Early Disclosure Research Articles

DURTRERAD: A phase II open-label study evaluating feasibility and efficacy of durvalumab (D) and durvalumab and tremelimumab (DT) in combination with radiotherapy (RT) in non-resectable locally advanced HPV-negative HNSCC—Results of the preplanned feasibility interim analysis.

6574 Background: DURTRERAD is a randomized phase II study evaluating feasibility and efficacy of durvalumab (anti-PD-L1) vs. durvalumab and tremelimumab (anti-CTLA-4) in combination with radiotherapy as primary treatment for locally advanced HPV negative HNSCC. (NCT03624231). Concurrent chemo-RT with a platinum-based regimen is considered the standard treatment, although efficacy and long-term toxicity are not satisfactory. Combining immunotherapy with RT might result in improved efficacy with limited long-term toxicity. Methods: The phase II study planned to enroll 120 pts, 60 pts (1:1) in each treatment arm. Treatment with DT (1500mg/75 mg, arm DT),or D (1500mg, arm D) both in combination with RT (70Gy) was considered to be feasible if less than 10% of the patients treated will discontinue treatment due to on-treatment toxicities. A first interim analysis for feasibility and efficacy was planned after randomisation of 20 patients. Results: So far 23 patients have been screened, 16 patients have been randomised and started their allocated treatment, 10 in arm D and 6 in arm DT. Of 10 patients in arm D 1 patient stopped infusional treatment due to immune related toxicity. Out of 6 patients in the DT arm, however, 5 patients stopped treatment due to treatment related AEs, 2 pts due to immune related toxicity with one Grade 5 AE. Three patients stopped due to non-immune related AE. The grade 5 AE prompted the interim analysis, which revealed non-feasibility as well as safety-issues of the DT+radiotherapy combination . As a result, the DT arm was prematurely terminated. Conclusions: Even though in the recurrent/metastatic setting DT was not associated with increased toxicity, DT in combination with RT was not feasible in our poor prognostic, vulnerable patient cohort of advanced HPV negative unresectable HNSCC, warranting early disclosure of these results. No increase in toxicity was observed in the D monotherapy arm, and the trial continued with D monotherapy in combination with RT. Clinical trial information: NCT03624231 .

Factors Associated with HIV Disclosure Status Among iENGAGE Cohort of New to HIV Care Patients.

HIV disclosure is an important behavior with implications for HIV treatment and prevention but understudied among new to HIV care patients who face unique challenges adjusting to a new diagnosis. This study evaluated the factors associated with HIV disclosure status and patterns of HIV disclosure among new to HIV care patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted evaluating the iENGAGE (integrating ENGagement and Adherence Goals upon Entry) cohort. Participants were enrolled in this randomized behavioral trial between December 2013 and June 2016. The primary and secondary outcomes included HIV disclosure status (Yes/No) and patterns of disclosure (Broad, Selective and Nondisclosure), respectively. Logistic and Multinomial Logistic Regression were used to evaluate the association of participant factors with HIV disclosure and patterns of HIV disclosure, respectively. Of 371 participants, the average age was 37 ± 12 years, 79.3% were males, and 62.3% were African Americans. A majority of participants (78.4%) disclosed their HIV status at baseline, 63.1% were broad disclosers and 15.2% were selective disclosers. In multivariable regression, black race, emotional support, and unmet needs predicted any HIV and broad disclosure, whereas males, emotional support, active coping, and acceptance were associated with selective disclosure. Interventions to promote early disclosure should focus on coping strategies and unmet needs, particularly among black and male people living with HIV initiating care.

Patients' views on the ethical challenges of early Parkinson disease detection.

To evaluate the point of view of patients with Parkinson disease (PD) on early detection and risk disclosure in the prodromal phase of PD and to derive recommendations for an ethical framework for the recruitment of prodromal PD cohorts. A standardized questionnaire to evaluate the patients' perception on early diagnosis in PD was designed by an interdisciplinary study group. After testing in a preliminary feasibility study (n = 20), the survey was performed retrospectively with patients from our clinic. A total of 101 patients with PD answered the questions. The majority of patients reported that time from onset of motor symptoms to diagnosis was burdensome, including false diagnoses and many consultations of various medical specialists. However, most of the patients evaluated early risk disclosure with skepticism. Freedom of choice and the potential of changes in lifestyle were rated as important. Although patients with PD reported the time to diagnosis retrospectively as burdensome, the majority was skeptical regarding early disclosure of risk, especially with regard to the lack of pharmacologic options. Circumstances under which early detection and disclosure would have been approved by the majority of patients were (1) advice on lifestyle changes (exercise, nutrition) as potentially disease course-modifying therapy; (2) the establishment of an early diagnosis "culture," including early clarification of the patients' wish to know; and (3) regular support and follow-up of individuals after risk disclosure.

“To say it out loud is to kill your own childhood.” – An exploration of the first person perspective of barriers to disclosing child sexual abuse

Background: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a serious threat to a child’s existence and development. Yet, on average it takes 17 years before victims disclose their abuse. Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore barriers to disclose sexual abuse from the perspective of adult survivors of CSA. Participants and Setting: 12 survivors of CSA (nine women and three men), aged 18–57 years old. The study was conducted in one of the largest cities in Norway where there has been a particular focus on disclosure of sexual abuse. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews, and interview transcripts were analyzed using a hermeneutic-phenomenological approach to thematic analysis. Results: Our analysis resulted in three themes: Fear of reprisals; CSA stains – Negative implications for self-representation; and The complicating effect of ambiguity. Conclusions: Our main finding was that CSA affects self-representation in ways that become significant barriers to disclosure. An important and unexpected implication of our findings is that society’s focus on informing people about CSA to facilitate disclosure, might instead, work as a barrier. Thus, it is crucial to explore this potential effect further when developing future interventions to facilitate early disclosure of CSA.

Reducing Unjust Convictions: Plea Bargaining, Trial, and Evidence Disclosure

AbstractWe develop a dynamic model of a criminal case, from arrest through plea bargaining and (possibly) trial, allowing for the potential discovery of exculpatory evidence by prosecutors (who choose whether to disclose it) and defendants. We consider three regimes: (1) no disclosure required; (2) disclosure only required before trial; and (3) early disclosure required from arrest onward. These regimes have complex distributional consequences for the defendants. We find that innocent defendants ex ante prefer early disclosure whereas guilty defendants prefer disclosure only before trial. We also explore some of the social costs attributable to the regimes (JEL K4, D82, D73).

Fairness perception of ancillary fees: Industry differences and communication strategies

This study examines fairness perception of ancillary fees across different industries, and ways to communicate ancillary fees in a way that reduces customers' feeling that they are being unfairly treated. Through surveys and consumer experiments, we show that consumers’ perception of fairness decreases as the level of ancillary fees increases, with differences across industries. Also, when the customer is given a cue that the ancillary fees are necessary for low base prices, fairness perception increases, explained by the “dual entitlement” concept. Another effective communication strategy is early disclosure, as opposed to late disclosure which decreases fairness perception and willingness to recommend.

Early Disclosure of Invention and Reduced Duplication: An Empirical Test

Much work on innovation strategy assumes or theorizes that competition in innovation elicits duplication of research and that disclosure decreases such duplication. We validate this empirically using the American Inventors Protection Act (AIPA), three complementary identification strategies, and a new measure of blocked future patent applications. We show that AIPA—intended to reduce duplication, through default disclosure of patent applications 18 months after filing—reduced duplication in the U.S. and European patent systems. The blocking measure provides a clear and micro measure of technological competition that can be aggregated to facilitate the empirical investigation of innovation, firm strategy, and the positive and negative externalities of patenting. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.

Patents and knowledge diffusion: The effect of early disclosure

We study how the timing of information disclosure affects the diffusion of codified technical information. On November 29, 2000, the American Inventors Protection Act (AIPA) reduced the default publication time of patents at the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) to 18 months. We analyze the effects of this change by means of a regression discontinuity design with time as an assignment variable and a complementary difference-in-differences analysis. Our study shows that information flows from patents measured by forward citations, increased. Interestingly, the degree of localization within geographic boundaries remained unchanged and technological localization even increased moderately. Moreover, the effect of early disclosure on citations from patents filed by patent attorney service firms is particularly strong. These results imply that knowledge diffusion stemming from speedier disclosure of technical information is confined to the existing attention scope and absorptive capacity of inventors and organizations.

Equity Crowdfunding: High-Quality or Low-Quality Entrepreneurs?

Equity crowdfunding (ECF) has potential benefits that might be attractive to high-quality entrepreneurs, including fast access to a large pool of investors and obtaining feedback from the market. However, there are potential costs associated with ECF due to early public disclosure of entrepreneurial activities, communication costs with large pools of investors, and equity dilution that could discourage future equity investors; these costs suggest that ECF attracts low-quality entrepreneurs. In this paper, we hypothesize that entrepreneurs tied to more risky banks are more likely to be low-quality entrepreneurs and thus are more likely to use ECF. A large sample of ECF campaigns in Germany shows strong evidence that connections to distressed banks push entrepreneurs to use ECF. We find some evidence, albeit less robust, that entrepreneurs who can access other forms of equity are less likely to use ECF. Finally, the data indicate that entrepreneurs who access ECF are more likely to fail.

Improving Concussion Education: Consensus From the NCAA-Department of Defense Mind Matters Research & Education Grand Challenge.

Early disclosure of possible concussive symptoms has the potential to improve concussion-related clinical outcomes. The objective of the present consensus process was to provide useful and feasible recommendations for collegiate athletic departments and military service academy leaders about how to increase concussion symptom disclosure in their setting. Consensus was obtained using a modified Delphi process. Participants in the consensus process were grant awardees from the National Collegiate Athletic Association and Department of Defense Mind Matters Research & Education Grand Challenge and a multidisciplinary group of stakeholders from collegiate athletics and military service academies. The process included a combination of in-person meetings and anonymous online voting on iteratively modified recommendations for approaches to improve concussion symptom disclosure. Recommendations were rated in terms of their utility and feasibility in collegiate athletic and MSA settings with a priori thresholds for retaining, discarding, and revising statements. A total of 17 recommendations met thresholds for utility and feasibility and are grouped for discussion in five domains: (1) content of concussion education for athletes and MSA cadets, (2) dissemination and implementation of concussion education for athletes and military service academy cadets, (3) other stakeholder concussion education, (4) team and unit-level processes, and (5) organizational processes. Collectively, these recommendations provide a path forward for athletics departments and military service academies in terms of the behavioral health supports and institutional processes that are needed to increase early and honest disclosure of concussion symptoms and ultimately to improve clinical care outcomes.

Role of CT Scan in Early Diagnosis of Temporomandibular Joint Injury in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Early detection of rheumatoid injury in the temporomandibular joint using CT, which accurately detects bone changes before the clinical symptoms start appearing to protect the joint from irreversible damage, and the correlation of those radiological changes with the duration of rheumatoid arthritis disease. It included 45 people aged 27-74 years who reviewed the internal medicine and rheumatology clinics at Al-Mouwasat Hospital during 2016-2018 and are affected with rheumatoid arthritis according to the criteria American College of Arthritis (ACR) European League against Rheumatism (EULAR) 2010 criteria. The informed consent of the patient and the approval of the Scientific Research Council were obtained to conduct the research. Computed tomography revealed the radiological changes in the left and right side, respectively, in terms of p value <0.05: (1) Erosion of condyle (42.22-53.34%). (2) Decreased in the joint space (53.33-60.00%). (3) Mandibular subchondral cysts in both sides (77.14%). (4) Erosion of the articular fossa (48.89-57.78%). (5) Flattening of condyle (46.67-55.55%). (6) Effusion (2.22-4.44%). (7) Bone marrow edema (26.67-40.00%). (8) Subchondral sclerosis (60.00-73.33%). Conclusion and clinical significance: The occurrence of bone damage in the condyle and articular fossa of the temporomandibular joint despite the fact that the sample members have no clinical complaint indicates the ability of CT scan of early and accurate disclosure of rheumatoid injury in the temporomandibular joint.

Should children know their HIV status? Prevalence, caregiver's perspectives and barriers to disclosure at the National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria.

Nigeria ranks second globally with a HIV/AIDS prevalence of 3.2%. HIV infected children are surviving to adolescence because of anti-retroviral therapy, but many do not know why they need to take these medicines. Disclosure is critical to long-term disease management, yet, if, how and when caregivers and or health professionals disclose to children is not well known in resource-limited settings. The barriers to disclosure remain largely undocumented. To determine the prevalence and age of HIV disclosure to children in Abuja, Nigeria and identify caregivers perspectives as well as barriers to disclosure. A cross-sectional study was done June-July 2016 using a structured questionnaire, convenience sampling and quantitative methods at the infectious disease clinics of National Hospital Abuja. A sample of 164 caregivers of HIV-positive children aged 5-16 years receiving antiretroviral therapy for at least 1 year were enrolled. Prevalence of full disclosure was 24.5%, partial disclosure 22.7%, with overall prevalence of 47.2%. Mean age at full disclosure was 11.87 years. Bivariate analysis showed significant difference between disclosure and child's level of education (χ2 for trend 26.710, P < 0.001), support for disclosure (χ2 4.399, P = 0.036) and if caregiver held the opinion that children should have disclosure done (Pearson's χ2 30.174, P < 0.001). However, on logistic regression, only the age of the child (P < 0.001, 95% CI 1.176-1.499) and the caregiver's opinion (P = < 0.001, 95% CI 4.914-2.542) remained significant. Various barriers to disclosure were identified. The prevalence of full disclosure is low and several barriers prevent early disclosure. Caregiver's and HCWs need empowerment with culturally appropriate skills and platforms to increase disclosure rates, which may help improve adherence.

Editor Note 2

Without constant development and progress, such words as progress, accomplishment, and achievement have no importance. Journal of Bioanalysis and Biomedicine (ISSN: 1948-593X) is developing persistently. It is our pleasure to declare that during year 2020, all issues of volume 12 were distributed online on schedule and the print issues were additionally brought out and dispatched inside 30 days of distributing the issue on the online. LBA and LC-MS are two stages broadly utilized in pharmacokinetic bioanalysis. In this audit, we think about LBA and LC-MS and sum up their qualities and constraints. Methodologies for stage determination are given by the investigation reason, study stage, analyte types, assay requirements and different components. Driven by an expansion in the geriatric populace and the predominance of constant ailments, for example, malignant growth, diabetes, fiery and immune system maladies, huge particle based therapeutics are the quickest developing class of medications being worked on in both scholastic and modern divisions in the previous ten years. During drug advancement, the exact measurement of the helpful medication fixation is vital to depicting the connection between tranquilize presentation and security or/and adequacy of the particle. As a result of this need, critical endeavors have been spent in creating and improving bioanalytical strategies to help test examination. Among regularly utilized test stages, Ligand Binding Assays (LBA) and Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) remain the two most well known choices for Pharmacokinetic (PK) measure improvement. In this study, the key boundaries of both bioanalytical stages are checked on and toward the end, the suggestions are given for choosing a strategy as to various kinds of therapeutics, including oligo onucleotides, proteins, counter acting agent medicate conjugates and bispecific antibodies. LC-MS is a stage which joins two investigative advancements. LC gives a straightforward strategy to the physical detachment of an objective substance from the biofluid which contains an unpredictable blend of parts. Solubilized analytes in the portable stage are gone through a section stuffed with the fixed stage which isolates the mixes dependent on size, fondness, charge or hydrophobicity. In the interface among LC and MS the isolated analytes are divided and ionized, after which they can be recognized by MS with high particularity. A significant impediment of LC/MS-based measurement in contrast with LBAs is the requirement for test refinement/extraction and compound absorption preceding the investigation. Evaluation by MS likewise requires the measurement of chose signature or substitute peptides got from the unadulterated objective analyte to be utilized as reference standard. Drug development is an exceptionally serious business. Normally there is high strain to abbreviate the courses of events for tranquilize applicants both in the real turn of events and in the assessment stage. Contrasted with LBA, LC-MS is less restricted by reagent accessibility and quality (e.g., the requirement for high partiality and explicitness catch and discovery reagents). Accordingly, LC-MS is supported particularly in early disclosure stages at whatever point the investigation purposes can be served. A few profoundly touchy LC-MS approaches have been set up, yet much of the time the affectability for bio macromolecules is at ng/mL level. Notwithstanding the flawless medication, LC-MS likewise fit for estimating its metabolites or truncations. As a result of these favorable circumstances, LC-MS has been broadly used to evaluate a wide assortment of therapeutics, including peptides, proteins, monoclonal antibodies, oligonucleotides, and bispecific antibodies. One primary impediment of conventional LC-MS techniques is powerlessness to separate the deliberate medication at various status (e.g., free or bound). Immunocapture approaches have been created for expanding LC-MS application for these reasons. The unpredictability and decent variety of huge particle remedial operators a work in progress require an enhanced utilization of bioanalytical measure stages to help the pharmacokinetic concentrates from early revelation to preclinical and clinical stages. In this paper, both LBA and LC-MS, the two significant bioanalytical examine stages, have been looked into and their qualities and constraints relatively summed up in the table above. The key measure boundaries have been talked about and proposals have been given on the two stages with regards to various sorts of remedial particles. I take this opportunity to acknowledge the contribution by author Dr: Xiaolong Zhang, Linglong Zou and during the final editing of articles published and the support rendered by the editorial assistant in bringing out issues of JBABM in time. I would also like to express my gratitude to all the authors, reviewers, the publisher, the advisory and the editorial board of JBABM, the office bearers for their support in bringing out yet another volume of JBABM 13 and look forward to their unrelenting support to bring out the Volume 12 of JBABM in scheduled time.

Child sexual abuse disclosures: Does age make a difference?

BackgroundThe literature is inconsistent as to the relationship between age at time of abuse and time to disclosure of child sexual abuse (CSA) and the factors that influence early disclosure. ObjectiveThis study sought to investigate the relationship between age of child at time of disclosure, taking account of age at time of abuse, delay in disclosure, and the relationship, if any, between factors influencing disclosure (feeling distressed, being believed, fear, contact with alleged perpetrator, difficulty saying it, and being asked) and age at time of disclosure. Participants and SettingThe files of children (n=273) seen for evaluation in a child sexual abuse (CSA) centre were reviewed. MethodDemographic information and data relating to the child's experience of informal disclosure were extracted from children's evaluation reports, based on interviews with children and their parents, where professionals deemed that a credible account of CSA has been given. ResultsA significant relationship was found between age at time of abuse and age at time of disclosure (χ2 (16) = 261.434, p < 0.05), whereby children were more likely to tell within the developmental period during which they were abused than within any other period; this pattern increased across each age category. Overall, no specific psychological factors were found to be predictive of early disclosure. ConclusionsThe findings suggest that children of all ages need to be targeted for prevention efforts and a larger study is needed to investigate whether some psychological factors are more predictive of disclosure than others.

Obstacles to returning to work with chronic pain: in-depth interviews with people who are off work due to chronic pain and employers

BackgroundThe global burden of chronic pain is growing with implications for both an ageing workforce and employers. Many obstacles are faced by people with chronic pain in finding employment and returning to work after a period of absence. Few studies have explored obstacles to return-to-work (RTW) from workers’ and employers’ perspectives. Here we explore views of both people in pain and employers about challenges to returning to work of people who are off work with chronic pain.MethodsWe did individual semi-structured interviews with people who were off work (unemployed or off sick) with chronic pain recruited from National Health Service (NHS) pain services and employment services, and employers from small, medium, and large public or private sector organisations. We analysed data using the Framework method.ResultsWe interviewed 15 people off work with chronic pain and 10 employers. Obstacles to RTW for people with chronic pain spanned psychological, pain related, financial and economic, educational, and work-related domains. Employers were concerned about potential attitudinal obstacles, absence, ability of people with chronic pain to fulfil the job requirements, and the implications for workplace relationships. Views on disclosure of the pain condition were conflicting with more than half employers wanting early full disclosure and two-thirds of people with chronic pain declaring they would not disclose for fear of not getting a job or losing a job. Both employers and people with chronic pain thought that lack of confidence was an important obstacle. Changes to the job or work conditions (e.g. making reasonable adjustments, phased return, working from home or redeployment) were seen by both groups as facilitators. People with chronic pain wanted help in preparing to RTW, education for managers about pain and supportive working relationships.ConclusionsPeople with chronic pain and employers may think differently in terms of perceptions of obstacles to RTW. Views appeared disparate in relation to disclosure of pain and when this needs to occur. They appeared to have more in common regarding opinions about how to facilitate successful RTW. Increased understanding of both perspectives may be used to inform the development of improved RTW interventions.

Genetics professionals' experiences of facilitating parent/child communication through the genetic clinic.

While guidelines advise genetic health professionals to support and encourage family communication about genetic risk, there can be professional uncertainty when advising parents about communication with children. We sought to explore genetic health professionals' views and experiences of facilitating parent/child communication in clinical practice, particularly in relation to adult-onset inherited conditions. Twenty-three in-depth interviews were conducted with United Kingdom genetic health professionals. Thematic analysis identified four main themes: offer professional involvement, encourage early disclosure, take a limited role, and challenges. Overall, our findings demonstrate a wide variation in genetic health professionals approaches to the provision of disclosure advice to parents, ranging from professionals who offered their communication skills and expertise, to those who took a limited role and reflected they were struggling, or even felt stuck. Giving tailored advice to parents about the timing of disclosure i.e. when to tell children, was a particular challenge because of the variability in children's maturity and coping styles. Nevertheless, we identified a range of strategies which were drawn upon by participants to facilitate parent/child communication in the genetic clinic. In conclusion, study results indicate that this remains a challenging and sensitive area, in which genetics professionals express a need for more resources and the clinical time to undertake this work. Further research is needed to develop and evaluate interventions which assist parent/child communication about serious inherited conditions and to help develop professionals' confidence and skills in this area.

A study to assess the benefits of awareness programme on mammary gland self-observation to women residing at mappedu

Mammary gland self-observation is still suggested as a universal reach. Mammary gland health awareness permits for early disclosure of any malformation. Mammary gland self-observation proceed to be suggested by physical protection practitioner because it is free of cost, easy, require small mechanics and teaching is workable. In the current review, a descriptive research design was handed down to execute the objectives of the study. The review was organized in Mappedu rural village. In the current review, the representative consists of 100 women. Self-design questions on knowledge about mammary gland self-observation have developed to learn the representative. Detailed and a prior census have being to examine the statistics.5(5%) women experiences adequate learning regarding mammary gland self-observation. 59(59%) women experience moderate learning regarding mammary gland self-observation. 36(36%) women experiences inadequate learning regarding mammary gland self-observation. This research shows that the organized education on awareness programme was successfully expanded the knowledge of women in Mappedu regarding mammary gland self-observation.

Realizing a Diverse and Inclusive Workforce: Equal Access for Residents With Disabilities.

Realizing a Diverse and Inclusive Workforce: Equal Access for Residents With Disabilities.

Automated Detection of White Blood Cells Cancer Diseases

Mechanized analysis of white platelets malignant growth infections, for example, Leukemia and Myeloma is a difficult biomed-ical inquire about point. Our methodology introduces out of the blue another best in class application that helps with diagnosing the white platelets infections. we break these sicknesses into two classifications, every classification contains like side effects infections that may confound in diagnosing. In light of the specialist's determination, one of two methodologies is actualized. Each methodology is connected on one of the two maladies classification by processing distinctive highlights. At last, Random Forest classifier is connected for ultimate choice. The proposed methodology means to early disclosure of white platelets malignancy, decrease the misdiagnosis cases notwithstanding improve the framework learning approach. In addition, permitting the specialists just to have the last tuning on the outcome acquired from the framework. The proposed methodology accomplished an exactness of 93% in the principal classification and 95% in the second class.

Perspectives of adults with Klinefelter syndrome, unaffected adolescent males, and parents of affected children toward diagnosis disclosure: a Thai experience

Little is known about disclosure of diagnosis to males with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) diagnosed before birth or during childhood, especially in Asian context. Insufficient preparation for disclosure communication could lead to the child’s depression, anxiety, or disrupted self-esteem. This is an interventional and qualitative interview study with a brief self-reported survey. The study consists of three phases. In phase I, adults with KS were asked about their experiences and viewpoints toward KS disclosure and diagnosis through individual interviews. In phase II, unaffected adolescent males were given information about KS and then asked to give hypothetical answers to a questionnaire followed by a group interview, as if they had KS. In phase III, parents of children with KS were asked to complete a questionnaire followed by a group interview which included a discussion about their disclosure plans and their concerns. The parents were provided information obtained from adults with KS and unaffected adolescent males, and were then interviewed again as a group. We found that the most hurtful issues were discovering their infertility from KS and late disclosure. From the perspective of unaffected adolescent males, early disclosure in early or mid-teens in a neutral, supportive, and relaxed manner, along with information on benefits of hormonal treatment, the assurance of biological sex as “male,” and avoidance of some sensitive words are strongly recommended, as a way to promote self-confidence and positive coping with the diagnosis. After intervention, the parents reported more confidence and less anxiety about disclosing the diagnosis to their children, and indicated that they would disclose KS at an earlier age. For unaffected adolescent males, though it is a hypothetical scenario and their reaction may differ from affected adolescents, unaffected adolescent males’ viewpoints on how they might react are more or less representative of cultural changes for the new generation, especially in the Asian context. In addition, their viewpoints influenced parents’ decision and genetic counseling plans for the diagnosis disclosure of KS to their children. We propose a preliminary guideline for KS diagnosis disclosure.