Dynamics Of Conflict Research Articles

The Transformative Role of Artificial Intelligence in Conflict Resolution and Peacekeeping

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly becoming a pivotal tool in modern conflict resolution and peacekeeping efforts. This essay examines the multifaceted impact of AI technologies within this context. It explores the ways AI-powered analytics have enhanced the early warning systems, improved data-driven decision-making processes, and provides deeper insights through advanced conflict analysis. Additionally, AI-driven simulations and predictive modeling offer the potential to forecast conflict dynamics and guide more effective peacekeeping interventions.By leveraging AI, policymakers and practitioners can develop proactive strategies for conflict prevention and resolution, leading to sustainable peace and stability worldwide. This paper underscores the transformative potential of AI in reshaping traditional approaches to conflict management, offering new avenues for promoting global peace and security.

Ideological Conflict in Rembang (Case Study: Cement Mining Conflict in Rembang)

The ongoing conflict in Watuhputih has escalated into a contentious and complex issue that continues to capture public attention. The debates have given rise to a fierce clash of ideas, concepts, and interpretations of laws, ultimately leading to numerous lawsuits. This study uses a qualitative research approach with Wehr and Bartos analysis to analyze conflict dynamics in the cement factory conflict case in Rembang, Central Java. The qualitative method used a case study. Data collection techniques used in-depth interviews with sources from 20 informants and documentation from various mass media. The results of this study indicate that conflict dynamics are divided into pre-conflict, confrontation, and crisis. This study concludes that the conflict in Rembang has turned into an ideological conflict. Each group claims that the ideology understood the most correct between environmental sustainability, traditional and modern, capitalist. A dark history of conflict and prolonged dynamics causes ideological conflicts. The record of the conflict’s journey into a social movement in Rembang is a series of conflicts between the community and small-scale mining companies previously in conflict areas from the 90th year.

An inter-ethnic interpretation of tourism conflicts and collaboration

Inter-ethnic conflicts are commonplace worldwide, but current tourism conflict theories seldom examine disputes within a host community of diverse ethnicities. Using concepts from inter-group threat theory (ITT), contact hypothesis in social psychology and power theories, a conceptual schema for comprehending the dynamics of inter-ethnic conflicts and collaboration in tourism destinations is proposed. An ethnographic case study then follows the discussion in Malaysia's Taman Negara National Park, where I make use of the conceptual schema to analyze how the three local ethnic groups (Malays, Malaysian Chinese, and Orangasli Batek) were negotiating various types of threats, as well as the ‘conditions’ leading to inter-group conflicts. Further supported by Barth's ethnic boundary theory, the evolution of ethnic boundaries and collaborative mechanisms in a three-group situation is also evaluated. The conceptual schema and findings from Malaysia have important implications for researchers and management advice for practitioners dealing with multi-ethnic host communities in destinations worldwide.

Conflict Situation and Proposals for Resolving Customary Land Conflicts in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Objective: This research aims to understand the causes of customary land tenure conflicts based on the implementation of the applicable agrarian reform legal system, identify the root of the problem, and find solutions. Theoretical Framework: In addressing customary land conflicts, we employ Paul Wehr's guidelines, as endorsed by USAID, along with the insights provided by Qin et al. (2023), including Factors of History Conflict, Conflict context, Conflict parties, Issues, Dynamics, Alternative route to solution, Conflict regulation Potential, and Map Use. The use of maps is considered the crucial first step in conflict intervention. Methods: This research method uses a qualitative approach supported by in-depth interviews with 27 informants. Key informants are selected using a purposive sampling technique. We conducted a field observation study to re-check the correct data by reducing bias during data collection and analysis. The research question is why land conflicts occur in the Besipae customary forest area, and what is the solution to the problem. Results and Conclusions: Thematic analysis of in-depth interviews yielded eight themes, including land conflict as a fundamental issue, history of conflict, causes of land conflict, land acquisition, conflict cases, the impact of land conflict, agrarian reform, and conflict solutions. Analysis of observational studies revealed three key factors: communication, dissemination, and treatment of the psychiatric impact of conflict. Communication and dissemination factors play a key role in land conflicts because conflicts occur due to most people not knowing that their land will be used for road construction, oil palm plantations, dams, railway lines, tourism areas, and others. Land acquisition should be an open process and widely announced. The government and large companies can negotiate to buy community land at market prices, and the government finds new locations for evicted communities. Given that the 2018 presidential regulations have not been well disseminated, several agencies, institutions, and community groups lack understanding of the regulations' contents. Dissemination factors play an important role in avoiding land conflicts. Meanwhile, treatment of the psychiatric impact of the conflict was added to Wehr's guidelines, given that resolving conflict is not enough just by peace, but the impact it causes is very hard on the psychology, trauma, and stress in children. Research Implications: This study presents themes that district, provincial, and national governments can utilize. The outcomes of this strategy can assist policymakers in promoting the successful resolution of land conflicts in the Besipae forest area. Originality/Value: This research begins by utilizing the map of customary land conflicts, studying conflict factors based on history, observing conflict context, conflict parties, issues, conflict dynamics, alternative routes to solution, and conflict regulation potential. Utilizing the map is considered a crucial first step in effective conflict intervention, aiming to align the perceptions of all parties involved. The findings in the study area that include communication, dissemination, and treatment of the psychiatric impact of conflict need to be added to Paul Wehl's land conflict resolution guidelines, which can be applied to developing countries.

Transition conflicts: A Gramscian political ecology perspective on the contested nature of sustainability transitions

Despite a broad consensus on sustainability, conflicts are increasingly prevalent in sustainability transitions. Although these conflicts significantly influence transition dynamics and socio-ecological futures, the role of conflicts in sustainability transitions remains insufficiently addressed. This paper aims to elucidate the contested dynamics of sustainability transitions by merging political ecology's emphasis on conflicts, nature, power, and justice with Gramscian hegemony theory. The integrated framework of Gramscian political ecology enables the analysis of transition conflicts as struggles for hegemony on the terrain of society-nature relations amid ecological crises. A brief comparative study of coal transitions in South Africa and Germany serves to illustrate the key insights that Gramscian political ecology offers into the contested nature of sustainability transitions, including conflict dynamics, power strategies, and barriers and potentials for radical transformative change.

Unveiling the climate–conflict nexus: Examining the influence of weather extremes on conflict emergence in the Philippine Bangsamoro

Extreme weather events have been closely associated with the escalation of violent conflicts. This article introduces empirical evidence that underscores the vulnerability of conflict emergence to extended deficit rainfall values within Maguindanao, a province situated in the Bangsamoro region of the southern Philippines. Using a combination of satellite data, hydrological analysis and an examination of conflict databases, our study unveils the pivotal role played by protracted droughts and intensified precipitation in fostering human insecurity, consequently elevating the likelihood of violent conflicts. Our research spotlights the climate–conflict nexus within this relatively less-explored geographical area. Our findings underscore a robust association between instances of violent conflicts, protracted deficits or episodes of intense rainfall, and the subsequent surge in food prices. Notably, disruptions in food prices align temporally with heightened participation in violent conflicts by individuals. In essence, the emergence of violent conflicts exacerbates fragility, thereby engendering a vicious cycle that intertwines climate change, conflict dynamics and the pursuit of peace.

Jejak Kiprah MONUSCO dalam Merajut Perdamaian di Republik Demokratik Kongo (2020-2021)

Civil war that occurred in RD Congo causes the dynamics of conflict in various sectors. This causes human rights violations, the death of civil society, infrastructure damage and government failure in running its function. Responding this situation, UN as an international organization has responsibility to protect conflicting countries. The UN Security Council took step to send Monusco security forces to RD Congo with the aim of running security and peace mission. Monusco did his mission with the peacekeeping and peacebuilding concept approach that introduced by Johan Galtung is supposed to protect civil society. This paper uses a qualitative type with descriptive method to explain Monusco's performance during RD Congo by 2020 to 2021. The Monusco's attempt is assisted with collaboration with organizations and other security communities. The military forces efforts in handling rebel groups strongly support the process of protection and evacuation of civil society. Although it suffered enough failures due to unpredictable but the Monusco security forces were able to run many security missions for civil society.

Dynamics of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Analysis of Indonesia's Political Attitudes and International Legal Responses

This study analyzes the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and Indonesia's response to the conflict. In the context of this global conflict, constructivism theory reveals the important role of social norms in shaping foreign policy. Indonesia's foreign policy stance, which prioritizes the principles of freedom of activity and non-interference, is in the spotlight in dealing with this conflict. In addition, aspects of international law are also analyzed, highlighting Russia's violations of international legal norms. Indonesia's response reflects diplomacy and a neutral stance in an effort to stop the use of military force. This study identifies lessons that Indonesia can draw from this conflict to strengthen its role as an active player in maintaining international peace and security.

How Does the “Us” versus “Them” Polarization Work? Capturing Political Antagonism with the Political Antagonism Scale

This article introduces and validates a Political Antagonism Scale (PAS) aimed at capturing politically motivated antagonism among people in survey research. Recent trends indicate a rise in politically motivated polarization across various countries. This polarization often transcends mere ideological distance, fostering an identity-based “Us” versus “Them” political perspective. Consequently, this transforms the traditional agonistic political competition into a deeply adversarial antagonistic relationship, wherein political counterparts are viewed as enemies. Such conflict dynamics may have serious consequences for democratic politics and should be examined by scholars of political polarization across different political contexts and at different time points. However, a comprehensive survey tool addressing this form of polarization has been lacking. The PAS is designed to capture the complex nature of political antagonism and target individual antagonization towards their political outgroups on the level of social groups, political elites, the media, and everyday life. In addition, we present a regression model identifying potential sources of political antagonism. Our findings highlight the significant association between political antagonization and a prevailing sense of ontological insecurity.

Managing Cultural Diversity and Conflict in Family Businesses: An Organizational Perspective

This study aims to investigate the occurrence of conflicts in family businesses, particularly focusing on their impact on founder behavior and organizational culture. Conducted in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the research employs a qualitative methodology to gain an in-depth understanding of conflicts within family businesses. The study utilizes semi-structured interviews as the primary data collection tool, engaging with 5 founders and 12 successors across various family owned businesses. The sample, comprising 17 participants, offers diverse perspectives on conflict dynamics between founders and successors. The interviews, designed to explore recurring key themes, delve into the nature and characteristics of task and process-based disagreements within these family enterprises. Key findings from this study include the observation that task or process-based disagreements, commonly arising between family members, can act as catalysts for founders to re-evaluate their behavior, potentially influencing the shaping of the organizational culture. The research highlights the importance of fostering a culture of open communication, critical thinking, and respect within family firms. Such a culture can play a significant role in reducing relationship conflicts and aid in reaching constructive resolutions. Additionally, the study reveals that the features of organizational culture within family businesses can be instrumental in managing conflicts effectively. This research underscores the complexity of family relationships in business settings and emphasizes the necessity of examining these dynamics from multiple angles. Given the prevalence of family members in key positions within family firms, the study sheds light on the importance of addressing diversity and conflict among family members, considering their long-term implications on the culture and future of these firms.

Travelling Barricades: Transnational Networks, Diffusion and the Dynamics of 1980s Squatter Conflicts in Western Europe

This paper reconstructs and compares four squatter conflicts in Amsterdam, Nijmegen, Copenhagen and Hamburg during the 1980s in which squatters defended themselves from eviction from occupied houses by barricading entire streets. Remarkable similarities can be observed in how these conflicts developed. Was this the result of international contacts between the squatters, of similarities between the cities, or did the construction of barricades set in motion more general dynamics that influenced protest dynamics? This paper warns against overestimating the influence of transnational activist networks. Although the conflicts unfolded in similar ways while squatters fostered international contacts, the latter alone do not suffice to explain the former. Instead, this paper highlights the ‘social function’ of the barricade and the inherent conflict dynamics that barricade building set in motion.

EU Policy towards Ethiopia amidst the Tigray War: The Limits of Mitigating Fragmentation

ABSTRACT The Tigray war illustrates how the European Union (EU) often fails to act effectively and consistently in a highly fragmented context. During the 2020-22 conflict, the EU failed to address a number of challenges emanating from the internal fragmentation of Ethiopia. These pertained to the EU’s lack of contextual knowledge about local conflict dynamics and actors and, relatedly, the legacy of its relations with Tigray’s leadership; the inconsistent approach of EU institutions and member states that initially led to an normative outlook, which later evolved into a more balanced and pragmatic one when it was arguably too late; and the inability to mitigate competition with other external powers who backed the Ethiopian federal government. As a result, the EU adopted an inconsistent and ineffective approach toward the conflict.

Corporate governance and board conflict solution: The case of Lebanese family healthcare businesses

This study examines the intricate relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and the performance of family-owned hospitals in Lebanon. Specifically, it examined the impact of various governance factors, including board size, independence, duality, meeting frequency, and ownership structure, on the financial performance of these hospitals. By employing agency theory as the conceptual framework and qualitative methodology, which involves interviews with managers from three distinct hospitals in Lebanon, this study sheds light on the dynamics of conflicts between shareholders and managers within the context of family-owned hospitals. This study also explores how corporate governance mechanisms can effectively mitigate these conflicts and enhance shareholder value. The significance of this study lies in its contribution to the understanding of corporate governance practices within the Lebanese healthcare sector, offering valuable insights that extend to developing countries across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. These findings suggest that fostering a more autonomous board structure can play a pivotal role in controlling top management and aligning the interests of shareholders and managers within the Lebanese healthcare landscape. Through a nuanced exploration of governance dynamics and their implications for financial performance, this study underscores the importance of robust governance frameworks for ensuring the sustainable success of family-owned hospitals. Ultimately, by elucidating the mechanisms by which governance practices influence organizational outcomes, this study offers practical implications for healthcare practitioners, policymakers, and stakeholders seeking to enhance governance effectiveness and performance in similar contexts.

Conflict Dynamics and Obstacles to Peace in the Lake Chad Basin: Analysis and Perspectives for a Positive Dynamic of Peace.

Conflict Dynamics and Obstacles to Peace in the Lake Chad Basin: Analysis and Perspectives for a Positive Dynamic of Peace.

Religion and Policy of Catholic Prohibition under the Nguyen Dynasty: Analysis of Ritualistic Considerations

This article examines the religious landscape of the Nguyen Dynasty, focusing on the significance of Confucianism and conflicts with Catholicism. The analysis draws from a range of sources, including edicts, historical chronicles, reports, treaties, and studies by Vietnamese and foreign scholars. The period studied spans from the Nguyen Dynasty’s establishment under Gia Long to its surrender to French colonialism in 1884. Central to this examination is the scrutiny of the religious panorama prevalent during the Nguyen Dynasty. It disentangles the disparities between Catholicism and Confucianism, laying bare their fundamental divergences in beliefs and practices. It chronicles Gia Long's confrontational stance towards Catholicism, unraveling the subsequent religious discord it engendered. Moreover, the research delves into Minh Mang's policy of religious prohibition, unveiling the ritualistic conundrums that ensued due to the prohibitive edicts issued by Thieu Tri and Tu Duc. The study concludes that the Nguyen Dynasty’s prohibition policy on Catholicism had significant consequences for the Vietnamese society in the 19th century. The policy exacerbated the differences between Catholics and non-Catholics due to conflicts between traditional Vietnamese culture and Catholicism's divergent views on rituals, customs, and social values. Ultimately, the prohibition policy not only failed to curb the spread of Catholicism but also provided a pretext for French colonialists to invade Vietnam, leading to its gradual transformation into a French colony, and their goal of evangelization in the region. Overall, the research highlights the impact of religion on political power and the dynamics of cultural conflict in Vietnam during the Nguyen Dynasty.

China's position on the South China Sea issue: from maintaining stability to protecting rights

The article is devoted to the study of the dynamics of the position of the Chinese leadership on the issue of ownership of the water area and marine facilities in the South China Sea. The purpose of the proposed study is to determine the specifics of China's position on the key issue of regional security in Southeast Asia. The objectives of this work are to consider the historical and economic prerequisites affecting the policy of the People's Republic of China in the South China Sea; to study the dynamics of China's diplomatic conflict with regional countries over sovereignty over the waters in the South China Sea, as well as to interpret China's approaches to solving this issue. The author considers the approach of Chinese diplomacy as a derivative of increasing China's role in global governance, which entails changes in both the regional subsystem and the global system of international relations. The study uses historical-comparative, historical-typological and problem-chronological methods, which allowed the author to study the PRC's approach to protecting its national interests in the South China Sea with a special focus on innovations introduced into China's approach due to the increasing complexity of systemic challenges for China. The relevance of this study is related to a change in the tactics of Chinese diplomacy towards more focused and tougher rhetoric, emphasizing intransigence with baseless attacks by Western countries and manipulations with the vulnerability of indigenous Chinese interests. The researcher concludes that the main task of the PRC today is to assert its influence in the South China Sea through close cooperation with ASEAN countries and strengthening regional cooperation in the South China Sea region. In view of the US desire to curb China's growth and prevent it from gaining a foothold in the Pacific and Indian Oceans, Beijing adheres to the tactics of negotiating a comprehensive Code of Conduct in the South China Sea with simultaneous unilateral economic development of the islands and waters of the South China Sea. This approach will lead to the creation of a stable and mutually beneficial regional order in East Asia.

Splitanje globalne sistemske promene diplomatskom moći - koraci Evopske unije

This research seeks to provide a viable understanding of the main specificities of incongruences of reality with the theoretical assumptions on the working of the international by developing the concept of diplomatic power. The relational theoretical perspective on diplomacy as the peaceful search for the consent on just and commonised sharing of life, time, and planet affords the conceptualisation of diplomatic power as the non-episodic offering to others what they need, when, how, and for as long as they need it free from conditions and expectations of returns. The inquiry focuses on how diplomatic power is weaving out of several relational threads of relationships, the one of mutuality transcending the hegemonic "complex interdependence". In this futuring process, the unfolding of diplomacy transforms the global relations system, prefigurating its emergent participatory democratic structures. The People's Republic of China mobilised offerings to others of what they need conditionality free or nonrewarding for their conduct favourable to its interests have been the challenge to the European Union and the United States of America. Comparing their efforts, backed by the Group of 7, to counter China's diplomatic power has proved impotent even when they combined their diplomatic power. Yet, the enlarged supply of options empowers long-marginalized states. The conflictual dynamics driven by the European Union and the United States of America competing with the People's Republic of China is undermining the possibility of mutuality as a new relational pattern to order the world safe for just humanity on a secure planet.

Community Preference for Children's Education

In Myanmar, a pressing concern exists regarding the community's preferences and attitudes towards children's education. Despite the country's commitment to improving its education system, a lack of comprehensive understanding of community preferences for children's learning spaces poses a significant obstacle. The community's preferences regarding children's education in Myanmar are very important within the ever-changing educational environment. This study examines community preferences for their children's learning spaces during crises. The study utilizes a qualitative methodology. The results indicate that primary school-age children have the highest attendance rates in community-run educational spaces, whereas formal schools rank second in attendance. Nevertheless, the persistent civil fighting has diminished confidence in conventional educational institutions due to regular aerial bombardments. Temporary learning spaces, educational spaces affiliated with churches or faith-based organizations, and tuition centers have important roles, each with unique attendance patterns. Responses to ethnic, monastic, and vocational education spaces are scarce, suggesting a restricted supply. The study underscores the disparity between educational facilities managed by the local community in villages and those in refugee camps, underscoring the significance of the surrounding circumstances for evaluating access to education. Despite their obstacles, community learning spaces are essential in both stable and critical contexts. The research offers useful insights into how conflict dynamics affect educational decisions in the community and lays the groundwork for intervention efforts to improve education in various community settings.

Manajemen Konflik Bagi Gereja Masa Kini Menurut Kisah Para Rasul 6:1-7

Conflict is a reality that occurs in God's church. Conflict can cause division if not handled seriously and correctly, but conflict can also be a means of growth and maturation in the church as the body of Christ. Therefore, to overcome conflict in today's church, conflict management skills are needed. This article will discuss the dynamics of conflict that occurred in Acts 6: 1-7 and examine the conflict management patterns carried out by the Apostles. The method used in this article is a qualitative method with an interpretative approach (interpretative design) to the biblical text in the context of conflict management. In conducting the analysis, the author will highlight the text in the frame of conflict management thinking and find that there was indeed a conflict between the Greek-speaking Jews and the Hebrews regarding the distribution to their widows in daily service. The finding in this article is that the Apostles applied a conflict management pattern by listening to the grievances that arose due to conflict, conducting self-efficiency, and conducting mediation and delegation as conflict resolution.

The Role of the Natuna Fishermen Alliance in Facing Conflict

This research examines the dynamics of conflict between Natuna fishermen, who use traditional fishing gear, and non-local fishermen who tend to use modern fishing equipment in the seas of Natuna. Natuna fishermen often face violations of their fishing grounds by non-local fishermen, leading to tensions in the area. This conflict is also influenced by economic competition, regulatory ambiguity in the fishing industry, and uncertainty regarding fishing territory boundaries. The Natuna Fishermen Alliance (ANNA) plays a crucial role in mediating this conflict through communication, dialogue, and coordination with the government. The research methodology employed is a descriptive qualitative approach.The results of this study indicate social and educational changes that emphasize the importance of sustainable fisheries resource management. Stricter regulations in fisheries management in the region are a key factor in resolving this conflict. Although conflicts still occur, solidarity among fishermen and efforts to find solutions continue to be the primary focus in creating a more harmonious environment in the seas of Natuna.