Political Dynamics Research Articles

The Political Dynamics of Refugee Migration in Europe: Analyzing the Impact of Nationalism, EU Solidarity, and the Dublin Regulation Post-2015 Migrant Crisis

The Political Dynamics of Refugee Migration in Europe: Analyzing the Impact of Nationalism, EU Solidarity, and the Dublin Regulation Post-2015 Migrant Crisis

The Mandate of the Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development: A Case of Kabwe District, Zambia

The Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development (MLGRD) in Zambia plays a pivotal role in enhancing local governance, facilitating rural development, and promoting sustainable socioeconomic progress. This study examines the implementation of the Ministry’s mandate in Kabwe District, focusing on its governance structures, institutional dynamics, and decentralization practices. Using Public Administration, Decentralization, Good Governance, Institutional, Development, and Political Ecology theories as analytical frameworks, the research investigates how effectively the MLGRD fulfills its responsibilities. The study employs literature review of other scholars to assess the Ministry's operational efficiency, policy implementation, and community impact. Key findings reveal challenges such as limited institutional capacity, resource constraints, and the influence of political dynamics, which hinder effective service delivery and rural development initiatives. The review highlights the need for enhanced institutional frameworks, participatory governance mechanisms, and strategic resource allocation to strengthen the Ministry’s performance. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on decentralization and local governance in Zambia, offering actionable recommendations for improving policy and practice. This study underscores the critical role of the MLGRD in driving equitable and sustainable development at the local level, with Kabwe District serving as a microcosm of broader national challenges and opportunities.

Exploring the Impacts of Economic Policies, Policy Uncertainty, and Politics on Carbon Emissions

Abstract Addressing climate change challenges through managing and mitigating CO2 emissions has taken center stage in shaping economic policies. This paper analyzes the intricate interplay among economic policies, their uncertainty, political dynamics, and CO2 emissions by utilizing the U.S. data from 1973 to 2024. Our empirical results derived from the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with dummy variables indicate that expansionary monetary policies and higher corporate tax rates may increase CO2 emissions. Political factors, including economic policy uncertainty and the political climate, yield long-term impacts on CO2 emissions. The dominant party in the legislative branch, but not the presidency, emerges as a key determinant in carbon dioxide emission control, underscoring the significance of consensus-building in democratic processes, yet with variation in effects across different chambers. The robustness of these key findings is reaffirmed through different models. The findings suggest that party affiliation does not always dictate environmental policy outcomes, emphasizing the complexity of policy formulation and its representation within legislative bodies, providing insight to decision-makers when economic policies are considered.

Turbulent Takeoff—Hard Landing: State-Airline Relations and the Challenges of Early Commercial Aviation in Iran, 1923–1932

This article studies the rise and fall of commercial aviation in Iran, then known as Persia, between 1923 and 1932. Two airlines, the German Junkers Luftverkehr AG and Britain’s Imperial Airways, invested significant time and effort in developing air routes but eventually failed due to financial hardship and political intransigence. Exploring this erratic development, the article has two aims: first, to investigate the entangled history of two of the world’s oldest airlines and the challenges they navigated; and second, to assess the fraught relationship between state and business interests. The German and British airlines were rivals in Iran, but they became partly dependent on each other. Both airlines suffered from the global political dynamics of the interwar period while Junkers, in particular, also struggled financially. Meanwhile, the Iranian state had yet to decide whether to view the new technology with enthusiasm or concern. Its ambivalent and reluctant reaction had profound effects on the trajectories of Junkers and Imperial Airways. Assessing the capability of a nascent airline industry to develop viable business models outside of Europe, the article also serves as a case study revealing the headwinds airlines encountered in the earliest phase of commercial aviation.

Shifting from Religious Populism to Authoritarian Populism: Two Decades of Identity Politics Dynamics in Indonesia

This article aims to answer the question of whether identity-based movements are free from tendencies in political economy. By analyzing the actions and orientations of the militant Islamic group from the New Order to the Reform era, we show that social movements based on cultural identities are far from representing the demands of groups of recognition. Rather, these movements are leveraged as political tools for the executive group in determining dominant issues among the public to increase voter preferences and bring economic benefits to militant Islamic groups. This is insisted upon through a shift in political trends from religious populism to authoritarian populism. We argue that a possible solution could be prioritizing democratic values that lead to performance and integrity, not sectoral interests that can create fragmentation in society.

Why is learning from patient safetyincidents (still) so hard? Asociocultural perspective onlearningfrom incidents inhealthcare organizations.

Despite robust quality improvement efforts in healthcare, learning from patient safety incidents remains difficult. Our study explores counter-vailing powers shaping learning processes and possibilities in healthcare organizations, with a focus on social, political and organizational dynamics of learning. Deploying concepts of situated curriculum, boundary work and interconnected knowledge practices, we interviewed staff and physicians (n=15) in a large Academic Health Science Centre in Canada about their experiences of incident investigations and resultant information sharing. Our analytical strategy was abductive, drawing connections to sociology of the professions and learning sciences literature. Incident investigation and follow-up processes are relatively robust for learning about incidents in the organization. However, learning from incidents remains difficult, complicated by the professional politics of incident classification, counter-vailing policies related to privacy, the organization of improvement work towards reporting, and an organizational focus on incidents with severe outcomes. Participants advocated for a broader view of incidents, moving beyond classification and investigation based on severity of outcome to also include incidents that are "learning rich". To that end, we argue for more research on the role of Patient Safety Specialists in organizational learning and more collaborations with learning sciences. This paper illuminates ways in which robust information dissemination structures are an important but insufficient condition for learning from incidents. The argument goes beyond a prescriptive approach to learning from incidents to instead explore the competing visions and values implicated with improvement practices.

The Myth of “Zaim”/“Zuema”: Revisiting 1950s Lebanese Elite Taxonomy and Circulation

ABSTRACT This study challenges the prevalent use of the term “Zaim/Zuema” in analyzing Lebanese political leadership during the 1950s. While Arnold Hottinger popularized this terminology through his influential work on the 1958 Lebanese Crisis, this paper argues that such categorization oversimplifies and exoticizes the complex nature of Lebanese political elites. Building on and critiquing subsequent frameworks by Albert Hourani and Wade Goria, this study proposes a more nuanced categorization based on historical boundaries: “political elites of Mount Lebanon” and “notables of the attached areas.” Through examination of primary sources and contemporary accounts, the paper demonstrates how the Lebanese political landscape of the 1950s featured diverse actors ranging from aristocrats and feudal chiefs to modern politicians and ideological movement leaders. The study particularly focuses on the elite circulation during the 1952 “Rosewater Revolution” and the 1958 Crisis, revealing how personal rivalries, regional pressures, and global dynamics intersected in Lebanese politics. By relocating Lebanon’s political dynamics within a broader framework of elite circulation theory, this research challenges both the simplistic categorizations and conjectural localizations of terminology, contributing to a more sophisticated understanding of Lebanese political history in the mid-twentieth century.

The Everyday Commoning Practices in Urbanising Localities

Negotiating Rights to Inhabit Common Lands for Housing in Two Cities of South India This paper presents a framework for understanding the everyday political dynamics of commoning initiated by residents to secure their claims to ‘common land’ in urbanising localities. This paper puts forward the proposition that a spatialised approach would serve to reveal the extent to which unique socio-political and geographical factors exert an influence upon the dynamics of collective actions (commoning). It examines the experience of households in two squatter settlements on the outskirts of two South Indian cities: Villupuram, a medium-sized town in the state of Tamil Nadu, and Bangalore, a large metropolis in the state of Karnataka. It demonstrates how common land could serve as a foundation for the inclusion of poor communities within the city. The two cases presented in this paper reflect a trend observed in Indian cities since the mid-1990s, whereby rural common lands in urbanised localities, previously allocated to poor households for housing, have been targeted for more profitable development, eventually justified by environmental arguments. Consequently, those in poverty are compelled to compete with more powerful actors in order to assert their right to the common land they occupy for the purpose of housing. The two case studies demonstrate the capacity of such communities to unite and engage in practical political actions to regularise their settlements and dwellings. We describe their engagement with multiple government institutions across the rural and urban continuum and illustrate the influence of contextual factors, including geographical and temporal factors, in shaping the unique and diverse trajectories of commoning.

Analisis Kegagalan Pasangan Calon Husain Alting Sjah dan Asrul Rasyid pada Pilgub Malut 2024

This study aims to analyze the failure of the candidate pair Husain Alting Sjah and Asrul Rasyid in the 2024 Maluku Utara Gubernatorial Election (Pilgub Malut). This election is crucial for regional political dynamics as it involves strategic figures and influences future policy directions. The research background focuses on understanding the main factors that contributed to the defeat, which may include social, political, and economic aspects. The study employed a literature review method, utilizing data from official documents, media reports, and relevant research findings. The analysis reveals that the candidates faced significant challenges, including insufficient internal consolidation within the campaign team, political communication strategies that failed to reach all societal layers effectively, and weaker political networks compared to their competitors. External factors, such as the dominance of rivals with broader support bases and more effective mobilization capabilities, also contributed to the loss. The study concludes that Husain Alting Sjah and Asrul Rasyid were unable to fully capitalize on their social and political assets to compete effectively. This research provides theoretical contributions to the study of political strategies in local elections, particularly in the Maluku Utara region, and offers practical insights for candidates in preparing political strategies in the future.

The Intensity of Ethnic Chinese Political Communication on Active Political Participation in DKI Jakarta

Exploring the complexity of the political landscape in Jakarta influenced by ethnic diversity, with a focus on the significant role of the Chinese ethnic group in political dynamics. Starting from the foundation of ethnic diversity, the aim is to investigate the intensity of political communication within the Chinese ethnic group and its impact on public perception and political participation in Jakarta. Understanding the dynamics of political communication becomes increasingly crucial, especially in the context of the potential for the government and politicians to leverage these opportunities through appropriate approaches, creating a multicultural political contestation. This approach requires an understanding of various aspects, including intercultural communication, communication psychology, and the media's impact on policies.This research specifically explores public perception of political communication within the Chinese ethnic group, uncovering how political messages are understood by Jakarta's diverse society across different social and ethnic layers. The analysis encompasses levels of political participation, including participation in general elections and contributions to political organizations. To address the complexity, this research analyzes factors influencing political communication within the Chinese ethnic group, including social, cultural, economic, and political aspects, to understand the context shaping their political messages.Despite facing challenges in obtaining credible data, this research is expected to provide practical insights for the Chinese ethnic group, the government, and the general public in designing inclusive communication strategies and strengthening social harmony in Jakarta

The politics of environmental policy: haze pollution, ASEAN, and the way forward

One of the lingering environmental issues faced in Southeast Asia is transboundary haze due to peatland fires. The issue is primarily evident in the Southern sub-region of ASEAN but affects the entirety of the Southeast Asian region. Recent spikes in haze since 2023 and ASEAN’s inability to adopt enforcing pronouncements and mediate the political ‘blame game’ between ASEAN member states lays the foundation for alternative approaches to curtail the environmental crisis. This empirical explanatory study utilizes primary and secondary data between 2014 and 2024 relevant to the political dynamics of haze pollution regulation in Southeast Asia. It is recommended that an ASEAN code of conduct be introduced to elevate the importance of transboundary haze regulations in Southeast Asia. A moderate level of its implementation grants ASEAN member states the freedom to determine the time period and form of domestic regulations to be practiced. In ensuring greater stakeholder accountability and participation, it is also recommended that ASEAN member states provide incentives for private entities adopting sustainable management practices of peatlands and sanction stakeholders who display non-compliance.

The Influence of Social Media Usage and Political Trust on Young Voters Political Participation in Padang City

The advancement of information technology and evolving political dynamics have significantly changed how young people engage in politics. This study focuses on investigating the influence of social media usage and political trust on the political involvement of Generation Z and Millennials in the 2024 election in Padang City. The research, utilizing a quantitative associative method with multiple linear regression analysis, involved 100 respondents aged 17 to 42, selected through proportional stratified random sampling. The results revealed a notable simultaneous influence of social media usage and political trust on political participation, accounting for 31.6%. Individually, social media usage had a substantial influence of 29.5%, while political trust had an 8.6% impact on political participation. Based on these findings, recommended that the government and relevant institutions enhance digital and political literacy among young people and foster political trust through transparency and accountability. This research emphasizes the significance of effective political communication strategies on social media to boost the political engagement of young individuals in future elections.

The Political Economy of Natural Resources: Exploitation and Sustainability

This article explores the political economy dynamics of natural resources in relation to their exploitation and sustainability. Natural resources, such as oil, gas, minerals, and forests, play a critical role in economic development. However, their management is often hindered by power imbalances, neoliberal policies, and pressures from globalization. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the study analyzes how policies, economic structures, and political dynamics shape the exploitation of natural resources and their effects on social, economic, and environmental sustainability. The article emphasizes the need for sustainable development as a solution, focusing on integrating environmental sustainability, social inclusiveness, and equitable economic growth. By addressing these interconnected factors, the article argues that it is possible to achieve a balance between economic growth and the preservation of natural resources. Furthermore, it offers strategic recommendations for overcoming the challenges of exploitation and inequality in resource management. These recommendations include creating policies that prioritize fairness, transparency, and long-term sustainability. The article stresses the importance of inclusive and future-oriented governance, which ensures that natural resource wealth benefits all sectors of society, while minimizing environmental degradation. Such governance approaches can lead to more equitable outcomes, fostering a sustainable relationship between human development and the natural environment.

Analysis of Regional Economic Disparities and Voter Turnout in the 2024 Elections in Korea and Mexico Using Big Data

This study examines the impact of regional economic disparities on voter turnout in South Korea and Mexico using machine learning and statistical analysis. A country comparison analysis showed that economic centers with high GRDP had lower voter turnout in both countries. K-means clustering identified three regional clusters, revealing a trend where regions with higher economic growth or economic hardship tended to have lower participation rates. In South Korea, multiple regression analysis indicated that the home sales index had the largest influence on turnout, while income and wealth had smaller effects. Economic expectations from the Consumer Sentiment Survey were insignificant. In Mexico, analyses of business activity and workforce percentages showed that closed businesses had a slight negative effect on turnout, but overall, economic variables did not significantly impact participation. This study provides key insights for companies operating in South Korea and Mexico, emphasizing the importance of aligning market entry strategies with regional socioeconomic and political dynamics. Businesses targeting economically prosperous areas must address potential political disengagement and policy unpredictability, while those in regions with moderate economic activity may benefit from stronger community engagement. Additionally, firms in economically challenged areas should prioritize CSR initiatives to address inequality and foster sustainable operations.

백제 무왕대 익산의 제석사 건립

This paper examines the establishment and reconstruction of Jeseoksa Temple in Iksan during the reign of King Mu of Baekje. Regarding the sequence of construction among the Wanggung-ri site, Jeseoksa Temple, and Mireuksa Temple, it is understood that Jeseoksa was built following the initiation of the Wanggung-ri site, and subsequently, Mireuksa was established. Notably, it is suggested that King Mu’s relocation of the capital to Iksan and the construction of Jeseoksa were closely intertwined. The political forces leading this relocation from Sabi to Iksan were King Mu and the political elites from Iksan, the region of his mother’s origin. As the construction of the royal palace in Iksan commenced, Jeseoksa Temple was built shortly afterward, around the early 620s. This effort reflects King Mu’s ambition to strengthen royal authority, as evidenced by the enshrinement of Buddha relics in Jeseoksa Temple. Jeseoksa Temple in Iksan was destroyed in November 639 and later rebuilt. The background to its destruction was significantly influenced by the creation of Mireuksa Temple, which was spearheaded by King Mu and the Iksan faction. As the Iksan group sought to expand their power through Mireuksa, the political forces based in Sabi resisted these changes. Additionally, King Mu’s shifting stance, distancing himself from the Iksan faction, played a crucial role. King Mu likely perceived the Iksan faction as an obstacle to consolidating his royal authority. Consequently, he sought to strengthen his power through the Sabi faction rather than relying on the Iksan group. This change is evident in his abandonment of plans to relocate the capital to Iksan and his renewed emphasis on Sabi as the central political base. In response, the Iksan faction strongly opposed King Mu and the Sabi faction, as symbolized by the destruction of Jeseoksa Temple. However, the Iksan group’s efforts failed to bring about significant political changes. This is further demonstrated by the swift reconstruction of Jeseoksa Temple, led by King Mu and the Sabi faction. This reconstruction underscored that the Iksan faction no longer held a dominant role in the political landscape of the time. Therefore, it can be concluded that the creation of the Wanggung-ri site, the establishment and reconstruction of Jeseoksa Temple, and the construction of Mireuksa Temple were all decisively influenced by the political dynamics surrounding King Mu.

Pancasila in the Digital Era: Strengthening the Character and Political Participation of Village Communities

Indonesia needs to re-actualize the values of Pancasila, which have proven to be an effective solution in dealing with various national problems, including the issue of intolerance. As the foundation of the state, Pancasila plays an essential role in shaping the attitudes and behavior of society. However, these values are increasingly being eroded, as seen from the weakening of Pancasila's knowledge and practice in everyday life, which triggers disputes and divisions. Pancasila has gone through various political dynamics, from parliamentary democracy to the reform era, and remains relevant as an ideology that unites Indonesia's diversity. With a foundation in ethnic, religious, and cultural diversity, Pancasila reflects harmonious national wealth and is a shared cultural heritage.

Ethno-Political Dynamism and Its Role in the Development of Indonesian Islamic Banking Law

Studies on Indonesia's political conditions during the New Order until the 1990s reveal a significant shift in political dynamics, transitioning from a stance largely closed to Islamic interests to one that increasingly accommodated Islam through specific policies. This article aims to determine the influence of the ethnopolitical dynamics of Islam formed by the New Order on the development of Islamic banking law and its impact on the financial sector in Indonesia. Through a historical and contextual literature review, supplemented by interviews, it was observed that ethnopolitical dynamics significantly influenced the evolution of Indonesian banking law during and after that period. The influence of Islamic ethnopolitics, particularly in academic circles, has increasingly emerged as a dynamic force in facilitating the development of Islamic banking in Indonesia, underscoring the numerous challenges encountered in achieving market acceptance. Although its growth has not met market expectations, ethnopolitically, Islam continues to lobby for Islamic banking regulations. Furthermore, since 2019, the role of ethnopolitics has continued to realize policy and regulatory responses aimed at encouraging the growth of Islamic finance in Indonesia.

Legal Politics In Indonesia

Legal politics in Indonesia has an important role in determining the direction of the formation and implementation of regulations. Article 18 paragraph 4 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia confirms that regional heads are elected democratically, reflecting the principles of popular sovereignty in the regional government system. This research aims to analyze the dynamics of legal politics related to regional head elections, identify the challenges faced, and provide recommendations for the necessary legal political reforms. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a literature study, which includes an analysis of various legal sources, previous research, and political theories related to local democracy. The results show that although democratic local elections have been implemented, there are various challenges that hinder the effectiveness and integrity of the process. Issues such as the high cost of politics, the practice of money politics, and horizontal conflicts in the community are significant obstacles. In addition, the relationship between politics and law is often intertwined, creating uncertainty in electoral policy. In conclusion, to strengthen a transparent and accountable local government system, comprehensive reforms in local election regulations, increased monitoring of political funding, and public political education are needed. With these steps, it is expected that regional autonomy can run more effectively and in accordance with constitutional values.

The Rhetoric of Village Heads in the 2023 Village Head Elections: Shaping Public Opinion in Babakan Losari Lor through Political Communication

This study aims to analyze the local political dynamics in the village head election and to identify the rhetorical practices of the village head candidates in terms of ethos (credibility), pathos (emotional appeal), and logos (capacity and competence), which shape public opinion. A qualitative case study method was employed, involving participant observation, focus group discussions (FGD), and in-depth interviews with community members and the elected village head. Data collection included 10 informants: 9 community members and 1 village head. The results reveal that the elected village head effectively used ethos (credibility), pathos (emotion), and logos (logic) to influence voters. However, public opinion shifted after the election due to unfulfilled campaign promises, leading to dissatisfaction among some community members.

Sports and Geography: Exploring Their Mutual Influence on Geographical Dynamics

Sport and geography are intrinsically connected, influencing and shaping each other bidirectionally. Drawing on interdisciplinary perspectives, this narrative review examined how natural geographical factors —such as terrain, climate, and elevation—affect sport participation and athletic performance. It also explored the role of human-made geographical features, including sport stadiums, arenas, and facilities, in developing sport organisations and fostering community development at various scales. The review further investigated how sport, as a global industry, transforms geographical landscapes, reflecting and reinforcing political, economic, and cultural power dynamics. The analysis of major sporting events demonstrated their profound impact on host cities and regions, including urban development, infrastructure projects, and environmental changes. The paper concluded by emphasising the significance of this reciprocal relationship between sport and geography, highlighting the potential to develop sustainable programmes and policies that enhance collective well-being and encourage collaborative approaches between the two fields.