Dynamic Data Exchange Research Articles

Research on low energy joint optimization of dynamic thermal environment coupled with passenger cabin and air conditioning systems

This study establishes a model for the coupling of passenger compartment and air-conditioning systems. The model takes human thermal comfort as the evaluation index, which can achieve dynamic data exchange during the transient calculation process, and control the air-conditioning systems with the core goal of reducing energy consumption. The optimal air supply angle and air distribution ratio were analyzed using this model. When the external environment changes, the air supply parameters corresponding to the lowest energy consumption are analyzed based on the air conditioning system with optimal air supply angle and air distribution ratio. The results show that the best direct blowing position is the neck. When the air distribution ratio of the driver's left air outlet is 25 %, the overall thermal comfort value of the dummy is the best. The overall thermal comfort of the dummy was maintained at the optimal value with an air speed of 8 m/s for dynamic external environments, but this air speed was not the lowest energy consumption. Subsequently, under the premise of maintaining the comfort of the dummy, the fitted curves of the air supply speed that minimizes the energy consumption are obtained by comparing the energy consumption under different air supply speeds.

Hardware-in-the-Loop Emulation of a SEPIC Multiplier Converter in a Photovoltaic System

This article presents the development and execution of a Single-Ended Primary-Inductor Converter (SEPIC) multiplier within a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) emulation environment tailored for photovoltaic (PV) applications. Utilizing the advanced capabilities of the dSPACE 1104 platform, this work establishes a dynamic data exchange mechanism between a variable voltage power supply and the SEPIC multiplier converter, enhancing the efficiency of solar energy harnessing. The proposed emulation model was crafted to simulate real-world solar energy capture, facilitating the evaluation of control strategies under laboratory conditions. By emulating realistic operational scenarios, this approach significantly accelerates the innovation cycle for PV system technologies, enabling faster validation and refinement of emerging solutions. The SEPIC multiplier converter is a new topology based on the traditional SEPIC with the capability of producing a larger output voltage in a scalable manner. This initiative sets a new benchmark for conducting PV system research, offering a blend of precision and flexibility in testing supervisory strategies, thereby streamlining the path toward technological advancements in solar energy utilization.

Multi-Parameter Model-Based Polarimetric Calibration for Dual-Coded Spectral Polarization Imaging System

A polarization analysis method based on a multi-parameter model is proposed to address the polarization effect analysis and calibration requirements of a dual-coded snapshot spectral polarization imaging system. A full-link polarization effect model for a spectral polarization imaging system is established that includes a digital micromirror array (DMD), prism grating prism (PGP), micro-polarizer array detector (MPA), and multi-film. The influence of parameters such as the refractive index, incident angle, grating refractive index, constant, prism refractive index, vertex angle, multi-layer film complex refractive index, and film thickness on the optical transmittance of the system are analyzed. Using a dynamic data exchange mechanism to perform full-link, full-FOV, and full-pupil ray tracing on the optical system, the polarization effect distribution of the system under different degrees of polarization (DOP) and wavelengths is obtained. A calibration experiment for the controllable incident wavelength and DOP using narrowband filters and glass stacks is established. The experimental results show that in the 420 nm, 532 nm, and 635 nm wavelength bands, the MSEs of the calibrated values are 1.3924 × 10−4, 1.6852 × 10−4, and 1.6735 × 10−4, respectively. It is proven that the calibration method based on a multi-parameter model is feasible. Finally, the spectral polarization image at 532 nm is calibrated. The contrast ratio of metallic aluminum is calibrated from 7.13 to 15.33. This study provides a theoretical basis for the analysis and calibration of polarization effects in a dual-coded snapshot spectral polarization imaging system.

Dynamic Terrain Data Exchange in a Collaborative Terrain Editor

In a computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), data consistency between collaborating users is a crucial issue. Based on the type of the application, ensuring data consistency can be a lengthy process that takes time and affects the system’s performance. In most 3D application, terrain data are massive due to its size. Exchanging this data may be expensive and may cause significant delay. In a real-time collaborative terrain editor, this issue becomes more significant due to terrain data exchange is consistently occurred between collaborating users. We present a solution to perform a conflict-free dynamic terrain data exchange in a real-time collaborative terrain editor. Our objective is to develop a method that able to ensure data consistency amongst collaborating peers in real-time manner. The main idea of our method is to split the terrain into smaller patches and synchronize the changes efficiently by only exchanging the modified patches. We applied our solution to a collaborative terrain editor application to test its performance in a real-time collaborative editing session. The tests were done in multiple scenarios, using different patch model, brush size (in the terrain editor), and connection setup between server and collaborating clients. The result shows that our protocol is capable to maintain data consistency between collaborating clients in a real-time terrain edition session. The delay is varied and highly depends on the data size and client-server environment setup. The overall test shows that it is possible to perform a collaborative terrain editing with an acceptable response time delay. In this paper, we present our proposed method, the implementation, and the result data from the test.

Application of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) in Crude Oil Production Optimization Using Pump Efficiency Control

The collapse of oil prices in mid-2014 and early 2016 was the biggest in modern history that witnessed more than a 70% drop in the price to around $40 barrel. It prompted companies to think seriously to maintain profitability. Most companies were able to survive partly by simplifying their operations. Price recovery in 2021 is only 70% of its peak value. Companies are focusing on reducing the cost of operations, increasing production simultaneously, and finding new and different strategies to survive. The current scenario is witnessing strong research focusing on the development of process control for oil and gas upstream and downstream to improve the control and preventive maintenance to reduce operating costs and increase production. This paper presents the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) practical solution that improves the oil production rate from the well and increases the average pump efficiency (fillage) to 90%. This paper proposes a mechanism for collecting, storing, and analyzing all required parameters to build valuable charts. These charts’ data help optimize the values and parameters for controller setpoints to prevent pump gas lock problems. An artificial lift is required to lift the oil from the well. In this paper, the sucker rod pump is driven by a gas engine fed by the well’s gas. At the same time, SCADAPack 535E remote terminal unit collects all pump and well parameters such as hydraulic pressure, casing pressure, tubing pressure, and pump speed in stroke per minute (SPM). The remote terminal unit sends the data through a wireless network using a 5 GHz antenna to the main control room. The IIoT platform is designed using a visual basic programming language. Microsoft DDE (Dynamic Data Exchange) and Kepware OPC server were used to work on the received data to monitor, generate charts, and apply the controllers.

Ray tracing method applied in the annual evaluation of reflectors integrated to an evacuated tube solar collector

A method to evaluate the performance of annual solar concentrators is presented. The ray-tracing technique is regularly used to assess the solar concentrator's performance; however, most of the works in this area simplify the simulation process by considering representative scenarios throughout the year, such as solar tracking studies in summer and winter solstices or monthly averages to evaluate the annual system performance. The presented method develops annual simulations using dynamic data exchange protocol to allow communication between TracePro® and MATLAB with defined time intervals, applied to assess the integration of a reflector system to evacuated tube collectors under three configurations: rear reflector plate, compound parabolic concentrator, and parabolic concentrator; the finding that the latter presents the most favorable results, increasing the incident radiation on the outside of the tubes up to 36%.

An extensive thermo-economic evaluation and optimization of an integrated system empowered by solar-wind-ocean energy converter for electricity generation – Case study: Bandar Abas, Iran

In parallel with efforts to shift human societies' reliance from fossil fuel to renewable resources, in this paper, three green-based energy generation configurations were proposed and examined thermoeconomically. Afterwards, the one with the highest performance was selected for further investigation. The chosen system was empowered by an ocean thermal energy convertor (OTEC), a wind turbine, and a solar flat plate panel. The system was modeled by Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software to conduct sensitivity analysis by assessing the impact of changes in objective parameters on the net power output, thermoelectric generator (TEG) power output, exergy efficiency, and cost ratio. In the following steps, EES was coupled with MATLAB through Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE), and a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) was employed for optimizing design parameters including solar panels' area, organic Rankine cycle (ORC) turbine inlet temperature, condenser outlet temperature, ORC pump and turbine efficiency, TEG figure of merit, and evaporator pinch point to reach the highest possible exergy efficiency and the least amount for cost ratio. The system performed with 13.88% exergy efficiency. The exergy destruction analysis showed wind turbine was the most exergy destructor in the system. The configuration is able to generate 448 kW power at its optimal point. Eventually, a case study for Bandar Abbas city, a coastal town in the south of Iran, is carried out to investigate the system's performance concerning the region's potential throughout a year. The results indicate that the system can potentially supply 38 Iranian households with electricity all year-round.

Fault detection and Induction motor safety using Programmable Logic Controller and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system

Aiming at high accuracy and time consumption in classical method by eliminating the mechanical components, this work focuses on an automation process for fault detection and Induction motor safety using PLC and SCADA. The software of the system uses RS Logix 500 English to construct a ladder logic program and In-touch to design the operation process taking place in Induction motor. The communication between these two software is achieved by Dynamic Data Exchange. The problems such as voltages, currents, over speed, vibration alert and temperature sensing values of the Induction motor are monitored. By communicating the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) to Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) the warning messages are displayed on the computer screen. This PLC and SCADA system based protection method provides a visual environment to analyze and rectify the faults occurring in a three phase induction motor comparing to a Programmable Integrated Circuit (PIC) based protection system.

Multi-objective design optimization of a multi-generation energy system based on geothermal and solar energy

In this paper, a multi-generation system based on geothermal energy and parabolic trough solar collectors is proposed for the simultaneous generation of power, cooling, freshwater, hydrogen, and heat. Power is generated by a combined steam Rankine cycle and an organic Rankine cycle. Ten different refrigerants are used for the organic Rankine cycle, among which R123 has the best performance. In addition, four fluids are used as the geothermal fluid, among which Therminol 59 has recorded the best performance. Solar intensity, geothermal mass flow rate, geothermal fluid temperature, and steam turbine inlet pressure have proven to be the most prominent parameters affecting the exergy efficiency and cost. After analyzing the proposed system from the energy, exergy and exergoeconomic points of view, a multi-objective-optimization-genetic-algorithm is applied for improving the performance of the system. In order to apply the multi-objective optimization, Engineering Equation Solver and MATLAB software are linked together by the Dynamic Data Exchange method. According to the obtained results. The results show that the exergy efficiency of the system and the total unit cost respectively reach to 29.95% and 129.7 $/GJ at the optimum point.

Secure Dynamic Groups Data Sharing with Modified Revocable Attribute-Based Encryption in Cloud

Cloud computing provides a flexible and convenient way for data sharing, which brings various benefits for both the society and individuals. But there exists a natural resistance for users to directly outsource the shared data to the cloud server since the data often contain valuable information. Although it causes many security issues, cloud service providers are not at the same level of trust as users. To preserve the privacy of data against non-trusted Cloud Service Provider (CSP) files, current solutions implement Cryptographic methods (for example, encryption methods) and deliver decryption keys only to authorized users. However, data sharing in the cloud among authorized users remains a difficult problem, especially when it comes to dynamic user groups. Most of the research on dynamic group data exchange has been done in the cloud with many algorithms, such as Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE), Ciphertext Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) to provide better security in dynamic cloud users with multiple authorities, but they still face challenges, either lack of performance or rely on a trusted server, and are not suitable for distribution with the problem of eliminating attributes. Thus, the Revocation user cannot get shared data before and after. To solve this in particular, we first suggest an effective Modified Revocable Attribute-Based Encryption (MR-ABE) system with the quality of ciphertext allocation by applying and integrating both Identity-Based Encryption (IBE) and CP-ABE techniques. It can provide confidential forward / backward of encrypted data by delivering user revocation attributes and updating encrypted text simultaneously. Next, we perform Fine-grained access control and data exchange for on-demand services with dynamic user groups on the cloud. Experimental data show that our proposed system is more efficient and scalable than the latest generation solutions.

Improving the Network Performance using MP-OLSR Protocol for Wireless Ad Hoc Network (MANET)

MP-OLSR is the abbreviation of Multipath (Optimized Link source Routing) Protocol which is also known as hybrid protocol, that helps to increase the path in OLSR which clearly works on “proactive routing protocol” specifically developed for Ad Hoc Networks. Wireless Ah Hoc Networks are one among the emerging technology with many operations. This network has some uniquecharacteristics like shared co-operation, dynamic topology and wireless medium.MP-OLSR protocol has the potential to achieve dynamic exchange of data without relying on one base station or a backbone wired network and it is also capable of handling the intermittent exchange of data to manage the topology information for the network also it maintains the design of on-demand routing table and the packets will be forwarded to multiple paths. Here, we propose an idea for enhancing the Multipath-OLSR by using Clustering Algorithm which helps to avoid link failure and recovering the route and also routing protocol to reduce traffic delay and overhead of network that eventually increases the throughput and delivery ratio of a packet.

The European Journal of Taxonomy: Enhancing taxonomic publications for dynamic data exchange and navigation

The European Journal of Taxonomy (EJT) was initiated by a consortium of European natural history publishers to take advantage of the shift from paper to electronic-only publishing (Benichou et al. 2011). Whilst originally publishing in PDF format has been considered the state of the art, it became recently obvious that complementary dissemination channels help to disseminate taxonomic data - one of the pillars of Natural History institutions research - more widely and efficiently (Côtez et al. 2018). The adoption of semantic markup and assignment of persistent identifiers for content allow more comprehensive citations of the article, including elements therein, such as images, taxonomic treatments, and materials citation. It also allows more in-depth analyses and visualization of the contribution of collections, authors, or specimens to taxonomic output and third parties, such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, for reuse of the data or building the catalogue of life. In this presentation, EJT will be used to outline the nature of natural history publishers and their technical set up. This is followed by a description of the post-publishing workflow using the Plazi workflow and dissemination via the Biodiversity Literature Repository (BLR) and TreatmentBank. It outlines switching the publishing workflow to an increased use of extended markup language (XML) and visualization of the output and concludes by publishing guidelines that enable more efficient text and data mining of the content of taxonomic publications.

A Multiagent-Based Game-Theoretic and Optimization Approach for Market Operation of Multimicrogrid Systems

This paper proposes a multiagent-based energy market for multimicrogrid systems using game-theoretic and hierarchical optimization approaches. The proposed method is tailored to achieve the optimal operation of smart microgrids in distribution systems. Because of rapid load variations in distribution systems, it is necessary to develop fast optimization algorithms which minimize the power mismatch in and among microgrids. In this paper, a three-level market framework is proposed. The first level comprises a game-theoretic double-auction mechanism for the day-ahead market while the next two levels are optimal rescheduling and intermicrogrid reverse auction model for the hour-ahead and real-time markets, respectively. Using the hierarchical optimization algorithm in a multiagent-based area, it is anticipated to not only minimize the optimization solution time, but also reduce the dependency on the network in grid-connected mode or load shedding in islanded mode. Using this approach, load demand response capabilities along with rescheduling of Distributed Energy Storage Systems and distributed generations could be utilized in all market levels, which will lead to optimal operation of multimicrogrid systems. Agents are developed in DIgSILENT PowerFactory and dynamic data exchange is activated for communication among agents communicating through a data distribution service which utilizes the real-time publish-subscribe communication protocol. The developed framework is applied to the modified 37-bus IEEE distribution test feeder system to validate the effectiveness of this market structure.

Eleven quick tips to build a usable REST API for life sciences.

In recent years, technological advances have greatly expanded the range of data types generated by life sciences researchers. These span domains such as molecular structures, nucleotide and protein sequences, metabolomics, and chemogenomics, resulting in hundreds of public resources holding diverse data sets for reuse in multiple formats [1]. Most resources focus on a specific data type, yet their value for researchers is enhanced once cross-referenced and combined with expert annotation and knowledge. Cross-referencing has increasingly been achieved by implementing website application programming interfaces (web APIs), providing programming-language−agnostic methods to access online resources. Web APIs enable dynamic data exchange between resources, augment websites with additional data, and can provide access to large data sets. Web APIs also enhance adherence to FAIR data principles by making data Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable [2], thus increasing the value of those resources. Representational state transfer (REST) [3] is a popular method for providing interoperability between a client and server [4] using the hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), the same building block as the world wide web, [5] and a common exchange format, e.g., JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) [6]. REST APIs are considered easier to develop than previous web-service standards, e.g., Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). However, REST specifies a set of requirements that any implementation of a REST API must address. Although well-known resources such as the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) (https://www.w3.org) and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) (https://www.ietf.org/) provide guidance on how to implement such a service, they can be difficult to understand and may have limited documentation. We present here 11 quick tips for creating and maintaining REST web APIs that were developed while implementing various web APIs (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/services) for European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI)’s data resources.

Dynamic Data Exchange in Distributed RDF Stores

When RDF datasets become too large to be managed by centralised systems, they are often distributed in a cluster of shared-nothing servers, and queries are answered using a distributed join algorithm. Although such solutions have been extensively studied in relational and RDF databases, we argue that existing approaches exhibit two drawbacks. First, they usually decide statically (i.e., at query compile time) how to shuffle the data, which can lead to missed opportunities for local computation. Second, they often materialise large intermediate relations whose size is determined by the entire dataset (and not the data stored in each server), so these relations can easily exceed the memory of individual servers. As a possible remedy, we present a novel distributed join algorithm for RDF. Our approach decides when to shuffle data dynamically , which ensures that query answers that can be wholly produced within a server involve only local computation. It also uses a novel flow control mechanism to ensure that every query can be answered even if each server has a bounded amount of memory that is much smaller than the intermediate relations. We complement our algorithm with a new query planning approach that balances the cost of communication against the cost of local processing at each server. Moreover, as in several existing approaches, we distribute RDF data using graph partitioning so as to maximise local computation, but we refine the partitioning algorithm to produce more balanced partitions. We show empirically that our techniques can outperform the state of the art by orders of magnitude in terms of query evaluation times, network communication, and memory use. In particular, bounding the memory use in individual servers can mean the difference between success and failure for answering queries with large answer sets.

Interoperable scenario simulation of land-use policy for Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, China

In land-use change studies, scenario simulations cannot be effectively realized because of Geographic Information System (GIS) temporal-spatial interoperability bottlenecks. Based on a previous temporal-spatial dynamics method (TSDM) established by the author, this study extended the previous model and proposed an extended TSDM (ETSDM): (1) The neighborhood of cellular automata (CA) model was extended to a “Square + Circle” neighborhood, making the neighborhood more realistic and improving the simulation accuracy to a certain extent. (2) To achieve dynamic data exchange between the CA model and GIS, the scenario simulation of temporal and spatial visual interoperability from a national planning scheme or spatial location delineation to planning implementation effects can be implemented. Based on land-use data for 1995, 2005, and 2013, the simulation accuracy of the ETSDM was verified and development patterns were predicted under the following scenarios. Scenario 1 used the independent Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei Province, and was designed as a blank control. Scenario 2 used the coordinated Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) development area. This area was projected in order to study the probable land-use patterns in temporal and spatial dimensions under the effects of national policy data. Scenario 3 added the Xiongan New Area on the basis of Scenario 2, which was used to explore the influences of sudden land-use policies on regional land-use patterns. The results indicate that: (1) A “Square + Circle” neighborhood details the type of neighborhood cells and has an approximately 1% accuracy improvement relative to the general neighborhood rules; (2) According to the interactive operation in the model, land-use graph-number changes in the specific target region under different land-use policies can be monitored; and (3) Under different development policies, the built-up land gross of Beijing will be conserved approximately 600 km2, along with the coordinated development of the BTH region and the establishment of the Xiongan New Area in 2030. At the same time, cropland conditions will be improved. A reason for the results may be that some of the non-capital functions will be transferred to Tianjin and Hebei Province under the national policies.

Design of Remote GPRS-based Gas Data Monitoring System

In order to solve the problem of remote data transmission of gas flowmeter, and realize unattended operation on the spot, an unattended remote monitoring system based on GPRS for gas data is designed in this paper. The slave computer of this system adopts embedded microprocessor to read data of gas flowmeter through rs-232 bus and transfers it to the host computer through DTU. In the host computer, the VB program dynamically binds the Winsock control to receive and parse data. By using dynamic data exchange, the Kingview configuration software realizes history trend curve, real time trend curve, alarm, print, web browsing and other functions.

Control system design and validation platform development for small pressurized water reactors (SPWR) by coupling an engineering simulator and MATLAB/Simulink

Significant progress has been made in the development of the small pressurized water reactors (SPWR). Unique characteristics of the SPWR deliver challenges to its control system design. In order to facilitate the control system design process and enhance its efficiency, it is important and necessary to establish a control system design and validation platform. Using shared memory technology, an engineering simulator coupled with MATLAB/Simulink is employed to achieve this objective. Shared memory is an efficient method to exchange data within programs. Dynamic data exchange and simulation time synchronization methods are particularly treated. To verify the platform, an SPWR with its control system is modeled using the platform and the simulator. Thermal-hydraulic modeling of the SPWR is carried out using Relap5, and its nodalization is introduced. The objectives of the control strategy are to maintain the average coolant temperature linearly varying with the reactor power and steam pressure constant. A preliminary SPWR control system is designed with proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers, and is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink associated with the engineering simulator. Subsequently, in order to evaluate the performance of the established simulation platform, transients of abrupt load changes and wide range load changes are simulated and simulation results are verified against those obtained from the engineering simulator alone. It is demonstrated that simulation results of both platforms are consistent with each other, which proves that the coupling of engineering simulator and MATLAB/Simulink is successful. Therefore, the established simulation platform can be committed to control system design and validation. Furthermore, it is revealed that the designed control strategy is able to regulate the process parameters such as coolant average temperature and steam pressure to the desired values.

Research and implementation of OPD algorithm for spatial gravitational wave telescope based on ZEMAX and Python sof twares

The optical design softwares ZEMAX and Python were used to realize the precision solution of optical path difference (OPD) for spatial gravitational wave telescope.The dynamic data exchange(DDE) closed-loop communication between ZEMAX and Python was realized. First, the Python software processed the data of telescope mirror after the finite element analysis, and transmitted the analysis results to the ZEMAX with DDE for tracing ray.Secondly, the ZEMAX software transferred the ray coordinate value to the Python software through the DDE. Lastly, the Python software calculated the OPD and wavefront changes caused by rigid body translation through the global coordinate system. Through simulating the deformation of the gravitational wave telescope with the temperature change of 1 mK, the OPD and wavefront variation of the spatial gravitational wave telescope was solved by means of ZEMAX software and Python software. The results show that the OPD precision reaches the order of 1e-13 meter, which can satisfy the requirements of telescope for pico-level stability.It is concluded that the method is feasible to calculate the OPD, and it provides a technical reference for the OPD analysis for the further mechanism design of the gravitational wave telescope.

Continuous-Mass-Model-Based Mechanicaland Electrical Co-Simulation of SSR and Its Application to a Practical Shaft Failure Event

To accurately evaluate the damage caused by subsynchronous resonance (SSR) to a turbo-generator shaft, we have developed a novel mechanical and electrical co-simulation method, wherein the continuous-mass-model-based mechanical system is simulated in a close-loop or coupled way with the electrical power system so that the detailed torque profile along the shaft can be obtained for further analysis of fatigue loss of life. Nonlinear mechanical damping is also modelled to reflect the torsional inter action more precisely. The co-simulation is implemented using commercial electromagnetic transient program and finite element analysis software. A special dynamic data exchange mechanism is designed to make it proceed very efficiently. As a case study, the proposed method has been applied for the root-cause analysis of a recent shaft failure incident in an India power plant. The extensive simulation results have fully demonstrated its effectiveness in acquiring fine-grained torques and its advantages over previous methods. Finally the direct cause of the shaft failure is identified to be the sustained torsional interaction (one type of SSR) between the turbo-generator and its connected series-compensated power system.