Dynamic Video Imaging Research Articles

Local Feature Filtering Method for Dynamic Multiframe Video Sequence Images

To improve the quality of local feature filtering for dynamic multiframe video sequence images, this study is aimed at designing an improved nontexture class noise filtering algorithm based on noise construction denoising algorithm and gray histogram of pixel points, and then designs a texture noise denoising algorithm based on texture smoothing processing and circular gradient values. The two algorithms are combined to propose a comprehensive filtering and denoising algorithm for horizontal dynamic video images. The experimental test results show that the normalized correlation coefficient, mutual information quantity, peak signal-to-noise ratio, and information entropy of the integrated filter denoising algorithm are 0.950, 0.935, 0.816, and 0.933 after convergence of the training effect, which are significantly higher than those of the commonly used median denoising algorithm and Kalman denoising algorithm. However, the computational time consumption of the proposed integrated filtering and denoising algorithm is higher than that of the comparison algorithms. The experimental results show that the integrated filtering algorithm for dynamic video images designed in this study can achieve better filtering and image reconstruction results in application scenarios with lower requirements for the timeliness of processing results.

Hardware and software complex for the detection and identification of informative features in images of means of nonverbal communication

Subject of study. Techniques for identifying informative features in dynamic images (video) of means of nonverbal communication of operators during a joint constructive activity were the subject of this study. Aim of study. This study aimed to develop methods for detecting and identifying significant features of nonverbal communication in the received dynamic (video) images of faces of partners, i.e., key features in the joint activity of partners upon disabling the verbal communication channel. Method. A technique for interaction was developed, with a hardware and software complex designed for identifying communication markers in images of facial expressions and eye movements of partners during a joint play activity, in which nonverbal communication is a key aspect and the speech communication channel is disabled. The joint activity involved one partner searching for a hidden target in the perceived image using a nonverbal clue from the second partner, who views the target position on his screen. Partners were chosen among representatives of two geographically distant cultures—Russian and Chinese. The interactions of the partners during their work with images of the object of activity received via simultaneous video communication in two research centers located in western and eastern Eurasia were evaluated through simultaneously recorded physiological parameters. Main results. A new algorithm for investigating images as a means of nonverbal interaction for ensuring the achievement of a shared goal without the speech communication channel was designed. The effectiveness of eye movements of the partners, which are the key features of nonverbal communication, was demonstrated during the constructive joint activity. The task was presented to Chinese and Russian test subjects in the form of English text. Based on the performed measurements, nonverbal interaction in the task of looking for the target position functions similarly for representatives of both cultures and depends on the roles of the partners and the type of executed task. The correlation between the activities of different neural networks of the brain that ensure the recognition of images during the target search in nonverbal communication was identified. An analysis of the images of eye movement during the communication isolated a classic pattern of eye capture for guided and guiding partners. Constant switching occurs between the assessment of images of partners’ eyes and the target search in the entire image. The obtained results suggest that 1) the cognitive process of recognition of facial expressions is probably the most complex visual cognitive process, and 2) universal behavioral algorithms exist when a common joint activity understandable to both partners is performed. Practical significance. A hardware and software complex for detecting significant features of nonverbal communication in the images of faces was designed. The working capacity of the proposed method for detecting features was demonstrated using clear basic signals of nonverbal communication, thus enabling new methods of training artificial neural networks to ensure intuitive nonverbal communication between machines and humans via the recognition of hidden markers of nonverbal communication.

Classification of Thyroid Nodules by Using Deep Learning Radiomics Based on Ultrasound Dynamic Video.

We aimed to design a radiomics model for differential diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma based on dynamic ultrasound video, and compare its diagnostic performance with that of radiomics model based on static ultrasound images. Between January 2019 and May 2021, 890 patients with 1015 thyroid nodules (775 for training, 240 for validation) were prospectively enrolled. In total 890 patients underwent thyroidectomy within 1 month, and ultrasound dynamic video and static images were both acquired. Two deep learning (DL) models, namely DL-video and DL-image models, were proposed to diagnose thyroid nodules by analyzing ultrasound video and static images respectively. The performance of models was assessed by areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The DL model on ultrasound cines was re-visualized to help radiologists understand its potential working mechanism. The AUC of DL-video were 0.947 (95% CI: 0.931-0.963) and 0.923 (95% CI: 0.892-0.955) in training and validation cohorts, respectively. For DL-image model, the AUC were 0.928 (95% CI: 0.910-0.945) and 0.864 (95% CI: 0.819-0.910), respectively. The diagnosis performance of the DL-video was superior to that of DL-image, and there was significant difference between the AUC of DL-video and DL-image model in validation cohort (P=.028). The visualization demonstrated certain important ultrasound features that could be recognized by human eyes. The proposed DL radiomics model based on dynamic ultrasound video can accurately and individually classified thyroid nodules. The constructed DL-video model combining ultrasound video holds good potential for benefiting the management of patients with thyroid nodules.

Dynamic Video Image Segmentation Based on Dual Channel Convolutional Kernel and Multi-Frame Feature Fusion.

The color image of the fire hole is key for the working condition identification of the aluminum electrolysis cell (AEC). However, the image of the fire hole is difficult for image segmentation due to the nonuniform distributed illuminated background and oblique beam radiation. Thus, a joint dual channel convolution kernel (DCCK) and multi-frame feature fusion (MFF) method is developed to achieve dynamic fire hole video image segmentation. Considering the invalid or extra texture disturbances in the edge feature images, the DCCK is used to select the effective edge features. Since the obtained edge features of the fire hole are not completely closed, the MFF algorithm is further applied to complement the missing portion of the edge. This method can assist to obtain the complete fire hole image of the AEC. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method has higher precision, recall rate, and lower boundary redundancy rate with well segmented image edge for the aid of working condition identification of the AEC.

Artificial Intelligence Segmented Dynamic Video Images for Continuity Analysis in the Detection of Severe Cardiovascular Disease.

In this paper, an artificial intelligence segmented dynamic video image based on the process of intensive cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease monitoring is deeply investigated, and a sparse automatic coding deep neural network with a four layers stack structure is designed to automatically extract the deep features of the segmented dynamic video image shot, and six categories of normal, atrial premature, ventricular premature, right bundle branch block, left bundle branch block, and pacing are achieved through hierarchical training and optimization. Accurate recognition of heartbeats with an average accuracy of 99.5%. It provides technical assistance for the intelligent prediction of high-risk cardiovascular diseases like ventricular fibrillation. An intelligent prediction algorithm for sudden cardiac death based on the echolocation network was proposed. By designing an echolocation network with a multilayer serial structure, an intelligent distinction between sudden cardiac death signal and non-sudden death signal was realized, and the signal was predicted 5 min before sudden death occurred, with an average prediction accuracy of 94.32%. Using the self-learning capability of stack sparse auto-coding network, a large amount of label-free data is designed to train the stack sparse auto-coding deep neural network to automatically extract deep representations of plaque features. A small amount of labeled data then introduced to micro-train the entire network. Through the automatic analysis of the fiber cap thickness in the plaques, the automatic identification of thin fiber cap-like vulnerable plaques was achieved, and the average overlap of vulnerable regions reached 87%. The overall time for the automatic plaque and vulnerable plaque recognition algorithm was 0.54 s. It provides theoretical support for accurate diagnosis and endogenous analysis of high-risk cardiovascular diseases.

Fast recognition method of text features in dynamic video images

In order to improve the text recognition ability of dynamic video image, a fast text feature recognition method based on block area contour detection is proposed. The fuzzy video feature analysis method is used to collect the text features of the dynamic video image, reorganise the frame structure, and extract the edge features of the text features of the image. The collected text features are fused into multi-dimensional information, and the edge contour feature information of dynamic video image is matched by block matching method. In this paper, a packet fusion model of Chinese text feature in dynamic video image is established, and the corner detection of text feature is carried out by surf algorithm to realise the fast recognition of Chinese text feature in dynamic video image. Simulation results show that the maximum SNR of the image text feature recognition output is 44.8 dB, and the recognition accuracy is high.

Fast recognition method of text features in dynamic video images

Fast recognition method of text features in dynamic video images

Comparing the use of static versus dynamic images to evaluate a smile

Statement of problemSmile analysis, as part of the overall facial analysis, is an important component of diagnosis and treatment planning in the esthetic rehabilitation of a patient. Most studies that refer to smile analysis are based on static images. A more comprehensive evaluation can be made with dynamic video images that can be stopped at the most appropriate frame to ensure the best static images for analysis. PurposeThe purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the posed and dynamic smiles of both sexes, considering the type of smile, prevalence of gingival display, dental display at rest, dentogingival display at posed and spontaneous smile, and lip mobility, through digital image acquisition (photographs and video clips) manipulated by using a software program. Material and methodsThree photographs and 1 video clip were made for each of the 380 voluntary participants aged between 18 and 32 years by using an iPhone 6 iSight 8 MP camera, Moment lens, and artificial 5500 Kelvin light (IceLight). Digital files were evaluated by using a software program (Keynote), determining each point to be evaluated with posed and spontaneous smiles. ResultsWith static images, 90% of women and 74% of men had gingival display, with only 35% of women and 21% of men having continuous gingival display. With dynamic analysis, these values increased to 100% of women and 95% of men having gingival display and 62% of men and 81% of women having a continuous gingival display (P<.05). The difference between dentogingival display during posed and spontaneous smiles was clear, with 68% of the participants having 2.25 mm more gingival display. Women tend to show slightly more dental display at rest, posed and spontaneous dentogingival display, as well as lip mobility, than men. ConclusionsThe type of smile changes significantly when posed and spontaneous smiles are compared. Women generally show more gingiva and teeth in all the parameters evaluated than men. Dental treatments should be individually planned according to each patient's smile characteristics.

A Novel Approach for Background Subtraction using Generalized Rayleigh Distribution

Identification of the foreground objects in dynamic scenario video images is an exigent task, when compared to static scenes. In contrast to motionless images, video sequences offer more information concerning how items and circumstances change over time. Pixel based comparisons are carried out to categorize the foreground and the background based on frame difference methodology. In order to have more precise object identification, the threshold value is made static during both the cases, to improve the recognition accuracy, adaptive threshold values are estimated for both the methods. The current article also highlights a methodology using Generalized Rayleigh Distribution (GRD). Experimentation is conducted using benchmark video images and the derived outputs are evaluated using a quantitate approach.

Применение векторных полей для анализа и прогнозирования движения в цифровых динамических видеоизображениях

Применение векторных полей для анализа и прогнозирования движения в цифровых динамических видеоизображениях

Ultrasound of oral and masticatory muscles: Why every neuromuscular swallow team should have an ultrasound machine.

Patients with neuromuscular disorders often present with swallowing difficulties due to oral phase problems and pharyngeal residue after swallow. It is important to assess the underlying pathology and cause of the swallowing disturbance in this patient group, such as dystrophic changes in oral and masticatory muscles. This allows for more patient-tailored recommendations, for example optimal compensation strategies to maintain function for longer. Ultrasound can show structural changes caused by dystrophy or denervation of muscles, detect involuntary movements such as fasciculations, and provide dynamic video images of tongue motion during swallowing attempts. This article, based on the authors' extensive experience with ultrasound in neuromuscular disease, explains the concepts of oral muscle ultrasound and its proven value in assessing neuromuscular mastication and swallowing problems. As a patient-friendly and portable technique, we advocate its use as a standard tool for analyzing neuromuscular dysphagia. Clin. Anat. 30:183-193, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Method for compression of optical observation data based on analysis of differential structure

A method for compression of high-contrast images based on analysis of their differential structures is suggested. The concept of the method, software implementation and additional factors that increase the efficiency of the method are considered. The compression method is applicable to static and dynamic (video) images obtained, in particular, by optical sensors. The principles of compression we propose allow one to create multi-threaded computing solutions at both the hardware-software and hardware levels. The degree of image compression based on differential structure analysis is comparable to the JPEG compression degree, but the image quality is higher by numerical criteria (MSE, PSNR, SNR). The method requires a relatively small number of operations for compression, which reduces the processing load, and can be successfully used at spacecrafts for obtaining and transmitting images.

The System Design of Wireless Video Transmission Based on PTZ Control

Along with the rapid expansion of automation, communication, the Internet of things technology, and video image processing technology, the wireless video transmission technology based on the embedded system is becoming increasingly more mature. In this paper, what has been designed and managed to be perfectly applied is a transmission system of high reliability and convenience which based on the technique of pan-tilt control and integrated the technology of wireless LAN, embedded technology, video transmission technology. The paper briefly introduces the research background of the system, current research status at home and abroad, the development trend and the significance of this design project. What is more is that the article goes through the hardware and software design of the pan-tilt control circuit and software of real-time video transmission in a detailed way. The biggest is that this project has made the real-time video transmission in the local area network came true and you can check the real-time dynamic video images by browsing the web through you mobile phone.

Compensation of dynamic errors of video images with measuring information based on artificial neural networks

Algorithmic methods of compensating the dynamic video image errors with measuring information were considered. For example, it can be a video image of industrial products made of natural stone. These products need to be accurately controlled by the geometric parameters, which define the quality and aesthetic appearance of the product (linear dimensions and angles of the outer contour and geometric parameters of the structural elements of the finished surface). When forming the video images, dynamic errors appear which affect the accuracy of the geometric parameters of the products. These errors are caused by a non-ideal optical system of a video image forming device (the influence of a scattering point function) and the products movement in relation to the device during the manufacturing process (blurring of contours in the video). It was proposed to use an adaptive linear neural network for compensating the dynamic errors. The neural network implements a filter that restores a video image, improves the playback quality of the product contours and accuracy of their geometrical parameters. Weighting coefficients of the filter are adjusted by training the neural network in accordance with the current parameters of the video image dynamic distortion. This improves the accuracy of determining the geometric parameters in the production conditions of measurements.

Transurethral Seminal Vesiculoscopy Using a 6F Vesiculoscope for Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction: Initial Experience

Ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO) is a surgically correctable condition that occurs in some infertile men. The standard therapy is transurethral resection of ejaculatory ducts (TURED). However, TURED has been associated with a high risk of complications, including the impairment of semen parameters and retrograde ejaculation. In our clinical practice, vesiculoscopy has demonstrated potential as a minimally invasive alternative technique for the diagnosis and treatment of EDO. Very few studies have examined transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy (TRU-SVS) in recent years, and no study has examined 6F vesiculoscopes. Therefore, we performed a retrospective study of TRU-SVS using a 6F vesiculoscope and its effect on the diagnosis and treatment of EDO. A total of 21 patients who underwent this procedure were included in the study. The mean patient age was 28.8 years (range, 23-36 years). The procedure was completed successfully in all patients within a mean time of 31.5 minutes and a mean hospital stay of 1.17 days. All patients had EDO. Calculi were found in the ejaculatory ducts or in the seminal vesicles of 5 patients. Sperm was detected in 11 patients 1-3 months postsurgery and in another 8 patients 3-12 months postsurgery. No sperm was detected in the remaining 2 patients by 12 months postsurgery. Epididymitis, retrograde ejaculation, urinary incontinence, and rectal injury were not observed. These data indicate that TRU-SVS using a 6F vesiculoscope affords direct access to the seminal vesicle and offers the advantages of fewer complications and more optimal sperm recovery as well as direct, dynamic video imaging.

Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts protein 1 functionally cooperates with the TRPV4 cation channel to activate the response of astrocytes to osmotic stress: dysregulation by pathological mutations

Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC), a rare leukodystrophy characterized by macrocephaly, subcortical fluid cysts and myelin vacuolation, has been linked to mutations in the MLC1 gene. This gene encodes a membrane protein that is highly expressed in astrocytes. Based on MLC pathological features, it was proposed that astrocyte-mediated defects in ion and fluid homeostasis could account for the alterations observed in MLC-affected brains. However, the role of MLC1 and the effects of pathological mutations on astrocyte osmoregulatory functions have still to be demonstrated. Using human astrocytoma cells stably overexpressing wild-type MLC1 or three known MLC-associated pathological mutations, we investigated MLC1 involvement in astrocyte reaction to osmotic changes using biochemical, dynamic video imaging and immunofluorescence techniques. We have found that MLC1 overexpressed in astrocytoma cells is mainly localized in the plasma membrane, is part of the Na,K-ATPase-associated molecular complex that includes the potassium channel Kir4.1, syntrophin and aquaporin-4 and functionally interacts with the calcium permeable channel TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 cation channel) which mediates swelling-induced cytosolic calcium increase and volume recovery in response to hyposmosis. Pathological MLC mutations cause changes in MLC1 expression and intracellular localization as well as in the astrocyte response to osmotic changes by altering MLC1 molecular interactions with the Na,K-ATPase molecular complex and abolishing the increase in calcium influx induced by hyposmosis and treatment with the TRPV4 agonist 4αPDD. These data demonstrate, for the first time, that MLC1 plays a role in astrocyte osmo-homeostasis and that defects in intracellular calcium dynamics may contribute to MLC pathogenesis.

Adaptive SIFT Matching Relay Tracking of Variable Scene based on Intelligent Agent

The goal of continuous tracking between different video problem, a change of scene with Intelligent Agent between the goal of achieving the automatic extraction and identification; improved SIFT algorithm, to factor in the selection of scale space with the goal of scaling the size of adaptive change, overcome image rotation, scale Scaling, brightness change, disturbance, maintaining a change of perspective, affine transformation, noise stability, from different imaging conditions and complex scenes of dynamic video images to extract key points and matched to achieve different video continuous track between the target image. experiments show that the algorithm real time, robustness, matching accuracy.

BDNF stimulates Ca 2+ oscillation frequency in melanotrope cells of Xenopus laevis: Contribution of IP3-receptor-mediated release of intracellular Ca 2+ to gene expression

Pituitary melanotrope cells of the amphibian Xenopus laevis are neuroendocrine cells regulating the animal’s skin color adaptation through secretion of α-melanophore-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). To fulfill this function optimally, the melanotrope cell undergoes plastic changes in structure and secretory activity in response to changed background light conditions. Xenopus melanotrope cells display Ca 2+ oscillations that are thought to drive α-MSH secretion and gene expression. They also produce brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which stimulates in an autocrine way the biosynthesis of the α-MSH precursor, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). We have used this physiological adaptation mechanism as a model to investigate the role of BDNF in the regulation of Ca 2+ kinetics and Ca 2+-dependent gene expression. By dynamic video imaging of isolated cultured melanotropes we demonstrated that BDNF caused a dose-dependent increase in Ca 2+ oscillation frequency up to 64.7 ± 2.3% of control level. BDNF also induced a transient Ca 2+ peak in Ca 2+-free medium, which was absent when calcium stores were blocked by thapsigargin and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, indicating that BDNF stimulates acute release of Ca 2+ from IP 3-sensitive intracellular Ca 2+ stores. Moreover, we show that thapsigargin inhibits the expression of BDNF transcript IV (by 61.1 ± 28.8%) but does not affect POMC transcript. We conclude that BDNF mobilizes Ca 2+ from IP 3-sensitive intracellular Ca 2+ stores and propose the possibility that the resulting Ca 2+ oscillations selectively stimulate expression of the BDNF gene.

Development of an experimental optoelectronic device to study the amplitude of mandibular movements

This study aimed to present a wireless mandibular motion tracking device and optoelectronic data acquisition system developed to analyze the real-time spatial motion of the entire mandible during mouth opening and closing with no restriction of any movement. The procedures were divided into three phases: confection of a kinematic arch, dynamic digital video image acquisition, and image processing and analysis by using graphic computation. Four sequences of jaw opening/closing movements were recorded in lateral view: two from the maximum intercuspation (MIC) and the other two from a forced mandibular retruded position. Jaw motion was recorded by a digital video camera and processed as spatial coordinates corresponding to the position variation of the markers in the kinematic arch. The results showed that the method was capable of recording and processing the dynamics of the mandibular movements during jaw opening/closing using pixel-magnitude points. The mandible showed points with less displacement located near the temporomandibular joint during the opening/closing movements from the mandibular retruded position. When the jaw movements were recorded from MIC, these points were located near the mandibular foramen.

Uncompressed Video Image Transmission of Laparoscopic or Endoscopic Surgery for Telemedicine

Traditional narrowband telemedicine cannot provide quality dynamic images. We conducted videoconferences of laparoscopic and endoscopic operations via an uncompressed video transmission technique. A superfast broadband Internet link was set up between Shanghai in the People's Republic of China and Fukuoka in Japan. Uncompressed dynamic video images of laparoscopic and endoscopic operations were transmitted by a digital video transfer system (DVTS). Seven teleconferences were conducted between June 2005 and June 2007. Of the 7 teleconferences, 5 were live surgical demonstrations and 3 were recorded video teleconsultations. Smoothness of the motion picture, sharpness of images, and clarity of sound were benefited by this form of telemedicine based upon DVTS. Telemedicine based upon DVTS is a superior choice for laparoscopic and endoscopic skill training across the borders.