Spatial relations between recent (Pliocene and Quaternary) structures and seismic activity in the Iberian Chain, Ebro Basin and Outer Pyrenean Sierras are analysed. Starting from these relations, a seismotectonic zonation defining four main regions (Eastern Iberian Chain, Middle Iberian Chain, Outer Pyrenean Sierras-Carneros-Demanda Massif and Central sector of the Ebro Basin) is stablished. Several zones and subzones with homogeneous characteristics from the seismotectonic point of view are differenciated within each of these four main regions. This zonation is the basis of an attempt to calculate seismic risk with a deterministic criterion.