E-voting System Research Articles

Security Challenges around the Student Representative Council’s e-Voting System at Public-Funded University in the Western Cape

Security Challenges around the Student Representative Council’s e-Voting System at Public-Funded University in the Western Cape

Securing Democratic Elections to Protect E-Voting System via Cryptography in the United States

Securing Democratic Elections to Protect E-Voting System via Cryptography in the United States

Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Kepala Desa e-Voting di Kabupaten Magetan

The development of information technology has also created various innovations, including in the government sector, such as the implementation of village head elections using the e-voting system. In this activity, the author acts as a village head election committee with the main task of preparing the Temporary Voter List (DPS) and preparing the Permanent Voter List (DPT). For the author, this activity is a form of community service activity. The stages of implementing village head elections include: formation of a committee, coordination meetings, registration and determination of village head candidates, voting via an e-voting system, announcement of results, and ending with the disbandment of the committee. The method of implementing service uses qualitative methods. The implementation of village head elections using the e-voting system in Magetan Regency ran in an orderly and safe manner.

Advanced E-Voting System

Advancements in technology have led to the evolution of voting systems, paving the way for sophisticated e-voting solutions. This abstract delves into the design and critical components of an advanced e-voting system. The proposed system integrates cutting-edge security measures, utilizing encryption, blockchain technology, and robust authentication protocols to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of votes cast. Accessibility remains a paramount consideration, with provisions made for inclusivity through user-friendly interfaces and support for diverse voter groups, including those with disabilities. Scalability and reliability underpin the system's architecture, ensuring seamless operation during high-demand scenarios without compromising performance. Privacy preservation is addressed through cryptographic techniques that dissociate voter identity from ballots

Blockchain-Based E-Voting Systems: A Technology Review

The employment of blockchain technology in electronic voting (e-voting) systems is attracting significant attention due to its ability to enhance transparency, security, and integrity in digital voting. This study presents an extensive review of the existing research on e-voting systems that rely on blockchain technology. The study investigates a range of key research concerns, including the benefits, challenges, and impacts of such systems, together with technologies and implementations, and an identification of future directions of research in this domain. We use a hybrid review approach, applying systematic literature review principles to select and categorize scientific papers and reviewing the technology used in these in terms of the above key concerns. In the 252 selected papers, aspects such as security, transparency, and decentralization are frequently emphasized as the main benefits. In contrast, although aspects like privacy, verifiability, efficiency, trustworthiness, and auditability receive significant attention, they are not the primary focus. We observed a relative lack of emphasis on aspects such as accessibility, compatibility, availability, and usability in the reviewed literature. These aspects, although acknowledged, are not as thoroughly discussed as the aforementioned key benefits in the proposed solutions for blockchain-based e-voting systems, whereas the considered studies have proposed well-structured solutions for blockchain-based e-voting systems focusing on how blockchain can strengthen security, transparency, and privacy, in particular, the crucial aspect of scalability needs attention.

Penerapan Sistem E-Voting Dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa Lito Kecamatan Paguyaman Pantai Kabupaten Boalemo Tahun 2019

<p>This research aims to discuss the application of the e-voting system in the election of the head of Lito village, Paguyaman Pantai District, Boalemo Regency in 2019. In this research the researcher used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, where what was obtained was in accordance with the conditions that occurred in the field. or the data obtained is in accordance with what the community feels in selecting village heads using the e-voting system, data obtained through observation and direct interviews with informants for the sake of data accuracy in research. The object of this research is to measure the success of the e-voting system in the election of village heads, thus in the election of village heads through the e-voting system it has been running well, this can be seen from the high level of community participation in giving their voting rights. The factors that influence the implementation of the e-voting system are due to the lack of information from the implementing committee, so there are still many people who are not confident about the security of elections using the e-voting system. The conclusion in this research is that the implementation of the e-voting system in village head elections has gone well, while the influencing factor is a lack of information, so in the future socialization to the community must be intense so that the community believes in the level of security of the e-voting system.</p>

A Review of Blockchain-Based E-Voting Systems: Comparative Analysis and Findings

A Review of Blockchain-Based E-Voting Systems: Comparative Analysis and Findings

Darunnajah Vote System Application Design Using PHP Programming Language

Voting is the most important part of choosing leaders in an organization or institution, especially for those of us who use a democratic system. The election of organizational leaders in Darunnajah is still carried out conventionally, elections still use paper to select organizational leaders which is carried out by recording and counting the name or picture of one of the candidates. Creating the Darunnajah Vote System in the form of a web application for the election of organizational leaders in the Darunnajah environment can speed up the voting process. The web application is built using PHP and MySQL with features of user management, class management, candidate management, and E-Voting. This study aims to build an e-voting system that is expected to provide voting results quickly, and accurately and can be monitored in real-time during the implementation of the leader election. This system development method uses a web application-based SDLC Waterfall model. Testing using the black box method, every feature contained in the Darunnajah Vote System application, namely the Admin Login feature, User Login, User Voting, and User Data Processing features runs normally and functions properly.

A Publicly Verifiable E-Voting System Based on Biometrics

Voters use traditional paper ballots, a method limited by the factors of time and space, to ensure their voting rights are exercised; this method requires a lot of manpower and resources. Duplicate voting problems may also occur, meaning the transparency and reliability of the voting results cannot be guaranteed. With the rapid developments in science and technology, E-voting system technology is being adopted more frequently in election activities. However, E-voting systems still cannot address the verifiability of the election process; the results of a given election and the credibility of the host organization will be questioned if the election’s verifiability cannot be ensured. Elections may also pose a series of problems related to privacy, security, and so on. To address these issues, this paper presents a public, and verifiable E-voting system with hidden statistics; this system is based on commitment, zk-SNARKs, and machine learning. The system can deal with a large number of candidates, complex voting methods, and result functions in counting both hidden and public votes and can satisfy the requirements of verifiability, privacy, security, and intelligence. Our security analysis shows that our scheme achieves privacy, hidden vote counting and verifiability. Our performance evaluation demonstrates that our system has reasonable applications in real scenarios.

Pengembangan Aplikasi E-Voting Untuk Pemilihan RT/RW Menggunakan Metode Waterfall di Lingkungan Masyarakat Daerah Macan Lindungan Bukit

This research focused on RT.003 RW.003 in Macan Lindungan Bukit area. The RT.003.RW.003 area is included in Bukit Baru Village, Ilir Barat I District, Macan Lindungan Region. Bukit Baru Village has existed since February 22, 1996. Initially, Bukit Baru Village was the result of the expansion of Bukit Lama Village. Bukit Baru sub-district, especially the RT.003 area, was initially very quiet and deserted because most of the area was swamp, where the population was still very small. Along with the progress of development and the increase in living standards and the success of government, especially RT.003, Bukit Baru Village, it can be said to be developing well. As an area that is still developing towards a developed society area, the selection of RT.003 and RW.003 in this area is still done manually. Where residents are invited to come to the meeting hall to vote, with paper and pens distributed by the committee to choose the candidate for RT/RW chairman. In this research, we will develop an E-Voting application system, which will be implemented in RT.003 in Macan Lindungan area. E-Voting was developed to make it easier for citizens to vote and to know the results quickly. The method used in software development uses the Waterfall system planning method using Unified Modeling Language (UML) and system testing uses black box testing. With the web-based e-voting application development model, residents no longer have to come to the polling place but residents can simply vote from home. The programming language used in developing this e-voting application is Web-based PHP and a database that uses MYSQL. Residents who are voters in RT.003 area will be given a user name and password in the online voting process, and can see the vision and mission platform of RT.003 chairman candidates in the e-voting application. The e-voting system that was built provides an interface that is easy for users to use and offers a data search process and election report results that can be immediately known, compared to manual processes.

Optimizing Electronic Voting System in Village Head Elections: Evaluation and Recommendations from Sleman Regency, Indonesia

INTRODUCTION: The rapid technological advancements of Industry 4.0 have influenced government politics, extending to the adoption of electronic voting in village head elections. In Sleman, e-voting was introduced in 2020, aiming for voting system efficiency and synchronization of population data, positioning the region as an e-voting pioneer in Indonesia. While e-voting offers efficiency and cost savings, it faces some problems. OBJECTIVES: This study endeavors to comprehensively assess the implementation of the e-voting system in village head elections and provide recommendations for its optimization, with a specific focus on the context of Sleman Regency.METHODS: This qualitative research encompasses data from 17 villages spread across 35 sub-districts within Sleman Regency. The study utilizes a comprehensive approach that includes secondary data analysis, incorporating literature, internet-based resources, scientific journals, books, regulations, and official documents. It further involves interviews with government officials at Sleman offices, officials at polling stations, and voters. Additionally, observational data is gathered to shed light on the intricate dynamics of e-voting.RESULTS: The evaluation focused on four pivotal aspects of the e-voting system's success: public trust, public participation, technology, and adherence to election principles. The findings reveal improved dynamics in 2021 when compared to 2020. Public trust in the e-voting system has notably increased, aligning with the relatively successful implementation in the previous year. While community participation has reached a satisfactory level, it has yet to attain full community control, with interesting nuances observed, particularly in less ‘advanced’ villages where participation tends to be lower. In the realm of technology, the e-voting system excels in terms of security, hardware reliability, the comprehensiveness of application features, and user-friendliness.CONCLUSION: The study underscores that the enhancement of e-voting systems presents an avenue to fortify democratic practices and electoral processes in Indonesia. Acknowledging imperfections in data collection systems and addressing participation disparities among villages should be prioritised. Furthermore, the study suggests that comprehensive future research is needed to evaluate the feasibility of extending e-voting systems to higher levels of government elections. This examination offers valuable insights into the evolution of e-voting in Indonesia and the prospects for its expansion in democratisation efforts.

Electronic Democracy: Enhancing Participation and Transparency through E-Voting

This study aims to examine the implementation of the e-voting system in Indonesia, focusing on its stages, challenges, and potential. The methods employed include document analysis and literature review related to e-voting, encompassing case studies of implementation in Belgium and the Netherlands. The study found that the implementation of e-voting in Indonesia is still in its initial stage and is limited by the uneven distribution of electronic identification (e-KTP). E-voting has the potential to simplify the election process in Indonesia, an archipelagic nation, thereby saving time and costs. However, challenges related to data security, process confidentiality, and election integrity must be addressed. Furthermore, the implementation of e-voting requires supportive infrastructure, adequate public education, and a robust legal framework. The findings of this study indicate that, although e-voting offers efficiency, the decision to adopt it should be made thoughtfully, weighing the pros and cons, as well as considering its impact on public participation.

An Exploration of Blockchain Protocols for Trusted Vote Aggregation: A Consensus Algorithm Approach

The application of blockchain technology in electronic voting (e-voting) systems represents a promising solution to the perennial challenges of trust, transparency, and security in electoral processes. This study aims to identify a suitable blockchain protocol that supports trustworthy vote aggregation and has a suitable consensus algorithm to validate vote counting. Our research methodology includes an extensive literature review and a comparative analysis of different blockchain protocols. Considering this, we examine various consensus algorithms such as Proof of Work, Proof of Stake, and Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance among others, each of which presents unique strengths and challenges. In addition, this study enriches the existing body of knowledge by proposing a novel algorithm that works at the edge of the network to validate and aggregate votes on the blockchain. This newly proposed algorithm is designed to provide maximum security, reliability, and accuracy while minimizing computational resources and network overhead. Our comprehensive research and innovative proposal serve to strengthen the potential of blockchain protocols and their consensus algorithms in the field of electronic voting systems. The results of this research could significantly influence the development and implementation of secure, transparent, and reliable e-voting systems based on blockchain technology, paving the way for more democratic and accountable voting mechanisms.

Advancements in Blockchain Based Architecture for E-Voting System

Blockchain based E-voting system can be revolution- ary in terms of security and tamper proof, transparent elections and hence empower the democracy. Blockchain E-voting is already implemented at organisational level. But at state/national level it faces challenges such as privacy, stability, latency etc. To counter them we require advanced implementation techniques from multiple disciplines. These techniques are 2-layer-solution, sharding for scalability issue, optimizing consensus algorithm and off-chain transaction for reducing latency, zero knowledge proof, using multiple protocols for user privacy etc. General architecture of blockchain is explained in details which combines election creation, voter registration, voter transaction, tallying the results and vote verification. We have discussed how integrating E-voting with blockchain document verification system can be benificial. It is complicated to implement at state, national level and need additional research and implementation to make blockchain E- voting acceptable in elections across the world. Through research and innovation we can make blockchain voting mainstream.

Designing a framework for blockchain-based e-voting system for Libya

A transition to democratic rule is considered the first step down a long road towards Libya’s recovery and prosperity. Thus, it strives to improve the country’s elections by introducing new technologies. A blockchain is a distributed ledger that is characterised by independence and security. Therefore, it has been widely applied in various fields ranging from credit encryption and digital currency. With the development of internet technology, electronic voting (E-voting) systems have been greatly popularised. However, they suffer from various security threats, which create a sense of distrust among existing systems. Integrating blockchain with online elections is a promising trend, which could lead to make an election transparent, immutable, reliable, and more secure. In this paper, we present a literature review and a case analysis of blockchain technology. Moreover, a framework for an E-voting system based on blockchain is proposed. The methodology is adopted on the basis of three activities, they are identification of the relevant literature about E-voting, system modelling, and the determination of suitable technological tools. The framework is secure and reliable. Thus, it could help increase the number of voters and ensure a high level of participation, as well as facilitate free and fair electoral processes.

Designing a framework for blockchain-based e-voting system for Libya

A transition to democratic rule is considered the first step down a long road towards Libya’s recovery and prosperity. Thus, it strives to improve the country’s elections by introducing new technologies. A blockchain is a distributed ledger that is characterised by independence and security. Therefore, it has been widely applied in various fields ranging from credit encryption and digital currency. With the development of internet technology, electronic voting (E-voting) systems have been greatly popularised. However, they suffer from various security threats, which create a sense of distrust among existing systems. Integrating blockchain with online elections is a promising trend, which could lead to make an election transparent, immutable, reliable, and more secure. In this paper, we present a literature review and a case analysis of blockchain technology. Moreover, a framework for an E-voting system based on blockchain is proposed. The methodology is adopted on the basis of three activities, they are identification of the relevant literature about E-voting, system modelling, and the determination of suitable technological tools. The framework is secure and reliable. Thus, it could help increase the number of voters and ensure a high level of participation, as well as facilitate free and fair electoral processes

Blockchain Based E-Voting and Electoral Fraud Detection

Abstract: By focusing on its applicability in the identification and mitigation of electoral fraud, this review article investigates the potential value of blockchain technology in enhancing the integrity of electronic voting (e-voting) systems. It is more important than ever to safeguard the legitimacy and security of democratic processes as e-voting becomes more popular worldwide. Blockchain offers a promising way to strengthen confidence and transparency in electronic voting because of its decentralized organization and immutable record. This review analyzes blockchain’s potential for detecting and preventing electoral fraud, explains its benefits and drawbacks, and supports its viability with relevant case studies. This work adds to the continuing conversation about robust and durable e-voting systems by combining existing studies.

A scalable decentralized privacy-preserving e-voting system based on zero-knowledge off-chain computations

Electronic voting has the potential to revolutionize democratic participation; however, conventional systems face challenges in ensuring transparency and bear risks associated with centralization. Blockchain technology presents a novel approach that mitigates many of these issues, yet scalability remains an obstacle for blockchain-based e-voting systems. This paper introduces a unique, decentralized e-voting scheme that employs zero-knowledge off-chain computations to efficiently handle large-scale elections while maintaining a constant on-chain storage requirement. This scheme promotes transparency, privacy, universal verifiability, and weak receipt-freeness. We introduce the innovative concept of ’ballot boxes’ to offset voters’ transaction costs. The scheme’s key feature is its capacity to manage large-scale elections, leveraging the positive attributes of blockchain technology. A proof-of-concept has been implemented on the Ethereum test network to validate the scheme’s viability, thus paving a promising path toward scalable, secure, and privacy-preserving e-voting systems.

VoteBlock: Blockchain Based E-Voting System

In the contemporary digital landscape, where the ease of hacking and system breaches prevails, the potential for data tampering looms, resulting in unfavourable circumstances. To mitigate this rick, blockchain technology emerges as steadfast solution, characterised by its near- impenetrable security features, rendering data alteration virally impossible. The act of voting, integral to any nation’s democratic process, stands as a cornerstone of societal decision making. The consequences of vote miscalculation or manipulation by external forces are dire, emphasising the need for a secure and reliable system. It is in this context that blockchain technology plays a cubical role, offering an avenue to enhance the integrity and accessibility of the voting process. This paper presents a comprehensive proposal for decentralised national e-voting system build upon blockchain technology. The system incorporates an administrative panel designed to facilitate the scheduling of elections, candidate management, and the declaration of election results. Concurrently, a user-friendly web application empowers citizens with an interface for inputting their personal details, including their name, mobile number, and a live photo captured during the voting process. To maintain the integrity of the voting system, voter eligibility is rigorously verified at the point of User ID entry. A crucial layer of security is added by confirming eligible voters through their registers phone numbers using One Time Passwords (OTPs). Subsequently, individual voters gain the privilege to cast their votes, with their actions monitored through a webcam or front cameras. Votes are securely recorded within a blockchain ledger, immune to tapering, while the system checks the voter’s addressed corresponding constituency in the backend. The voting results are diligently declared on a predefined date and managed by the administrator, with graphical representations available to provide clarity and transparency. This holistic system not only upholds the sanctity of the voting process but also offers citizens a technologically advanced and secure means to exercise their democratic rights

An Efficient E-Voting System for Business Intelligence Innovation Based on Blockchain

AbstractBusiness intelligence (BI) is driven by data and provides valuable business insights and decision support through data analysis, mining, and visualization. The application of blockchain technology in electronic voting can make the voting process more fair and transparent. This is because the decentralized nature of blockchain technology ensures that voting data is not lost due to a single central server failure and also mitigates the risk of data tampering. However, electronic voting still faces security issues that are not easily resistant to quantum attacks. To address these challenges, we propose post-quantum cryptography and verifiable random functions for secure and efficient business intelligence electronic voting. Firstly, we propose a post-quantum verifiable random function algorithm that can resist quantum computer attacks. Secondly, we introduce a consensus algorithm based on random functions to achieve fast and efficient consensus. Thirdly, we propose a blockchain architecture based on the consensus algorithm to achieve secure and efficient blockchain applications. By integrating post-quantum verifiable random functions, consensus algorithms, and blockchain technology, we present an efficient business intelligence electronic voting system. Implementation and comparison with relevant designs demonstrate that this system provides efficient and secure electronic voting services for business intelligence users. Furthermore, the efficient consensus algorithm can be utilized to improve other blockchain applications or decentralized applications.