E-commerce Research Articles

Electronic Commercial Contracts in Saudi Arabia: Legal and Regulatory Challenges

This study explores the legal and regulatory challenges associated with electronic commercial contracts in Saudi Arabia. As e-commerce grows globally, the Kingdom has witnessed rapid changes in commercial practices, necessitating a robust legal framework to regulate electronic contracts. The paper examines the historical development of e-commerce in Saudi Arabia, the regulatory framework governing electronic contracts, and the challenges that arise from their enforcement. Key issues include the compatibility of electronic transactions with traditional legal principles, the recognition of electronic signatures, and cybersecurity concerns that impact the validity and enforceability of these contracts. Additionally, the paper compares Saudi Arabia’s legal framework with international standards, highlighting gaps that hinder the effective regulation of electronic commerce in the Kingdom. Recommendations for reform include harmonizing local laws with global best practices and enhancing cybersecurity measures to foster trust in electronic transactions. The study emphasizes the need for legal clarity to support the growth of e-commerce while protecting both businesses and consumers in the digital age.

Shopee Marketplace Promotion on TikTok: AIDA Model Study on the Impact of Purchasing Behavior of Young Women in Makassar City, Indonesia

This study analyzes the impact of young women’s purchasing behavior on user activity driven by Shopee marketplace promotions on TikTok. This study adopts the Attention, Interest, Desire, and Action (AIDA) model to evaluate purchasing behavior. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey method was employed, involving 283 female adolescent respondents from Makassar City. This study utilizes the AIDA model to assess the independent variables, namely frequency, duration, and consistency, and their influence on the dependent variable, the purchasing behavior process. The findings reveal that purchasing behavior, as measured through the AIDA model, has a positive and significant effect on Shopee marketplace promotions on TikTok. The result of the hypothesis test confirms that Shopee marketplace promotions on TikTok social media influence the product purchasing behavior process. This study further explores various Shopee promotion strategies on TikTok, including discounts, flash sales, cashback offers, free shipping, and product codes. This study offers a new perspective on investigating popular e-commerce platforms in Southeast Asia, particularly among young digital-native consumers. The practical implications suggest that online marketplaces can utilize social media promotions to drive purchases through diverse and engaging promotional strategies.

Towards Improving E-Commerce Customer Review Analysis for Arabic Language Opinion Mining

In recent years, the rapid development of Internet-related technologies has facilitated the widespread adoption of online purchasing as a convenient means of satisfying consumer needs. Conducting sentiment analysis on user reviews on e-commerce platforms can substantially improve customer satisfaction. In order to resolve this issue, we propose a novel model for sentiment analysis that employs hybrid deep learning ensembles, combining RNN and TreeLSTM with AraBERT as the word embedding. Our research concentrates on creating a hybrid deep-learning model to predict Arabic sentiment accurately. We employ deep learning models with various word embeddings, such as RNN, LSTM, BiLSTM, TreeLSTM, RNN-LSTM, RNN-BiLSTM, and RNN-TreeLSTM. Multiple open-access datasets are used to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed model, including the BRAD dataset, the ARD dataset, and merged datasets containing 610,600 items. The experimental findings indicate that our proposed model is well-suited for evaluating the sentiments expressed in Arabic texts. Our strategy starts with extracting features using the Arabert model, followed by developing and training five hybrid deep-learning models. We attained a significant accuracy improvement of 0.9409 when comparing our method to traditional and hybrid deep learning techniques. This demonstrates that our proposed model precisely analyzes sentiment. These findings are important for enhancing the comprehension of emotions conveyed in Arabic text and have practical implications for various applications, especially e-commerce. By accurately assessing sentiment, businesses can better comprehend customer preferences and enhance consumer satisfaction by enhancing their offerings.

AI and Machine Learning in Enhancing Scalability and Efficiency of Integrated E-commerce and ERP Systems

This article explores the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in enhancing the integration of E-commerce platforms with Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. As E-commerce experiences explosive growth and ERP systems become increasingly complex, businesses face significant challenges in maintaining scalability and efficiency. We examine how AI and ML can optimize various aspects of these integrated systems, from intelligent automation and predictive analytics to anomaly detection and decision support. Through case studies and analysis of current trends, we demonstrate the tangible benefits of AI/ML implementation, including reduced costs, improved accuracy, and enhanced customer experiences. The article also addresses key challenges such as data quality, scalability, ethical considerations, and the skills gap. Finally, we explore future research directions in explainable AI, edge computing, blockchain integration, and natural language processing, highlighting their potential impacts on the E-commerce and ERP landscape.

Designing User Experience Improvement and User Behavior Pattern Recognition Algorithms in Design Operation

Enhancing user experience (UX) is a key component in customer retention and sales promotion in e-commerce platforms. To build an effective UX model it is necessary to predict the user behavior more accurately and develop UX model that is tailored based on those behavior patterns. Existing models lack the ability to integrate advanced Machine Learning (ML) models to address the challenges. This study is an attempt to tackle these limitations that employs advanced AI tools to predict user behavior so that to construct an more effective UX model. The study involved 80 users from China who were aged 26 to 52, with diverse backgrounds in education, occupation, and tech proficiency. The work have employed Google Analytics, Hotjar, and FullStory to collect the user interactions and by using Generalized Sequential Pattern (GSP) algorithm, Decision Trees (DT), and Logistic Regression (LR) the work attempts to accurately predict the user behavior patterns. The results show that the model achieved better accuracy of 0.8795 and an F1 Score of 0.8610 on the test dataset. It also excelled in conversion rate (12.34%) and bounce rate (28.65%) which show effectiveness in retaining users and converting visits into actions.

Information needs in bug reports for web applications

Given the widespread popularity and increasing reliance on long-lived web applications (such as Netflix and Facebook), effective and efficient bug reproduction is essential to maintain functionality and user satisfaction throughout the application’s lifetime. Developers use bug reports to localize, reproduce, and eventually fix software bugs. However, the content of bug reports is not always helpful (e.g., due to incomplete or missing information). In this study, we explore what type of information is often missing in bug reports and how that information is presented in them. We manually analyzed the initial and final versions of 1000 bug reports from 10 popular open-source web-based applications. The analysis revealed that, regardless of the type of software (e.g., e-commerce software or personal tools), diagnostic suggestions from developers and end-user usage information are often missing in initial bug reports but only added later throughout the lifetime of a bug report. Also, textual descriptions and screenshots are used most to describe bugs, regardless of the type of bug (e.g., a functional or performance error). The study highlighted the need for improved bug reporting templates and tools to improve bug report quality and efficiency in web application development and maintenance.

Emotional dialogue generation model of electronic commerce intelligent customer service based on topic expansion

Current electronic commerce (e-commerce) customer service systems often rely on retrieval-based methods, resulting in impersonal and emotionally flat responses. These systems struggle to handle diverse expressions and emotional nuances in user queries, leading to poor user experience. In this paper, we applied artificial intelligence techniques, notably the Gated Recurrent Unit model, to generate emotionally resonant dialogues in e-commerce customer service systems. We integrate intent recognition, emotion recognition, and topic expansion for accurate intent identification and nuanced responses. The model is trained on a customer service dataset from Jing Dong, a leading Chinese e-commerce platform. Through extensive experiments, we conducted comparative analyses against benchmark model Gated Recurrent Unit neural network. The results demonstrate that our model significantly outperforms existing approaches, achieving fluency, rationality, and emotionality scores of 62%, 58% and 61% respectively. These findings indicate that our approach generates responses with greater consistency to user intent and richer emotional content. The significance of these results lies in their potential to enhance user experience in e-commerce customer service interactions by providing more personalized and emotionally resonant automated responses.

Leveraging E-Commerce Platforms: Enhancing Student Entrepreneurship Skills in Indonesia's MBKM (Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka) Program

This article examines the role of e-commerce platforms in enhancing entrepreneurship skills among students within Indonesia's Merdeka Belajar – Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) program. As a pivotal initiative aimed at reforming higher education, MBKM emphasizes independent learning and practical experience, particularly in entrepreneurship. The rise of digital technology and e-commerce presents unique opportunities for students to engage in entrepreneurial activities that foster critical skills such as innovation, financial management, and marketing. This study highlights how online shopping platforms enable students to create and manage their own businesses, providing hands-on experience and exposure to real-world market dynamics. Through a mixed-methods approach, including surveys and interviews with students and educators, the findings reveal that leveraging e-commerce not only enhances students' entrepreneurial competencies but also encourages networking and collaboration within the entrepreneurial ecosystem. However, challenges such as limited digital literacy and market competition are identified, necessitating targeted support and training. The article concludes that integrating e-commerce into the MBKM framework can significantly improve students' readiness for the business world, aligning educational outcomes with industry demands. Recommendations for educators and policymakers are provided to optimize the use of digital technology in entrepreneurship education, ultimately fostering a new generation of skilled entrepreneurs in Indonesia.

Pengaruh Kemampuan Digital dan Kualitas Layanan Elektronik Terhadap Minat Beli Melalui E-Commerce

Currently, the world is experiencing rapid changes with the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Digital technology is rapidly developing worldwide, including in Indonesia. Technological advancements have permeated all human activities, including the business world, through innovations in electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce. This research uses descriptive quantitative research methods and approaches. The study employs Partial Least Squares-SEM as a tool to analyze data obtained from distributed questionnaires. Data was collected through random sampling distribution of questionnaires to respondents, specifically students in Bogor who have shopped on e-commerce platforms. The results of this study indicate that the variable of digital capability has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, as evidenced by an Original Sample value of 0.152 and a P-value of 0.027 < 0.05. Additionally, the quality of electronic services has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, as seen from an Original Sample value of 0.640 and a P-value of 0.000 < 0.05.

Multigroup Analysis on Live Selling Purchase Intention in E-Commerce Platform: The Role of Relational Bonds, Language Attitude and Streamer Ability to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals

Objective: The study aims to analyze the effect of relational bonds and language attitude on streamer ability and live selling purchase intention to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)). It also seeks to reveal the differences in test results between two groups: printed Batik consumers and hand-written Batik consumers. Theoretical Framework: This study employs the theories of relational bonds, language attitude, streamer ability, and live selling purchase intention. Method: This research is a quantitative study that uses convenience sampling with 220 respondents who are consumers of both printed and hand-written Batik. Data is analyzed using a Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Smart-PLS. The analysis includes a multigroup analysis to compare the effects between the two groups. Results and Discussion: The results of the analysis show that the relational bonds and the language attitude of the costumer have a positive effect on the streamer ability and live selling purchase intention to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The results of the multi-group analysis indicate differences in the analysis between printed Batik consumers regarding the effect of language attitude on streamer ability and the effect of relational bonds on live selling purchase intention. Research Implications: This study proposes several efforts to increase Batik sales, particularly through digital platforms capable of reaching a wider market share. Originality/Value: The study highlights how cultural products like Batik can be marketed effectively through digital platforms, emphasizing the role of cultural authenticity and quality in consumer decision-making to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).

Analisis Return on Investment (ROI) Digital pada UMKM: Sebuah Pendekatan Metodologis

As productive economic enterprises owned by individuals or individual business entities, MSMEs are faced with the reality where digital technology is developing increasingly rapidly, which forces them to immediately carry out digital transformation to achieve business growth and sustainability. Investments in digital technology, from digital marketing to the use of e-commerce platforms, have become important to maintain the competitiveness of MSMEs in an increasingly competitive market. In carrying out digital transformation, MSMEs need to measure and assess the performance of digital investments by comparing the profits obtained from the investment against the costs incurred in the process of digitizing their business. This is the main challenge faced by MSMEs in measuring the effectiveness of their digital investments. This is where the concept of Return on Investment (ROI) becomes very relevant. In this research, it was found that calculating digital ROI requires careful planning and continuous evaluation so that MSMEs can make the right decisions regarding the technology they invest in, both short-term and long-term calculations. Increasing ROI requires a strategic approach that involves reducing costs, increasing revenue, monitoring performance, and utilizing technology and automation that is appropriate to the business being run, through a combination of digitalization strategies, product innovation, good customer service, operational efficiency, and creative marketing. By optimizing every element in investment, it is ensured that every rupiah invested provides maximum returns. By implementing these strategies, MSMEs can increase their competitiveness in the market, strengthen relationships with customers, to increase the competitiveness and sustainability of their business.

Comparative Analysis of E-commerce, E-wallet and Friend Environment on Student Consumptive Behavior

General Background: The rise of technology has made online shopping convenient for university students, but this can lead to prioritizing wants over needs, resulting in excessive consumer behavior. Specific Background: This study examines the influence of e-commerce convenience, e-wallet promotions, and peer environments on the consumptive behavior of accounting and management students at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, addressing conflicting findings in previous research. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies yield inconsistent results regarding the impact of e-commerce ease on consumptive behavior and lack comprehensive analysis on e-wallet promotions and peer influence. Aims: The research aims to evaluate how these variables affect consumptive behavior and to identify differences between accounting and management students. Results: Findings indicate that e-commerce convenience does not affect accounting students but does influence management students. E-wallet promotions and peer environments significantly impact both groups, with notable differences in their effects. Novelty: This study enhances understanding of consumer behavior among Indonesian university students by emphasizing the varying impacts of technological and social factors. Implications: Insights from this research can guide e-commerce platforms and e-wallet providers in crafting targeted strategies that promote responsible consumerism among students. Highlights: E-commerce convenience significantly affects management students' consumptive behavior but not accounting students. E-wallet promotions and peer environments positively influence consumptive behavior in both student groups. The study highlights differences in the impact of promotional strategies and peer dynamics on students' shopping habits. Keywords: Ease of E-Commerce, E-Wallet Promotions, Peer Influence, Consumptive Behavior, Friend Environment

Impact of Digital Marketing Strategies on Marketing Performance: Role of Social Media Performance and E-commerce

E-commerce utilization has turned into a part of our regular routines. Ease of access and wide range of audience has made social media an effective medium to increase the marketing performance of firms. Due to its importance, the Fast moving consumer goods and retail businesses in Pakistan have employed social/ digital media managers to manage their social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, etc. The social media managers have designed digital marketing to increase their social media performance. This is shown by the number of followers, likes, and sharing by the target audience and prospective customers. The job and abilities of Web based business assumed a significant part in our research. At the culmination, 232 respondents’ outcomes were taken into contemplation for our data analysis by using SPSS and Hayes Process Macro. The direct relationships have significant values and all hypotheses are accepted. The research attempted to help brands, and social media managers devise better strategies to increase their market share and social media ratings. It also tried to contribute to literature for firms who are left far behind in employing the E-commerce and social media strategies framework to enhance their market performance and online transactions abilities. Additionally, our research examination adds to the current writing by offering bits of knowledge for firms that still can't seem to completely use internet business and entertainment procedures. By taking on these structures, organizations can further develop their market execution and online exchange abilities. Our review highlights the groundbreaking effect of advanced advertising on business development and client commitment.

Price, Marketing Communications and E-commerce Services on Consumer Purchase Intention in Online Shopping

General Background: The rise of technology and internet use has significantly influenced shopping behaviors in Indonesia, particularly with the growth of online shopping. Specific Background: Factors such as price, marketing communication, and e-commerce services are essential in shaping consumer purchasing decisions in this digital space. Knowledge Gap: Limited research has examined the combined impact of these variables on online purchase intentions. Aims: This study investigates the effects of price, marketing communication, and e-commerce services on consumer purchasing intentions. Results: Using a quantitative approach with 96 respondents, the analysis reveals that all independent variables significantly influence consumer purchase intentions in online shopping. Novelty: This research integrates multiple influencing factors into a single study, emphasizing their collective impact. Implications: Findings indicate that e-commerce platforms should focus on competitive pricing, effective marketing strategies, and quality services to enhance consumer purchase intentions, contributing to a thriving online retail environment. Highlights: Significant Influence: Price, marketing communication, and e-commerce services collectively impact consumer purchasing decisions in online shopping. Research Gap: This study fills the void by examining the combined effects of multiple factors on purchase intentions. Strategic Implications: E-commerce platforms should prioritize competitive pricing and effective marketing strategies to boost consumer engagement and sales. Keywords: Price, Marketing Communication, E-Commerce Services, Consumer Purchase Intention, Online Shopping

Selling mode choice and return policy for advance selling in an e-commerce platform with social influence

Advance selling is increasingly employed to mitigate demand uncertainty, raise consumer awareness of products, and even exert social influence on subsequent sales. However, consumers may hesitate to pre-order products due to uncertainty about product valuation. As a response, sellers have begun implementing return policies and utilizing online retail platforms to alleviate the uncertainty. This study aims to investigate the interaction between return policies for advance selling and selling formats of e-commerce platforms considering the impact of social influence. We examine a two-period platform supply chain that includes agency selling, reselling, and hybrid selling formats with and without return policies. Using game theory models, we analyze pricing decisions and profits of each player under six possible scenarios. The results indicate that the manufacturer consistently prefers adopting a Money-Back Guarantee (MBG) return policy regardless of the selling format. However, the MBG return policy is not always advantageous for the platform, except in the case of low social influence. In such a case, the platform may implement the MBG return policy to boost advance sales, thereby enhancing the penetration power from advance sales to regular sales. Regarding selling formats, the platform and the manufacturer opt for the reselling and agency selling, respectively, when the commission rate is low; otherwise, they adopt the agency selling and hybrid selling, respectively. Furthermore, we explore the impact of critical drivers on the pricing decisions and profits within the platform supply chain. Our study offers valuable insights into implementing return policies and determining selling formats.

Perlindungan Hukum Pembeli atas Ketidaksesuaian Kualitas Barang dan Jasa Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen

The development of digital technology has encouraged changes in the way of buying and selling transactions, especially through e-commerce platforms. However, in practice, it is not uncommon for the goods and services purchased to not be in accordance with the quality promised by the seller. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection in protecting buyers from non-conformities in the quality of goods and services. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with secondary data from literature reviews and related laws and regulations. The results of the study show that legal protection for consumers has been regulated, but its implementation still needs to be strengthened, especially in digital transactions. This research is expected to provide recommendations for the government and consumer dispute resolution institutions.

Optimistic Third-Party Sellers in E-Commerce Supply Chains

This paper investigates the effects of optimism in an e-commerce supply chain where two third-party sellers offer substitutable products through a shared e-commerce platform. In this context, optimism is defined as a cognitive bias in which third-party sellers underestimate the probability of encountering low market potential. We present a game-theoretic model to characterize the equilibrium strategies of both the platform and the sellers. Our analysis reveals that when both sellers exhibit optimism bias, this bias invariably leads to lower expected profits for them. However, seller optimism can benefit both the platform and the whole system. That is, as sellers become more biased, the profits of the platform and the entire supply chain increase. Moreover, when a biased seller competes with a sophisticated one, unilateral optimism can result in a win–lose outcome in which the optimistic seller benefits from her bias at the expense of her sophisticated rival. Indeed, we demonstrate that optimism can confer a competitive advantage in a duopoly, allowing the more biased seller to earn higher profits than its less biased competitor—even if the latter is unbiased or sophisticated. Our work sheds light on the conditions under which optimism bias may have detrimental or beneficial impacts on e-commerce supply chain operations.

Factors Affecting the Internet Banking Adoption in Kathmandu Valley

In the rapid evolution of digital technology, the adoption of internet banking has become a crucial component of modern banking services. This paradigm shift towards digitization necessitates understanding the factors influencing internet banking adoption. This study aims to promote extensive adoption of internet banking in the Kathmandu Valley, encouraging financial inclusion and technological advancement in the region. This study examined factors influencing internet banking adoption among SMEs using an explanatory research design and the TAM theory, testing seven hypotheses. Data were gathered from 280 SMEs using a structured questionnaire administered through Kobo Toolbox and analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) version 4.0. The results indicate that perceived usefulness, ease of use, and risk significantly impact the intention to use internet banking. Perceived usefulness serves as a mediator between ease of use and subjective norm, influencing their impact on the intention to use. The key challenges identified include system errors, security concerns, trust issues, lack of innovativeness, limited technology access, and awareness gaps. The study suggests the importance of user education, interface simplification, personalization, and enhanced user support to improve secure online transactions.

An Analysis of JD.com's Transportation System in Support of Operational and Logistics Activities

JD.com, also known as Jingdong, is China's largest online retailer and a leader in e-commerce, renowned for its vast selection of products, quality, and authenticity. Founded by CEO Richard Liu, JD.com has grown as a small electronics store into the third-largest Internet company globally, behind Amazon and Alphabet. It has pioneered advanced technologies like AI, robotics, and drones, transforming the retail industry. The company's extensive national distribution network covers 99% of China's population, allowing efficient deliveries, often within a day. JD.com's collaborations with Tencent, Walmart, and Google have further enhanced its logistics and customer experience. The platform's diverse transportation modes, including trucks, planes, and drones, ensure swift and reliable deliveries, while innovative self-driving trucks and automated warehouses streamline operations. JD.com continues to invest in software, data technologies, and sustainable transportation to maintain its competitive edge in the global e-commerce market.

Who should provide a trade-in service under the online agency-selling mode?

In real world practice, trade-in programs are offered by either a manufacturer or an e-commerce platform. Parties that offer a trade-in service are faced with a trade-off between trade-in rebates and the residual income. By adopting the game theory, this paper explored the selection of trade-in provider with respect to a manufacturer and an e-commerce platform. The results show that in some cases, all trade-in models generated higher manufacturing costs than models with no trade-in program. However, in other cases not all trade-in models can cope with manufacturing costs that are higher than those associated with models that have no trade-in program. Furthermore, both above two firms will offer the trade-ins when profits which they have obtained satisfied a certain condition. We also identified an interesting phenomenon whereby the manufacturer decided whether it wanted to delegate the trade-ins to the e-commerce platform or provide it jointly. The e-commerce platform can decide whether it wants to accept the delegation or jointly offer it. This study also obtain that trade-in models makes customers get more surplus and can produce greater environmental benefits. Moreover, both the customer surplus and the environmental benefits in delegated trade-in model is the same that in jointly trade-in model.