Influence Of Dynamics Research Articles

Light and Light Signals Regulate Growth and Development in Woody Plants

This review synthesizes the current understanding on the dynamic influence of light on the developmental morphology of woody plants. It explores the regulatory effects of photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis in response to varying light conditions including intensity, quality, and photoperiodicity, and their subsequent impact on plant growth and architecture. Additionally, this review elucidates the role of the circadian system in synchronizing internal rhythms with external light cycles, a process mediated by photoreceptors such as PHYTOCHROME A (PHYA) and PHYTOCHROME B (PHYB), which are pivotal for seasonal growth and dormancy in species like poplar. The molecular perspective is provided on the light-regulated transcription of genes, along with their influence on the plant’s growth cycles and seasonal adaptions. Furthermore, the interactive role of plant hormones, including auxin, ethylene, and abscisic acid (ABA), is explored in the context of light signal transduction and its subsequent effect on plant physiology. By providing a comprehensive view of the light-dependent mechanisms that govern woody plant growth, this review contributes to our understanding of plant adaptation strategies and informs approaches to enhance forestry production and biodiversity conservation in the face of climate change.

A short-term price prediction-based trading strategy.

Quantitative investment theory has emerged as a prominent and widely researched domain within the financial markets, where investors predominantly focus on discerning the intricate influences of market dynamics. In this paper, we proposed a short-term prediction-based trading strategy, which can equiponderate between return and risk, considerations while accounting for investor risk preferences. This strategy employs GM(1,1) to capture nuanced features of price dynamics in short-term intervals and update the GM(1,1) model with the latest data. Subsequently, a multi-objective planning equation is formulated to optimize asset allocations by determining the optimal holding that strikes between specific returns and risk mitigation. In the end, this work conducts a case study and sensitivity analysis using five years of gold and bitcoin price data spanning from 2016 to 2021. This empirical examination serves to affirm the efficacy and resilience of the proposed trading strategy. The case study reveals that proficient short-term price forecasting serves as a potent means to proactively mitigate risk, facilitating, judicious and objective trading practices. Moreover, it underscores the strategy's tangible utility as a guide for real-world investment decisions.

Mitochondrial dynamics and the significance of its disturbances in the development of childhood diseases. Part I. Physiological and neurological aspects

In recent years, the dynamics of mitochondrial transformations in cells have been of more concern to both representatives of basic science and researchers in the field of applied medicine. A growing number of observations demonstrate the important regulatory influence of mitochondrial dynamics on a variety of physiological and pathological processes in many, if not all, organ and tissue structures. The prospects for studying the features and regulators of these processes for understanding the pathogenesis of diseases, developing their new biomarkers, as well as treatment technologies seem increasingly significant. The purpose of this article is to review the facts obtained regarding mitochondrial dynamics, which, from the authors’ point of view, deserve the attention of pediatricians. The volume of relevant information turned out to be too extensive to fit into one article, which forced it to be divided into several successive publications. The first part provides information about the main processes included in the concept of “mitochondrial dynamics,” the importance of maintaining the balance of the latter for ontogenesis and tissue homeostasis, as well as data on its disturbances in diseases of the nervous system in children.

Dynamical influence of a central massive object on double-barred galaxies: self-destruction mechanism of secondary bars

Abstract Double-barred galaxies exhibit sub-kiloparsec secondary stellar bars that are crucial for channeling gases towards a central massive object (CMO) such as a supermassive black hole or a nuclear star cluster. Recent N-body simulations have uncovered a novel galaxy evolution scenario wherein the mass of the CMO increases owing to the secondary bar, resulting in the eventual destruction of the latter. Consequently, the CMO mass growth halts, thus suggesting a maximum CMO mass of ≈10−3 of the stellar mass of the galaxy. This study focuses on backbone orbit families, particularly double-frequency orbits, within double-barred galaxies. Consequently, the dynamic influence of a CMO on these orbits is investigated. The results of the study reveal the emergence of a new orbital resonance within the central region of the galaxy upon the introduction of a CMO. Orbits subjected to this resonance become chaotic and fail to support the secondary bar, ultimately resulting in the destruction of the entire structure. This is partly because of the inability of the secondary bar to obtain support from the newly generated orbit families following the appearance of resonance. Through the estimation of the condition of secondary bar destruction in realistic double-bar galaxies with varying pattern speeds, the results of the study establish that such destruction occurred when the CMO mass reached ≈10−3 of the galaxy mass. Furthermore, a physical explanation of the galaxy evolution scenario is provided, thereby elucidating the interaction between the CMO and the secondary bar. The understanding of the co-evolution of the secondary bar and the CMO, based on stellar orbital motion, is a crucial step towards future observational studies of stars within the bulge of the Milky Way.

A decentralized approach for the aerial manipulator robust trajectory tracking.

This paper introduces a new decentralized control strategy for an unmanned aerial manipulator (UAM) constrained to the vertical plane. The control strategy comprises two loops: the first compensates for the aerial vehicle's impact on the manipulator; and the second one implements independent controllers for the aerial vehicle and the manipulator. The controller for the aerial vehicle includes an estimator to compensate for the dynamic influence of the manipulator, even if it is affected by external wind-gust disturbances. The manipulator has two revolute joints; however, it is modeled as an dynamically equivalent manipulator, with one revolute and one prismatic joint. The proposed control strategy's performance is evaluated using a simulator that includes the vehicle's aerodynamics and the manipulator's contact force and moment.

Shift-Share Method in Assessing the Interrelation of Employment Dynamics in Cities and Regions

Purpose of the study. The aim of the study is to analyze the dynamics of employment in major cities of the Russian Federation, including megacities, in the context of rapid innovative development, complex demographic situation, and instability of external migration flows. The research focuses on identifying factors at various levels that affect employment, with an emphasis on the interconnections of cities and regions in the hierarchical “city-region” system. Materials and methods. The paper explores the shift-share method (SSM), which allows decomposing changes in employment with highlighting the influence of the overall dynamics of the regional labor market, industry characteristics, and competitive factors of cities. A multilevel analysis using this method aims to assess the structural-dynamic links of the hierarchically interconnected “city-region” system. The research uses municipal statistics data from 81 cities of the Russian Federation for the period from 2017 to 2021. Based on the concept of sectoral division of the economy, taking into account the functional features of the included industries, the structural-dynamic employment indexes in cities were analyzed across four economic sectors. Results. The application of the SSM method yielded results that allow for a detailed examination of employment dynamics in major cities. The analysis includes the influence of the overall dynamics of the regional labor market, industry characteristics, and competitive factors of cities. The research validates the effectiveness of the shift-share method for the preliminary analysis of employment dynamics in cities with the aim of specifying the significance of the impact on it by industrial and sectoral factors at regional and local levels and their prioritization for further analysis and the development of recommendations for urban economic management. Conclusion. The study highlights the importance of analyzing employment in the context of the urban economy, especially under conditions of rapid innovative development and demographic challenges. The SSM method appears to be an effective tool for preliminary examination of employment dynamics, identifying key factors, and developing management strategies aimed at improving the economic development of Russia’s major cities.

Experimental and numerical approach to assess the dynamic performance of an inductive ignition system

This paper envisages studying the features of a conventional inductive ignition system along with its MOSFET and IGBT-based transistorized modifications. The influence of mechanical contact breaker dynamics and ignition coil characteristics on the current and voltage waveforms of the primary and secondary circuits of these studied ignition systems are mathematically and experimentally exposed. The investigation is considered necessary prior to attempting subsequent modeling and diagnostics procedures on the current-voltage performance characteristics of conventional and transistorized ignition systems. The work has demanded the development of an experimental setup based on a basic modifiable ignition system mockup and an instrumentation system to measure and analyze the voltage-current parameters of inductive ignition systems. The paper describes the design details of such instrumentation system, presents mechanical and electrical models for contact breaker and ignition circuits, then simulated to obtain base free-run response waveforms and electrical continuity behavior of the contact. A test of frequency response of the ignition coil provided additional input to the model. An experimental test of continuity of the contact, in agreement with its model, shed light on the actual excitation of the primary coil. The work comments on a sample of the registered current and voltage waveforms in primary and secondary coil windings of the ignition system at atmospheric conditions. Comparisons of waveforms and energy for mechanical contact, MOSFET and IGBT switches are made to establish them as a reference for future tests.

Difference of carrier dynamics in a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror with and without B+ ion-implantation.

Three samples whose growth temperatures were 450°C, 500°C, and 560°C for S E S A M 1, S E S A M 2, and S E S A M 3, respectively, were tested by femto-second time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy. The results indicate that the carrier dynamics of excited state absorption were dominant, and the lifetimes of carriers trapped by defect levels were about tens of pico-seconds. To further study the influence of carrier dynamics and recovery time of samples by ion-implantation, B + ions of 80 and 130 KeV were implanted into the samples with dose of 1014/c m 2. The modified samples showed a dominance of ultra-fast carrier dynamics of ground-state bleaching and direct recombination, which lasted for hundreds of femto-seconds, over excited state absorption. Additionally, carrier fast trapping was observed to be competitive with the excited state absorption process. After ion-implantation, the carrier dynamics of carrier trapping were enhanced, which contributed to forming an ultra-short laser, while the carrier dynamics of absorption of the excited state were suppressed. The conclusion that defect levels were partially eliminated by B + ion-implantation can be drawn.

Emergent dynamics in fractional-order Wilson–Cowan neural network systems

The firing dynamics of excitable systems are critical to understand organized responses in cortical networks. In this paper, we examine a fractional-order Wilson–Cowan (W–C) neural network model composed of excitatory and inhibitory neuron populations, utilizing Caputo’s fractional-order derivative formalism to explore the influence of fractional-order dynamics on firing behavior. The significance of extending to the fractional-order domain lies in the model’s theoretical framework, which inherently retains memory and hereditary characteristics. We investigate memory-dependent response functions and average neuronal characteristics, enabling us to formulate a fractional-order model that incorporates past dynamics into the neuronal populations’ features. This generalized model is capable of producing alternations between spiking and bursting phenomena, including mixed-mode oscillations (MMOs). Using stability and bifurcation analyses, we delineate the parameter space within which variations in firing patterns emerge. One notable impact of the model’s memory property is the potential stabilization of neuronal activity. We demonstrate that our numerical findings are in alignment with the analytical predictions and that the memory trace depends on the fractional-order dynamics.

Influence of Power Dynamics and Organizational Justice on Conflict Outcomes and Satisfaction in India

Purpose: To aim of the study was to analyze influence of power dynamics and organizational justice on conflict outcomes and satisfaction
 Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
 Findings: Research shows power dynamics and organizational justice significantly impact conflict outcomes and satisfaction. Power imbalances exacerbate conflicts, leading to dissatisfaction. Unequal power distribution can escalate conflicts due to perceived unfairness. Conversely, organizational justice fosters positive outcomes and higher satisfaction levels. Fostering equitable power dynamics and promoting justice mitigate conflict and enhance satisfaction.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social exchange theory, Equity theory & Organizational justice theory may be used to anchor future studies on influence of power dynamics and organizational justice on conflict outcomes and satisfaction. Organizations should prioritize efforts to promote transparent decision-making processes and equitable power distribution to mitigate conflicts and enhance employee satisfaction. Policymakers should advocate for legislation and regulations that promote fairness and equality in organizational practices, including policies related to anti-discrimination, diversity, and inclusion.

A WeChat-based nursing intervention program improves the postoperative rehabilitation of breast cancer patients: results from a randomized controlled trial.

In postoperative setting, breast cancer (BC) patients can experience adverse effects, including fatigue, sleep disorders, and pain, which substantially affect their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study sought to assess the effectiveness of a WeChat-based multimodal nursing program (WCBMNP) that was specifically designed for the rehabilitation of women following BC surgery. BC patients were randomly, single-blinded allocated to either the intervention (n=62) or control (n=63) cohorts. Over a period of 6 months (24 weeks), the intervention cohort received a WCBMNP in addition to routine nursing care, while the control cohort received routine nursing care only. To evaluate patients' fear of cancer recurrence (FCR), their overall fear score was assessed using the Japanese version of the Concerns About Recurrence Scale (CARS-J) for primary outcome. The initial outcome (HRQoL) and secondary results, such as fatigue, sleep, and pain, were examined using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B, version 4.0) and Nursing Rating Scale (NRS), respectively. Two hundred and ten participants, 85 participants were excluded. Compared to the controls (n=63), the intervention cohort (n=62) showed statistically significant improvements in their CARS-J scores. The intervention cohort aggregate scores on the FACT-B improved significantly but were affected by the compounding influences of cohort dynamics, temporal progression, and their interaction. Similar improvements were observed in the social/family and functional well-being domains. Emotional well-being was improved based on the effects of time and group-time interaction. In the intervention cohort, the "BC-specific subscale for additional concerns" was affected by group and time, whereas physical well-being was only affected by time. Conversely, there were no statistically significant changes in the variables of fatigue, sleep, and pain. The WCBMNP reduced FCR and significantly increased the HRQoL of female patients with BC postoperatively. The WCBMNP could be implemented as a postoperative rehabilitation intervention in this patient population to improve outcomes. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400081557).

Aesthetic and Thermal Suitability of Highly Glazed Spaces with Interior Roller Blinds in Najran University Buildings, Saudi Arabia

Highly glazed spaces are visually appealing and trendy, but effectively managing their temperature in hot arid climates remains a significant challenge. This study evaluates the effectiveness of dark-tinted double low-E glass with internal roller blinds in reducing heat gain in glazed spaces in hot arid climates and investigates architects’ perspectives on these facades. It combines field measurements and a survey to assess the balance between thermal control and aesthetics in such environments. This study reveals that the current glazing significantly attenuates solar radiation ingress, evidenced by a marked indoor-–outdoor temperature differential (ΔT) of approximately 9.2 °C. The mean radiant temperature registers at 1.5 °C above the indoor air temperature, which can be attributed to the glazing’s propensity to absorb and retain solar heat, resulting in an inner glass surface temperature of 43 °C. The implementation of adjustable blinds has a dynamic influence on the heat transfer coefficient (HTC), effectively modulating the temperature by impeding natural convection currents. With the blinds retracted, the HTC stands at an average of 7.1 W/m2K, which diminishes to 5 W/m2K when the blinds are 50% closed and further reduces to 4.2 W/m2K when the blinds are fully closed (100%). Survey results suggest that architects prioritise glazed facades for aesthetics (52%) while facing challenges in thermal and energy efficiency (44%). Future studies should concentrate on developing novel glazing systems that integrate solutions for visual appeal, lighting and thermal efficiency in glazed facades, particularly in hot arid climates.

Experiences of post‐divorce parentification and parental affection: Implications for emerging adults' well‐being

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe present study examined how emerging adults' perceived parentification and parental affection toward themselves and their sibling after parental divorce are associated with mental health so that researchers and practitioners can better understand the influence of sibling dynamics in this process.BackgroundAlthough parentification may be prevalent within the context of parental divorce, little is known about how perceived sibling parentification and parental affection (i.e., individual and sibling) are related to individuals' reports of mental health for those who have experienced parental divorce.MethodThe sample consisted of 106 emerging adults with a living biological sibling and parents who divorced. Hierarchical regressions were used to investigate associations among levels (i.e., individual and sibling) and differences (i.e., individual versus sibling) in self‐perceived post‐divorce parentification and parental affection and outcomes (i.e., current symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress).ResultsHigher reports of self‐perceived parentification were significantly related to higher reports of participants' depressive and stress symptomology. Greater self‐perceived parental affection for siblings had a significant positive relationship with the aforementioned outcomes.ImplicationsImportant implications on the potentially long‐lasting effects of perceived parental treatment are included for divorce education facilitators and family therapists working with divorcing parents.

Simplified method to detect resonance effects in railway bridges. Viaduct over Aragón River and Almonte bridge application

Detecting resonant effects in bridges has been studied for many years, but it has only been solved in a closed form for simple bridges. This article presents a simplified method that enables the calculation of resonance velocities in all types of bridges in an easy manner. The method is based on the concept of dynamic influence line and is validated through finite element models. These models range from simply supported bridges to complex real bridges such as the Almonte Viaduct, the world’s longest arch bridge of its typology. In the real bridge models, a dynamic analysis is performed according to the Eurocode to identify train velocities that induce resonant effects, and these velocities are checked against the simplified method with very good results.

Influences of sources and weather dynamics on atmospheric deposition of Se species and other trace elements

Abstract. Atmospheric deposition is an important source of the micronutrient selenium for terrestrial ecosystems and food chains. However, the factors determining the total concentrations and chemical forms (speciation) of selenium in atmospheric deposition remain poorly understood. Here, aerosol samples were collected weekly over 5 years at Pic du Midi Observatory (French Pyrenees), alongside highly temporally resolved samples of aerosols, precipitation, and cloud water taken during a 2-month campaign. Firstly, measurements of selenium, other elements, and water isotopes were combined with sophisticated modelling approaches (aerosol–chemistry–climate SOCOL-AERv2 model and air parcel backward trajectories and Lagrangian moisture source analyses). Aerosol selenium measurements agreed well with SOCOL-AERv2-predicted values, and interestingly, higher fluxes of selenium and other elements were associated with deep convective activity during thunderstorms, highlighting the importance of local cloud dynamics in high deposition fluxes. Our results further indicate the coupling of element and water cycles from source to cloud formation, with decoupling during precipitation due to below-cloud scavenging. Secondly, selenium speciation was investigated in relation to sulfur speciation, organic composition, and moisture sources. While in the 5-year aerosol series, selenite (SeIV) was linked to anthropogenic source factors, in wet deposition it was related to pH and Atlantic moisture sources. We also report an organic selenium fraction, tracing it back to a marine biogenic source in both aerosols and wet deposition. With a comprehensive set of observations and model diagnostics, our study underscores the role of weather system dynamics alongside source contributions in explaining the atmospheric supply of trace elements to surface environments.

Species Composition and Conservation Status of Ornamental Fishes in Khambrenga Wetland, Kamrup District, Assam, India

Ornamental fish culture, also known as aquariculture, is a significant industry globally, contributing to foreign exchange earnings and employment generation. India, particularly the northeastern region, is endowed with diverse indigenous ornamental fish species. However, the ornamental fish trade in India remains relatively underdeveloped. This study aimed to document the ornamental fish diversity in Khambrenga Beel, a freshwater wetland located near Guwahati City, Assam, India.
 From December 2022 to April 2023, fish samples were collected and photographed in the study area. Local knowledge and identification literature were utilized to identify the fish species, while the IUCN Red List was referenced to determine their conservation status. A total of 48 species belonging to 30 genera, 20 families, and 10 orders of ornamental fishes were recorded in Khambrenga Beel. The Cypriniformes and Perciformes orders were the most diverse, comprising 16 species each.
 The majority of the recorded species were categorized as least concern (LRlc), indicating a relatively stable conservation status. However, three species were categorized as near threatened (NT), one species as vulnerable (VU), and one species as endangered (EN). The abundance of ornamental fishes varied across different sampling sites and seasons, reflecting the influence of habitat heterogeneity and seasonal dynamics.
 The findings highlight the importance of conserving Khambrenga Beel's unique ecosystem and its diverse ornamental fish species. Conservation measures such as habitat protection and sustainable fishing practices are crucial for ensuring the long-term survival of these species. This study provides valuable information for the development of conservation strategies to protect the ornamental fish populations in Khambrenga Beel, thereby contributing to the overall conservation of indigenous ornamental fishes in India.

From dissent to cohesion: Immigration policy shift and intra-party dynamics in the Danish Social Democratic Party

The high saliency of immigration presented social democratic parties with a strategic quandary on reconciling different values and expectations. Danish Social Democratic Party (S) stood out as it shifted to restrictive policies while achieving intra-party cohesion and avoiding major internal strifes. This article investigates the factors behind S’ immigration shift and intra-party cohesion, focusing on a timeframe between 2005 and 2019 by combining an analysis of S’ immigration policies with insights from 12 interviews with party elites. Comparing varying strategies, ideological inclinations, and support, I explore the intra-party actors’ perceptions, constraining and permissive influences of intra-party dynamics, development and reconstruction of new ideological frameworks and factional alignment. Findings highlight the importance of intra-party dynamics on shifting policies in immigration for social democratic parties, providing further insights on how the S party elite navigated the policy shift while ensuring intra-party cohesion from electoral, ideological and organisational perspectives.

Judicial hierarchy and discursive influence.

We apply a dynamic influence model to the opinions of the US federal courts to examine the role of the US Supreme Court in influencing the direction of legal discourse in the federal courts. We propose two mechanisms for how the Court affects innovation in legal language: a selection mechanism where the Court's influence primarily derives from its discretionary jurisdiction, and an authorship mechanism in which the Court's influence derives directly from its own innovations. To test these alternative hypotheses, we develop a novel influence measure based on a dynamic topic model that separates the Court's own language innovations from those of the lower courts. Applying this measure to the US federal courts, we find that the Supreme Court primarily exercises influence through the selection mechanism, with modest additional influence attributable to the authorship mechanism. This article is part of the theme issue 'A complexity science approach to law and governance'.

Improvement of evapotranspiration simulation study in the Hailar River basin under the influence of vegetation dynamics

In arid and semi-arid areas with <400 mm of precipitation, evapotranspiration (ET) accounts for about 80% of precipitation and is the main water consumer in the watershed. However, vegetation greening in recent years will increase ET and exacerbate the aridity of the area by affecting soil moisture in the root system. Vegetation changes are regional and spatially heterogeneous, therefore, in order to characterize ET changes under vegetation dynamics, it is necessary to expand the spatial scale of ET simulation. However, widely used evapotranspiration simulation models, such as the Shuttleworth-Wallace model (SW model), are deficient in reflecting the direct and indirect effects of vertical (i.e., soil depths) and horizontal (i.e., vegetation dynamics) directions. Based on field sampling and constructed structural equation model (SEM), we found that vegetation dynamics affect evapotranspiration not only directly, but also indirectly by affecting soil moisture at different depths. On this basis, we defined the weighting coefficients of 0.85 and 0.15 for grassland vegetation zones, 0.3, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.10 for forest-grass interspersed zones, and 0.20, 0.55, 0.25 for forested zones, respectively, based on the SEM results. Different soil moisture weighting coefficients were defined within different vegetation type zones and the improved SW model is called S-W-α. Comparing the simulation results with the measured data, S-W-α improved the ET simulation accuracy in this region by 33.92% and the improved ET spatial trend can respond to the dynamic changes of vegetation. Replacing the ET module in the Block-wise use of TOPMODEL and Muskingum-Cunge method mode (BTOP model) with the modified S-W-α, the results show that the simulation accuracy of the improved model is increased by 25%, and the Nash is higher than 75% for both the rate period and the validation period, which realizes the extension of the model from the point scale to the basin scale. The modified model may provide technical support for simulation of evapotranspiration and management of ecosystem health in ecologically fragile areas.

Anharmonic lattice dynamics dominated ion diffusion in γ-Li3PO4

Understanding the influences of lattice dynamics on ionic transport holds the potential to shed light on advanced strategies for designing ionic conductors. However, their utilization remains infrequent due to a limited grasp of anharmonic lattice dynamics within ionic conductors. Herein, we focused on the anharmonic lattice dynamics of γ-Li3PO4, a prototype material for lithium superionic conductor, by combining x-ray diffraction, in situ Raman spectra and first principles calculation. We found that the diffusion process of Li-ion is primarily determined by two Raman modes, with one responsible for the activity of Li-ion and the other dominating the diffusion process. The two Raman modes all show strong anharmonicity and decay into three acoustical phonon modes even in low-temperature region. Our findings indicate that the diffusivity in ionic conductors can be increased by phonon engineering through driving the specific phonons without necessarily changing the compound chemistry.