East Of Iran Research Articles

Correction to: An introduction to the modeling of active fault zone width’s efect on the qualitative deformation of lifelines and their routing (case study: buried gas pipelines in east of Iran)

Correction to: An introduction to the modeling of active fault zone width’s efect on the qualitative deformation of lifelines and their routing (case study: buried gas pipelines in east of Iran)

Inequalities in Unmet Oral Health Care Need Among Adults in East Iran, a Cross Sectional Population-Based Study.

Statement of the Problem: Need assessment is considered as a key element of health care planning. Subjective measures can be useful tools in epidemiologic surveillances.Purpose: The aim of study was to evaluate inequality in perceived unmet oral health need (PUOHN) in adults in east of Iran.Materials and Method: In this cross-sectional population-based study, the target population included adult residents in the Mashhad and Kerman city. Data was collected through telephone interviews using a validated structured questionnaire. Phone numbers were obtained from telecommunication company. Participants were selected by stratified random sampling. Predisposing and enabling variables associated with PUOHN were included gender, age, educational level, job, insurance coverage, dental insurance, type of insurance, residential location, household size, and family economic indicators. Logistic regression was used to examine association of PUOHN and predisposing and enabling factors.Results: 1475 individuals participated in the study (response rate of 63%). 52% of participants stated that their dental needs have not been met during the past year. The mean ages of respondents were 39 years old and 69.8% were female. Logistic regression analyses indicated living in rental house [OR=2 (95% CI 1.25-3.21), p Value=0.004] and higher household size [OR=1.19(95% CI 1.003-1.43), p= 0.04] significantly associated with PUOHN.Conclusion: The results of this study indicated high PUOHN in the adult population of East Iran. Effective strategies must be implemented to provide accessible dental services regardless of socioeconomic status.

BWM-SAW: A new hybrid MCDM technique for modeling of chromite potential in the Birjand district, east of Iran

The Birjand chromite district, eastern Iran, is a part of the Birjand ophiolite complex. Although there is no known chromite mineralization in this district, its favorable geological setting suggests the presence of chromite endowment. Therefore, this study adopted a novel hybrid multiple-criteria decision making (MCDM) technique called BWM-SAW to mineral potential modeling (MPM) of chromite deposits in the Birjand district. For this, the authors developed three exploration evidence maps, including (1) proximity to the host rock, (2) fault density, and (3) multi-element geochemical signature. In addition, a further AHP-TOPSIS potential model was merely generated to check the adequacy of the developed BWM-SAW model. Also in this study, for the purpose of comparison and further investigation, we applied the above hybrid MCDM techniques to generate mineral potential map in the Dolatabad district hosting numerous chromite deposits. For this, we utilized three evidential maps previously generated and described by Roshanravan (2020). The results of this study manifest that the BWM-SAW technique to MPM outperformed the AHP-TOPSIS potential model and the previous continuous (i.e., data-driven index overlay, geometric average and fuzzy gamma) models of Roshanravan (2020).

Self-harm prevalence and associated factors among street children in Mashhad, North East of Iran

BackgroundSelf-harm is intentional harmful behavior in the context of emotional distress. Street children are boys and girls under eighteen who are forced to work or live on the streets. These children are exposed to violent situations and high-risk behaviors like self-harm. This study investigated the prevalence of self-harm in street children in Mashhad, the second Metropolis of Iran.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 98 children were assessed with a 22-item of self-harm Inventory (SHI) questionnaire. A trained social worker interviewed the participants who were referred to Mashhad Welfare Office, February-July 2020.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 13.8 (2.3) years old, and 71.4 % of them were male. Of street children 59.2 % have had self-harming behavior, among them 8.6 % had one self-harming behavior, and others have more than one. The self-harmed people who had physical injuries, more frequent injuries were hitting (26.5 %), self-starvation (23.5 %), cutting (21.4 %), respectively. In comparison, common psychological injuries were God-distancing (29.6 %) and self-defeating thoughts (19.4 %). The most important risk factors were having a mental disorder (OR = 6.3, P = 0.002), losing parents (OR = 4.4, P = 0.01), self-harming or suicide history in relatives (OR = 3.2, P = 0.001, OR = 4.3, P = 0.03 respectively), low-educated parents (OR = 4.2, P = 002, OR = 2.8, P = 0.02 for father and mother respectively), and age-increasing (OR = 1.5, P = 0.001).ConclusionsThe prevalence of self-harming in street children is significantly high. Some of these children are in more high-risk conditions that face them to suffer from self-harming at a younger age. Family factors are more important in predicting self-harming and community health decision-makers should provide educational interventions and psychological support for these children and their families.

Effect of the Health Promotion Plan on the Performance of Hospitals: Evidences from East of Iran

Background: Hospitals are considered as the most central and resource-consuming units in the healthcare system. They use from 50 to 80% of public expenditures. As hospitals become more efficient, the better the allocated resources in health sector will be used.
 Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess hospitals’ efficiency in South Khorasan using the Pabon Lasso model.
 Methods: In this quasi-experimental and time-series study, we investigated the efficacy of South Khorasan hospitals during 2010 - 2018 (before and after the implementation of the health reform plan). All public hospitals in South Khorasan province were enrolled. Data including bed occupancy rate (BER), bed turnover (BT), and patient length of stay (LOS) were collected from hospitals in summer 2018 and analyzed using SPSS, version 21.
 Results: The means of the Pabon Lasso performance indicators for eight years were 74.4% for bed occupancy rate, 89.9 times for bed turnover, and 3.01 days for the length of stay. The coefficient of occupancy index after the implementation of the health reform plan was 5.7% higher than before, the bed turnover index increased 4.1 times, and the average length of stay increased by 0.08 day. On average, 35% of the hospitals were located in region 1, while 38% in region 2, 21% in Region 3, and 6% in Region 4 in the Pabon Lasso Diagram.
 Conclusions: Only 21% of the hospitals were in the region 3 of the Pabon Lasso Diagram, which is the desirable region for the efficiency of hospitals. This situation is not desirable and acceptable for hospitals. To increase productivity, interventions are required, and health planners and authorities need to apply economic tools for the improvement of this situation.

Prevalence of Endocervical Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Related Risk Factors Among Women Attending Gynecology Clinic of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, East of Iran

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in the world. However, there is no detailed information on its incidence, especially in developing countries where routine laboratory diagnosis is unavailable. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of endocervical C. trachomatis infection and related risk factors among women attending the University Gynecology Clinic of Birjand, East of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 195 women attending the University Gynecology Clinic in South Khorasan, Birjand. Endocervical sampling was performed in a lithotomy position using a sterile brush. Identification of C. trachomatis was performed by real-time PCR method using GeneProof C. trachomatis PCR kit. Data on socio-demography and potential risk factors for genital infection were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21). Results: In the study, the prevalence rate of C. trachomatis among women was reported 4.1% (8/195 subjects). Statistical analysis showed that the rate of C. trachomatis infection in women was only statistically related to the history of vaginal infection (P = 0.001). Although there was no statistically significant association between chlamydial infection and age, the highest infection rate was in women less than 30 years old. Conclusions: Given the relatively significant incidence of C. trachomatis infection among women, our findings highlight the importance of routine screening and early diagnosis of C. trachomatis to control the infection.

Profiles and potential health risks of heavy metals in polluted soils in NE-Iran

Metal contamination of soil is primarily attributed to human activities and there is an increasing need to conduct risk assessments to characterize the nature and magnitude of risks to humans and ecological receptors from these contaminants. Trace metals (As, Sb, Cd, Cr, Pb, Co, Ni, V, Se, Zn, Fe) in soils from the Chelpu region of North East Iran were analyzed by ICP-OES to assess pollution using the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and the enrichment factor (EF). The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) model was applied to calculate human health risk (HHR). Physicochemical and textural properties of the soil including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE) were examined in 26 surface and subsurface soils and related to metal levels. Metal concentrations varied considerably [As (7.1–1448.8 mg/kg), Sb (7.7–74.4 mg/kg), Pb (0.6–26.5 mg/kg), Cd (1–2.6 mg/kg), Cr (67.5–527 mg/kg), Co (18.4–42.6 mg/kg), Ni (85.9–548.6 mg/kg), Sr (180.3–670.6 mg/kg), V (85.3–158.4 mg/kg), Se (0.4–3.10 mg/kg), Zn (44.6–104.9 mg/kg), and Fe (29,400–51,800 mg/kg)]. The Igeo indicated that soils were moderately polluted with As, Se, Ni, and Co but heavily to extremely contaminated with Sb and Cd compared with natural soils (USEPA). The enrichment factor (EF) values demonstrated that levels of As, Ni, and Co were moderately enriched but levels of Se, Cd, and Sb were substantially enriched. In contrast, Pb, Cr, Sr, V, and Zn levels were low. Using a human health risk assessment approach, non-carcinogen effects (HI >1) through ingestion of 13.04% of soil samples were determined. Carcinogenic effects through the ingestion pathway were observed for As and Cr in 13% and 3.9% of the soil samples, respectively. Organic matter (OM) content was significantly correlated with As (0.461, α = 0.05), Sb (0.605, α = 0.01), and Se (0.552, α = 0.01).

Thermobarometry and origin of andesitic lavas in Zoolesk area based on mineral chemistry (northeast of Sarbisheh, east Iran)

Thermobarometry and origin of andesitic lavas in Zoolesk area based on mineral chemistry (northeast of Sarbisheh, east Iran)

Comparison of Blood Lead Concentration in Opium-Addicted and Non-Addicted Children in Birjand, East of Iran

Background Lead-contaminated opium is a new source of lead in the region that children can be exposed to. The acceptable blood lead concentration (BLC) in children is 5 μg/dl, and this population is more susceptible to lead's toxic effects. We aimed to evaluate and compare BLC in opium-addicted and healthy children in Birjand, Iran. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was performed among children admitted to the pediatrics wards of two hospitals in Birjand, Iran. Thirty opium-addicted children were considered as the case group, and 30 age and gender-matched non-addicted children admitted to the hospital for other reasons were assigned to the control group. Two milliliters of venous blood was obtained from children, placed in specific complete blood count (CBC) vials, and stored at 2-8 ° C for subsequent analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0. Results: The means of BLC were 3.63±4.38 μg/dl (median: 1.75 μg/dl), and 2.09±1.21 μg/dl (median: 1.80 μg/dl) in the case and control groups, respectively. The results showed that BLC was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.84). In the case group, 26.7% of them BLC was above 5 μg/dl, while in the control group, 2 (6.7%) children had BLC above 5 μg/dl. The Fisher’s exact test revealed that BLC was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.08). There was no significant relationship between BLC, duration of use, and opium type in the case group. Conclusion It can be concluded that addicted children’s serum lead levels significantly increased, and this level of lead can result in unalterable problems in children. However, further studies with larger sample numbers and more specific targets are recommended.

Climatology of the Sistan Levar wind: Atmospheric dynamics driving its onset, duration and withdrawal

Levar wind is the dominant meteorological and climatic feature in east Iran, blowing from Central Asia to the northern coast of the Arabian Sea. It is also known as “120-days wind” due to its mean duration in the summer season. Although violent and responsible for massive dust storms in southwest Asia, long-term climatology and atmospheric dynamics that facilitate genesis and dissipation of Levar have not been well documented. This study uses the two-phase regression method for determining the onset, dissipation and duration of Levar during a 41-years period (1972–2012), based on identification of the change points in wind data series at Zabol meteorological station. The mean duration of the Levar period is estimated to 135 ± 24 days, with a remarkable inter-annual variability. The mean Levar onset is determined around 22 May ±23 days, while the withdrawal on 8 October ±25 days. On average, the onset and dissipation of Levar occur between wind speeds of 4.6–7.7 ms−1 in spring and 3.9–6.7 ms−1 in autumn, respectively. A comprehensive analysis is performed for the first time to examine meteorological dynamics that are associated with onset, duration and withdrawal of Levar. The early onset years are characterized by stronger winds during May, while no considerable changes in wind are detected between early and late withdrawal years. Changes in the mean sea-level pressure (MSLP) dipole between the Caspian Sea and India/Pakistan forces the onset of Levar. Therefore, early (late) onset (withdrawal) of Levar are driven by changes in MSLP over these areas, while local dynamics and topography also play an important role. Levar seems to be modulated by CasHKI (Caspian Sea Hindu Kush Index), while changes in the Caspian-Sea High (majorly) and in the Indian/Pakistan monsoon thermal low (secondarily) affect the Levar intensity.

Evaluation of LDL goal achievement in statin consumption, south east of Iran

Lipid goal achievement and statin consumption were estimated at extreme/very-high/high/moderate and low cardiovascular risk categories. In the cross-sectional study, 585 patients treated with statin therapy referring to the heart clinic of Birjand were recruited. Patients were classified and examined LDL-C values and the proportion reaching targets according to the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists guideline. Three patterns of statin use (high/moderate/low-intensity statin therapy) in all patients were examined and attainments of LDL-C goal in cardiovascular risk groups have been demonstrated. Over half the populations (57.6%) were in the very-high CVD risk group. The results showed that the proportion of patients meeting total LDL-C goal values according to the guidelines was 43.4%. The frequency of patient had achievement LDL goal lower in high-intensity pattern (N = 13, 2.3%), compared with moderate (N = 496, 86.1%) and low-intensity patterns (N = 67, 11.6%). In general, LDL-C goal achievement was greatest with moderate-intensity statin use. LDL-C reduction after statin consumption was estimated about one-third of the studied population. It seems likely that the achievement of a therapeutic target for serum lipids such as LDL-C improved is far more cost-effective and would be able to reach the target LDL as well changing the type and intensity of statins.

An introduction to the modeling of active fault zone width’s effect on the qualitative deformation of lifelines and their routing (case study: buried gas pipelines in east of Iran)

An introduction to the modeling of active fault zone width’s effect on the qualitative deformation of lifelines and their routing (case study: buried gas pipelines in east of Iran)

Analysis of some factors related to dust storms occurrence in the Sistan region.

Dust storms over the Sistan region in East Iran are associated with predominant northwest winds (called 120-day winds) which promote desertification, including drying of the Hamoun wetlands. These storms are more frequent in spring and summer seasons in the Sistan region. The study aims to examine the relationship between vegetation cover and wind speed with dust storms intensity in order to understand the behavior of dust sources using satellite remote sensing data (AOD) between 2000 and 2019. Based on the time series, the study period can be divided into three parts based on the following characteristics: high dust intensity (2004), moderate relative intensity of value in all parameters studied (2005 to 2014), and dust reduction (2015-2019). Time series analysis shows a negative relationship between AOD and wind speed owing presumably to vegetative cover changes during years that wind speed has increased. Based on multiple regression analysis by monthly time scales that conforms time series result, monthly NDVI is significantly related to AOD. Analysis of the 3 hourly wind data suggests a positive relationship between wind and dust, and effective thresholds for dust erosion based on wind speeds are proposed for the Sistan region.

Anthropometric Dimensions and Classroom Furniture Measurements Among Pre-school Students in Kerman, South East of Iran

Introduction: With the alternation of the educational system from a three-stage into a two-stage system in Iranian schools since several years ago, five-year-old children entered from kindergartens to primary schools. This study was conducted to investigate the harmonization of classroom furniture with anthropometric dimensions in preschool students. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 366 male and female preschool students were selected by cluster sampling method in Kerman, Iran. Some of the anthropometric dimensions such as shoulder, elbow, and popliteal height, popliteal buttock length, and buttock breadth were measured. mean, maximum, minimum, standard division, and 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles were calculated for both the sexes and were compared with five dimensions of the existing seats. Next, the dimensions of the standard seats were determined according to the anthropometric dimension’s students. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 . Results: Independent-Samples T-test between girl and boy pre- school students in Kerman city showed just popliteal height had a siginificnt diference (p ≤0.05). Match of antropometric musurmants with seat dimentions indicated that there is no consistency between the seats and anthropometric dimensions in. Armrest height, seat height, backrest height, seat depth and seat breadth were matched with (0, 0.5, 10, 6.7, 0) and (0.7, 28.7, 6, 2.5, 0) percent of anthropometric musurments of girl and boy students respectively Conclusions: Due to adding a new grade to primary school, it seems that no work has been done for improving the furniture. Therefore, in this article, we presented the dimensions of an appropriate seat. This may help not only save production costs in the industry but also increase the matching between students' anthropometric and seat dimensions.

Estimating the maximum earthquake magnitude in the Iranian Plateau

The Iranian Plateau has been subjected to destructive earthquakes throughout its history. Reliable assessment of the seismic hazard in this earthquake-prone region is therefore essential. Our study focuses on estimating the maximum earthquake magnitude as one of the main parameters of seismic hazard analysis. We implemented two quantitative approaches, namely, probabilistic and deterministic. The probabilistic method allows combining the historical (i.e. incomplete) and the instrumental parts of a catalogue with different levels of completeness and considers the uncertainties in earthquake magnitude determination. In this study, we used a unified, declustered, and complete catalogue of earthquakes in Iran, covering the period from the fourth century BC to 2019. We calculated the maximum possible magnitudes for hundreds of grid points by using the seismicity data in a 200-km radial region around each grid point. The maximum possible earthquake was observed to vary between 6.0 and 8.2, and the highest values were found in the Alborz-Azarbayejan seismotectonic province, Kopeh-Dagh, central east Iran, Makran, and the southeast Zagros. The lowest mmax values were found in the Persian Gulf, Arabian Platform, Esfahan-Sirjan region, and the Dasht-e-Kavir Desert in central Iran. As a second part to this study, we calculated the maximum credible earthquakes for 1103 identified major faults by using five empirical magnitude-scaling relationships. Our results were consistent with both the observed earthquakes and the seismic potential of the various seismogenic zones of Iran. The study results can be used in future seismic hazard analyses and have fundamental implications for mitigating seismic risk in Iran.

The alteration of the suitability patterns of Leishmania infantum due to climate change in Iran

ABSTRACT Leishmaniasis is the most important parasitic infection in Iran. The aim of this study was to model the changing suitability patterns of Leishmania infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis for the 21st century in the country. Temperature, precipitation, and aridity-nature distribution limiting bioclimatic variables were involved in the ecological modelling. The altitudinal trends were considered by using 100 m bars. In Iran, the topographical patterns strongly impact the changing patterns of the suitability of L. infantum due to climate change. In general, climate change will decrease the parasite’s suitability in the areas at low altitudes and increase in the middle and higher elevation regions. Increasing values are mainly predicted in the West, the decreasing suitability values in the East part of Iran. The altitudinal shifts and the reduced spatial distribution of L. infantum in the arid regions of East and Central Iran were modelled.

Physical risks of work-related musculoskeletal complaints among quarry workers in East of Iran

Quarry workers are at high risk of developing musculoskeletal complaints. The aim of this study was to evaluate the working postures and prevalence of musculoskeletal problems among quarry workers. In this cross-sectional study 78 male quarry workers were assessed using the method of Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), and musculoskeletal complaints data were obtained by the Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQs). Results of the prevalence of musculoskeletal problems in body parts of stonemasonry workers was higher found than in the stonecutting workers. The highest prevalence rate of musculoskeletal problems in both stonemasonry and stonecutting workers was 65.7% and 54.8% respectively related to waist. The stonemasons with 62% had high level of risk and stone cutting workers with 47.6% had moderate risk level. Significant correlation was found among age, work experience, BMI, and prevalence of musculoskeletal problems. There was also a significant relationship between the wrist and lower back pain with the risk level of REBA score. The study results showed that musculoskeletal problems of workers had high prevalence and accordingly most of the work conditions and postures needed to be improved, so prioritizing the necessity of corrective actions and intervention are to be gained.

Numerical simulations of dust storms originated from dried lakes in central and southwest Asia: The case of Aral Sea and Sistan Basin

Ephemeral and dried lakes in southwest and central Asia, such as the Aral Sea and Hamouns in east Iran, are major sources of dust storms with an increasing tendency during the last decades due to anthropogenic influence and climate change. This study examines two characteristic dust-storm events originated from these areas on 12–15 July 2016 and 27–28 May 2018. Thermal low-pressure systems over topographic-low areas and the Caspian Sea High, along with pressure gradients and intense surface winds over the dust sources facilitated the dust outbreaks and transport. Three models (DREAM-NMME-MACC, CAMS and WRF-Chem) are synergized to simulate the spatial distribution of AOD and surface dust concentrations during the dust events. The results show that DREAM-NMME-MACC and WRF-Chem exhibit the highest discrepancies (R = 0.15–0.58; RMSE = 83%–125%) in representing the spatial and temporal distribution of dust compared to Terra-MODIS AODs, while CAMS reveals the best performance (R = 0.29–0.77; RSME = 67%–124%). All models significantly underestimate the high MODIS AODs, especially near the source areas, due to different dust schemes, soil conditions, meteorology and dynamic processes for dust emissions that they comprise. Furthermore, notable differences between the models are revealed in simulations of the PM 10 concentrations in Zabol, east Iran, as the models fail to reproduce the temporal evolution and high intensity of the dust event. In general, all models represent better the dust storm originated from Sistan (13–14 July 2016) rather than the Aralkum dust storm (27–28 May 2018), indicating an incapability in representing the soil characteristics in a progressively drying terrain.

Death time estimation of water heritages in Gonabad Plain, Iran

A Qanat is a hydraulic structure for the extraction of the groundwater using only gravity force without need to apply external force through pumping. The deepest and oldest Qanats in the world are located in the Gonabad Plain in the Razavi Khorasan Province, east of Iran. Qanats have been the most important approach for groundwater extraction and survive in arid region such as the study area for thousands of years, but they are disappearing because of climate and human factors. In the present research, descending trends of flow rate of four historical Qanats (i.e., Rahn, Baidokht, Kheshuie and Qasabeh) of the Gonabad Plain have been studied and analyzed using discharge values of the Qanats over the last 33 years. Effective factors on discharge values of these Qanats have also been discussed. The analysis indicated that the amount of precipitation in the study area and its mountains has decreased significantly since 2000. Moreover, because of drinking demand and traditional agriculture consumptions, the amount of annual groundwater extraction through deep wells has increased since 1960 and its amount reached 12 million cubic meters. As the groundwater drawdown increases, the water-bearing zone of the Qanats will decrease and the Qanats will dry gradually. The annual groundwater level drawdown in the Gonabad Plain is 0.1 m per year. The discharges of the different Qanats in the Gonabad Plain have been dropped from 38 to 9 L/s during the last 33 years. The results indicated that the discharge reduction of the Qanats is 4–14 L/s due to one meter groundwater level drawdown. As the groundwater drawdown continues with the current rate in the Gonabad Plain, these valuable water heritages will perish over 9–157 next years for the aforementioned Qanats. To prevent the destruction of the Qanats, it is suggested to reduce 7.2 MCM of groundwater extracted through wells by optimal use of water and prevent the development of agriculture and industries that need water in the Gonabad Plain.

The Effect of Self-Care Training on Blood Sugar Control, HbA1C Level, and Life Quality of Diabetic Patients in Birjand, East of Iran: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

Background As one of the most important public health problems worldwide, diabetes is closely linked with patients' lifestyles. The optimal approach to treating diabetes is to prevent it. Our aim in this study was to assess the impact of self-care behaviors on quality of life, blood sugar control, and HbA1C level in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods This randomized clinical trial examined 100 diabetic women referred to Ghadir Comprehensive Health Center in Birjand in 2019. A 5 cc fasting blood sample was taken from each participant. The participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, a 10-session self-care training workshop was held. Baseline and postintervention fasting blood glucose, HbA1C level, and life quality of the two groups were assessed and compared six months after the intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS (16). Results In the experimental group, the mean serum HbA1C level decreased from the baseline 7.5 ± 1.5 to 6.3 ± 1.0 (P < 0.001). Fasting blood sugar in the intervention group decreased from 136.3 ± 43.5 to 127.3 ± 22.9, but the reduction was not significant (P=0.322). The mean scores of the quality of life (P=0.002) and the visual analogue scale (P < 0.001P < 0.001) in the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group. Conclusion Self-care training for diabetic women had positive effects on both life quality and disease control. Therefore, it is recommended that self-care training be delivered and taken more seriously by physicians and health care providers in addition to drug therapy.