Family Dysfunction Research Articles

Depression and anxiety among medical students in virtual education during COVID-19 pandemic

The lockdown derived from the declaration of a pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2 in March 2020 by the World Health Organization altered daily activities, including the academic ones, which were adapted to virtuality. In Ecuador, the new modality of study had an increase in the use of electronic devices that triggered new problems. To stablish the prevalence of depression and anxiety among medical students from the Universidad Central del Ecuador (Central University of Ecuador) in virtual education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cross-sectional analytic study conducted between June and July of 2021 in students from first to tenth semester during virtual education. All studied subjects were evaluated using an electronic survey, depression and anxiety variables were assessed with the BDI-II and GAD-7 scales, respectively. In addition, sociodemographic data were collected, including the family APGAR. A response rate of 63.3% (1528 students) was obtained. Overall prevalence of depression was 37.8% and the prevalence of anxiety 30.3%. Lower-years students were the most affected by these pathologies. The protective factors found were physical activity and psychological support in religion, whereas the main risk factors found were a dysfunctional family, lack of an exclusive study space and low academic performance. Furthermore, the frequency of depression and anxiety was significantly higher in women. The virtual modality showed a high prevalence of depression and anxiety in medical students.

See You on the Other Side: A Novel Exploring Dissociative Identity Disorder

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is a disease in which people experience multiple separate personalities and function independently of one another and autonomously from one another. DID is a rare disease found in only 1.5% of people worldwide, so I want to find out what the cause of people having DID and how they recover from DID. The method that I will use is to create a creative work in the form of a novel. The story will involve family dysfunction and post-traumatic avoidance as the causes of DID and three approaches, which are safety and stability, work on traumatic memories, and re-integration into life, to weaken the DID effects. Narrative-wise, this creative fiction novel is set in 2022's America, where this story will highlight Ethan's daily life as the person that has DID, which creates a new identity, Elliot. The finding is that Ethan's DID effect cannot be cured, but it can be recovered with the help of Maydeline using the three approaches of DID treatment.

Sibling sexual abuse: a form of family dysfunction as opposed to individualised behaviour

ABSTRACT This paper presents a reconsideration and more in-depth discussion part of some the findings of the Home Office funded Sibling Sexual Abuse (SSA) project (King-Hill et al, 2023). The focus of the paper on the role of family systems, especially dysfunctional family systems, in the sexual abuse. The research is based on 17 semi-structured interviews with survivors of SSA (n=17 female), which were thematically analysed. This resulted in the research team being able to identify 10 commonly identified markers of SSA and family dysfunction. The 10 markers highlight that the family structure, systems, processes, and functionality all contribute to the conditions that enable Sibling Sexual Abuse to occur. The paper goes on to discuss the importance of understanding family systems, ACE's, and trauma in preventing and responding to Sibling Sexual Abuse. The paper concludes that the family system is a key player in Sibling Sexual Abuse and needs to be considered in prevention and treatment as the child who id harmed and the child that harms. PRACTICE IMPACT STATEMENT The impact of this paper is both clinical and professional. It provides insights into the role of family systems in sibling sexual abuse cases and by result feeds into discussions around the effective prevention of and response to this form of sexual abuse.

Aspects that intervene in the low academic performance and family dysfunctionality of the students in 4th – 5th semesters of the Health Promotion career of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo

Family dysfunction can have a significant impact on the academic performance of students of the Health Promotion Career, without a doubt; emotional and financial support, domestic violence, substance abuse and other family problems can influence students and therefore their studies causing disinterest in education; therefore, the research proposed as an objective to determine the incidence of family dysfunction and its impact on low academic performance in the period April - August 2022. A descriptive and transversal approach was used as methodology, without experimentation, with a sample of 60 students, to collect data, the survey was used as a technique, through the questionnaire instrument in the Google Forms platform, promoting the participation of parents, students and teachers; the results showed that 60% of the students have a good communication and relationship with their parents, the same that in a cross of variables, highlights that 100% of the students have good academic performance, while 40% argue a poor or no relationship with their family, which affects low academic performance. In conclusion, it was determined that most of the interviewees have a good academic performance, however, a significant percentage have low academic performance, they also indicate poor communication at home, there is not an adequate family environment, they come from dysfunctional families, they indicate that they have suffered verbal and psychological mistreatment.

Toward A Purple Aesthetic

As a popular musician, Prince broke racial, gender, and socio-economic barriers and contributed to a legacy of artistic expression that advocated for individual freedom and empowerment. Nowhere else is this more evident than in Purple Rain, where Prince played with images of androgyny and race. This is particularly evident in the album, the movie, and even in the behind-the-scenes production of both projects. These were questions that Generation X was grappling with at the time, and that generations today continue to grapple with, in the struggle against a rigid hierarchical power structure. Yet this was also the same power structure of social, political, and cultural institutions that had failed as moral leaders, with issues of systemic racism, dysfunctional families, Reaganomics, gender dynamics, divorce, and problematic social and moral institutions (school, parents, etc.) affecting society. Prince’s music developed within this social context and spoke directly to Generation X. Purple Rain hit upon a theme of generational malaise and tension that is reflected in today’s current political climate as well, making Purple Rain a deeply resonant album. To explore this idea, I will look at the cultural factors behind the making of the album and the racial and gender barriers Prince had to subvert in order to get the album and accompanying film made.

Metabolic Control and Its Correlates among Diabetic Patients in Aljouf Region, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional study

Background: Throughout the world, diabetes, and its consequences, constitutes a serious problem for public health. Metabolic control can reduce the risk of diabetes complications. The present study aims to determine diabetic metabolic control among diabetic patients in the Aljouf region, Saudi Arabia, and its association with family function, depression, and other sociodemographic and clinical data. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 279 diabetic patients attending the diabetic center in a specialized hospital in Aljouf Region, Saudi Arabia. A structured anonymous questionnaire was distributed to the targeted population during a direct interview. Results: The present study showed that HbA1c was 7% among 86% of the participants. Regarding lipid profile, abnormal HDL, LDL, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels were detected among 39.4%, 41.2%, 68.5%, and 50.2% of the participants, respectively. Severe depression and severe family dysfunction were detected among 22% and 6% of the participants, respectively. Increasing age was associated with higher LDL levels and diabetes duration was associated with higher HbA1c levels in patients with diabetes. Conclusion: The study concluded that family function and depression do not directly affect diabetic patients’ diabetes metabolic control and the study showed a high prevalence of uncontrolled HbA1c levels and dyslipidemia among the study participants. Further investigation into the variables underlying the control of diabetes is required to further enhance patient outcomes because many people are still failing to meet the metabolic control objectives. Keywords: Metabolic control; Depression; Family function; Diabetes mellitus; Saudi Arabia

Correlation between family function and quality of life in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Many studies have shown that the quality of life for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is significantly impaired, but the impact on family function is still unclear. This study aims to evaluate the family function and quality of life in patients with AF using scales, to analyze the correlation between family function and quality of life, and to predict the influencing factors of quality of life. A total of 223 patients with AF who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology and General Medicine of the Lanzhou University Second Hospital from January 1, 2021 to May 1, 2022, were selected as research subjects, the general information of patients with AF were collected via a questionnaire, the family function and quality of life were assessed by the Family Assessment Device (FAD) and Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality-of-Life (AFEQT) scale. The patients were divided into a non-family functional disorder group and a family functional disorder group on the basis of their FAD scores. The above data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 statistical software. Among the 223 patients, 64 (28.70%) were in the non-family functional disorder group, and 159 (71.30%) were in the family functional disorder group. The total score of FAD and scores of all dimensions in the family functional disorder group were higher than those in the non-family functional disorder group (all P<0.01). AFEQT total score and symptoms, treatment concerns and daily activities in the non-family functional disorder group were significantly higher than those in the family functional disorder group (all P<0.01). The Pearson linear analysis showed that there was a linear negative correlation between the total score and each dimension of FAD with the total score and each dimension of AFEQT (all P<0.01). The variables with statistical significance in the univariate analysis were included in the multiple linear regression analysis, and the result showed that female, and the problem solving, role, affective involvement, and general functioning dimensions of family function had an impact on the quality of life (all P<0.01). Most patients with AF have different degrees of family dysfunction. The quality of life in patients with family functional disorder group is generally low. Female, and the problem solving, role, affective involvement, and general functioning of family function have a significant impact on the quality of life in patients with AF. In clinical treatment of AF, attention should be paid to the family function of patients, and family members can be involved in clinical intervention to improve family function and improve the quality of life.

Risk and Protective Factors and Interventions for Reducing Juvenile Delinquency: A Systematic Review

Juvenile delinquency is a pressing problem in the United States; the literature emphasizes the importance of early interventions and the role of the family in preventing juvenile delinquency. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, PudMed, and Scopus, we included 28 peer-reviewed articles in English between January 2012 and October 2022. We evaluated the existing literature regarding the risk factors, protective factors, and interventions related to juvenile delinquency. We searched articles that discussed reducing juvenile delinquency and recidivism in the U.S. and coded them into four overarching themes: ‘family conflict and dysfunction’, ‘neglect and maltreatment’, ‘individual and family mitigating factors’, and ‘family- and community-based interventions. We found that family conflict and dysfunction and neglect and maltreatment were two primary predictors of juvenile delinquency. Notably, higher academic achievement and strong and positive parental relationships were factors that protected against delinquency amongst at-risk youth. Interventions that yielded optimal efficacy in curbing recidivism included family-based interventions, specifically family therapy, and community-based interventions. Considering multi-dimensional factors that affect delinquent behaviors, interventions should consider the influence of family, peers, neighborhood, schools, and the larger community.

Prevalence of Psychoactive Substance use among Adults Ages of 20 to 40 Years at the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation

Background: Guyana is a developing nation with a population of under one million. Yet, 15 to 20 percent of the population suffer from some form of mental health condition. Oftentimes persons turn to psychoactive substances to deal with their mental health condition. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use, as well as, to identify psychoactive substances and risk factors among adults attending the psychiatric outpatient clinic at the Georgetown Public Hospital (GPHC). Methodology: A review of outpatient clinic charts belonging to patients ages 20 to 40 years, who were enrolled from January 1st to December 31st, 2019 at the psychiatric clinic (GPHC) regardless of their presenting complaint or diagnosis was carried out. Those that had records of psychoactive substance use were collected for analysis in this study. Sociodemographic characteristic and type of psychoactive substances were assessed using descriptive analysis. Results: Of 200 patient charts reviewed, 150 (75%) had records of psychoactive substance use. The majority of psychoactive substance users were Afro-Guyanese (42.7%), Christians (71.3%) and male (76.7%) with an average age of 28 years. Additionally, most patients had only primary education (59.3%) and were not in a relationship (80.7%). Moreover, the majority patients experienced a major traumatic life event (60%) and were from dysfunctional families (13.3%). The findings also showed that 47.3% of persons with a previous psychiatric history used psychoactive substances, while 36% developed a substance-induced psychotic disorder. Cannabis (78%) was identified as the most frequently used drug, followed by alcohol (50.7%) and tobacco (45.3%). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of psychoactive substance use among patients enrolled in the psychiatric clinic, GPHC. With the majority of patients having known risk factors for psychoactive substance use. Also, results highlighted that some patients developed psychotic disorders post substance use. This emphasizes the need for more mental health awareness strategies targeted at adults and the need for effective drug rehabilitation programs, which can help reduce the use of psychoactive substances among adults in Guyana. Keywords: Young Adults, Psychoactive Substance, Mental Health, Guyana

The impact of family functioning on depression in college students: A moderated mediation model

BackgroundThe depression of college students is increasing. Family dysfunction is a potential risk factor for depression. More research is needed to uncover the relationship and influencing mechanism. Based on this, this study examined the mediating effect of coping style and the moderating effect of gender in family functioning and depression among college students. MethodsFrom May to June 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2033 college students (16–24 years old) from universities in Anhui Province, China, including 1285 females (63.21 %) and 748 males (36.79 %), with an average age of 19.81 years old (SD = 1.22 years old). There were 651 (32.02 %) only child. Family functioning was assessed by Family Assessment Device, coping style was assessed by Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and depression was assessed by Self-rating Depression Scale. Common method bias was performed by Harman's single-factor test. Mediating effect was analyzed by stepwise regression. Moderating effect was analyzed by moderated multiple regression. ResultsThere was no serious common method bias in this study. Good family functioning had a negative predictive effect on depression in college students (r = −0.56, p < 0.001). Coping style partially mediated the predictive effect of family functioning on depression, and the mediating effect accounted for 33.73 % of the total effect. The interaction term of family functioning and gender was significant predictor of coping style (β = 0.33, t = 2.69, p < 0.05) and depression (β = −1.98, t = −2.46, p < 0.05). ConclusionsGood family functioning is a negative predictor of depression in college students. Coping style plays a partial mediating role between family functioning and depression. The first half path and the direct path of the mediation model are modulated by gender.

Neuronal γ-secretase regulates lipid metabolism, linking cholesterol to synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease

Presenilin mutations that alter γ-secretase activity cause familial Alzheimer's disease (AD), whereas ApoE4, an apolipoprotein for cholesterol transport, predisposes to sporadic AD. Both sporadic and familial AD feature synaptic dysfunction. Whether γ-secretase is involved in cholesterol metabolism and whether such involvement impacts synaptic function remains unknown. Here, we show that in human neurons, chronic pharmacological or genetic suppression of γ-secretase increases synapse numbers but decreases synaptic transmission by lowering the presynaptic release probability without altering dendritic or axonal arborizations. In search of a mechanism underlying these synaptic impairments, we discovered that chronic γ-secretase suppression robustly decreases cholesterol levels in neurons but not in glia, which in turn stimulates neuron-specific cholesterol-synthesis gene expression. Suppression of cholesterol levels by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) impaired synaptic function similar to γ-secretase inhibition. Thus, γ-secretase enables synaptic function by maintaining cholesterol levels, whereas the chronic suppression of γ-secretase impairs synapses by lowering cholesterol levels.

Factores asociados a riesgo de depresión en estudiantes de media vocacional

IntroductionDepressive symptoms are common in adolescent students. However, the variables related to the risk of meeting criteria for depression in Colombian adolescents have been little explored. ObjectiveTo know the association between family functioning, post-traumatic stress, health perception, academic achievement, and risk of meeting the criteria for depression among high-school vocational students in Santa Marta, Colombia. MethodA cross-sectional study was designed so that a probabilistic sample of tenth and eleventh-grade students from public and private schools was taken. The risk of meeting the criteria for depression was quantified with the World Health Organization 5 General Well-Being Questionnaire (WHO-5-WBI) cut-off point <9. The crude and adjusted (a) odd ratios (OR) the risk of meeting the criteria for depression were established. ResultsOne thousand four hundred and sixty-two students between 13 and 15 years old participated (M=15.98, SD=0.83); 882 (60.33%) were female. It was observed that 103 (7.0%) students were at risk of meeting criteria for depression. The risk of meeting the criteria for depression was associated with family dysfunction (aOR: 8.72, 95% CI: 2.73-27.87), risk of post-traumatic stress (aOR: 2.86; 95% CI: 1.85-4.42), perception of fair/poor health (aOR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.19-2.83) and fair/poor academic achievement (aOR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.02-2.37). ConclusionsAmong high-school students from Santa Marta, Colombia, the risk of meeting the criteria for depression is multifactorial; it is associated with individual factors (high risk of post-traumatic stress, perception of fair/poor health, and poor/fair academic achievement) and family factors (family dysfunction). New research should explore other variables possibly associated with the risk of meeting the criteria for depression in vocational adolescents.

Prevalence of loneliness among older people living in rural areas. Differences by ethnic group and predictor variables

Loneliness is one of the most recurrent public health problems in older people. However, there is little data available in Chile on its prevalence in people over 60 years of age living in rural areas and belonging to native or Afro-descendant groups. To examine the prevalence of loneliness among older people living in rural areas by ethnic group and to analyze the socio-demographic, family, and health variables related to loneliness. We interviewed 1,692 elderly people living in Chilean rural areas of the regions of Arica and Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Los Lagos, Aisén and Magallanes. The instruments applied were the DJGLS-6 loneliness scale, Family-APGAR, questionnaire of 13 most frequent health problems in Chilean older people, and Barthel index. We found a high prevalence of loneliness (over 55%) among Afro-descendants, Quechua, Atacameño, Colla, Chango, Huilliche, Kawesqar and non-indigenous people. Emotional loneliness is the most prevalent among indigenous and non-indigenous older people living in rural areas (≥ 71%). Variables associated with loneliness were being female, age, not having a partner, living alone, family dysfunctionality, and having health problems. Loneliness in rural areas is higher in older people, and this situation becomes more complex at the crossroads of ethnic-cultural diversity; it is necessary to continue to address this problem that affects biopsychosocial well-being in old age.

Disfungsi Keluarga Pada Masyarakat Kelurahan Kampung Baru

This study describes how dysfunction in the family up to divorce leads to the religious court in Kampung Baru sub-district, Tanjung Pinang Barat. The purpose of the researcher is to discuss how family functions do not work in the new village. This study analyzed theoretically sociology to know about family functions that are applied and not implemented in the family. Approach This study uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach by means of data collection techniques in this study using semi-structured interviews, observation and documentation, determining informants using Purvose sampling technique with 6 informants, namely 2 informants as perpetrators of family functions not working, 2 informants as victims of family dysfunction, and 1 religious court staff informant in tanjungpinang. The results of this study indicate several family functions that do not work in some communities in the new village such as the function of love which does not work resulting in infidelity, the reproductive function which does not work resulting in divorce within the family and the economic function which does not work resulting in abandonment of families such as children whose needs not enough.&#x0D;

Parental Problem Drinking and Child Social Behavior: Pathways of Risk through Family Dysfunction

Parental Problem Drinking and Child Social Behavior: Pathways of Risk through Family Dysfunction

Study on the effect of a triple cancer treatment of propolis, thermal cycling-hyperthermia, and low-intensity ultrasound on PANC-1 cells.

To reduce side effects and enhance treatment efficacy, study on combination therapy for pancreatic cancer, a deadly cancer, has gained much attraction in recent years. In this study, we propose a novel triple treatment combining propolis and two physical stimuli-thermal cycling-hyperthermia (TC-HT) and low-intensity ultrasound (US). The study found that, after the triple treatment, the cell viability of a human cancer cell line PANC-1 decreased to a level 80% less than the control, without affecting the normal pancreatic cells. Another result was excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after the triple treatment, leading to the amplification of apoptotic pathway through the MAPK family and mitochondrial dysfunction. This study, to the best of our knowledge, is the first attempt to combine TC-HT, US, and a natural compound in cancer treatment. The combination of TC-HT and US also promotes the anticancer effect of the heat-sensitive chemotherapy drug cisplatin on PANC-1 cells. It is expected that optimized parameters for different agents and different types of cancer will expand the methodology on oncological therapy in a safe manner.

Информация как ценностный фактор в развитии ребенка: роль функциональности семьи в подаче информации

This article highlights issues related to the socialization of the individual in the information environment, the activation of cognitive processes of the human psyche (imagination, thinking, speech, memory, etc.), which contribute to the productive perception of the subject of information in the context of the formation of moral qualities and ensuring the stability of the individual in the crisis conditions of society. The scientific concepts and methodologies that determine the functions of information in the formation of a new type of society are highlighted. The role of adult potential and family functionality in effective transfer of gender, ethnic, economic, spiritual, demographic information to children for the purpose of formation of identity of different levels, devel-opment of social needs of the individual is noted. The social significance of the development of emotional con-sciousness in the formation of personality is highlighted. The causes of family dysfunctionality in modern so-ciety are analyzed. Recommendations are given on preparation of parents to fulfill family functions, because the quality of information transfer by adults contributes to the effective development of individual functions of the child, his successful integration into society. The necessity of increasing the attention of society to the solu-tion of these issues is noted.

Impact of Family Dysfunction on The Psychological Wellbeing of Pupils in Inclusive Schools in Lagos State, Nigeria

Family plays a significant role on how children develop and a steady family that is steady (responsibility and functionality) is extremely important to the development of a child. A child's home environment should offer a favourable framework for healthy psychological wellbeing. Thus, this study investigated the impact of family dysfunction on the psychological wellbeing of pupils in inclusive schools in Lagos State. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study and simple random sampling technique was used to select 216 respondents from 12 inclusive schools in Lagos State. Two questionnaires titled Family Dysfunction and Psychological Wellbeing Scales (PWBS) were used. Percentage analysis was used to answer the research questions and PPMC was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 alpha level. The study revealed that the level of family dysfunction among pupils in inclusive school in Lagos was relatively high, the state of psychological wellbeing of pupils in inclusive schools in Lagos was relatively low and there was significant negative impact of family dysfunction on psychological wellbeing of pupils in inclusive schools in Lagos State. The study concluded that social support (emotional support) should be highly encouraged by the school authorities to emotional support struggling pupils and their counterparts.

A Study on Juvenile Delinquency in Bangladesh its Causes and Consequences

Background: Juvenile delinquency in Bangladesh refers to the involvement of minors in criminal activities or behaviors that violate societal norms. It is a complex issue influenced by various factors, including socioeconomic disparities, family dysfunction, peer influence, substance abuse, and mental health issues. The prevalence of juvenile delinquency poses significant challenges for the country, affecting the well-being of young individuals and the overall safety of communities. Understanding the causes and consequences of juvenile delinquency is essential for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies that address the unique social, economic, and cultural context of Bangladesh. Objectives: The purpose of this research is to identify the Causes and Consequences of Juvenile Delinquency in Bangladesh. Methods: The study's data came from Scopus and Google Scholar, PUBMED articles that were published between 2015 and 2022. To find further studies, the reference lists of all included studies and pertinent systematic reviews were examined. All searches were limited to just human research and the English language. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results: The results of 9 studies, selected at random, indicate that highlights the significant role of socioeconomic factors, such as low family income and parental education, in increasing the risk of delinquency. It underscores the need for targeted social support programs, educational opportunities, and economic empowerment to address these disparities. Additionally, family dysfunction, peer influence, substance abuse, and mental health issues are identified as key contributors to delinquency, emphasizing the importance of interventions aimed at strengthening families, promoting positive peer networks, addressing substance abuse, and providing mental health support. Conclusion: In conclusion, juvenile delinquency in Bangladesh is a complex issue influenced .....

A Sociological and Mimesis Studies on the Forms of Social Issues and Critique in Indonesian Novels

This study was intended to characterize and analyze the portrait of social issues in Indonesian society depicted in Indonesian literature. This descriptive qualitative study used a grand theory of the literature sociology and a mimetic approach. The research gap of this study lies in its specific focus on social themes addressed by female writers and its exploration of how literary works contribute to a broader understanding of social dynamics. Here are the steps undertaken in data collection for this research: establishing the research objectives, selecting novels that address social issues or themes, closely reading and examining the novels, making notes, identifying units of analysis, and recording relevant quotations or dialogues pertaining to social critique. The data were then examined using content analysis, which was conducted employing 5 novels as the data sources. According to the analysis's findings, poverty was the most prevalent social issue in Indonesian literature because people were accused of being political prisoners by the new order regime and hence were unable to obtain quality employment. Crime, family dysfunction, the development of modern modes, transgressions of social norms, population, environment, religious issues, and social bureaucracy issues were among the social issues of the Indonesian people that were discovered. The implications of this research lie in the endeavour to provide a novel contribution to the understanding of the relationship between literature and society. In other words, literature serves as a means to critique and reflect upon existing social issues.