired elastotic hemangioma-like changes and eccrine sweat duct squamous metaplasia in lichen simplex chronicus/prurigo nodularis-like lesions of the knee and elbow.

The so-called acquired elastotic hemangioma (AEH) represents a peculiar vascular lesion affecting the sun-damaged skin of the extensor surface of the forearms or the lateral aspect of the neck of middle-aged or elderly women. This is a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of a series of 6 lesions located on the knee or elbow showing epithelial features of lichen simplex chronicus (LSC)/prurigo nodularis (PN) with a marked subepidermal vascular proliferation closely resembling AEH. Microscopically, all cases of cutaneous lesions showed epithelial features of LSC/PN, that is compact hyperkeratosis with focal parakeratosis, irregular acanthosis, prominent hypergranulosis. Moreover, a marked subepidermal vascular proliferation arranged in a horizontal band closely resembling AEH was detected in these lesions. Another common histopathological finding was eccrine duct squamous metaplasia and/or hyperplasia. While AEH represents a distinctive clinicopathological variant of hemangioma characteristically appearing on sun-exposed areas of middle-aged or elderly patients, the herein described lesions seem to be non-neoplastic epithelial, vascular and eccrine sweat duct reactive changes which are likely to be associated with chronic pressure or repeated mechanical stimulation with a marked predilection for the knee and elbow.

Vulvar syringomas in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient: a rare presentation

Syringomas are appendageal tumors of intraepidermal eccrine sweat ducts found more commonly in women over the malar and periorbital regions. Here, we report on a 30-year-old HIV-positive woman on antiretroviral therapy for the past 3 years presenting with pruritic papules on the vulva. The diagnosis of vulvar syringoma was made on the basis of the characteristic double-lined ductal structures and solid epithelial cords found during a histopathological examination.

Generalized eruptive syringomas

Eruptive syringoma is a rare variant of syringoma, benign neoplasms of the eccrine sweat ducts that appear on the face, neck, chest, and axillae of predominately Asian and African American women before or during puberty [1, 2]. Lesions appear as small skin-colored or slightly pigmented, flat-topped papules [2]. The condition can be cosmetically disfiguring and difficult to treat, especially in dark-skinned patients. The investigators report a 52-year old Guyanese woman who presented with widespread, chronic, non-pruritic and nontender, skin-colored papules that arose approximately 20 years earlier. A punch biopsy of affected skin was obtained and the histological diagnosis was eruptive syringoma. The patient pursued no further treatment, after discussion of costs and risks.

Reactive Solitary Eccrine Syringofibroadenoma: A Very Rare Adnexal Tumour of Skin

Eccrine syringofibroadenoma (ESFA) is a very rare benign tumour of intraepidermal part (acrosyringium) of eccrine sweat duct. Based on the evidence of known aetiological factors, two forms have been proposed: reactive ESFA and non-reactive ESFA. Rarely, non-reactive forms have been seen to be associated with ectodermal dysplasia. Reactive type has been considered as hyperplastic or hamartomatous response to many inflammatory and neoplastic dermatoses. Owing to its clinical similarity with other chronic dermatoses like deep mycoses, squamous cell carcinoma, diabetic foot ulcer or leprous neuropathic ulcer, it may remain misdiagnosed. Distinctive histopathological features with or without immunostaining usually confirm the diagnosis. ESFA is a very rare entity as to the best of my knowledge, only around 50 cases have been reported all over the world till date. Herein we report a case of reactive solitary ESFA on the right foot in a 65 years old male.

Topical Keratolytics for a Case of Porokeratotic Eccrine Ostial and Dermal Duct Nevus

Porokeratotic Eccrine Ostial and Dermal Duct Nevus (PEODDN) is a rare disorder of keratinization characterized by the presence of cornoid lamellae and association with eccrine sweat ducts. These lesions are usually benign and asymptomatic, so treatment is often for cosmetic purposes. Current therapies for PEODDN are either insufficient or impractical. We present a case of PEODDN treated with topical tretinoin 0.05% cream and 5-fluorouracil 5% cream with the hopes of providing an efficacious, financially relevant, and well-tolerated treatment regime for PEODDN. The combination of topical tretinoin and 5-fluorouracil did not provide substantial improvement in the lesions of a patient treated with this therapy for 6 weeks, and further studies are needed to identify an efficacious treatment for PEODDN that is both well-tolerated and economically feasible for patients with this condition.

New method for evaluating antiperspirant efficacy using the skin surface biopsy technique to extract aluminum salt plugs from axillary and back eccrine sweat ducts

New method for evaluating antiperspirant efficacy using the skin surface biopsy technique to extract aluminum salt plugs from axillary and back eccrine sweat ducts

Eccrine Sweat Duct Occlusion by Staphylococcal-Derived Biofilms: An Unexpected Signature Finding of Eczema in Dermatologic Diseases

We believe that axillary granular parakeratosis, tinea pedis, and Seborrheic dermatitis are likely to be variants of eczema. All had culturable staphylococci capable of producing biofilms, as in eczema. This was confirmed on XTT assays, Congo red cultures, and PCR for gene analysis of the biofilm-forming icaD and aap genes. The pathology showed eccrine ductal occlusion that was noted on H+E and PAS stains (PAS stains positively the extracellular polysaccharide substance that makes up the bulk of the biofilm.) Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR 2) activities was found in the stratum corneum adjacent to the sweat ducts and not in its control location in the basal zone. The stratum corneum seemingly becomes altered by the fungi, yeasts, or tiny granules instead of by the filaggrin gene (1st in the double hit phenomenon); and, the sweat ducts become occluded causing activation of TLR 2. This leads to activation of the innate immune system (2nd hit), just as in eczema. Further, treatment with the mild topical corticoids and/or moisturizers helps restore the integrity of the skin.

Generalized eruptive syringoma.

Eruptive syringoma is a very rare variant of syringoma. It is a benign adnexal tumor of the intraepidermal portion of eccrine sweat ducts. Here we report a 32-year-old female presented with classical asymptomatic eruptive syringomas involving her face and extremities.

An Unusual Clinical Presentation of Eccrine Poroma Occurring on the Auricle.

Eccrine poromas are benign, slow-growing, solitary tumors originating from the intraepidermal portion of eccrine sweat ducts. Approximately 65% of these tumors occur on the soles of the feet, while 10% occur on the hands where a high concentration of eccrine sweat glands exists. Less frequently it occurs in other sites such as neck, chest, forehead, nose, and scalp with sporadic occurrences. A 43-year-old Korean female presented with a mass on her right auricle, which had been present for 5 years. The mass increased gradually in size with pain, oozing, and bleeding. A biopsy of the mass revealed monomorphic basaloid cells, which may extend into the underlying dermis, in a richly vascularized stroma, with a variable number of cystic or ductal structures. The patient was diagnosed as having eccrine poroma. In this case, the eccrine poroma showed unusual clinical presentation.