Ease Of Reusability Research Articles

Enhancing the Reusability of Endoglucanase-Gold Nanoparticle Bioconjugates by Tethering to Polyurethane Microspheres

The synthesis of polyurethane microsphere-gold nanoparticle "core-shell" structures and their use in the immobilization of the enzyme endoglucanase are described. Assembly of gold nanoparticles on the surface of polymer microspheres occurs through interaction of the nitrogens in the polymer with the nanoparticles, thereby precluding the need for modifying the polymer microspheres to enable such nanoparticle binding. Endoglucanse could thereafter be bound to the gold nanoparticles decorating the polyurethane microspheres, leading to a highly stable biocatalyst with excellent reuse characteristics. The immobilized enzyme retains its biocatalytic activity and exhibits improved thermal stability relative to free enzyme in solution. The high surface area of the host gold nanoparticles renders the immobilized enzyme "quasi free", while at the same time retaining advantages of immobilization such as ease of reuse, enhanced temporal and thermal stability, etc.

Modular, portable, and easily simulated ESD protection networks for advanced CMOS technologies

This paper introduces a new distributed active MOSFET rail clamp network that offers surprising advantages in layout area efficiency, bus resistance tolerance, design modularity, and ease of reuse. SPICE simulation results using an extended vertical PNP bipolar transistor compact model and a new method for optimizing distributed rail clamp networks are presented along with chip-level test results.

Encapsualtion and reuse as viewed by java students

Through audio-taped student interviews, this study examined beginning Java students' conceptions of object-oriented programming. Students rated programs on stylistic criteria including ease of comprehension, ease of debugging, ease of modification, ease of reuse, and overall quality of design. They also explained the reasons for their ratings. The results will be discussed and interpreted in light of previous research. Implications for instruction will also be examined.