E-government Evaluation Research Articles

Evaluation of Indonesia’s police public service platforms through sentiment and thematic analysis

The Indonesian national police (Polri) offer public services through mobile apps: Digital korlantas polri (DigiKorlantas) and samsat digital nasional (SIGNAL). Sentiment analysis gauges public perceptions, serving as a basis for e-government evaluation using user ratings and comments from app stores. Keyword relevance is assessed via feature extraction and Naïve Bayes classification. Thematic analysis is implemented using N-grams methods to identify the factors affecting the effectiveness based on user experiences. The accuracy of the model reaches 81.09% where it indicates a high performance. DigiKorlantas acquires slightly more negative reviews in comparation with positive reviews which are 51% and 49% respectively. In contrast, positive sentiment is dominant on SIGNAL which reach 58%, compared with negative sentiment that in 42%. N-grams reveal similar review patterns for both apps. Some of the solutions are Korlantas Polri should enhance the verification functionality with several techniques such as retinex algorithms or optical character recognition pipeline and increase the capacity of supporting server then releasing an updated version of application to address errors or bugs. This analysis can be alternative evaluation by the Polri to measure the success of the application and find out the continuous improvement of the process and the system.

Analysing e-government maturity models

This paper aims at assessing the current e-government maturity models to identify their strengths and limitations. In doing so, a systematic literature review has been used to examine the existing e-government maturity models during the period 2000-2021. Our analysis indicates that despite the fact that e-government-maturity models provide potentially useful tools for e-government evaluation, there are significant differences across the existing e-government-maturity models in terms of the number of stages, what users can do at progressive stages, and particular perspectives underscored at specific stages. However, the shift from 'stage-based maturity models' to 'dimensional-based maturity models' is clearly observed. The new wave of e-government maturity models (2012 onward) sees e-government as a path for pursuing digital, resilience, equal, and inclusive societies rather than only as a mechanism to deliver e-services. Additionally, the existing e-government maturity models reached their possibilities to demonstrate the advanced maturity levels of e-government such as smart government.

Evaluating e-Government: Themes, trends, and directions for future research

As observed by e-Government scholars, the use of digital technology in the public sector has intensified during the last decade. With digital infrastructures becoming more complex, we argue that it is important to study the evaluation of their use. In this paper, we study the literature on the evaluation of e-Government. With a bibliometric analysis of keywords, combined with a narrative analysis of highly cited papers, we sought to characterize the literature on evaluation and identify themes and trends to propose directions for further research. Our findings reveal seven themes of e-Government evaluation research. Our analysis of highly cited papers disclosed that the literature is characterized by a service-dominant logic, with citizens’ adoption of government services and Web sites being assessed by statistical analysis of surveys. We note the shaky theoretical foundations of e-Government evaluation, a field that has been subject to a plethora of localized models. We conclude that evaluation efforts in e-Government research have been characterized by studies in which digital technology efforts have been judged on narrow grounds, such as ease of use. Based on these findings, we propose a research agenda that includes a shift from evaluation of services to a focus on “big questions”, such as emancipation and democracy. We propose that scholars should undertake more case studies of evaluative practices to form stronger theories with solid empirical foundations.

A Systematic Literature Review of E-Government Evaluation

The adoption of information and communication technology has had an effect on remodeling the general public service delivery system called e-government. E-government evaluation is a crucial aspect to evaluate how a long way the improvement in the quality of the public service delivery system provided by the technology. This study aim was to summarize and to decide the influencing factors in e-government evaluation by analyzing published scientific articles. This research method used a systematic literature review. The authors performed searches for scientific articles in online database Elsevier (Scopus) written in English and can be accessed in full paper. This study uses 18 articles of data to conduct a systematic literature review. The findings show that most previous studies on e-government service evaluation published in 2018 and 2020. The findings also show that developing countries are the most dominating research locations. In addition, the findings show the influencing factors in e-government evaluation are 1) user satisfaction consist of reliability/efficiency, compatibility, perceived of benefit, trust, responsiveness, overall satisfaction; 2) Site Quality consist of information quality, system quality, service quality, perceived usefulness, ease to use, accessibility, security and privacy, effectiveness, design, and content; 3) Facilitating condition consist of IT infrastructure. These twelve variables can be used as basis for future research to evaluate the quality of e-government. This study has limitations because it only uses the online database Elsevier (Scopus) as a database to obtain published scientific article data during 2014-2021.

Research on the Application of Adaptive Matching Tracking Algorithm Fused with Neural Network in the Development of E-Government

With the development of information technology and the deepening of government system reform, e-government has become one of the key points of government construction. However, both in developing countries and developed countries, there is a common phenomenon that the success rate of e-government projects is not high. Although various e-government evaluation index systems have been proposed in both theoretical research and application aspects, which provide strong support for the development of e-government, these index systems still have limitations. This paper comprehensively applies BP neural network and adaptive matching tracking, and constructs an e-government performance evaluation model based on adaptive matching neural network. We conduct simulation experiments on the constructed model to verify the accuracy and rationality of the model evaluation. It is feasible to introduce the Balanced Scorecard to construct the E-government performance evaluation index system. The constructed index system has strong objectivity, operability, comprehensiveness, guidance and sustainability, and can be applied to the practice of e-government performance evaluation. It is feasible to use the adaptive matching tracking neural network model to evaluate the performance of e-government. The model has the ability to self-learn the evaluation samples, and can grasp the mapping relationship between the evaluation indicators and the evaluation results, so as to imitate the evaluation of experts, and overcome the evaluation randomness and subjective uncertainty that are difficult to get rid of in traditional manual evaluation. In order to better evaluate the operation status of the e-government system and its adaptability to future needs, and find out its existing problems, this paper fully considers the interaction process between the government and enterprises, and establishes a corresponding responsive government. The application of adaptive matching tracking neural network model for e-government performance evaluation has better optimization results than the original BP neural network model. The specific performance is that the convergence speed is fast, the training will not fall into a local minimum, and the error of the evaluation results is small.

Accessibility in Jordan's E-Government Evaluation Using a Generalized Linear Classification Model

Accessibility in Jordan's E-Government Evaluation Using a Generalized Linear Classification Model

Digital Transformation of the Government: A Case Study in Indonesia

The world’s Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Society 5.0 are massively utilising the Internet of Things, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Robotic technology to solve various challenges and social problems. The challenge for the government now is to fully utilise these technologies to improve public services and government administrations. This study focuses on the transformation process of an e-government to become a digital government. The study aims to analyse the current development of e-government in Indonesia and the barriers to implement it as well as to propose how to transform from being an e-government to becoming a digital government. It uses a qualitative approach supported by secondary data. Focus Group Discussion was held in May 2019 to identify e-government barriers factors. The secondary data, meanwhile, was collected through e-government surveys published by the United Nations and E-government Evaluation issued by Indonesia’s Ministry of Empowerment Apparatus and Bureaucracy Reform. Data obtained was analysed using descriptive analysis techniques. Study shows that the development of Indonesia’s e-government is slow and lags behind other ASEAN countries. The E-government index in government institutions is not on target. There is a gap between the e-government indexes and central institutions and gaps between the Provincial and Regency / City Governments. The barriers factors of e-government are: (1) Regulations are not sufficient enough to encourage and guide e-government (2) Lack of data integration; (3) Gaps in the availability of ICT infrastructure between regions; (4) Limited ICT competence and, (5) Bureaucratic culture and leadership. Keywords: Indonesia, e-government, digital transformation, barrier factor, qualitative methodology.

Evaluation of Governance and Management of Information Technology Services Using Cobit 2019 and ITIL 4

The implementation of E-government evaluation is already a necessity to know the level of process of governance and management of service and provide improvement suggestions for quality improvement. Evaluation of the governance and management of services at the Directorate Institutional, Directorate General of Higher Education using the COBIT 2019, by measuring the capability process level based on the design factor which recommends improvement priorities in the 11 domain COBIT 2019 and the level of user satisfaction of service applications using the E-govqual model. IT capability level assessment results have 3 levels 0 processes or no existing approaches, 6 levels 1 processes or incomplete approaches, 1 level 2 process or initial approach fulfils the intent of the practice area and 1 Process level 3 or achievement of objectives is much more organized. Service Satisfaction rate measurement get 3 criteria in Quadrant A or priority improvement, 13 criteria in quadrant B or maintained, 12 criteria in quadrant C or less priority and 3 criteria in Quadrant D or less expected. Repair recommendations are compiled based on the SWOT model, referring to COBIT 2019 and ITIL 4. The results of the recommendation include increased competency of human resources and integrate services with PDDIKTI.

The effects of e-government evaluation, trust and the digital divide in the levels of e-government use in European countries

Despite the significant amounts of public investment devoted to enhancing e-government over the last ten years, citizens’ use of this service is still limited, posing a challenge to national governments. By analysing panel data derived from 27 European countries for the period 2010 to 2018, our work confirms that citizens’ use of e-government services is influenced by supply-side e-government evaluations, citizens’ trust in governments and the digital divide associated to income and education. Moreover, a longitudinal cluster analysis allows us to identify patterns of behaviour between the countries as regards the way those variables interact with the use of e-government services over time. Relevant practical implications derive from the research that can guide public policy in the area of e-government.

Integration of eucs variables into delone and mclean models for e-government evaluation: Conceptual models

This research was based on the modification of the DeLone and McLean information systems models by adding end-user computing satisfaction variables to determine the success factors for e-government systems. This model was adopted due to the aim of this study to investigate the factors responsible for the successful implementation of e-government by bringing it closer to public value. However, while the DeLone and McLean models focus more on the information system approach, the model proposed was on the premise that system quality (SQ), information quality (IQ), content (CO) and format (FO) are determinants of e-government system user satisfaction. Furthermore, the net benefits through a five-dimensional public value determinants were used to evaluate e-government websites from a community perspective. Responses from 150 communities were analyzed by smart PLS 3.0 using structural equation models to examine the relationship between the constructs of the proposed model. This study contributes to the research gap in adopting DeLone and McLean's model in the e-government due to the limitation in its validation for different contexts. The results support the effect of content variables on user satisfaction and simultaneously prove that it is possible to explain net benefits, with an r-squared value of 69.1%, using the variables in the proposed model. The five dimensions of public value adopted all proved to have a positive influence with a confidence level of 95%. The level of construct significance identified is able to help in the formulation of strategies to improve e-government services.

Development of the E-Government Evaluation Model on City Level Through Pattern System Approach

The evaluation process of e-government continues to be investigated in various parts of the world. It becomes an important thing to do an evaluation as a benchmark for the government as a developer of the e-government to find out how the current conditions of e-government with the objectives to be achieved, namely to get a more efficient and effective government process. Many studies tried to develop an evaluation model but only focus on a number of aspects from e-government. Some of them tried to examine the efficiency of e-government through outcomes in the form of services and the impact from using e-government from the perspective of users and providers of e-government services. In this study, evaluation of e-government is based on a systems pattern approach through input - process - output - impact from the development of e-government. In this study will use a case study from the city of Surabaya as one of the cities with a very good predicate by the Indonesian e-Government Ranking (PeGI). The final results of this study are in the form of a comprehensive model for evaluating e-government at the city level.

Modelling the Smart Governance Performance to Support Smart City Program in Indonesia

Every local government in Indonesia is in a race to become the leading innovator of smart city initiatives. The ambitious urban digitization program: “Gerakan 100 Smart City” was initiated in 2017 by the Ministry of Communication and Information, supported by the Ministry of Public Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Public Works and Housing, and the Ministry of National Development Planning. Although the urban digitization program of smart city sounds promising, the implementation is lacking since there is neither specific national standard nor guidance to assist local government undertaking the smart city initiatives. With respect to the smart governance dimension that serves as an important foundation for delivering government-related services, there is limited indicators and the related formula to measure its performance. This research fills the gaps by modelling indicators and formula in the smart governance dimension to support the smart city program. The research was conducted by identifying the smart governance purposes, mapping the current related governance indicators, and developing a model for smart governance performance. The model was then validated by three experts of smart city and e-government evaluation and implemented in Surabaya City as a case study. The proposed model results in 29 indicators in three different domains and seven aspects of assessment. The model can serve as a reference for smart governance performance evaluation to support smart city initiatives in Indonesia.

The role of future-oriented technology analysis in e-Government: a systematic review

During the last three decades, many governments have incorporated Information and Communication Technologies in their internal and external processes, a phenomenon widely known as electronic government (e-Government). Rationales for e-Government include increasing public services’ efficiency, speed, transparency, accountability, etc., and enhancing relations between government and stakeholders (citizens, businesses, third sector organisations). e-Government programmes are large-scale innovation projects; and Future-oriented Technology Analysis, FTA, is often used in the design of public policies in science, technology and innovation. FTA tools allow for systematic appraisal of potential challenges, opportunities, and threats, and thus informing the design of long-term strategies. The aim of this paper is to examine what a systematic literature review tells us about the application of FTA to support e-Government planning, implementation or evaluation. The review confirms that FTA played a role in supporting some e-Government initiatives, especially in their planning stages. However, few relevant exercises of this sort are reported in the English language, though the e-Government literature itself in that language- is voluminous. Previous researchers often attribute weaknesses in e-Government efforts to deficiencies in vision and strategic planning. Hopefully, this review can encourage both FTA and e-Government practitioners to apply FTA to e-Government development. This suggests that there is both opportunity and need to take greater advantage of FTA in this field.

Theoretical Framework Formation for e-government Services Evaluation: Case Study of Federal Republic of Nigeria

Objectives: Throughout the e-government services adoption and evaluation several frameworks have been developed;however, there is a need to go further into combining several model and theories in creating these frameworks.Methods/Statistical Analysis: The research aims to develop an effective framework that will be best use in the nation to effectively evaluate the e-government services. In addition to that the research model is hereby created, the importance of this is to have the generate systematicand comprehensive approach with regards to e-government services frameworks by looking in to some multiple parameters which will be used to reduces the gap in this field.Findings:This paper investigated few key element of the e-government services evaluation theoretical framework development, based on the federal republic of Nigeria’s scenario. This research goes deep in to the theoretical framework formation and e-government services and its evaluations especially in the developed countries.Application/Improvements:Considering the progress in this research, much have been done to formulate the theoretical framework for evaluating the e-government services in the Federal Republic of Nigeria, this can be used widely in the African nations considering a minimum customization.

E-government services evaluation from citizen satisfaction perspective

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the current status of e-government services in Afghanistan. To identify the evaluation criteria based on citizen satisfaction from e-government services, the proposed government-to-citizen (G2C) evaluation model is considered in the context of Afghanistan. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual G2C evaluation model and e-government evaluation model are proposed. The criteria used for the G2C evaluation model is based on the demand and supply side, which have an immense effect on citizen satisfaction. The mixed research method (quantitative and qualitative) is used, and quantitative data analysis results are supported through qualitative data analysis. Findings The findings reveal that citizen satisfaction from e-government services in Afghanistan are affected by services availability on multiple channels, citizen-centric features, paralingual support, process performance, skills divide, awareness, information security and transaction security. Research limitations/implications Yet to be addressed, three criteria deemed as significant factors are recommended to be included in the model, namely, government readiness, system quality (usability, service quality and information quality) for supply side and social divide for demand side. These three criteria can help in proposing a successful G2C evaluation model. Additionally, the quantitative data used in this study were collected through paper-based questionnaires. Data collection through Internet can help to get responses from various parts of the country for future evaluation of G2C services. Practical implications The key findings of this study are vitally important for e-government strategies and policy makers to design and disseminate appropriate e-government services to Afghan citizens. The proposed evaluation model can also be used as a guideline for e-government development in Afghanistan. Originality/value A conceptual model for e-government services evaluation approach is proposed based on literature review. The proposed G2C evaluation model identifies and validates key factors and criteria in the context of Afghanistan.

Pengembangan Model Evaluasi Kualitas Layanan Sistem E-Government

. In many countries, e-government system has been built to support the government in providing services to the community and industry. Although the system had been developed and has been successfully executed, the level of user acceptance and the quality level of service is often not satisfactory. The aim of this study is to develop a model for of e-government system evaluation. E-government evaluation model was developed by combining aspects of government services (public services) as well as aspects of service quality of electronic-based systems. The model was tested using empirical data. Questionnaires filled online using a web-based application, 108 samples were collected and 88 samples were declared valid to be used for measurement model analysis and e-government system evaluation. Analysis of reliability and validity of the measurement model was conducted using partial least square (PLS) technique. Analysis of the e-government system evaluation results was carried out by utilizing importance-performance analysis (IPA) method. The model developed is used to evaluate an e-government system developed by the Ministry of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia, called Inatrade. The results of Inatrade system evaluation using IPA method show that information completeness, fulfillment, responsiveness and contact are the dimensions that need to be given priority in the improvement process of Inatrade system.

Multicriteria decision support for global e-government evaluation

E-government refers to the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) by governments to provide digital services to citizens and businesses over the Internet, at local, national or international level. Benchmarking and assessing e-government is therefore necessary to monitor performance and progress by individual countries and identify areas for improvement. Although such measurements have already been initiated by various organizations, they scarcely highlight the multidimensional nature of the assessment. This paper outlines a multicriteria methodology to evaluate e-government using a system of eight evaluation criteria that are built on four points of view: (1) infrastructures, (2) investments, (3) e-processes, and (4) users’ attitude. The overall evaluation is obtained through an additive value model which is assessed with the involvement of a single decision maker–evaluator and the use of a multicriteria ordinal regression approach. Specifically, the UTA II method is used, whose interactive application process is divided in two phases. Its implementation is supported by MIIDAS (multicriteria interactive intelligent decision aiding system). This research work aims at supporting potential stakeholders to perform a global e-government evaluation, based on their own viewpoints and preferences. Finally, 21 European countries are evaluated and ranked considering the latest criteria data.

Bridging the gaps between e-government practice and research

Purpose– This study aims to map the dynamics of e-government rhetoric through a discourse analysis. The discussion and understanding is based on an identification and interpretation of emerging concepts in e-government reports and research journals. The goal is to unveil established concepts that influence e-government policy development in the public administration context.Design/methodology/approach– Institutional discourse and a policy cycle model are initially selected to guide an inter-textual meta-analysis and meta-synthesis of relevant e-government and public administration outlets. Key concepts are analysed based on their frequency in order of appearance and proximity to each-other. Themes emerging from concept-ideas feed-back to the theory by helping us to suggest a new e-government policy development framework informed by practice and research domains.Findings– The findings suggest that although a number of concept-ideas are being institutionalized in the field of e-government, there are persisting differences and discourses between public administration and e-government reports and journals. Most of the conceptual gaps identified by this study are related to emerging issues like e-government evaluation, engagement with end-users and connection gaps between policy, practice and research.Originality/value– This study advances the use of discursive institutionalism in e-government research by suggesting that concepts and ideas are institutionalized not only through discourse assimilation, but also by attracting and being able to keep other concept-ideas closely related into themes. Different policy development paths identified in e-government practice and research domains should be jointly considered by policy makers, managers and researchers to improve their implementation.

Evaluation about the Performance of E-Government Based on Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set

The evaluation is an important approach to promote the development of the E-Government. Since the rapid development of E-Government in the world, the E-Government performance evaluation has become a hot issue in the academia. In this paper, we develop a new evaluation method for the development of the E-Government based on the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set which is a powerful technique in expressing the uncertainty of the real situation. First, we extend the geometric Heronian mean (GHM) operator to interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environment and proposed the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy GHM (IIFGHM) operator. Then, we investigate the relationships between the IIFGHM operator and some existing ones, such as generalized interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy HM (GIIFHM) and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy weighted Bonferoni mean operator. Furthermore, we validate the effectiveness of the proposed method using a real case about the E-Government evaluation in Hangzhou City, China.

An Empirical Analysis on Yardstick Competition among Local Governments and Implications for Roles of e-Government in Efficient Provision of Local Public Goods

In this study, we analyze the efficiency of the equilibrium of yardstick competition among decentralized local governments and investigate its empirical significance by using Japanese prefecture-level data. The model included in the paper features incomplete contracts between a principal and an agent (i.e., residents and the local government, respectively). The model states that a local government attains accountability through the voting behavior of its residents in accordance with a yardstick comparison of their own locality with their neighboring localities. We find that local governments tend to under-supply local public goods; in addition, to improve the efficiency of the yardstick equilibrium, local governments must supply local public goods after considering regional disparities regarding residents' preference conditions and other factors. E-Government is a promising means of promoting information policy of local governments. Using an e-Government evaluation and an investigation of SNS use by local government, we indicate the effectiveness and the problems of Japanese e-Government.