Earlier Paper Research Articles

Lower density operators. ?_{f} versus ?_{d}

Using the new method of the construction of lower density operator introduced in the earlier paper of the first two authors, we study how much the new operator can be different from the classical one. The aim of this paper is to show that if \(f\) is a good adjusted measure-preserving bijection then the lower density operator generated by \(f\) can be really different from the classical density operator.

THE STRUCTURE OF THE SWIRLING FLOW IN THE COUNTERFLOW VORTEX REACTOR

Two promising designs of counterflow vortex reactor were numerically investigated. Such apparatus utilizes reverse flow to withdraw thermal energy and products from interelectrode area. Complex gasdynamic structure of the water-vapor flow was investigated using turbulent three-dimensional simulation employing Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations along with SST k turbulence model technique tested in earlier papers. Presented velocity profiles and heat flux reports demonstrate viability of both approaches.

Decidability of Definability Issues in the Theory of Real Addition

Given a subset of X ⊆ ℝn we can associate with every point x ∈ ℝn a vector space V of maximal dimension with the property that for some ball centered at x, the subset X coincides inside the ball with a union of lines parallel to V. A point is singular if V has dimension 0. In an earlier paper we proved that a 〈ℝ, +, <, ℤ〉-definable relation X is 〈ℝ, +, <, 1〉-definable if and only if the number of singular points is finite and every rational section of X is 〈R, +, <, 1〉-definable, where a rational section is a set obtained from X by fixing some component to a rational value. Here we show that we can dispense with the hypothesis of X being 〈ℝ, +, <, ℤ〉-definable by requiring that the components of the singular points be rational numbers. This provides a topological characterization of first-order definability in the structure 〈ℝ, +, <, 1〉. It also allows us to deliver a self-definable criterion (in Muchnik’s terminology) of 〈ℝ, +, <, 1〉- and 〈ℝ, +, <,ℤ〉-definability for a wide class of relations, which turns into an effective criterion provided that the corresponding theory is decidable. In particular these results apply to the class of so-called k–recognizable relations which are defined by finite Muller automata via the representation of the reals in a integer basis k, and allow us to prove that it is decidable whether a k–recognizable relation (of any arity) is l–recognizable for every base l ≥ 2.

Comparison of Dynamical and Empirical Simulation Methods of Secondary Dendrite Arm Coarsening

The physical and mechanical properties of an entirely (wrought alloys) or partly (cast alloys) dendritically solidified alloy strongly depend on the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS). The casting practice and the simulation of solidification need a usable but simple method to calculate the SDAS during and at the end of solidification as a function of the cooling rate. Based on many solidification experiments, a simple equation to calculate the SDAS (empirical method) is known to use the local solidification time, which can be obtained from the measured cooling curves (equiaxed solidification), or can be calculated from the temperature gradient and front velocity (directional solidification). This equation is not usable for calculating the SDAS during solidification. Kirkwood developed a semi-empirical method based on the liquid phase’s diffusion, which contains only one geometric factor that seems constant for different alloys. This equation contains some physical parameters that depend on the temperature, so the equation cannot be integral in closed form. In the present work, first, we show the effect of the curvature of the solid/liquid interface on the equilibrium concentrations and then the different processes of SDA coarsening. In our earlier paper, we demonstrated that using the empirical method, the final SDAS can be calculated with acceptable correctness in the case of four unidirectional solidification experiments of Al-7wt%Si alloy. The present work shows that numerically integrated Kirkwood’s equations used the known cooling curve; the SDAS can be calculated at the end and during solidification in good agreement with these experimental results. Compared to the two calculation methods, we stated that the correctness of the methods is similar. Still, the results of the solidification simulation (the microsegregation) will be more correct using the dynamical method. It is also shown that with the dynamical method, the SDAS can be calculated from any type of cooling curve, and using the dynamical method, it is proved that some different SDASs could belong to the same local solidification time.

Is a Psychic Thermidor Inevitable? Marcuse’s Hedonism and Its Freudian Challenge

Abstract In this paper I argue that Marcuse’s Eros and Civilization is a revision of his early hedonism presented in his early papers from the 1930’s, a revision necessitated by the challenge Freud’s psychoanalysis posited to the possibility of hedonism. In the first section of the paper, I present Marcuse’s critical hedonist position, mainly in “On Hedonism” (1938), where he develops a social and objective hedonism that should be set as a main political goal of a society. Accordingly, the key to a transformation of society is located at the social-political level. However, Freud’s metapsychology shows that the barriers that prevent a transformation of society are located at a much deeper level and are found in the relation between the psychological structure of individuals and social pressure, between the dynamics of the instincts and society’s material welfare. Thus, the possibility of a society that asserts happiness as its principle depends on the possibility of a transformation of human metapsychology and its social manifestation. This challenge, and the manner in which Marcuse dealt with it is the subject of the second section in which I analyze Eros and Civilization as Marcuse’s rethinking of his hedonism in light of Freud.

Image problems besiege Stanford president

Marc Tessier-Lavigne's early papers are subject of school and journal investigations.

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT): A Game Changer for MNEs in Emerging Markets

Global trade determines how we live. Technology determines the extent of the market and the ease of trade. The transportation revolution reduced costs and cut travel times. The communication revolution (ICT) improved the quality and quantity of information in the global market and cut the cost of global trade in goods and services, including labor. Global trade has become a B2B market wherein multinational enterprises (MNEs) are major players. While MNEs began as major companies in developed countries, their success in importing labor from the emerging market through production of consumer goods in the developed countries led to emerging MNE markets. In an earlier paper on MNEs in emerging markets, Agmon suggested that blockchains reduce the cost of using the global price mechanism, and both production and consumption decisions can be made by individuals in a global market. In this paper, we discuss the case of the multinational industry of venture capital-supported small start-ups, wherein individuals with ideas for better goods, production processes, and services approach capital markets in major countries for financing their ideas. The accompanying distributed ledger technology (DLT) takes global trade a step further by opening up the possibility of global trade among individuals and loosely organized, task-oriented groups of individuals located in both developed and emerging economies. In a DLT world with decentralized markets, no transaction costs, and perfect information, the key to global trade will lie in the capabilities of the individual, or a specific task-oriented, loosely organized group of individuals. Small countries are finding it increasingly difficult to compete in international markets. We seek to examine whether the conceptual framework of DLT, when implemented in a small country that chooses to export ideas rather than products, thereby eliminating the need for a complex supply chain, can be the first empirical example of the DLT concept as a “game changer”. The experience of the Israeli VC industry points to exciting potential through the application of the mindset and the unique legal and financial structures of the “start-up nation”, wherein an economy was created that relies on small and frequently changing high-tech firms. In a country where VC investment capital is entirely imported, there is more room for investment in DLT technologies. Such an economy is compatible with the DLT concept and provides a unique empirical example of the DLT technological change’s effect on the economy of a small country.

Tapering / uptapering of thirring type soliton pair using parabolic equation approach

Here, we study tapering / uptapring of Thirring type soliton pair through Parabolic Equation Approach (PEA). The results obtained in this paper, employing PEA, are found to be in qualitative agreement with those obtained by Beam Propagation Method (BPM) used in our earlier paper.

Numerical investigation of the element-free Galerkin method (EFGM) with appropriate temporal discretization techniques for transient wave propagation problems

In the earlier paper, it is known that the solution accuracy usually can not be monotonically increased as the temporal discretization interval decreases when the standard finite element method (FEM) with the conventional temporal discretization approach is exploited for elastodynamics, hence the time integration step should be carefully determined for sufficiently fine solutions. The present work aims to investigate the behaviors of the classical element-free Galerkin method (EFGM), which is a typical meshless approach, with the Bathe temporal discretization scheme for elastodynamics. The main insights are that we explicitly show the total numerical dispersion errors in the computed numerical results actually consists of two different parts corresponding to the spatial and temporal discretization, respectively; both of them are responsible for solution accuracy. By performing the dispersion analysis, how the solution accuracy is affected by temporal and spatial discretization is shown, it is seen that we can improve the solution accuracy monotonically as the temporal step size decreases as long as the spatial dispersion error is sufficiently small and the related mathematical proofs are also given. From several supporting numerical examples, we can clearly see that the EFGM with the Bathe time integration scheme can basically provide monotonically convergent solutions as long as the reasonable node arrangement pattern and sufficiently large shape function supports are employed, namely the monotonic convergence property with respect to the temporal discretization interval can be achieved. This attractive and important feature makes the EFGM more competitive than the FE approach for elastodynamics.

Finding kings in tournaments

A tournament is an orientation of a complete graph. It is well-known that any tournament has a vertex from which every other vertex can be reached by a path of length at most 2. Such a vertex is called a king or a 2-king. It is also known that to find such a vertex, Ωn4/3 queries (to the adjacency matrix) are necessary and On3/2 probes are sufficient. It is a long standing open problem to narrow this gap between the upper and lower bound. We first show that – the adversary Ajtai et al. (2016) and Shen et al. (2003) used to prove the known Ωn4/3 lower bound cannot be used to prove a better lower bound, by giving an algorithm that achieves the bound against the same adversary; Clearly in any tournament there is a vertex from which every other vertex is reachable by a path of length at most d for any d≥2 and such a vertex is called a d-king. The bounds for finding a 2-king have been generalized (Ajtai et al., 2016) to obtain generalized upper and lower bounds to find a d-king. We show that – our algorithm against the weak adversary works against such an adversary for finding d-kings too. More generally, if we can find a 2-king in On4/3 time, then we can find a d-king in asymptotically optimal time for any d≥2. This was conjectured in an earlier paper. Then we address the complexity of finding a set of d-kings, i.e. a small subset of vertices such that every vertex is reachable from one of them by a path of length at most d. Such a set is called a d-cover. – We generalize the lower bound for finding a d-king to give a lower bound for finding k sized d-covers. We complement it with an algorithm matching this bound for k∈Ω(lgn). For d=1 for example, our results imply that we can find a (lgn−lglgn+k)-sized dominating set in On2/k time and that this bound is optimal. Finally we develop a dynamic data structure so that whenever a new vertex is added to the tournament, we can find a king of the new tournament in O(n) time.

Crossover times in bipartite networks with activity constraints and time-varying switching rates

In this paper, we study the performance of a bipartite network in which customers arrive at the nodes of the network, but not all nodes are able to serve their customers at all times. Each node can be either active or inactive, and two nodes connected by a bond cannot be active simultaneously. This situation arises in wireless random-access networks where, due to destructive interference, stations that are close to each other cannot use the same frequency band. We consider a model where the network is bipartite, the active nodes switch themselves off at rate 1 and the inactive nodes switch themselves on at a rate that depends on time and on which half of the bipartite network they are in. An inactive node cannot become active when one of the nodes it is connected to by a bond is active. The switching protocol allows the nodes to share activity among each other. In the limit as the activation rate becomes large, we compute the crossover time between the two states where one-half of the network is active and the other half is inactive. This allows us to assess the overall activity of the network depending on the switching protocol. Our results make use of the metastability analysis for hard-core interacting particle models on finite bipartite graphs derived in an earlier paper. They are valid for a large class of bipartite networks, subject to certain assumptions. Proofs rely on a comparison with switching protocols that are not time varying, through coupling techniques.

General and Personal Reflections on Succeeding as a Woman Science Researcher

In 1991 the Parapsychology Foundation sponsored a conference on Women in Parapsychology. In my paper for that conference (Utts, 1994) I discussed research identifying multiple factors that contributed to gender inequity in research careers in science, with a focus on academia. These factors included cultural norms, institutional barriers to success for women, implicit biases, and social pressures that deterred women from entering and succeeding in careers in science. In the past three decades, progress has been made on some of these factors, but not all of them. The first part of this paper discusses the extent to which the situation has improved (or not) for seven of the factors identified in the earlier paper, citing a combination of research and personal observation. The second part of this paper discusses multiple avenues of research showing the impact of subtle influences throughout childhood and early adulthood on career success. For example, cultural norms depicting scientists as men have gradually improved over the years, but children are still more likely to draw a man than a woman if asked to draw a scientist. Role models, as well as encouraging mentors, are important factors in determining whether a woman will pursue a career in science. Many successful women in science can identify a single mentor whose encouragement was a major contributing factor to her success. A sense of meaning in ones‘ work, and a supportive community are additional factors contributing to success. The final part of the paper is autobiographical, illustrating how the factors documented by this body of research played a role in my life. In a narrative starting from childhood and continuing through my career, I identify individuals and circumstances that contributed to my success. One significant factor was the welcoming parapsychological community, and details of how I was led to work with that community are discussed. The paper provides suggestions for specific actions that individuals and communities can take to encourage more women to succeed in careers in science, including in parapsychology.

Improvements in oil and grease resistance (OGR) test methodology for waterborne barrier coatings

Paper-based food packaging is becoming more popular due to consumer demands for sustainable packaging options. Waterborne paper coatings that provide performance properties (i.e., resistance to oil and grease) not inherent to paper and board substrates offer improved sustainability profiles over earlier paper treatment options, including fluorocarbon treatment and coating with extruded plastics. The continued development of new paper coating technologies requires re-evaluation of current test methods and development of new methods to ensure lab evaluations can serve as accurate predictors of real-world performance. This paper provides an overview of commonly used oil and grease resistance (OGR) test methods within the paper coatings industry, and then describes improvements and developments made to two key methods: the 3M Kit test and an internally developed oil breakthrough test. The combined use of these adapted methods provides a more efficient testing workflow and a more complete understanding of the OGR performance of barrier coatings.

Exact sequences for dual Toeplitz algebras on hypertori

In this paper, we construct a symbol calculus yielding short exact sequences for the dual Toeplitz algebra generated by all bounded dual Toeplitz operators on the Hardy space associated with the polydisk {mathbb {D}}^n in the unitary space {mathbb {C}}^n, that have been introduced and well studied in our earlier paper (Benaissa and Guediri in Taiwan J Math 19: 31–49, 2015), as well as for the C*-subalgebra generated by dual Toeplitz operators with symbols continuous on the associated hypertorus {mathbb {T}}^n.

Three loop correction in the formation of QGP droplet

Quark–gluon plasma (QGP) droplet formation is re-considered with the addition of three loop correction to the earlier loop factors in the mean field potential. The correction of the three loop factor increases stability in the droplet formation of QGP at different parametrization factors of the QGP fluid and it is in a better agreement in comparison with the lattice results of pressure, energy density and other thermodynamic relations. This implies that the contribution of the three loop enhances in showing the characteristic features of the QGP fluid. It also shows that increasing the loop increased the strength of parametrization value defined in earlier papers as a number parameter of fluid dynamics. It indicates that the model with the loop correction boosts in explaining about the formation of QGP droplet in the expansion of early universe.

Search for charm-quark production via dimuons in neutrino telescopes* *Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11875189, 11835005) and Shanghai Jiao Tong University under the Double First Class Start-up Fund (WF220442603)

Dimuon events induced by charm-quark productions from neutrino deep inelastic scattering (DIS) processes have been studied in traditional DIS experiments for decades. The recent progress in neutrino telescopes makes it possible to search for such dimuon events at energies far beyond the laboratory scale. In this study, we construct a simulation framework to calculate yields and distributions of dimuon signals in an IceCube-like km3 scale neutrino telescope. Owing to the experimental limitation in the resolution of double-track lateral distance, only dimuons produced outside the detector volume are considered. Detailed information about simulation results for a 10-year exposure is presented. As an earlier paper[Physical Review D 105, 093005 (2022)] and ours report on a similar situation, we use that paper as a baseline to conduct comparisons. We then estimate the impacts of different calculation methods of muon energy losses. Finally, we study the experimental potential of dimuon searches under the hypothesis of single-muon background only. Our results based on a simplified double-track reconstruction indicate a moderate sensitivity, especially with the ORCA configuration. Further developments on both the reconstruction algorithm and possible detector designs are thus required and are under investigation.

Accessible ∞-cosmoi

We introduce the notion of an accessible ∞-cosmos and prove that these include the basic examples of ∞-cosmoi and are stable under the main constructions. A consequence is that the vast majority of known examples of ∞-cosmoi are accessible. By the adjoint functor theorem for homotopically enriched categories which we proved in an earlier paper, joint with Lukáš Vokřínek, it follows, for instance, that all such ∞-cosmoi have flexibly weighted homotopy colimits.

Semi-inclusive diffractive deep inelastic scattering at small x

Inspired by a recent study of Iancu, Mueller and Triantafyllopoulos [1] and earlier papers by Golec-Biernat and Wusthoff [2,3], we propose semi-inclusive diffractive deep inelastic scattering (SIDDIS) to investigate the gluon tomography in the nucleon and nuclei at small-$x$. The relevant diffractive quark and gluon parton distribution functions (DPDF) can be computed in terms of the color dipole S-matrices in the fundamental and adjoint representations, respectively. Novel correlations from the gluon tomography in the dipole S-matrix can be experimentally studied through the DPDFs in these processes at the future electron-ion collider (EIC).

An addendum to “Mild solutions to semilinear stochastic partial differential equations with locally monotone coefficients”

In this addendum we provide an existence and uniqueness result for mild solutions to semilinear stochastic partial differential equations driven by Wiener processes and Poisson random measures in the framework of the semigroup approach with locally monotone coefficients, where the semigroup is allowed to be pseudo-contractive. This improves an earlier paper of the author, where the equation was only driven by Wiener processes, and where the semigroup was only allowed to be a semigroup of contractions.

A decidable theory involving addition of differentiable real functions

This paper enriches a pre-existing decision algorithm, which in turn augmented a fragment of Tarski's elementary algebra with one-argument real functions endowed with a continuous first derivative. In its present (still quantifier-free) version, our decidable language embodies the addition of functions and multiplication of functions by scalars; the issue we address is the one of satisfiability.As regards real numbers, individual variables and constructs designating the basic arithmetic operations are available, along with comparison relators. As regards functions, we have variables of another sort, out of which compound terms are formed by means of constructs designating addition and differentiation. An array of predicates designates various relationships between functions, as well as function properties, that may hold over intervals of the real line; those are: function comparisons, strict and non-strict monotonicity / convexity / concavity, comparisons between the derivative of a function and a real-valued term.Our decision method consists in preprocessing the given formula into an equi-satisfiable quantifier-free formula of the elementary algebra of real numbers, whose satisfiability can then be checked by means of Tarski's decision method. No direct reference to functions will appear in the target formula, each function variable having been superseded by a collection of stub real variables; hence, in order to prove that the proposed translation is satisfiability-preserving, we must figure out a flexible-enough family of interpolating C1 functions that can accommodate a model for the source formula whenever the target formula turns out to be satisfiable.With respect to the results announced in earlier papers of the same stream, a significant effort went into designing the family of interpolating functions so that it could meet the new constraints stemming from the presence of function addition (along with differentiation) among the constructs of our fragment of mathematical analysis.