Dynamic IP Address Research Articles

De-anonymizing the internet using unreliable IDs

Today's Internet is open and anonymous. While it permits free traffic from any host, attackers that generate malicious traffic cannot typically be held accountable. In this paper, we present a system called HostTracker that tracks dynamic bindings between hosts and IP addresses by leveraging application-level data with unreliable IDs. Using a month-long user login trace from a large email provider, we show that HostTracker can attribute most of the activities reliably to the responsible hosts, despite the existence of dynamic IP addresses, proxies, and NATs. With this information, we are able to analyze the host population, to conduct forensic analysis, and also to blacklist malicious hosts dynamically.

Architecture of home gateway for device collaboration in extended home space

Extended home space refers not only to home appliances but also to logical space, including a wide range of out-home personal devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, laptops, car navigators, and office PCs. Seamless networking and collaboration among these devices is essential to provide users with a ubiquitous home environment in which they can use home services whenever and wherever they want to. In reality, however, there are certain barriers to this, such as the dynamic IP address, NAT, and heterogeneous service protocols. In this paper, we propose a Home Gateway that provides unrestricted collaboration between personal devices in the extended home space by overcoming these barriers with P2P networking technology.

RAA: a ring-based address autoconfiguration protocol in mobile ad hoc networks

The problem for dynamic IP address assignment is manifest in mobile ad hoc networks, especially in 4G all-IP-based heterogeneous networks. Existing solutions are mainly riveted to decentralized algorithms, applying a large number of broadcast messages to (1) maintain available IP address pools and (2) ensure no address duplication occurring. In this paper, we propose a ring-based address autoconfiguration protocol to configure node addresses. This work aims at the decentralized ring-based address autoconfiguration (DRAA) protocol, which has the advantage of low latency, low communication overhead and high uninterruptible connection. The DRAA protocol is a low-latency solution because each node independently allocates partial IP addresses and does not need to perform the duplicate addresses detection (DAD) during the node-join operation. Communication overhead is significantly lessened in that DRAA protocol uses the logical ring, thus utilizing fewer control messages solely by means of uni-cast messages to distribute address resources and to retrieve invalid addresses. Furthermore, if duplicate addresses are shown at network merging, the DRAA protocol checks the number of both TCP connections and of nodes to allow duplicate nodes to rejoin the smaller network so that lost connections are fast re-connected. To improve communication overhead and provide the evenness of address resources, the centralized ring-based address autoconfiguration (CRAA) protocol is discussed. The CRAA protocol reduces larger numbers of broadcast messages during network merging. The other contribution is that our CRAA protocol also has an even capability so that address resources can be evenly distributed in each node in networks; this accounts for the reason our solution is suitable for large-scale networks. Finally, the performance analysis illustrates performance achievements of RAA protocols. The simulation result shows that the DRAA protocol has the shortest latency, that the CRAA protocol has the capability to evenly distribute address resources and that both of DRAA and CRAA protocols are the good solutions which achieve low communication overhead and high uninterruptible connection.

Advances in IP Micromobility Management Using a Mobility-Aware Routing Protocol

Several micromobility schemes have been proposed to augment Mobile IP and provide a faster and smoother handoff than what is achievable by Mobile IP alone, the majority of which can be categorized into either “network prefix-based” or “host-specific forwarding” mobility management protocols, depending on the routing method used. This letter proposes a mobility-aware routing protocol (MARP) which makes use of both of these routing methods using dynamic IP address allocation. Its performance is evaluated and compared against hierarchical Mobile IP (HMIP) and Cellular IP based on handoff performance, end-to-end delivery delay, and scalability. The results demonstrate that MARP is a more robust, flexible, and scalable micromobility protocol, minimizes session disruption, and offers improvements in handoff performance.

Improvements on “IP – IAPP”: A fast IP handoff protocol for IEEE 802.11 wireless and mobile clients

One of the most critical issues in introducing Wireless LAN (WLAN) real-time and delay sensitive applications, such as Voice over IP (VoIP), is guaranteeing IP service continuation during inter-subnet Basic Service Set (BSS) transitions. Even though WLANs offer very high channel bandwidth, they exhibit long network-layer handoff latency. This is a restraining factor for mobile clients using interactive multimedia applications such as VoIP or video streaming. In a previous work, we presented a novel fast and efficient IP mobility solution, called "IP-IAPP", which offers constant IP connectivity to the 802.11 mobile users and successfully preserves their ongoing sessions, even during subnet handoffs (fast recovery of active connections). It is an 802.11-dependent IP mobility solution, which accelerates the network reconfiguration phase after subnet handoffs and significantly reduces the IP handoff latency. It restores L3 connectivity almost simultaneously to the L2 connectivity after a subnet handoff, due to a zero-delay movement detection method. As a result, even the most demanding next generation WLAN applications such as Voice over WLAN (VoWLAN) suffer insignificant disruption. In this paper we present an improved version of the IP-IAPP mobility mechanism (new optimized protocol procedures). Certain extensions have also been incorporated to the initial proposal, for the provision of more advanced services: (a) secure inter-AP IP-IAPP communications, (b) zero patching on the clients s/w, and (c) support of clients which use a dynamic IP address. Performance measurements out of further and more complex testing verify that the proposed method outperforms other existing mobility solutions, and still introduces the lesser imperative amendments to the existing 802.11 wireless LAN framework.

A distributed protocol for dynamic address assignment in mobile ad hoc networks

A Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is a group of mobile nodes that form a multihop wireless network. The topology of the network can change randomly due to unpredictable mobility of nodes and propagation characteristics. Previously, it was assumed that the nodes in the network were assigned IP addresses a priori. This may not be feasible as nodes can enter and leave the network dynamically. A dynamic IP address assignment protocol like DHCP requires centralized servers that may not be present in MANETs. Hence, we propose a distributed protocol for dynamic IP address assignment to nodes in MANETs. The proposed solution guarantees unique IP address assignment under a variety of network conditions including message losses, network partitioning and merging. Simulation results show that the protocol incurs low latency and communication overhead for an IP address assignment.

A duplicate address resolution protocol in mobile ad hoc networks

In an IP-based network, automated dynamic assignment of IP addresses is preferable. In most wired networks, a node relies on a centralized server by using dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) to obtain a dynamic IP address. However, the DHCP-based approach cannot be employed in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) due to the uncertainty of any centralized DHCP server. That is, a MANET may become partitioned due to host mobility. Therefore, there is no guarantee to access a DHCP server. A general approach to address this issue is to allow a mobile host to pick a tentative address randomly, and then use duplicate address resolution (DAR) protocol to resolve any duplicate addresses. In this paper, an innovative distributed dynamic host configuration protocol designed to configure nodes in MANET is presented. The proposed protocol not only can detect the duplicate address, but also can resolve the problem caused by duplicate address. It shows that the proposed protocol works correctly and is more universal than earlier approaches. An enhanced version of DAR scheme is also proposed in this paper to solve the situation of duplicate MAC address. The new and innovative approach proposed in this paper can make the nodes in MANET provide services to other networks and avoid packets from being delivered to incorrect destinations.

GPRS망을 방문한 이동 ISP 가입자의 무선 인터넷 서비스를 위한 동적 IP 할당 방법

This paper describes problems when visited ISP subscriber gets dynamic IP address in home ISP for wireless internet service on GPRS network. We propose a specific DHCP relay for wireless internet service of visited ISP subscriber on GPRS network. We designed and implemented the specific DHCP relay and installed it in ISP testbed. We show the allocated dynamic IP address using specific DHCP relay for visited ISP subscriber on GPRS network. Now we think it is possible the visited ISP subscriber can access wireless internet service on GPRS network using specific DHCP relay, and UMTS system can be managed IP address for subscriber roaming.