East Indonesia Research Articles

Children’s Characteristics as the Predictors of Stunting among Children Under 2 Years in East Nusa Tenggara in Indonesia

Background: East Nusa Tenggara is a province in the east of Indonesia with a relatively high stunting proportion than other provinces. This situation is exacerbated by the poverty that characterizes the people of this region. The study analyzes children’s characteristics related to stunting among children under 2 years in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Methods: The cross-sectional study examined 3,134 children under 2 years. Besides nutritional status (stature), the study analyzed five children’s characteristics as exposure variables (birth weight, birth length, early initiation of breastfeeding, gender, and age) and six control variables (residence, maternal age, marital, maternal education, employment, wealth). We employed a binary logistic regression test in the last step. Results: Low-birth-weight children are 1.970 times more likely than normal children to experience stunting [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.905–2.037]. Children with short birth lengths are 1.373 times more likely than those with standard measurements to be stunted (95% CI 1.331–1.417). On the other hand, children without early initiation of breastfeeding are 1.034 times more likely than those with early initiation of breastfeeding (95% CI 1.013–1.057). Meanwhile, a boy is 1.426 times more likely to be stunted than a girl to experience stunting (95% CI 1.397–1.456). Moreover, based on children’s age, 12–23 are 3.435 times more likely than those ≤12 to be stunted (95% CI 3.360–2.513). Conclusion: The study concluded that five children’s characteristics were related to the stunting incidence in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia: birth weight, birth length, early breastfeeding initiation, gender, and age.

OPTIMALISASI PEMASARAN PRODUK DENGAN STRATEGI KONTEN DIGITAL YANG MENARIK

Development and community empowerment is an effort increased capacity and the potential that they can thrive on their own, especially in the economic aspect, social, and culture.One community in trying to achieve this is an ofalangga bali, which consist of people from indonesia east reside in denpasar, bali.Based on interviews with ofalangga chief and member of bali, concluded that pandemic has stimulated them to berwirausaha in an effort to meet their economic needs.There are currently 20 business run by members of the organization, including 17 culinary business and 3salon business. But, obstacles in business development pascapandemi appear, especially in terms of the expansion of the market and increase profit.The devotion of the community aims to bring a solution in the form of kiat-kiat business development through the information and the substitution of information technology.The main objective of this program is to help partner in increasing the outreach of market and profit.The work being done includes making social media to support the marketing business partner.The implementation of this involved lecturers and students relevant expertise.Outcomes of the program shows the level above 50 % according to expected early indicators.Marketing management better via social media managed to improve visibility and profit partner. Keywords: content, a market for products and services, ikb offalangga

Analysis of Financial Performance of the Regional Government of Kutai Barat Regency, Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Kutai Barat Regency regional government's financial performance. The study was conducted at the Kutai Barat Regency's Regional Revenue Agency Office in Indonesia's East Kalimantan Province. Quantitative descriptive analysis is the method employed. The following are the findings of this study: Between 2014 and 2023, there were variations in the rise of regional original income in Kutai Barat Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. From 2014 to 2023, Kutai Barat Regency's Original Regional Income had an average effectiveness of 88.62%, falling into the category of being fairly effective. The original regional income of Kutai Barat Regency has a fluctuating elasticity ratio. By comparing tax revenues and targeted taxes, the tax ratio of Kutai Barat Regency demonstrates a state of ineffectiveness and fluctuation between 2014 and 2023. Between 2014 and 2023, the average efficiency ratio was 95.89, falling into the efficient category. The average level of financial independence in the Kutai Barat area was 6.15%, which is quite low. It is possible to suggest that regional governments enhance regional original income by raising tax revenues and other retributions, as well as by making the best use of their current resources.

Seagrass Ecosystems in Eastern Indonesia: Status, Diversity, and Management Challenges

Seagrass beds have roles and benefits in shallow water ecosystems, including producers of organic matter, habitats for various marine biota, and providing services that are beneficial for the fishing community. However, increasing development activities in coastal areas, have decreased their valuable roles, which also affects damage in seagrass beds in Indonesian waters. Therefore, information on species diversity and seagrass conditions, especially in East Indonesian waters, is needed. This paper aims to provide information as the initial study of the distribution of species diversity, conditions of seagrass beds, and challenges of seagrass management in eastern Indonesia. This study collected primary and secondary data from several data sources from seagrass monitoring and research activities. The assessment of conditions and categories of seagrass cover refers to the Decree of the state minister for the Environment (KMN-LH) of 2004 No. 200 and the 2017 seagrass monitoring guidelines. As a result of 24 monitoring locations ten species were found indicating that Eastern Indonesia has high species diversity. The results at 24 locations can be categorized as healthy seagrass conditions in six locations (25%) and around 16 locations (67%) as less healthy. Monitoring results after 2015 are predicted to change the diversity and seagrass conditions. The challenges of seagrass management in Eastern Indonesian waters, including the coastal environment changes, need to increase public knowledge and understanding of the role, function, and benefits of seagrass. Also, replanting and enhancement of seagrass-protected areas are essentially needed by the local government.

Measuring the Ability of Poverty Alleviation Programs in Reducing Rural Poverty Levels in Eastern Indonesia

Poverty is still a problem in many developing countries, including Indonesia, especially in eastern Indonesia, such as East Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, West Papua, and Papua. Based on Statistic Indonesia data, the poverty rate in the east of Indonesia shows a downward trend but is still well above the national average. This raises questions about the achievements of poverty alleviation programs. To overcome this problem, the government has created several programs to alleviate poverty. These programs include increasing social assistance, improving access to essential services, empowering communities, and promoting inclusive development. This study aims to measure the ability of poverty alleviation programs to reduce poverty levels in Eastern Indonesia. This study uses the Blundell-Bond System GMM (Sys-GMM) analysis technique to measure these programs' short-run and long-run effects. This study used secondary data from official institutions such as Statistics Indonesia and the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. The data collected includes the government budget for social assistance, average years of schooling, life expectancy, human development index, and Gini ratio. Based on the results obtained in this study during the research period from 2010 to 2022, it shows that (1) the government budget in the field of social protection as a proxy for social assistance programs has no significant effect on poverty, (2) the average length of schooling as a proxy for programs to improve access to essential services in the field of education has no effect on poverty, (3) life expectancy as a proxy for programs to improve essential services in the health sector significantly reduces poverty, community empowerment programs and inclusive development proxied by (4) the human development index has no significant effect on poverty, and (5) the Gini ratio has a significant effect on poverty.

The Erythrocyte Morphology of Pregnant Women with Undernutrition who Live in Archipelago Dry Land, Kupang City, East Indonesia

The prevalence of undernutrition of pregnant women remains high in Indonesia, and also deficiency of micronutrition such as iron, folic acid, or vitamin B which affected low level of hemoglobin. The insufficient hemoglobin levels in erythrocytes could disturb delivery oxygen needed to the tissues and fetus as well. The occurrence of anemia in pregnant women varies depending on diet, infections, lifestyle, environment, and socioeconomic factors. This study aims to describe the erythrocyte morphology of pregnant women in Kupang City, located in a dry island region. The research involved 24 pregnant women living in Kupang City, using a cross-sectional observational method. The results of erythrocyte morphology from peripheral blood smears showed that 12 subjects (50%) had microcytic hypochromic anemia and 1 subject (4.2%) had microcytic normochromic anemia. This indicates that, based on erythrocyte morphology, nutritional deficiencies and the possibility of chronic inflammation among pregnant women are still very high. Geographical background could be a predisposing factor for this anemia. Continuous education about adequate and balanced nutrition for pregnant women and further investigations to determine the etiology of inflammation are greatly needed.

Feasibility Study of Grouper Fishing Business Based on Sasi Traditional Law in The Ayau Islands, Raja Ampat Regency, East Indonesia

Feasibility Study of Grouper Fishing Business Based on Sasi Traditional Law in The Ayau Islands, Raja Ampat Regency, East Indonesia

Biopellets from Four Shrub Species for Co-firing in East Indonesia

Biopellets from Four Shrub Species for Co-firing in East Indonesia

Case Report: Delayed Diagnosis of Leprosy-Related Neuropathic Ulcer, Insights from a Case of Delay to Diagnose across Four Clinical Settings

Background Neuropathy is common in both Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Leprosy, often resulting in neuropathic ulcers. Leprosy-related neuropathic ulcers are frequently misdiagnosed as DM-related, causing delays in appropriate care. This case report underscores the importance of timely recognition and a better understanding of Leprosy-related neuropathic ulcers to prevent misdiagnosis and improve patient outcomes. Methods The case report adopt the CARE Guidelines and was conducted at the Wound Care Specialist Clinic, Griya Afiat, Makassar, East Indonesia. Data were collected using a Minimum Data Sheet (MDS) to capture demographics, health history, and history of treatments. A head-to-toe assessment focused on the eyes, hands, and feet, with neuropathy, confirmed using the Semmes Weinstein Monofilament test, and angiopathy was assessed by palpating the dorsal pedis and posterior tibialis pulse. Wound care interventions consisted of cleansing, debridement, and dressing. Given the similarities between Leprosy-related neuropathic ulcers and DM-related neuropathic ulcers, the DMIST (depth, maceration, inflammation/infection, size, tissue type of the wound bed, type of wound edge, and tunnelling/undermining) tool was used to evaluate wound healing progress. Results Anamnesis indicated patient has no DM, with normal blood glucose; however, the patient had neuropathic wounds on her feet, asymmetrical eyebrow distribution, and rashes on her hands and calves, with neuropathy confirmed by a monofilament test—initial treatment involved Cadexomer Iodine powder to control bacterial growth and Honey-based gel to promote granulation. Over 62 days, 11 treatments were administered, with an average dressing change every 5.6 days, which improved the DMIST score from 12 to 4 by the end of observation day. Conclusions This case report highlights the significance of distinguishing leprosy-related neuropathic ulcers from those associated with DM to ensure accurate diagnosis and timely treatment. By employing comprehensive assessment tools and targeted wound care interventions, significant improvements in wound healing were achieved, emphasizing the need for greater awareness and clinical vigilance in managing Leprosy-related neuropathic ulcers.

Urban Anti-Eviction Social Movement

This research aims to explain the phenomenon of the Anti-Eviction Movement in Makassar as a case that represents the formation of civil society in East Indonesian city. Using the case study method, this research focuses on aspects related to the struggle for the right to the city and the right to a safe place to live from the threat of eviction based on primary and secondary data. The primary data comes from interviews with participants of the bara-barayya alliance movement in Makassar City conducted from January 2023 to July 2023. In the interviews, the researcher concentrated on how the bara-barayya alliance movement expressed their struggle to claim the right to the city and a safe home from the threat of eviction. Data analysis was conducted through interview analysis to obtain accurate data and describe and explain the data explicitly. The findings in this study show that the feeling of threat among urban residents who face the threat of eviction creates resistance through the anti-eviction movement to claim their right to shelter and housing and the struggle to reclaim their right to the city. This study argues the crucial and urgent importance of understanding urban anti-eviction social movements in various cities to prevent evictions in Indonesia. Mainly to construct the effectiveness of social activism. Keywords: Activism, Anti-Eviction, Urban Social Movement, Makassar, Indonesia

The impact of human resources competency and spiritual intelligence on the performance of teachers

Because of the numerous adjustments teachers must make in response to evolving instructional circumstances, their performance is currently emphasized. This serves as the context for understanding how well teachers are performing in terms of spiritual intelligence and human resources competency. Utilizing a quantitative methodology, this study collects data from vocational school teachers in Indonesia's East Java Province by use of questionnaires. After 276 questionnaires were received and deemed eligible, SEM PLS was used to evaluate the data. This study indicates that factors related to spiritual intelligence can act as a moderator to strengthen the relationship between human resources competence and improved teacher performance. Both human resources competence and spiritual intelligence are positive contributors to improved teacher performance. A clearer path is provided by spiritual intelligence. Teachers will find it simpler to perform at their best if they are not just competent but also have a work ethic that is devoted, willing/obedient, compassionate, grateful, and respectful of others. Keywords: Competence; human resources ; spiritual intelligence; teacher’s performance

Evaluation of Watershed Carrying Capacity on Flood Management in Greater Malang East Java Indonesia

Purpose: The over-depletion of natural resources in the Ambang watershed is the recent cause of the flooding in the region. The Ambang watershed, located in the larger Malang region of Indonesia's East Java Province, is the subject of this article because of the importance of this resource to local residents.This study follows the rules set out by Regulation No. P.61/2014 of the Indonesian Ministry of Forestry, which governs the assessment and monitoring of watershed management, in order to determine the Ambang watershed's effectiveness. Finding out how much water the Ambang watershed can hold and how well the regulation works to control floods were the two main goals of this research Method: This study primarily uses data on floods, conservation initiatives, land use, and water value in the Ambang river basin. Data and information on floods, conservation regulations, and the worth of water infrastructure comes from government sources and community discussions. The data on land usage was derived from the analysis of satellite images. Literature reviews and reports from key government agencies (such as the regional agricultural agency, the regional environmental protection agency, and the district government) were used to gather secondary data for the Ambang watershed management study Results and Conclusion: Land cover, as a percentage, can reduce run-off rates and enhance infiltration capacity in a watershed, hence monitoring it is crucial for assessing the state of land carrying capacity. With an area of 86,783.77 ha, the Ambang sub-watershed has 27,311.79 ha of vegetative land cover (PPV), which is classed as poor, falling between 20 and 40%. The result is expressed as a percentage. One way to measure the difference between allowed and actual erosion is via the Erosion Index. Based on the analysis, the Ambang sub-watershed, which covers an area of 86,783.77 ha, experiences heavy erosion on average with 190.8 tons/ha/year. The erosion index is 14.2, and the IE classification is > 2, which is very bad. This is due to factors such as steep to very steep slopes in some areas, poor to moderate soil conservation, and the presence of annual plants on the land, with some exceeding 25%. Research Implications: In order to better educate the public about the conservation and restoration efforts of different stakeholders and to improve the recommendations for potential conservation and restoration actions in each of the Ambang watershed regions, a series of investigations and experimental projects are planned. Laws enacted by the Indonesian government (number 37/2012) and the Ministry of Forestry (number 6061/2014) control the administration of water-related regions in the country. Before receiving any funds from the National State Budget, regional (provincial) governments must develop a management plan that takes into account the watershed's ability to sustain initiatives. Our investigation showed that Regulation 61/2014, issued by the Federal Forestry Minister, does not adequately evaluate the Ambang watershed's harbor capacity. Especially in arid regions, further studies should help Indonesian watersheds better gauge the potential of their water supplies.

Effectiveness of SunPlus as an Accounting Information System in SDAC East Indonesia Union Conference Using DeLone & Mclean Information System Success Model

Faith-based organizations play a pivotal role in society, necessitating robust information management systems for efficient functioning. This study examines the effectiveness of SunPlus, an accounting information system, within the context of the Seventh-day Adventist Church (SDAC), utilizing the Delone & McLean information system success model. The SDAC is a global faith-based organization overseeing numerous institutions. Data for this study was gathered through a questionnaire distributed among all SunPlus users within the SDAC East Indonesian Union Conference, which yielded responses from 80 participants. The findings highlight the significant impact of information and system quality on user usage and satisfaction, which in turn affect the overall net benefit to the organization. However, the study also reveals that service quality variables do not significantly influence usage and user satisfaction. Consequently, while SunPlus serves as an essential accounting information system, it may require additional enhancements to achieve optimal effectiveness in meeting the organization's needs. The study underscores the importance of continuous evaluation and improvement of information systems in faith-based organizations to ensure they adequately support their complex administrative and operational functions. These findings are crucial for the SDAC and similar organizations striving to enhance their information management systems for better performance and user satisfaction.

Poverty Linked to Government Performance: Insights from Maluku Barat Daya and Halmahera Timur, Indonesia

This study aims to uncover the connection between government performance and poverty in a process tracing mechanism, utilizing documentation and archival records of Maluku Barat Daya and Halmahera Timur in East Indonesia, 2016-2019. Incorporating process-tracing as the method to tracing which linkage is a new approach in poverty discourse, which is the novelty of this study. Process tracing is not without challenges, considering that it requires the presence of the expected case-specific implications of its existence, which is constrained by the data availability. However, spatially speaking, the findings of this study provide valuable insights into Indonesia’s context as an archipelago nation and can be a reference for any country facing disparity and inequality. Poor government performance lowers the quality of education and infrastructure performance through the limited number of qualified civil servants, lack of good-quality data, non-optimal budget management, and lack of accountability. Poor education resulted in low technological advances, low examination results, and few good accreditation schools. In infrastructure development, the incapability of local government to provide essential services pushed people to survive on their resources and become more vulnerable to experiencing poverty. Therefore, this research concludes that government performance influences poverty reduction through education and infrastructure performance.

Effect of Kaizen Culture, Motivation and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at PT Mattel Indonesia East Plant

Effect of Kaizen Culture, Motivation and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at PT Mattel Indonesia East Plant

Social assistance performance on local economic development: evidence from island regions in East Indonesia

During economic uncertainty following the COVID-19 pandemic, social assistance is vital for alleviating the economic burden on the poor and vulnerable to poverty, particularly those residing in island-based areas. The research aims to measure the performance of social assistance programs in the regional economy of the North Maluku Archipelago Province. The study employs Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) to measure efficiency values, with input variables including social aid, unemployment, and inflation, while the output variable is poverty. The results reveal that social assistance is ineffective in reducing poverty. Several obstacles, including the minimal budget allocation, inaccuracies in identifying assistance recipients, and insufficient time for aid distribution are identified as primary causes of the inefficiency of social aid programs. Updating poverty data into one unified and integrated dataset is essential for the efficiency distribution of social assistance. Accurate targeting and timely distribution are the keys to the effectiveness of social assistance programs in reducing poverty.

Environmental health impacts of small-scale gold mining in East Indonesia: mercury pollution and nature conservation

Environmental health impacts of small-scale gold mining in East Indonesia: mercury pollution and nature conservation

Why Extensive Listening Matters? A Glimpse into the Perceived Benefits of the Extensive Listening Instructional Goals Designed for East Indonesian Students

Why Extensive Listening Matters? A Glimpse into the Perceived Benefits of the Extensive Listening Instructional Goals Designed for East Indonesian Students

EFEKTIFITAS PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN PERPUSTAKAAN MENGGUNAKAN SENAYAN LIBRARY MANAJEMEN SISTEM (SLIMS) PADA PERPUSTAKAAN UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA TIMUR.

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing library management using Senayan Library Management (SLIMS) at the University of East Indonesia Library, with a focus on the application of information technology to improve service efficiency and library information access. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach, exploring experiences and phenomena related to service mechanisms and information processing in the library. Data was collected through direct observation and in-depth interviews with library heads, librarians and users. Data analysis involves collecting, reducing, assessing, and critically interpreting data to reach conclusions. The implementation of SLIMS in libraries has had a positive impact, increasing operational efficiency with easy access via online OPAC, bibliographic management and fast E-Library membership. Despite progress, integration of SLIMS with other technologies such as online access to e-journal and e-book collections is still in the preparation stage. Constraining factors involve data availability, metadata standards, security and access, changes in digital resources, identity management, resource availability, and alignment with user needs which are still being adapted.

Insights from 20 years of mammal population research in Indonesia

AbstractMammal populations are declining in biodiverse tropical regions. Global analyses have identified Indonesia as a hotspot of vertebrate decline, although relatively few data are available to substantiate these claims. We reviewed research articles published during 2000–2020 on 104 medium-sized to large terrestrial mammal species found in Indonesia to help inform conservation management and future research. We identified 308 peer-reviewed studies published in English or Bahasa Indonesia, with an increase in publication rate (articles published per year) over time. Studies of species distributions dominated the literature, followed by publications on abundance, species diversity and combinations of these topics. Most publications concerned single-species studies conducted at a single location and a single point in time. We identify four key issues that should be addressed by future research and conservation efforts: (1) disproportionate focus on a small number of species; (2) geographical bias towards west Indonesia (Sumatra, Kalimantan and Java–Bali), with few published studies from central (Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara and Maluku) and east (Papua) Indonesia; (3) limitations to survey design, sampling effort and data analysis; and (4) lack of long-term wildlife population studies. We also note challenges local researchers face in publishing their studies in international journals because of language barriers and costs. Greater use of existing biodiversity data and continued capacity building for local researchers, particularly those in central and east Indonesia, are critical to effectively guide future wildlife monitoring and improve the conservation status of Indonesian mammals.