Dynamic Information Integration Research Articles

Neural Representations of Observed Interpersonal Synchrony/Asynchrony in the Social Perception Network.

The visual perception of individuals is thought to be mediated by a network of regions in the occipitotemporal cortex that supports specialized processing of faces, bodies, and actions. In comparison, we know relatively little about the neural mechanisms that support the perception of multiple individuals and the interactions between them. The present study sought to elucidate the visual processing of social interactions by identifying which regions of the social perception network represent interpersonal synchrony. In an fMRI study with 32 human participants (26 female, 6 male), we used multivoxel pattern analysis to investigate whether activity in face-selective, body-selective, and interaction-sensitive regions across the social perception network supports the decoding of synchronous versus asynchronous head-nodding and head-shaking. Several regions were found to support significant decoding of synchrony/asynchrony, including extrastriate body area (EBA), face-selective and interaction-sensitive mid/posterior right superior temporal sulcus, and occipital face area. We also saw robust cross-classification across actions in the EBA, suggestive of movement-invariant representations of synchrony/asynchrony. Exploratory whole-brain analyses also identified a region of the right fusiform cortex that responded more strongly to synchronous than to asynchronous motion. Critically, perceiving interpersonal synchrony/asynchrony requires the simultaneous extraction and integration of dynamic information from more than one person. Hence, the representation of synchrony/asynchrony cannot be attributed to augmented or additive processing of individual actors. Our findings therefore provide important new evidence that social interactions recruit dedicated visual processing within the social perception network that extends beyond that engaged by the faces and bodies of the constituent individuals.

PHFormer: Multi-Fragment Assembly Using Proxy-Level Hybrid Transformer

Fragment assembly involves restoring broken objects to their original geometries, and has many applications, such as archaeological restoration. Existing learning based frameworks have shown potential for solving part assembly problems with semantic decomposition, but cannot handle such geometrical decomposition problems. In this work, we propose a novel assembly framework, proxy level hybrid Transformer, with the core idea of using a hybrid graph to model and reason complex structural relationships between patches of fragments, dubbed as proxies. To this end, we propose a hybrid attention module, composed of intra and inter attention layers, enabling capturing of crucial contextual information within fragments and relative structural knowledge across fragments. Furthermore, we propose an adjacency aware hierarchical pose estimator, exploiting a decompose and integrate strategy. It progressively predicts adjacent probability and relative poses between fragments, and then implicitly infers their absolute poses by dynamic information integration. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our method effectively reduces assembly errors while maintaining fast inference speed. The code is available at https://github.com/521piglet/PHFormer.

Nudging human drivers via implicit communication by automated vehicles: Empirical evidence and computational cognitive modeling

Understanding behavior of human drivers in interactions with automated vehicles (AV) can aid the development of future AVs. Existing investigations of such behavior have predominantly focused on situations in which an AV a priori needs to take action because the human has the right of way. However, future AVs might need to proactively manage interactions even if they have the right of way over humans, e.g., a human driver taking a left turn in front of the approaching AV. Yet it remains unclear how AVs could behave in such interactions and how humans would react to them. To address this issue, here we investigated behavior of human drivers (N = 19) when interacting with an oncoming AV during unprotected left turns in a driving simulator experiment. We measured the outcomes (Go or Stay) and timing of participants’ decisions when interacting with an AV which performed subtle longitudinal nudging maneuvers, e.g. briefly decelerating and then accelerating back to its original speed. We found that participants’ behavior was sensitive to deceleration nudges but not acceleration nudges. We compared the obtained data to predictions of several variants of a drift-diffusion model of human decision making. The most parsimonious model that captured the data hypothesized noisy integration of dynamic information on time-to-arrival and distance to a fixed decision boundary, with an initial accumulation bias towards the Go decision. Our model not only accounts for the observed behavior but can also flexibly generate predictions of human responses to arbitrary longitudinal AV maneuvers, and can be used for both informing future studies of human behavior and incorporating insights from such studies into computational frameworks for AV interaction planning.

Coordination of MAPK and p53 dynamics in the cellular responses to DNA damage and oxidative stress.

In response to different cellular stresses, the transcription factor p53 undergoes different dynamics. p53 dynamics, in turn, control cell fate. However, distinct stresses can generate the same p53 dynamics but different cell fate outcomes, suggesting integration of dynamic information from other pathways is important for cell fate regulation. To determine how MAPK activities affect p53-mediated responses to DNA breaks and oxidative stress, we simultaneously tracked p53 and either ERK, JNK, or p38 activities in single cells. While p53 dynamics were comparable between the stresses, cell fate outcomes were distinct. Combining MAPK dynamics with p53 dynamics was important for distinguishing between the stresses and for generating temporal ordering of cell fate pathways. Furthermore, cross-talk between MAPKs and p53 controlled the balance between proliferation and cell death. These findings provide insight into how cells integrate signaling pathways with distinct temporal patterns of activity to encode stress specificity and drive different cell fate decisions.

Visual analysis method of foundation pit monitoring information based on BIM platform

In order to visually express the safety monitoring information of foundation pits and underground engineering, realize the efficient management of massive dynamic safety monitoring information during the construction of foundation pits and underground engineering, as well as assist safety analysis, a building information model (BIM)-based Foundation pit and underground engineering dynamic safety monitoring information integration and network visualization method is proposed in the article. Firstly, the research builds a three-dimensional BIM model of foundation pit engineering based on the analysis of the element composition of the three-dimensional virtual scene of the foundation pit and underground engineering. Then, apply the method of key field mapping to establish the dynamic coupling between the BIM model and the safety monitoring information. Finally, the research realizes the virtual display of the construction process based on the three-dimensional visualization function of BIM technology. Furthermore, combined with the actual situation, the corresponding system is developed and applied in a certain project, which realized the visual integration of dynamic information of engineering safety monitoring and BIM under the network environment, and provided a support platform for the safety analysis of foundation pits and underground engineering.

A novel approach for dynamic information integration

A novel approach for dynamic information integration

A novel approach for dynamic information integration

With tremendous growth of data, in recent past, NoSQL databases have emerged and become the popular choices amongst top companies. Scalability can be easily achieved with these databases which are suitable for big companies working with streaming or social data. The consistency offered by these databases has always remained a concern for companies working with crucial and especially financial transactional data. Moreover, the entirely new architecture and new set of query language makes it more expensive and tedious to migrate the existing architecture on this new platform. The proposed architecture in this paper tries to eliminate these business issues by implementing the powers of NoSQL databases using the traditional RDBMS model. With this proposed architecture, the query language remains the same, the ACID properties can be maintained where required and more scalability and reliability can be achieved.

Dynamic reconfiguration of the functional brain network after musical training in young adults.

Musical performance strongly depends on continuous and dynamic information integration from the motor, sensory and cognitive systems. Musical training is an excellent model to investigate the plasticity of the dynamics in functional brain networks. Here, we compared the dynamics of the resting-state functional brain network in 29 healthy, young adults (13 males) before and after 24weeks of piano training (all participants had been novices) with the functional brain network of 27 matched participants (13 males) who were also evaluated longitudinally but without any training. The sliding window approach was used to construct the time-varying functional networks, and the dynamics of 13 well-known functional systems were evaluated. The mean nodal flexibility of each functional system, which is a measure that captures changes in the local properties of the network, was calculated. In addition, the intrasystem connections, intersystem connections and their ratio for each functional system were also calculated. We found increased flexibility of the visual and auditory systems in participants after musical training when compared with the controls. Moreover, the visual system showed increased intrasystem and intersystem connections, and the auditory system showed increased intersystem connections and a decreased ratio of the intrasystem and intersystem connections in the training group after musical training. Furthermore, regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between the increased intersystem connections of the visual system and practice time in the training group. Our results indicated that the dynamics of the functional brain network can be changed by musical training, which provided new insights into the brain plasticity and functional architecture of the brain network.

Factors Affecting the Successful Implementation of Cloud and IoT - A Study on IT and Business Leaders

The Internet of Things (IoT) is turning into the following Internet-related transformation. It enables billions of gadgets to be associated and speak with one another to share data that enhances the nature of our day-by-day lives. Then again, Cloud Computing gives on-request, helpful and versatile system get to which makes it conceivable to share computing assets, without a doubt, this, thus, empowers dynamic information integration from different information sources. There are numerous issues hindering the fruitful implementation of both Cloud and IoT. The integration of Cloud Computing with the IoT is the best path on which to defeat these issues. The huge number of assets accessible on the Cloud can be greatly helpful for the IoT, while the Cloud can acquire attention to enhance its impediments with true protests in a more powerful and dispersed way. This paper gives to the various factors that affect the integration of the Cloud into the IoT by featuring the integration advantages and implementation challenges. This paper mainly focus on a study which was conducted on various IT and business leaders.

Challenges Faced by CIOs in cloud and IoT based organizations- A Study on IT and Business Leaders

The Internet of Things (IoT) is turning into the following Internet-related insurgency. It enables billions of gadgets to be associated and speak with one another to share data that enhances the nature of our day by day lives. Then again, Cloud Computing gives on-request, advantageous and adaptable system which makes it conceivable to share computing assets; surely, this empowers dynamic information integration from different information sources. There are numerous issues hindering the effective implementation of both Cloud and IoT affecting the role of a chief information officer (CIO).The integration of Cloud Computing with the IoT is the best path on which to conquer these issues. The immense number of assets accessible on the Cloud can be to a great degree advantageous for the IoT, while the Cloud can acquire exposure to enhance its confinements with true protests in a more powerful and conveyed way. This paper gives an outline of the integration of the Cloud into the IoT by featuring the integration advantages and implementation challenges. Cloud computing has developed enormously throughout the years. Since the term appeared in mid 90s it was produced and being worked upon to make it a conceivable answer for business information stockpiling and availability issues. Expansive undertakings are progressively discovering cloud an affable arrangement even inside their stringent hierarchical approaches.Cloud has been such advanced that there is a surge of executing virtualization among CIOs. This has prompt a larger number of complexities than arrangements. The issues with cloud implementation are for the most part because of the scurry without legitimate investigation of one's circumstances and necessities previously. Following is a concise dialog on the difficulties looked by organizations amid executing cloud computing.This study focuses on the challenges faced by CIOs in a cloud and IOT based organization. This study will analyze the major challenges in cloud and IOT environments like security, privacy, performance, compliance, governance, portability, interoperability, lack of resources, cost management etc. As part of this study a survey was conducted on 400 plus IT and business leaders from various organizations from almost 30 plus countries and their responses are recorded and analyzed as part of this study

A Comparative Study of All-atom Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Coarse-grained Normal Mode Analysis in Identifying Pre-existing Residue Interaction Networks that Promote Coupled-Domain Dynamics in Escherichia coli Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase

Inter-domain communication plays a key role in the function of modular proteins. Earlier studies have demonstrated that the coupling of domain motions is important in mediating site-to-site communications in modular proteins. In the present study, bioinformatics and molecular simulations were usedto trace “pre-existing” residue-residue interaction networks that mediate coupled-domain dynamics in multi-domain Escherichia coli methionyl-tRNA synthetase (Ec MetRS). In particular, a comparative study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of coarse-grained normal mode analysis and all-atom molecular dynamic simulation in predicting pre-existing pathways of inter-domain communications in this enzyme. Integration of dynamic information of residues with their evolutionary features (conserved and coevolved) demonstrated that multiple residue-residue interaction networks exist in Ec MetRS that promote dynamic coupling between the anticodon binding domain and the connective polypeptide I domain, which are > 50Å apart, through correlated motions. Mutation of residues on these pathways have distinct impact on the dynamics and function of this enzyme. Moreover, the present study revealed that the dynamic information obtained from the coarse-grained normal mode analysis is comparable to the atomistic molecular dynamics simulations in predicting the interaction networks that are essential for promoting coupled-domain dynamics in Ec MetRS. KEYWORDS: Domain-domain Communication; Molecular Dynamics; Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase; Normal Mode Analysis; Coupled-domain Dynamics; Course-grained Normal Mode Analysis; Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases; Statistical Coupling Analysis

Applying dynamic information principles to higher education systems: design perspective

This paper promotes the integration of dynamic information (DI) principles with education systems to advance curriculum and instruction from traditional static designs to build dynamic education systems. DI should stimulate and support methodological flexibility for converging learner-centred and knowledge-centred education environments. This convergence is achieved through a complex mix of connected technologies and pedagogical methods. Flexibility and diversity are important principles to permit the application of multiple scalable digital communication tools, teaching methods and decision-making to advance this direction. This paper proposes a list of DI characteristics and a model that support the design of dynamic education systems.

Integrated Navigation for Flyback Reusable Booster Vehicles

Taking the engineering application of reusable booster vehicles (RBVs) as the research background, an effective navigation system scheme for rocket-powered auto-flyback RBVs is put forward in detail. First of all, the research state of RBVs in main research departments and three kinds of typically used feasible flyback options for RBVs are introduced. Based on an analysis of the characteristics of application background and engineering requirements, a feasible navigation scheme for a rocket-powered auto-flyback RBV is put forward, which consists of a strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS), global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and radio navigation equipment (radio). In order to realize navigation with high accuracy and dynamic adaptability, an improved dynamic information integration strategy is used for the navigation system, and simulation of the scheme based on a special trajectory is carried out. The theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate the effectiveness and feasibility of the navigation technologies.

Auditory Spectral Integration in Nontraditional Speech Cues in Diotic and Dichotic Listening

Underlying auditory processes in speech perception were explored. Specifically of interest were the stages of auditory processing involved in the integration of dynamic information in nontraditional speech cues such as the virtual formant transitions. These signals utilize intensity ratio cues and changes in spectral center-of-gravity (instead of the actual formant frequency transitions) to produce perceived F3 glides. 6 men and 8 women (M age = 24.2 yr., SD = 2.1), recruited through posted materials from graduate students at The Ohio State University, participated in two experiments. The results for frequency-based formant transitions (Exp. 1) indicated that spectral cues to syllable identification are combined at more central levels of auditory processing. However, when the components of the virtual formant stimuli were divided between the ears in a dichotic listening task (Exp. 2), the results indicated that auditory spectral integration may occur above the auditory periphery but at stages more intermediate rather than central.

Integration of dynamic information for visuomotor control in young adults with developmental coordination disorder

We examined the hypothesis that developmental coordination disorder (DCD) consists of a poor integration of distal preparatory visual information with the visual information that arises during movement execution. We set up a steering task where the action goal was to steer smoothly on a virtual winding course under conditions that manipulated the availability and timing of visual information. Participants were 20 young adults who had been diagnosed with DCD in their childhood and 20 typically developing age-matched controls. On a simple tracking task, participants with DCD were slower and more variable than controls. The group differences dissipated, however, when the display highlighted the directional changes necessary within the next 500 ms. When the latter condition was modified to also include the full layout of the course, however, the performance of the DCD group once again decreased. This result could not be attributed to a simple distraction effect. The results suggest that distinct neural mechanisms are associated with the processing of fast visual information for online control and longer-term action preparation based on spatial layout. In skilled action, cerebellar and parietal areas process information effectively and their outputs are integrated into one smooth movement. Because the DCD group showed difficulties in steering when both types of information were present, it is likely that this integration is suboptimal.

An Experimental Investigation of Humans Multi-modal Integration of Dynamic Information between Vision and Touch

An Experimental Investigation of Humans Multi-modal Integration of Dynamic Information between Vision and Touch

Novel dynamic information integration during da Vinci robotic partial nephrectomy and radical nephrectomy.

With the increasing discovery of small renal neoplasms, minimally invasive excisional approaches have become more popular. Robotic partial nephrectomy is an emerging procedure. During robotic renal surgery, the console surgeon often has a need to view images or other data during the surgical dissection. Herein, we describe the preliminary use of integrative surgical imaging in the console surgical view during 20 cases of robotic partial and radical nephrectomy. Integration of this technology, termed Tilepro, allows the surgeon to view data within the robotic console and thus prevents disengagement. The success rate of transmission was 95% and the usefulness of the transmission was 89%. Complications included delayed transmission and cabling issues. This technology is useful in robotic renal surgery and may have benefits in telepresence or other surgical fields.

Recognition and Discrimination of Human Actions Across the Senses of Echolocation and Vision in the Bottlenose Dolphin: Evidence for Dolphin Cross-modal Integration of Dynamic Information

The ability of cetaceans to explore and interpret their world via echolocation has receivedconsiderable attention during recent years, and the resulting body of work has revealed asophisticated cetacean echolocation system. In addition, a number of recent studies suggest thatdolphins can relate information that they receive from vision with information that they obtainfrom echolocation when this information concerns stationary objects. However, the present studyis the first test of the cetacean ability to integrate dynamic information about movement acrossthe two senses. Three adult female bottlenose dolphins that had previously learned to interpretvisible movements produced by humans stationed on floating docks were asked to interpret a setof these movements produced by an underwater human located behind a visually opaque screen.Although each dolphin had previously demonstrated its ability to reliably interpret movementsproduced by a human in the air above the surface of the water, none of the dolphins had anyprevious experience with underwater humans producing movements that the dolphins could seeor with underwater humans producing movements behind an opaque screen that prevented thedolphins from using visual information to interpret these signals. The dolphins quickly learned tocorrectly respond to signals that they could not see but could observe via echolocation. Theseresults demonstrate that dolphins can relate visual and echoic representations of actions,although the amount of experience necessary for such integration has yet to be determined.

LOOSELY-SPECIFIED QUERY PROCESSING IN LARGE-SCALE INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Challenging issues for processing queries specified over large-scale information spaces (e.g., Digital Libraries or the World Wide Web) include the diversity of the information sources in terms of their structures, query interfaces and search capabilities, as well as the dynamics of sources continuously being added, removed or upgraded. In this paper, we give an innovative solution for query planning in such environments. The foundation of our solution is the Dynamic Information Integration Model (DIIM) which supports the specification of not only content but also capabilities of resources without requiring the establishment of a uniform integration schema. Besides the development of the DIIM model, contributions of this paper include: (1) the introduction of the notion of fully specified queries that are semantically equivalent to a loosely-specified query; (2) a translation algorithm of a loosely-specified query into a set of semantically equivalent feasible query plans that are consistent with the binding patterns of query templates of the individual sources (capability descriptions in DIIM) and with interrelationships between informations sources (expressed as join constraints in DIIM); and (3) a search restriction algorithm for optimizing query processing by pruning the search space into the relevant subspace of a query. The plans obtained by the proposed query planning process which is composed of the search restriction and translation algorithms can be shown to correspond to query plans semantically equivalent to the initial loosely-specified input query.

Loosely-Specified Query Processing in Large-Scale Information Systems

Challenging issues for processing queries specified over large-scale information spaces (for example, Digital Libraries or the World Wide Web) include the diversity of the information sources in terms of their structures, query interfaces and search capabilities, as well as the dynamics of sources continuously being added, removed or upgraded. In this paper, we give an innovative solution for query planning in such environments. The foundation of our solution is the Dynamic Information Integration Model (DIIM) which supports the specification of not only content but also capabilities of resources without requiring the establishment of a uniform integration schema. Besides the development of the DIIM model, contributions of this paper include: (1) the introduction of the notion of fully specified queries that are semantically equivalent to a loosely-specified query; (2) a translation algorithm of a loosely-specified query into a set of semantically equivalent feasible query plans that are consistent with the binding patterns of query templates of the individual sources (capability descriptions in DIIM) and with interrelationships between information sources (expressed as join constraints in DIIM); and (3) a search restriction algorithm for optimizing query processing by pruning the search space into the relevant subspace of a query. The plans obtained by the proposed query planning process which is composed of the search restriction and translation algorithms can be shown to correspond to query plans semantically equivalent to the initial loosely-specified input query.