Dysmenorrheal Pain Research Articles

Tamarind Turmeric Drink on Menstrual

Background: During the menstruation, most of women experience menstrual disorder starting from light, medium, to sever pain. One of the ways to overcome the pain is drinking tamarind turmeric decoction. Objective: The research aims to determine the effect of tamarind turmeric decoction to decrease the pain level of dysmenorrheal pain among female students of Ciruas Junior High School 3, in Serang, Banten. Methodology: This was experimental research with quasy eksperimen (pre dan post test design. The research used paired-Test with the rate significance p= 0.000. There were 40 respondents who suffer from dysmenorrheal pain as the samples. The tamarind turmeric decoction was consumed one glass a day or 220 ml a day for to days. Result: Before drinking tamarind turmeric decoction, the pain level was 14 experienced mild pain (35%), 24 experience medium pain (60%), and experience 2 severe pain (5%). After drinking it, the pain level as 28 experience mild pain (70%), 12 experience medium pain (30%). The result shows that there was a decrease of pain level after the intervention. The result of statistical test was p=0,000 (p<0,05). It shows that there was a significant effect of consuming tamarind turmeric decoction to decrease dysmenorrheal pain level among female students of Ciruas Junior High School 3, Serang, Banten. Conclusion and Suggestion: Tamarind turmeric decoction helps reducing dysmenorrheal pain. Female student needs to consume the decoction to overcome the menstrual pain.

Slow Stroke Back Massage Demonstrates Greater Efficacy Compared to Core Strengthening Exercises in Reducing Dysmenorrhea among Female University Students

Women experiencing dysmenorrhea accompanied by abdominal cramps originating from uterine muscle contractions can lead to muscle tension and cause pain that adversely affects daily activities. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Slow Stroke Back Massage combined with Core Strengthening Exercise in reducing dysmenorrhea. This research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental research design. Sample collection was conducted using purposive sampling method. The study was carried out from December to January 2023, with a population of 97 individuals. A total of 30 participants were selected, with Group I receiving Slow Stroke Back Massage and Group II receiving Core Strengthening Exercise. Each group underwent the intervention eight times with two days of rest in between. The reduction in pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The average pain score before the Slow Stroke Back Massage intervention was 5.307, which decreased to 3.400 after the intervention. The p-value was 0.000, indicating a significant effect of the intervention on reducing dysmenorrheal pain. The average pain score before the Core Strengthening Exercise intervention was 5.073, which decreased to 1.780 after the intervention, with a p-value of 0.001, signifying a significant effect of the intervention on reducing dysmenorrheal pain. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that Core Strengthening Exercise is more effective than Slow Stroke Back Massage in reducing dysmenorrheal pain in female university students.

Pengaruh Akupresur Titik LI4 Dan SP6 Terhadap Penurunan Dismenore Pada Remaja

Background: Dysmenorrhea is pain that occurs in the lower abdomen experienced by women approaching menstruation and during menstruation. As a result of dysmenorrhea can cause discomfort that can interfere with adolescent activities.Overcoming dysmenorrheal pain, namely with acupressure. The acupressure points used are LI4 and SP6 points. Emphasis on the hegu point (LI4) has a strong function on the mind so that it can be used in calming the mind and reducing anxiety, because dysmenorrhea can be caused by stress and psychological disorders while the SP6 point has a function to strengthen the spleen, restore Yin balance in the liver and kidneys so that it can improve blood circulation thus the SP6 point can reduce dysmenorrheal pain. Objective : To determine the effect of LI4 and SP6 point acupressure on reducing dysmenorrheal in adolescent. Method : This type of research uses a pre-experimental method with a one group pre-test post-test design. The sample obtained is from the calculation of the slovin formula, namely as many as 30 people. Results : The results of the study with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test obtained a p value of 0,000 where the value is smaller a (0,005) meaning that there is an effect of acupressure.

Efektivitas TENS untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Nyeri dan Meningkatkan Fungsional pada Remaja dengan Dismenore

Background: Adolescence in girls is marked by menstruation. It sometimes occurs with abnormalities, physical changes in the reproductive organs during adolescence are influenced by the maturation of sexual hormones. Menstruation is generally associated with some discomfort and minor complaints of illness. One of them is dysmenorrhea. To treat dysmenorrhea, non-pharmacological therapy is used, namely TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation). TENS is like passing an electric current to the surface of the skin through an electrode and triggering the tissue found in the muscle. Purpose: To review the effectiveness of TENS to reduce pain and improve function in adolescents with dysmenorrhea. Method: The research method of this study, namely a critical review of scientific articles published in the 2012-2022 range with the type of study in the form of a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). The appraisal stage uses the PEDro Scale Checklist. Result: Based on data obtained from a review of three articles, three of them had a moderate risk of bias and 3 were of good quality. Conclusion: Based on the results of a critical review of six selected articles, TENS is effective in reducing diseases and symptoms associated with dysmenorrheal pain.

Comparative Study on Vit. E & Mefenamic acid vs Mefenamic acid alone on mean reduction in pain in Primary Dysmenorrhea

Background: Pelvic pain around the time of mensturation without any identifiable pathologic lesion present from menarche is called primary dysmenorrhea. The pain is believed to be related to prostaglandin (PG). Women with dysmenorrhoea have a relatively high concentration of PGF 2 alpha in menstrual fluid and suppression of PG synthesis has become the main treatment. Aim: To compare mean reduction in pain in patients presenting with primary dysmenorrhea given vitamin E & Mefenamic acid versus Mefenamic acid alone. Results: It was a randomized controlled trial which was conducted in Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, THQ Raiwind Hospital, Lahore for 6 months duration w.e.f 01/02/2017 to 31/07/2017. In this study, 18(36%) in Vitamin-E group and 21(42%) in Mefenamic acid group were between 15-20 years while 32(64%) in Vitamin-E group and 29(58%) in Mefenamic acid group were between 21-25 years, mean±sd was calculated as 20.86±2.92 and 20.66±2.86 years respectively, mean dysmenorrheal pain at baseline was recorded as 50.06±10.27 in Vitamin-E group and 50.14±10.28 in Mefenamic acid group, p value < 0.754, showing that both groups are insignificant, mean dysmenorrheal pain after treatment was recorded as 20.50±10.04 in Vitamin-E group and 30.22±10.28 in Mefenamic acid group, p value was < 0.002 showing significant difference between the two group, comparison of mean reduction in dysmenorrheal pain after treatment was recorded as 20.56±0.91 in Vitamin-E group and 10.92±0.75 in Mefenamic acid group, p value was < 0.000, showing significant difference. Conclusion: We concluded that there is a significant mean reduction in dysmenorrhic pain in patients given Mefenamic Acid + Vitamen E as compared to patients given Mefenamic Acid alone. Keywords: Dysmenorrhic pain, Mefenamic Acid + Vitamen E, mean reduction in dysmenorrhic pain

Pengaruh Kombinasi Masase Punggung dan Masase Effleurage Menggunakan Aromaterapi Melati Terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Disminorea Pada Santriwati di Pondok Pesantren Qamarul Huda Bagu

Background: Dysmenorrhea is abdominal pain that comes from uterine cramps and occurs during menstruation. Treatment uses non-pharmacological methods, one of which is using the massage method to reduce pain during menstruation, one of which is a combination of back massage and effleurage massage using jasmine therapy aroma. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a combination of back massage and effleurage massage using jasmine aromatherapy on the intensity of dysmenorrhea pain among female students at Qamarul Huda Bagu Islamic boarding school. Research Methods: The research design in this study used a quasy experimental with a pretest and posttest control group. The sample of this study was 52 female students with dysmenorrhea with simple random sampling technique. The test used was the paired t test with an error rate of ? = 0.05. Results: The results of the paired sample t test obtained a combination of back massage and effleurage massage on the intensity of dysmenorrheal pain p value = 0.001. This shows that p value = 0.001 <? = 0.05 then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Conclusion: There is an effect of combination back massage and massage using aromatherapy on the intensity of dysmenorrhea pain.

Ormeloxifene in acute heavy menstrual bleeding in menopausal transition

Background: Ormeloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is a safer, cost effective and convenient dosing medical therapy in heavy menstrual bleeding of acute abnormal uterine bleeding.
 Aims and Objective: The study aimed to find the effectiveness of Ormeloxifene as 1st line therapy for heavy menstrual bleeding in menopausal transition women to prevent unnecessary hysterectomies and improve quality of life.
 Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Lumbini Medical College for a period of one year. Sixty-five cases of acute Abnormal Uterine Bleeding with heavy menstruation during menopausal transition period were provided with Ormeloxifene therapy of 60 milligrams dose two times per week after evaluating pre treatment hemoglobin percentage, Pictorial Blood Loss Assessment Chart (PBAC) score and endometrial thickness. The dose of the drug was reduced to 60 mg weekly after 3rd month if subjective improvement was documented and continued for further 3 months.
 Results: There was a statistically significant reduction in mean PBAC score, mean endometrial thickness and rise in hemoglobin level. Eighty percentages of women had marked subjective improvement of symptoms, 87.7% women had reduction of blood clots, 15. 8% women had relief from dysmenorrheal pain and 50.8% women had regularization of menstrual pattern after 6 months. Amenorrhea (25.3%) was the most common side effect reported in 6 months therapy.
 Conclusion: Ormeloxifene is an effective 1st line medical therapy in acute heavy menstrual bleeding in menopausal transition women.

The use of aromatherapy in primary dysmenorrhea

The purpose of this review is to determine the use of aromatherapy in primary dysmenorrhea. This is a literature review by searching article databases through Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Microsoft Academic, ProQuest, Semantic Scholar. The selection period for article publication is from 2015 to 2021. A total of 96 articles were obtained, and 30 articles could be entered according to the inclusion criteria. Thirty articles were analyzed, it is shown that aromatherapy effectively reduces the intensity of primary dysmenorrheal pain. The sample size of the 30 articles varied from 16 samples to 200 research samples, and the research design used experiments, clinical trials, and ex vivo, in vivo, and in vitro studies. Aromatherapy is an effective alternative intervention that can be used to reduce the intensity of primary dysmenorrhea pain.

THE EFFECT OF DISMENORE EXERCISE ON CHANGING PAIN LEVEL IN DIPLOMA NURSING STUDENTS AT WIJAYA HUSADA HEALTH SCIENCE INSTITUE BOGOR

Dysmenorrhea is menstruation accompanied by pain or cramps in the lower abdominal area when approaching menstruation. One way to reduce dysmenorrheal pain is to use non-pharmacological therapy with dysmenorrhea exercises. Dysmenorrhea is a relaxation technique for reducing dysmenorrheal pain, when exercise is done regularly and the movement is appropriate then the muscles are tense to relax and reduce the intensity of dysmenorrhoeal pain during contractions. The purpose of this research is to know Influence of Dysmenorrhea Gymnastic on Change of Pain Level on Diploma Nursing Student at STIKes WijayaHusada Bogor in 2016. This research type is Quasi Eksperimen with Non Random Pretest &Postest Control Group Design design. Sampling method in this research use Purposive Sampling technique with sample number 32 responden. Data collection was obtained through observation with pain scale observation sheet and gymnastics with standard operational procedure of dysmenorrhenal exercises. The result of bivariate analysis using Wilcoxon test, in the intervention group obtained value (ρ =, 001 or ρ <0,05) and in the control group got value (ρ = 1,000 or ρ> 0,05). The results of the analysis of differences in decreased levels of dysmenorrhea pain in both groups with Mann-Whitney test showed an average value of the difference in the decrease in the scale of dysmenorrhea pain before and after intervention (ρ = 000 or ρ <0.05). This indicates that there is a difference in decreasing the scale of dysmenorrheal pain in the intervention group and control group which means there is a significant influence between the two variables. There is Influence of Dysmenorrhea Gymnastic on Change of Pain Level On Diploma Nursing Student at STIKes Wijaya Husada Bogor, 2016.

THE EFFECT OF EXTENSION OF LABOR PREPARATION AGAINST THE PRIMIGRAVID MOTHER'S ANXIETY LEVEL WHILE APPROACHING THE LABOR PROCESS IN SINDANG GOODS HEALTH CENTER

Legal data that belong to Health Department of Indonesia shows that the number of maternal mortality is decreasing. Even though the number of maternal mortality in Indonesia still high, it has already decreased from 307/100.000 births to 216/100.000 births based on Survey of Demographic and Health of Indonesia (SDKI) 2010/2011. To discover the influence of counseling about the preparation of giving birth to the level of anxiety of primigravida before giving birth in Puskesmas Sindang Barang. Quasi-experimental research with Equivalent Control Group Design. In this research design, it is classified into two groups, they are intervention and control by using quota sampling technique. By 36 people as the samples, data is gained by spreading questionnaire and counseling. Based on the analysis of data, it shows that the average level of anxiety after given health education about dysmenorrheal in the intervention group is 1,50, whereas the average level of anxiety after given health education in the control group is 1,06. This shows that there is the difference of the average of dysmenorrheal pain level between group that is given counseling and group that is not given counseling about giving birth preparation. Two independent samples are tested using mann-whitney test to the data that do not distribute abnormally. After mannwhitney test are done, it generates p-value of 0,003. That p-value 0,003 < α (0,05), so Ho is rejected that means there are some influences of counseling of giving birth preparation to the anxiety level of primigravida before giving birth in Puskesmas Sindang Barang. There some influences of counseling about the preparation of giving birth to the anxiety level of primigravida before giving birth in Puskesmas Sindang barang. To improve the implementation of counseling about the preparation of giving birth to the anxiety level of primigravida before giving birth.

Efektivitas Kompres Air Hangat dan Air Dingin terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri pada Remaja Putri dengan Dismenore

Dysmenorrhea is pain during or before the start of menstruation. The incidence of dysminorrhea in adolescents in Central Java by 2015 is estimated to be 12% to 35% of teenagers, while in Kendal regency as many as 11,565 people (29.8%). Methods of hot and cold water compress ispart of the non-pharmacological methods that are effective, easy, and cheap to overcome dysmenorrheal pain. The purpose of this research was to know the difference of warm water compress and cold water compress to decrease pain intensity of adolescent girl with dysmenorrhea in MAN Kendal. This research usei Quasi Experimental design with Pretest-Posttest design, Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. The sample in this study is 17 people in each treatment group whith was collected with the reasareh uset questeonnare bowbonais as researeh instrument pair schale.the consecutive sampling. Data analysis used Wilcoxonand Man Withn. The results showed that there was a difference in pain intensity before and after being given warm water compresses in adolescent girls with dysmenorrhea in MAN Kendal (p value 0.000 <0.05). There was a difference in pain intensity before and after being given cold water compresses on adolescent girls with dysmenorrhea at MAN Kendal (p value 0.000 <0.05). Warm water compresses are more effective at reducing the intensity of pain than cold water compresses in adolescent girl with dysmenorrhea at MAN Kendal. It is expected that adolescent girls who experience dysmenorrhea can use warm compress cold water compress therapy independently when experiencing dysmenorrhea pain that can reduce the consumption of painkillers.

Prevalence of dysmenorrhoeal pain and its impact on school performance: A cross-sectional study

BangladeshABSTRACTMenstruation is normal biological phenomena for girls and women. During menstruation, girls and women feel a certain degree of pain (dysmenorrhea) that can be minor to severe resulting obstacles in carrying daily life activities including school. This study was conducted to determine how dysmenorrheal pain has affected the students’school as well as daily life along with prevailing social and cultural norms during menstruation. Following a cross-sectional design, this study took place among 366 students of Kathmandu (66.1%) and Dhading (33.9%) in Nepal of aged from 13 to 20 years. Of all the samples, 89% of the students complained of having dysmenorrhea where moderate degree of pain had the highest frequency of 49.7%. Nonetheless of the degree of pain, 45.1% missed school because of it. Besides missing classes, 81% didn’t participate in sports activities during their period. 38% students regularly followed restrictions applied during period while 34% followed them sometimes only. 83% complained about school administration failing to address periodic problems. I would recommend the school administration to have an infirmary where the students can take rest and continue their classes after that. Adding on to it, the administration should be able to provide emergency sanitary pads and heat pads, so that the students dont have to go back home and miss their classes.

The Relationship between Pain and Vascular Function Biomarkers in Dysmenorrheal University Students.

Our aim was to establish if the secretion of contactin 1 (CNTN-1), a widely researched pain biomarker correlates with the severity of dysmenorrhea and circulating levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and angiotensin II (ANG-II). This study was a longitudinal randomized clinical study that involved 95 female students between 17–25 years. The control participant group were students who, without medications, had not experienced dysmenorrhea, while the inclusion criteria were primary dysmenorrhea without medications. Data was collected using demographic questionnaires that also contained the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS-11), while blood samples were collected for analysis of CNTN-1, VCAM-1 and ANG-II by ELISA. The participants' mean BMI's across the four pain strata were between 16.60–38.43 kg/m2 and in addition to age and menarche, showed no correlation to either the NRS-11 scale (r=−0.01214) or their CNTN-1 levels (r=0.009622). The severe dysmenorrhea group showed statistically higher (p<0.0001) and positive correlation to systolic (r=0.7304) and diastolic (0.6588) blood pressures. The contactin 1 levels (7.00-55.70 ng/mL) increased with higher menstrual pain and as the pain increased, so did the mean VCAM-1 and ANG-II levels (p<0.0001). A positive linear correlation (r=0.9691) was observed between the NRS-11 scale of the participants and their CNTN-1 activities while the CNTN-1 levels positively correlated with their VCAM-1 (r=0.9334) and ANG-II (r=0.8746) secretion. In summary, the severity of dysmenorrheal pain elevates the contactin 1 levels which affects their vascular health and blood pressure.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF YOGA ON PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA PAIN REDUCTION IN FEMALE ADOLESCENTS AT SMAN 3 DENPASAR

Primary dysmenorrhea is pain during menstruation without the presence of abnormalities in the genital. Pain occurs from contractions of uterus and often in 13-16 years old. Purpose of this study is to prove the effectiveness of yoga on primary dysmenorrhea pain reduction in female adolescents at SMAN 3 Denpasar. This research is an experiment research design with pretest and posttest group control design. These samples included 20 people, for yoga group 10 people and control group 10 people. Intervention given 2 times per week at 3 weeks. Measurement of pain reduction using a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Pain reduces at group 1 before yoga with mean difference 4.90 and after yoga 3.00. Data result using paired simple t-test shown that yoga group p= 0.000 and control group p= 0.015. The difference between yoga group and control group was obtained p=0,000 (p&lt;0,05). Based of these result, it can be concluded that there is effectiveness of yoga exercise on primary dysmenorrheal pain reduction in female adolescent in SMAN 3 Denpasar&#x0D; Key Words: Primary Dysmenorrhea, Yoga, Female Adolescent, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)

Studies on olive-and silicone-oils-based Janus macroemulsions containing ginger to manage primary dysmenorrheal pain

Ginger (GIN) powder-loaded oil-in-water (o/w) macroemulsions were prepared based on olive-and silicone-oils. The dispersed oil droplets with paired-beans structure were evident and thus the final emulsion can be termed as Janus macroemulsions. The objectives of the present study are (1) to identify the marker compound present in GIN powder via HPLC analysis, (2) to process the GIN powder via anti-solvent precipitation technique, (3) to see the solubility of GIN powder in various single oils or oil combination, (4) to optimize the GIN-loaded o/w macroemulsions using the central composite design (CCD) with respect to mean particle size of dispersed oil droplets and highest percentage drug entrapment efficiency values (DEE) and (5) to evaluate the pain reducing activity of optimized GIN-loaded macroemulsion via in vivo primary dysmenorrhea (PD) mice model. Both predicted and obtained values of percentage DEE (76.29 Vs.76.09) and mean particle size (245.99 Vs. 272.51 μm) were almost the same indicating the CCD statistical design applicability. The optimized Janus macroemulsion was stable at 4 °C for over a period of 90 days. Using the PD mice model, the counting of writhing reaction produced by the tested GIN-loaded macroemulsions at low and high doses did not reveal significant difference in comparison to the positive control (aspirin treated). Only the high dose of GIN-loaded macroemulsion was able to restore the uterine tissue's normal histomorphological structure after the H & E staining. Nevertheless, the paired beans structure should be tested for entrapping the plant-derived drugs having dissimilar physicochemical characteristics but similar therapeutic activity.

Perbedaan Efektivitas Teknik Relaksasi Nafas Dalam dan Kompres Hangat Dalam Penurunan Nyeri Dysmenorhea

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the effectiveness of breathing relaxation and warm compress techniques on the reduction of dysmenorrheal pain in Grade II and III nursing bachelor students of YPIB Health Science Institute Majalengka. This study used experimental method with non-equivalent control group approach. The subjects were Grade II and III nursing bachelor students of YPIB Health Science Institute Majalengka in April-May 2017. The number of samples was 20 respondents, divided into two treatment groups with duration 20 minutes each treatment. The sampling technique used accidental sampling. Data analysis techniques were univariate analysis with Mean test, and bivariate analysis with Mann-Whitney U test. The study results described that the group of deep breath obtained probability value ρ of 0.002 &lt;(0.05), while the warm compress group obtained probability value ρ of 0,000 &lt;(0.05). Bivariate analysis showed significant difference in dysmenorrheal pain intensity during breathing relaxation therapy and warm compress therapy. According to this study, female students are advised to use breathing relaxation technique and warm compress as the alternatives to the dysmenorrheal pain reduction.&#x0D; Keywords: dysmenorrhea, breathing relaxation therapy, warm compress.

Effect of chlorella supplementation on systematic symptoms and serum levels of prostaglandins, inflammatory and oxidative markers in women with primary dysmenorrhea.

Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most commonly reported disorders for women that have unfavorable effects on patient's quality of life. Based on the evidences that suggest the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of chlorella, this double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effects of Chlorella supplementation on the severity of menstrual pain in a group of young women with primary dysmenorrhea. In this clinical trial, 44 girls with primary dysmenorrhea were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Patients in the intervention group received 1500 mg/day of chlorella as 5 soft gel and the control group received placebo soft gels for eight weeks. Menstrual and food information were collected using a previously validated and published questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), ProstaglandinF2a (PGF2a), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed at baseline and end of week eight. In chlorella supplemented group the PGE2, PGF2a, hs-CRP and MDA decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The severity and duration of dysmenorrheal pain were significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Systemic symptoms of dysmenorrhea (fatigue, headache, nausea, vomiting, lack of energy) decreased in the chlorella group (p < 0.05). The mean of menstrual characteristics, anthropometric indices and daily energy and macronutrient intake in both intervention and control groups were not changed significantly. This study showed that chlorella supplementation could decrease the severity of pain and systemic symptoms and improve serum levels of prostaglandins, inflammatory and oxidative markers in women with primary dysmenorrhea.

Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Screening of some Plant Derived Medicine to Treat Dysmenorrheal Pain by the Rajbanshi Community

Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Screening of some Plant Derived Medicine to Treat Dysmenorrheal Pain by the Rajbanshi Community

Estrategias de afrontamiento ante el dolor y dificultades en la regulación emocional en estudiantes cordobesas con dismenorrea primaria

This study evaluates the relationship between coping strategies for pain and difficulties in emotional regulation used by university students with primary dysmenorrhoea in the city of Cordoba. A retrospective ex post facto design with a quasi-control group was used with 222 female university students between 17 and 28 years of age from different public and private academic units. They were administered the menstrual pain questionnaire, the visual analog scale (EVA), the pain coping strategies questionnaire (CAD), and the emotional regulation difficulties scale (DERS). The results show positive and significant correlations between some CAD and DERS factors, which show that there is a relationship between the strategies that women use to deal with dysmenorrheal pain and difficulties in emotional regulation.

Prevalence of dysmenorrhea in young women and their coping methods

The study was conducted to determine the frequency of dysmenorrhea in young women and their coping methods. The study was conducted at 2014-2015 education year, spring semester of a university as descriptive. Total 3526 girl students consisted of the universe. Sample size table was used for sample choosing and sample size was determined as 600 participants with 0.03 sample error and p = 0.08. A questionnaire form that improved by the researcher and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used. It is determined that average age of the students was 20.58±1.73, 65.0% lived at hall of residence, 8.7% smoked and 3.5% used alcohol. Of them; average age of menarche was 13.45±1.17, 68% had 3-6 days for menstrual period, 48.5% had 28-33 days for menstrual cycle, 15.3% lived menstrual irregularity. Also, 93.3% lived dysmenorrhea, mean of severity of dysmenorrheal pain was 6.33±2.69 and 24.5% of them who lived pain applied to health institute. It is found that of the girls; 63.2% used analgesic, 67.8% had rest in bed, 63.7% applied hot for foot, 56.3% applied hot for abdomen, 26.0% applied massage to abdomen for coping with dysmenorrhea. Also, 66.4% of them stated that these methods make them relax.In the study, it is found that dysmenorrheal prevalence was high in young women and they used both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic methods for coping with it. It is suggested that informative education programs about complementary and holistic treatment approaches for young women.