The growth in fast-track construction and repair has prompted major efforts to develop high-early-strength (HES) concrete mixture compositions. Such mixtures rely on the use of relatively high cement and accelerator contents to increase the rate of strength development. These measures, however, seem to compromise the long-term performance of concrete in applications such as full-depth pavement patches. The hypothesis successfully validated in this research was that conventional methods of increasing the early-age strength of concrete involving the use of high-cement and accelerator contests increase the moisture and temperature movements, such as shrinkage, of concrete. Restraint of such movements in actual field conditions, by external or internal effects, generates tensile stresses that introduce microcracks and thus increase the permeability of concrete and accelerate various processes of concrete deterioration, including freeze-thaw attack. Fiber reinforcement of concrete is an effective approach to the control of microcrack and crack development under tensile stresses. Fibers, however, have not been known for accelerating strength development in concrete. The recently developed processed cellulose fibers were found to increase the early-age strength of concrete. This provides a unique opportunity to increase the rate of strength gain in concrete without increasing moisture and temperature movements, while actually controlling the processes of microcracking and cracking in concrete. Laboratory and preliminary outdoor test results confirmed the desirable resistance of processed cellulose fiber reinforced HES concrete to restrained shrinkage cracking, and thus, to different processes of deterioration under weathering effects. A field project involving fast-track full-depth patching with processed cellulose fiber reinforcement was implemented in Michigan.