Dynamic Relationship Research Articles

An Empirical Study on the Dynamic Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policies on the Herding Behavior among Manufacturing Companies

This paper investigates the dynamic interplay between monetary and fiscal policies and their influence on herding behavior among manufacturing companies in China. Herding behavior, characterized by the tendency of firms to mimic the actions of others rather than making independent decisions, can significantly affect market stability and efficiency. The study employs a comprehensive dataset spanning a period that encompasses various monetary and fiscal policy interventions, alongside fluctuations in market conditions. Using advanced econometric techniques, including Vector Autoregression (VAR) models and Granger causality tests, we analyze the short-term and long-term effects of monetary and fiscal policies on herding behavior within the manufacturing sector. The study also examines the moderating role of firm-specific characteristics such as size, industry, and financial health on the relationship between policies and herding behavior. Preliminary findings suggest a complex and dynamic relationship between policy interventions and herding behavior. Monetary policy tools, such as interest rate adjustments and open market operations, exhibit significant short-term effects on herding behavior, influencing firms' decisions to follow prevailing market trends. Similarly, fiscal policy measures, including tax incentives and government spending, demonstrate varying degrees of impact on herding behavior, contingent upon the economic context and firms' financial positions. Furthermore, the study explores the transmission channels through which monetary and fiscal policies influence herding behavior, including their effects on market liquidity, risk perceptions, and investor sentiment. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for policymakers and market participants to anticipate and mitigate the adverse effects of herd behavior on market stability and efficiency. In conclusion, this empirical study contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into the dynamic relationship between monetary and fiscal policies and herding behavior among manufacturing companies in China. The findings have important implications for policymakers aiming to design effective policy interventions to foster a more resilient and stable market environment, ultimately promoting sustainable economic growth and development.

The Role of Macroeconomic Variables in Forecasting Equity Market Volatility in the East African Community Using Garch-Midas Model

This study delves into the dynamic relationship between macroeconomic variables and equity market volatility in the East African Community. The research employs the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model coupled with the Mixed Data Sampling (MIDAS) approach. Through a comparative process, it is found that the different macroeconomic variables exhibit heterogeneous effects on the different countries in the East African community that is macroeconomic factors significantly explain the variation in stock market volatility in Uganda and including these factors in the GARCH-MIDAS model improved its forecasting ability, however, in Kenya it was found that majority of the macroeconomic variables had insignificant effects on stock market volatility and didn’t improve the forecasting ability of the GARCH-MIDAS model.

Interplay of Learning Theories in the Development of Reading Skills

The development of reading skills is a complex process influenced by various learning theories. This interplay of learning theories encompasses several prominent perspectives, including behaviourism, cognitivism, constructivism, and social learning theories, among others. In this regard, this paper aims to explore the interplay of different learning theories—such as behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism, and social learning—and their collective roles on the acquisition and enhancement of reading skills. Based on the related literature review, this paper focused on the relationship between learning theories and reading skill development in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context. It argues that the convergence of these theories enriches our understanding of the intricate process of reading comprehension. The key findings claim that in the dynamic interplay of these learning theories, behaviourism provides foundational skills, cognitivism explores mental processes, constructivism emphasizes the meaning-making process, and social learning theories highlight interactive experiences. The study suggests avenues for future research, encouraging scholars to delve deeper into the dynamic relationship between learning theories and the intricate process of developing reading skills.

Dynamic phasor measurement algorithm based on high-precision time synchronization

Ensuring the swift and precise tracking of power system signal parameters, especially the frequency, is imperative for the secure and stable operation of power grids. In instances of faults within the distribution network, abrupt changes in frequency may occur, presenting a challenge for existing algorithms that struggle to effectively track such signal variations. Addressing the need for enhanced performance in the face of frequency mutations, this paper introduces an innovative approach—the Covariance Reconstruction Extended Kalman Filter (CREKF) algorithm. Initially, the dynamic signal model of electric power is meticulously analyzed, establishing a dynamic signal relationship based on high-precision time source sampling tailored to the signal model’s characteristics. Subsequently, the filter gain, covariance matrix, and variance iteration equation are determined based on the signal relationship among three sampling points. In a final step, recognizing the impact of the covariance matrix on algorithmic tracking ability, the paper proposes a covariance matrix reset mechanism utilizing hysteresis induced by output errors. Through extensive verification with simulated signals, the results conclusively demonstrate that the CREKF algorithm exhibits superior measurement accuracy and accelerated tracking speed when confronted with mutating signals.

Hetero-Motif Molecular Junction Photocatalysts: A New Frontier in Artificial Photosynthesis.

ConspectusTo cope with the increasingly global greenhouse effect and energy shortage, it is urgent to develop a feasible means to convert anthropogenic excess carbon dioxide (CO2) into energy resources. The photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) coupled with the water oxidation reaction (WOR), known as artificial photosynthesis, is a green, clean, and promoting strategy to deal with the above issues. Among the reported photocatalytic systems for CO2 reduction, the main challenge is to achieve WOR simultaneously due to the limited charge separation efficiency and complicated dynamic process. To address the problem, scientists have assembled two nanosemiconductor motifs for CO2RR and WOR into a heterojunction photocatalyst to realize artificial photosynthesis. However, it is difficult to clearly explore the corresponding catalytic mechanism and establish an accurate structure-activity relationship at the molecular level for their aperiodic distribution and complicated structural information. Standing on the shoulders of the heterojunction photocatalysts, a new-generation material, hetero-motif molecular junction (HMMJ) photocatalysts, has been developed and studied by our laboratory. A hetero-motif molecular junction is a class of crystalline materials with a well-defined and periodic structure, adjustable assembly mode, and semiconductor-like properties, which is composed of two predesigned motifs with oxidation and reduction, respectively, by coordination or covalent bonds. The intrinsic properties make these catalysts susceptible to functional modifications to improve light absorption and electrical conductivity. The small size and short distance of the motifs can greatly promote the efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole separation and migration. Based on these advantages, they can be used as potential excellent photocatalysts for artificial photosynthesis. Notably, the explicit structural information determined by single-crystal or powder X-ray diffraction can provide a visual platform to explore the reaction mechanism. More importantly, the connection number, spatial distance, interaction, and arrangement mode of the structural motifs can be well-designed to explore the detailed structure-activity relationship that can be hardly studied in nanoheterojunction photocatalyst systems. In this regard, HMMJ photocatalysts can be a new frontier in artificial photosynthesis and serve as an important bridge between molecular photocatalysts and solid photocatalysts. Thus, it is very important to summarize the state-of-the-art of the HMMJ photocatalysts used for artificial photosynthesis and to give in-depth insight to promote future development.In this Account, we have summarized the recent advances in artificial photosynthesis using HMMJ photocatalysts, mainly focusing on the results in our lab. We present an overview of current knowledge about developed photocatalytic systems for artificial photosynthesis, introduce the design schemes of the HMMJ photocatalysts and their unique advantages as compared to other photocatalysts, summarize the construction strategies of HMMJ photocatalysts and their application in artificial photosynthesis, and explain why hetero-motif molecular junctions can be promising photocatalysts and show that they provide a powerful platform for studying photocatalysis. The structure-activity relationship and charge separation dynamics are illustrated. Finally, we bring our outlook on present challenges and future development of HMMJ photocatalysts and their potential application prospects on other photocatalytic reaction systems. We believe that this Account will afford important insights for the construction of high-efficiency photocatalysts and guidance for the development of more photocatalytic systems in an atom-economic, environmentally friendly, and sustainable way.

A Study on the Impact of Social Media Platforms and Financial Advertisements on Youth and Their Lifestyle in Mumbai

An extensive research endeavour spanning an entire year investigates the complex interplay among financial advertisements, social media platforms, and the lifestyles of the youth residing in Mumbai. Commencing with the formation of a riding school, the research investigates a range of operational facets, including financial resources, equine grooming operations, and strategic partnerships with Mahalaxmi Racecourse. By employing SPSS software for comprehensive statistical analyses, this study reveals significant findings regarding the impact of social media on young individuals' body image, lifestyle preferences, and financial decision-making. Fundamentally, the results demonstrate a noteworthy positive association between the utilization of visual social media platforms and apprehensions regarding body image, thereby emphasizing the psychological ramifications of online exposure. Furthermore, the study demonstrates a significant correlation between heightened social media utilization and a deterioration in both physical and mental health, underscoring the importance of developing a more nuanced comprehension of digital participation. Regression analyses illuminate the influential effect that financial advertisements have on the investment propensity and consumer decisions of young individuals. The research additionally underscores the significant impact that social media has on the way of life of the youth in Mumbai, acknowledging both favourable and unfavourable aspects. It is worth noting that age and educational background are not considered substantial factors in determining social media influence. This emphasizes the need to acknowledge and account for individual variations in digital engagement. Moving forward, it is suggested that further investigation be conducted into particular categories of content found on social media platforms that have a substantial influence on body image concerns and lifestyle choices. It is recommended to conduct long-term analyses of the relationship between social media usage and well-being in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of causality and durable effects. Furthermore, the study promotes the investigation of cultural subtleties that impact social media, the ethical implications of financial advertising, and the influence of peer relationships on social media on the decisions and behaviours of young people. In summary, this study reveals a complex and multifaceted account of the dynamic relationship among financial advertisements, social media, and the way of life of young individuals residing in Mumbai. Academics, policymakers, and practitioners will benefit from the findings, which urge a comprehensive comprehension of the digital influence on the younger generation. The study not only investigates immediate conjectures but also establishes a groundwork for subsequent inquiries into the continuously developing domain of the influence of social media on the conduct and welfare of young individuals.

Liposuction Sonrası D Vitamini Durumundaki Dinamik Değişimler: Hasta İzleme ve Sağlık Açısından Etkileri

Aim: Liposuction, a prevalent plastic surgery procedure, has gained a significant popularity in recent years. Vitamin D, a crucial fat-soluble vitamin, plays a vital role in numerous metabolic pathways, with emerging importance beyond skeletal health. This study aims to assess vitamin D status before and after liposuction surgery and examine the impact of removed adipose tissue on serum 25(OH)D levels. Material and Method: This cross-sectional study included patients undergoing liposuction between January 2022 and February 2023. Criteria for inclusion and evaluation of vitamin D status followed established guidelines. Vitamin D status and serum 25(OH)D levels were assessed and measured on the follow-up points. Results: Participants (n=21) exhibited a significant decrease in BMI postoperatively. Serum 25(OH)D levels showed a decline, reaching the lowest in the 1st month post-surgery. The distribution of vitamin D status shifted postoperatively, with an increased incidence of deficiency. Conclusion: The study underscores the dynamic relationship between BMI, adipose tissue, and vitamin D levels following liposuction. Research has associated vitamin D deficiency with adverse surgical outcomes and emphasizes the need for monitoring this parameter in elective surgeries. Findings suggest a dynamic shift in vitamin D status post-liposuction, advocating for continuous monitoring and potential supplementation.

The Influence of Music Genres on Fashion Styles; a Cross-Culture Analysis on Youngsters

Abstract: This study roots into the complex relationship between music and fashion, aiming to reveal the significant impact of music on the continually changing fashion industry. It has long been acknowledged that music, as a potent cultural force, can influence social conventions, feelings, and manifestations. In a similar vein, fashion conveys identity, culture, and inventiveness through its visual language. This research attempts to clarify the mutually beneficial link between these two artistic mediums by investigating the ways in which music both actively influences and reflects fashion trends over time. The study takes an interdisciplinary approach, tracing the dynamic relationships between music and fashion through historical investigations, cultural studies, and sociological viewpoints. We examine how genres and subcultures make a lasting impression on fashion choices through case studies that range from the rebellious styles of the 1950s rock 'n' roll era to the avant-garde fusions of modern pop and hip-hop influences. The study looks at how celebrities, from present influencers like Rihanna to historical icons like Elvis Presley, become fashion trendsetters and change agents. The research also explores the psychological and emotional aspects of this link, looking at how design decisions, colour schemes, and even the general public's definition of beauty are influenced by the beat, lyrics, and spirit of music. The goal of the paper is to present a thorough understanding of the mutual effect between music and fashion, illuminating the processes by which cultural change is manifested visually. In summary, this study adds to the expanding literature of research examining the relationship between fashion and music, providing insights into the processes that influence fashion and stimulate innovation. Comprehending this mutually beneficial association enhances our admiration for both artis

The impact of language proficiency on therapy outcomes in multilingual couples: A conceptual framework for research

In an increasingly interconnected world, the dynamics of relationships are undergoing significant transformations, particularly within multilingual couples where language proficiency plays a crucial role. This review presents a conceptual framework aimed at exploring the intricate interplay between language proficiency and therapy outcomes in such relationships. Understanding the impact of language proficiency on therapy outcomes necessitates a multidimensional approach. Firstly, it requires an examination of the linguistic competencies of each partner within the relationship. Proficiency in multiple languages can influence communication patterns, affective expressions, and the negotiation of conflicts, thereby shaping the therapeutic process. Additionally, cultural factors intertwined with language proficiency further contribute to the complexity of therapeutic dynamics within multilingual couples. Furthermore, this conceptual framework emphasizes the importance of considering the socio-linguistic context in which therapy takes place. The power dynamics associated with language use, including dominance, fluency, and language preference, can significantly influence the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Moreover, language barriers may hinder the expression of emotions and the resolution of conflicts, posing unique challenges to the therapeutic process. Moreover, the framework underscores the significance of therapist competence in navigating linguistic and cultural diversity within multilingual couples. Therapists must possess not only linguistic proficiency but also cultural sensitivity and awareness to effectively address the unique needs and challenges faced by these couples. Culturally responsive therapeutic approaches, such as multilingual therapy modalities and language mediation techniques, can facilitate a more inclusive and effective therapeutic process. This conceptual framework offers a comprehensive lens through which to examine the impact of language proficiency on therapy outcomes in multilingual couples. By acknowledging the complex interplay between language, culture, and therapy, researchers and practitioners can better understand and address the unique needs of these couples, ultimately enhancing the efficacy and inclusivity of therapeutic interventions.

Cascading defenses: A multifaceted narrative of immune responses in head and neck physiology

This scholarly investigation provides an exhaustive exploration of the intricate landscape governing immune responses within the physiology of the head and neck, with a specific emphasis on the concept of cascading defenses. The introduction underscores the paramount significance of comprehending immune responses within this distinctive anatomical context, illuminating the multifaceted nature of the immune system. The initial section scrupulously examines the primary line of defense, elucidating the pivotal role of physical and chemical barriers, including the skin, mucous membranes, and antimicrobial secretions. Transitioning to the subsequent section, the study delves into the realm of innate immune responses, offering insights into the activation mechanisms of phagocytes, the release of inflammatory mediators, and the functioning of the complement system. The third section provides a closer examination of adaptive immune responses, furnishing detailed insights into the activation processes of B and T cells, as well as the establishment of immunological memory. The intricate interplay between the innate and adaptive immune systems is thoroughly explored in the fifth section, with a particular emphasis on the coordination, communication, and feedback loops characterizing their dynamic relationships. To address the unique challenges posed by the distinctive anatomical features of the head and neck, including the presence of specialized immune structures, the sixth section contributes valuable insights. The article further ventures into the realm of immunopathology in head and neck disorders in the subsequent section, shedding light on potential dysregulation, autoimmune implications, and prospective immunotherapy approaches. Section eight extends its focus to future perspectives and research directions, encompassing emerging technologies, therapeutic interventions, and implications for personalized medicine. In conclusion, this study successfully recapitulates the multifaceted narrative surrounding immune responses in head and neck physiology, underscoring the ongoing significance of research in advancing clinical approaches. The dynamic and interconnected nature of immune defenses in this anatomical context serves as a foundation for future investigations and holds promising applications in the field of clinical medicine.

Insights into the Dynamic Relationship between Technology and Task-Based Language Teaching: A Critical Review

The advent of new technologies and educational tools, while undoubtedly exciting, can often lead their being a mere source of entertainment unless their design, deployment and assessment are grounded in the principles of educational and language development. The task-based language teaching approach, along with its theoretical premises in task-based language learning, offers an excellent opportunity to leverage the potential of technological advancements to create an engaging and effective language-learning process. This approach not only produces high-quality results but also instills a sense of validity and importance that extends beyond the confines of the classroom. Task-based language teaching has garnered significant attention from academicians in language education and second language acquisition from the 1980s. Current literature on task-based language teaching highlights its theoretical concepts and real-world application in foreign and second language teaching, which is continually growing. The integration of learning technology into task-based language teaching has the potential to instill confidence and motivation in learners and open a path for them to use their second language skills effectively in real-world situations, which is crucial in the twenty-first century. This analysis aims to examine the relationship between technology and task-based language teaching. It explores how technology affects task-based language teaching and vice versa, while also addressing the difficulties that arise when using task-based language teaching in technology-based contexts. Furthermore, this review illustrates a range of crucial aspects that require attention to further the development of technology-enhanced task-based language teaching.

Advancing the Social Internet of Things (SIoT): Challenges, Innovations, and Future Perspectives

This study conducts an in-depth review of the Social Internet of Things (SIoT), a significant advancement from the conventional Internet of Things (IoT) via the integration of socialization principles akin to human interactions. We explore the architecture, trust management, relationship dynamics, and other crucial aspects of SIoT, with a particular focus on the relatively neglected areas of fault tolerance, cloud–fog computing, and clustering. Our systematic literature analysis, spanning research from 2011 to April 2023, uncovers critical gaps and establishes a detailed taxonomy of emerging SIoT themes. This paper not only sheds light on the current state of SIoT research but also charts a course for future exploration and development in this burgeoning field.

Predicting cheating among married individuals based on sexual satisfaction and personality traits: A review

This article discusses the prediction of cheating among married individuals based on two significant factors: sexual satisfaction and personality traits. Sexual satisfaction is an essential component of a healthy and fulfilling relationship, and individuals who experience a lack of fulfillment in their sexual lives may seek satisfaction outside their marriage. Personality traits play a crucial role in determining an individual's propensity for cheating, with several traits commonly associated with a higher likelihood of engaging in infidelity, including low levels of conscientiousness, high levels of impulsivity, narcissism, and a desire for novelty and excitement. While sexual satisfaction and personality traits each contribute to the prediction of cheating, their interaction can further enhance our understanding. Developing reliable predictive models for cheating based on sexual satisfaction and personality traits is a complex task, with researchers using various methods to discern patterns and make accurate predictions. Data analysis techniques, such as logistic regression and machine learning algorithms, have been applied to collected data on married individuals and their tendencies to cheat, achieving moderate success in predictive accuracy. However, it is essential to acknowledge the limitations of these predictions, such as individual circumstances, relationship dynamics, and other external variables that are not accounted for in these models. Privacy concerns and ethical considerations surrounding the monitoring of individuals' personal lives must also be taken into account. These predictive models should be used with caution and in conjunction with comprehensive counseling and support systems to maintain the integrity of relationships.

Metaphorical language in couple's therapy: A conceptual exploration of its impact on conflict resolution

Metaphorical language, though often overlooked, plays a pivotal role in couple's therapy, shaping the dynamics of communication and influencing conflict resolution processes. This conceptual exploration delves into the multifaceted impact of metaphorical language on the therapeutic discourse within couples. Through a synthesis of existing literature and theoretical frameworks, this paper elucidates the intricate interplay between metaphorical expressions and the resolution of relational conflicts. The use of metaphorical language in couple's therapy serves as a symbolic bridge, facilitating the articulation of deeply rooted emotions and experiences that may otherwise remain inaccessible. Metaphors act as linguistic vehicles, enabling individuals to convey complex thoughts and feelings in a manner that transcends literal expression. Within the therapeutic context, metaphors offer a creative space for couples to explore their relationship dynamics, perceptions, and narratives. Furthermore, metaphorical language not only elucidates individual experiences but also shapes the shared reality constructed by couples. Metaphors can reveal underlying relational patterns, power dynamics, and unspoken assumptions, thereby fostering insight and empathy between partners. By reframing conflicts through metaphorical lenses, couples can gain a fresh perspective on their challenges, promoting collaborative problem-solving and mutual understanding. However, the impact of metaphorical language in couple's therapy is not unidimensional. Misinterpretations or divergent interpretations of metaphors may inadvertently exacerbate misunderstandings or conflicts within the therapeutic process. Therapists must navigate the nuances of metaphorical communication sensitively, balancing interpretation with validation of individual experiences and perspectives. This conceptual exploration highlights the significance of metaphorical language in shaping the therapeutic discourse and its potential implications for conflict resolution in couple's therapy. By embracing and exploring metaphorical expressions, therapists can harness the transformative power of language to facilitate insight, empathy, and ultimately, relational healing within couples. Further empirical research is warranted to elucidate the nuanced mechanisms through which metaphorical language influences therapeutic outcomes in couple's therapy.

Challenges in engaging patients in feedback conversations for health care professionals' workplace learning.

Patient feedback is relevant information for improvement of health care professionals' performance. Engaging patients in feedback conversations can help to harness patient feedback as a powerful tool for learning. However, health care settings may prevent patients and health care professionals to effectively engage in a feedback dialogue. To advance our understanding of how feedback conversations may support learning in and from practice, we sought to explore patients' and health care providers' perspectives on engaging patients in feedback conversations as informal learning opportunities. For this qualitative study, we used a pragmatic approach and conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 health care providers and 10 patient consultants. We applied an inductive approach to thematic analysis to understand interviewees' perceptions regarding patient feedback for workplace learning. Participants attributed importance to patient feedback and described how the feedback may improve treatment relationships, professionals' performance and care processes on the team level and the organisational level. Participants experienced conflicting roles as patient and educator or expert and learner, respectively. Changing relationships, feelings of vulnerability and perceived power dynamics in treatment relationships would affect participants' engagement in feedback conversations. Patients and professionals alike saw a role for themselves in giving or inviting feedback but often missed the tools for engaging in feedback conversations. Patient feedback can contribute to professionals' practice-based learning but requires navigating tensions around conflicting roles and power dynamics in the treatment relationship. Both patients and health care professionals need to embrace vulnerability and may need facilitation and guidance to use patient feedback effectively. Attention to power dynamics, if not a shift towards collaborative relationships, is however crucial to engage patients in feedback conversations, thereby capitalising the power patients posses.

EffCause: Discover Dynamic Causal Relationships Efficiently from Time-Series

Since the proposal of Granger causality, many researchers have followed the idea and developed extensions to the original algorithm. The classic Granger causality test aims to detect the existence of the static causal relationship. Notably, a fundamental assumption underlying most previous studies is the stationarity of causality, which requires the causality between variables to keep stable. However, this study argues that it is easy to break in real-world scenarios. Fortunately, our paper presents an essential observation: if we consider a sufficiently short window when discovering the rapidly changing causalities, they will keep approximately static and thus can be detected using the static way correctly. In light of this, we develop EffCause, bringing dynamics into classic Granger causality. Specifically, to efficiently examine the causalities on different sliding window lengths, we design two optimization schemes in EffCause and demonstrate the advantage of EffCause through extensive experiments on both simulated and real-world datasets. The results validate that EffCause achieves state-of-the-art accuracy in continuous causal discovery tasks while achieving faster computation. Case studies from cloud system failure analysis and traffic flow monitoring show that EffCause effectively helps us understand real-world time-series data and solve practical problems.

Integration of Pakistan's stock market with the stock markets of top ten developed economies

This study examines the integration of Pakistan's Stock Market with the stock markets of the top ten largest economies in the world—USA, China, Japan, Germany, the UK, India, France, Italy, Brazil, and Canada—from January 2015 to October 2020. To examine long- and short run integration, this study employed Johansen and Juselius co-integration and pair-wise Granger causality tests. In the long run, the results indicated that Pakistan's Stock Market is not integrated with these markets. This implies that the market is more attractive in portfolio diversification for international investors, and vice versa. In the short run, the results revealed that, except for China, Pakistan's stock market integrates with the remaining nine markets. However, Pakistan's stock market exhibits a bidirectional relationship with the USA, Japan, Germany, the UK, and France in the lead-lag relationship. However, its relationship with India, Italy, Brazil, and Canada is unidirectional, with Pakistan's stock market leading, while these markets are following. For Pakistani investors, China is the optimal market, and vice versa. Importantly, our findings help policymakers to comprehend Pakistan's dynamic relationship with its trading partners. To the best of our knowledge, no prior study has employed advanced techniques to address the time-varying correlation among the selected markets. By determining Pakistan's stock market integration with its trading partners, this study aimed to fill this empirical literature gap.

Expressive Illocutionary Acts on Manchester United Instagram Account

In this study, we analyzed expressive illocutionary acts in Manchester United Instagram comments, drawing on Searle's framework. Public figures and sports clubs, including Manchester United, leverage Instagram for personal branding and fan interaction. Our research focused on three distinct posts, revealing a spectrum of speech acts. The analysis identified a prevalence of thanking (14%), complaining (26%), complimenting (23%), wishing (20%), and greeting (17%). Notably, complaints stood out, indicating follower dissatisfaction with recent club developments. This underscores the significance of social media platforms in fostering user engagement and communication. The study sheds light on how fans express themselves in written form, contributing to the broader understanding of online interactions and the dynamics of fan-club relationships. As Instagram continues to play a pivotal role in communication, our findings offer insights into the diverse ways users engage with a prominent sports brand like Manchester United on this platform.

Emotions in the making: sexual violence in the Japanese empire, 1937–1945

ABSTRACT This article applies the history of emotions lens to study the emotions experienced by the ‘comfort women’ in the Japanese Empire. Emotions have been a long-neglected aspect in the study of military sexual violence. The article examines how a mélange of positive and negative emotions enabled those women to exercise some limited agency in a confined and tightly regulated space and, in some rare cases, a rather fair degree of autonomy outside of the confined space. By unravelling the varied textures of interactions between sexual violence and emotions, I argue that affective attachment and intimate relations developed in the confined sites of sexual exploitation formed a kind of strategic intimacy that enables those individuals to exercise limited forms, and a finite amount, of agency. Further, the article utilises sources produced from the perspectives of the victimised women and imperial regulators. Those angles investigate emotions expressed through, and embedded in, dynamic power relationships. The dual perspectives bring out gendered experiences of emotions and also reveal a disparate set of nuanced emotions due to positionality. The article therefore offers a critical analysis of the interrelationships among sexual violence, state power, and a particular set of emotions as a form of power and resistance.

Determinants of Islamic bank stability in Asia

Purpose This study aims to analyze the factors that influenced the stability of Islamic banks in Asia. Design/methodology/approach The panel data consisted of 16 Asian countries operating Islamic banks from 2010 to 2019. The data were analyzed through dynamic panel regression using Arellano–Bond generalized method of moments (GMM). Findings This study provides novel insights into the factors influencing the stability of Islamic banks in Asia. The findings suggest that past financial stability, liquidity risk, loan risk, inflation, gross domestic product, government effectiveness, rule of law and control of corruption are all significant contributors to Islamic bank stability. Notably, political stability, voice and accountability and regulatory quality did not show a significant association. Research limitations/implications The current study’s focus was solely on Islamic bank stability in Asian countries, which leaves room for further exploration. Future research could benefit from expanding the scope to encompass all nations with active Islamic banking institutions. In addition, incorporating a broader range of macroeconomic variables, such as exchange rates, interest rates, profit-sharing equivalents and investment rates, could provide deeper insights into the factors influencing Islamic bank stability across diverse contexts. Practical implications This study has significant practical implications for policymakers, bank managers and regulatory authorities seeking to enhance the stability of Islamic banks in Asia. By implementing robust risk management frameworks, adopting prudent regulatory policies, and actively fostering economic growth, policymakers can create an environment conducive to the sustained development and prosperity of Islamic banking institutions. Notably, promoting good governance practices and instituting effective crisis prevention measures can further bolster the resilience of the Islamic banking sector, enabling it to play a more dynamic role in contributing to the overall development and welfare of Asian societies. Social implications The findings of this study carry significant social implications, highlighting the need for governments in Asian countries to prioritize public policies that promote good governance and ethical practices within the banking industry. Such policies, coupled with efforts to attract foreign investments and foster a stable and transparent banking sector, have the potential to generate far-reaching positive effects on society. Through economic growth stimulated by a robust Islamic banking sector, Asian countries can create new employment opportunities, improve living standards and ultimately enhance the overall well-being of their citizens. Originality/value This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on Islamic banking stability by offering novel insights and expanding the empirical knowledge base in this field. The dual application of robust regression methodologies – namely, GMM dynamic panel data models – presents a unique analytical framework for investigating the complex interplay between diverse variables and Islamic bank stability. This methodological choice fosters deeper understanding of the dynamic relationships at play, advancing our understanding of how specific factors influence the sector's resilience and performance. In addition, the study uses rigorous empirical techniques and engages with the extant literature to provide fresh perspectives and nuanced interpretations of the findings, further solidifying its contribution to the field's originality and richness.