Dynamic Balance Ability Research Articles

The Associations between Physical Activity, Functional Fitness, and Life Satisfaction among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Previous studies showed physical activity had benefits for older adults’ life satisfaction, but the mechanism was unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether older adults with more physical activity had better functional fitness and life satisfaction, and whether functional fitness mediated the relationship between physical activity and life satisfaction. A cross-sectional study design was employed, and 623 older adults (73.71 ± 5.91 years) were recruited. Physical activity, functional fitness, life satisfaction, and demographic characteristics were collected. Compared with older adults with low physical activity, those with high (B = 0.41, p = 0.025) and moderate (B = 0.40, p = 0.041) physical activity had better life satisfaction; those with high physical activity had better lower limb muscle strength (B = 1.71, p = 0.001), upper (B = 2.91, p = 0.032) and lower (B = 3.12, p = 0.006) limb flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance (B = 6.65, p = 0.008), and dynamic balance ability (B = −1.12, p < 0.001). Functional fitness did not mediate the relationship between physical activity and life satisfaction. Promoting physical activity may be useful for increasing older adults’ functional fitness and life satisfaction, but the effects on functional fitness only occurred at a high level of physical activity, and the effect of physical activity on life satisfaction was not mediated by functional fitness.

8주간의 소도구 이용 근력운동이 고령 남성 농업인의 근력, 동적 평형성 및 보행 능력에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in muscle strength, dynamic balance, and gait ability of elderly male farmer by applying an hand-props exercise for 8 weeks. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups, exercise group(n=15), control group(n=16). Exercise was performed for 60min/day with three times for 8 weeks. Measurement variables were muscle strength(grip strength), muscle endurance(30sec chair stand), dynamic balance(3m tandem walking, 3m backward walking, and 3m up and go), and gait ability(4m walking speed, 10m walking, and, 400m walking). As a results of the study, there were significant difference in muscle strength(p&lt;.001) and muscle endurance(p&lt;.001). In the case of dynamic balance, it was significantly difference in time(p&lt;.01) and interaction(p&lt;.05) on tandem walking. And there was a significantly difference in time(p&lt;.01) on 3m up and go. There was no significant difference in 4m walking speed, however, in 10m walking(p&lt;.001) and 400m walking(p&lt;.001) were a significantly difference between time and group. In conclusion, hand-props exercise with elastic band and swiss ball for 8 weeks has significantly effect on the muscle strength, dynamic balance, and walking ability of elderly male farmer, therefore, it is considered an effective exercise method for improving the health of elderly male farmer.

한국무용 동작 프로그램이 여성 노인의 신체기능과 균형능력에 미치는 효과

In this study, 24 elderly women aged 65 and older were selected as study subjects and divided into two groups, 12 in the Korean dance program participant group and 12 in the control group. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a 12-week Korean dance movement program on the physical function and static and dynamic body balance abilities. In the changes found in Short Physical Performance Battery, regarding balance, the values in the semi-tandem position and the tandem position increased significantly (p<.001) after exercise in the participation group while the values in the tandem position were found to increase in the participation group compared to the control group. In the tests of gait speed and standing from a chair, the values in the participation group showed a significant (p<.001) increase after exercise and the values in the participation group increased significantly (p<.001) compared to the control group in gait speed. In the changes found in static and dynamic balance ability increased significantly (p<.05) after exercise in the participation group. Also, the values increased significantly (p<.001) compared to those in the control group in comparison between the groups. The values of static balance ability were also found to increase significantly (p<.001) after exercise in the participation group compared to the control group. As a result of the above conclusions, the Korean dance movement program applied in this study can be considered a positive exercise program model to help maintain healthy body, improve physical function and improve body balance ability for elderly women.

Effects of Visual Cue Deprivation Balance Training with Head Control on Balance and Gait Function in Stroke Patients.

Background and Objectives: Visual cue deprivation is the instability of head control is increased. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of visual cue deprivation balance training by applying head control feedback to the balance and gait ability of stroke patients. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 41 patients diagnosed with hemiplegia due to stroke. Subjects were randomly assigned to any of the following groups: the experimental group I, the experimental group II or the control group. The randomization method used a simple randomization method. To evaluate changes in balance function, a LOS (Limit of Stability) and a BBS (Berg Balance Scale) were performed. In addition, to evaluate changes in ST (stride time), SL (stride length), and cadence, a LEGSys were performed. Results: A two-way repeated ANOVA was conducted to analyze the differences between groups. There were significant differences between groups in all variables for the balance function. There were significant differences between groups in all variables for the balance function. There were significant differences between groups in SL and cadence for the gait function. Conclusions: Visual cue deprivation balance training applying head control feedback is effective in improving dynamic balance ability and cadence. It is necessary to constantly maintain the head orientation by feedback and to properly control the head movement.

The impact of age and maturation on physical performance capacities in emerging adolescent surfing athletes: An argument for off-water training

Surfing is a high intensity intermittent sport, rapidly increasing in popularity in recent years. Surfing athletes who possess holistic physical performance capabilities, for example; strength, power, dynamic balance and flexibility, are better able to respond to the dynamic and variable nature of competition. Talent identification (TID) and long-term athlete development (LTAD) processes must consider the physical capacities necessary for performance and the impact of maturation. This study aimed to identify the physical performance capacities of state level adolescent surfers and explore their association with age and maturation. Participants (13.68 ± 1.57 years, 159.54 ± 12.33 cm, 50.07 ± 12.25 kg) were recruited from the Surfing Western Australia (WA) High Performance Pathway (HPP). Athletes completed a TID testing battery including anthropometrics (height, sitting height, body mass, arm span, sum of 7 skinfolds), flexibility (sit and reach), lower body power (vertical and broad jump) and strength (isometric mid-thigh pull; IMTP), dynamic balance (time to stabilisation; TTS) and sensorimotor ability and stability (Athletic Ability Assessment; AAA). Findings demonstrated whilst many physical performance capacities improved with advanced age and maturation, relative lower body strength, dynamic balance and several components of the AAA did not. Further, physical performance capacities were similarly associated with both maturity and age, except total AAA, which was significantly associated with maturation but not age. In conclusion, these data highlight inefficiencies in the current physical preparation of emerging adolescent state-level surfing athletes and highlight the need for a more robust training programme to maximise athletic potential, including structured off-water training.

The Characteristic of Dynamic Balance Ability and Hip Flexibility in Soccer Players with a History of the Groin Pain: A Preliminary Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristic of hip flexibility and dynamic balance ability in the soccer players with the groin pain. The study consisted 17 male college soccer players. All participants were divided into the Groin Pain (GP) group and non-GP group, according to a history of the groin pain. Hip passive Range of Motion (ROM) test and the modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT) was conducted in all participants. The Mann–Whitney U test or Student’s t-test was selected to identify differences in hip ROMs and results of the mSEBT in kicking keg and supporting leg between groups. Hip abduction angle of kicking leg in the GS group were smaller than that in the non-GS group in the kicking leg (p &lt; 0.05). There were no differences in other hip ROMs between groups (p &gt; 0.05). There was no difference in results of the mSEBT between groups in both legs (p &gt; 0.05). Our results were newly revealed that soccer players with the groin pain had poor hip abduction range of motion in comparison with those without the groin pain. This finding suggested that a poor hip abductor range of motion may affect the kicking biomechanics in soccer players with the groin pain.

Reliability, validity, and minimal detectable change of the Step Test in patients with total knee arthroplasty.

Step Test (ST) is frequently used to assess dynamic balance and locomotor function in clinical practice. This study aimed to determine the concurrent validity, reliability, and minimal detectable change (MDC) of the ST in patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The study included 56 patients with TKA. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the test-retest reliability of the ST. The correlations of the ST with timed up and go (TUG) and 10-m walk test (10MWT) were assessed for concurrent validity. Test-retest (ICC 0.90) reliability of the ST was determined to be excellent. The SEM and MDC95 values of test-retest reliability were 0.76 and 2.11, respectively. A significantly moderate correlation was found between the ST and TUG (p < 0.05, r: - 0.69), and 10MWT (p < 0.05, r: - 0.67). The ST is a valid and reliable method in the assessment of dynamic balance ability and locomotor function in patients with TKA. The ST can be used to quantify changes in dynamic balance level and locomotor function in patients with TKA.

Foot arch height, toe flexor strength, and dynamic balance ability in collegiate female dancers and non-dancers.

[Purpose] To characterize the foot arch height, toe flexor strength, and dynamic balance ability of collegiate female dancers and age-matched non-dancers. [Participants and Methods] This study included 20 healthy college-aged female dancers (21.6 ± 0.8 years) and 20 age-matched females (19.7 ± 1.0 years) with no previous experience in sports as non-dancers. Foot arch height was determined by measuring the height of the navicular tuberosity in the standing position using a ruler. Toe flexor strength was measured while seated on a chair using a toe grip dynamometer. Dynamic balance ability was evaluated based on the reach distance measured using a professional Y-balance test kit. [Results] The collegiate dancers had higher foot arches, greater toe flexor strength, and longer Y-balance test reach distance than the non-dancers. [Conclusion] The foot arch height, toe flexor strength, and dynamic balance ability of collegiate female dancers were adapted through years of training and were superior to those of non-dancers.

A Comparison of Static and Dynamic Balance Ability between Fallers and Non-fallers in Japanese Older Women

A Comparison of Static and Dynamic Balance Ability between Fallers and Non-fallers in Japanese Older Women

Investigating the Effects of Spinning on Dynamic Balancing Ability in Hungarian Folk Dancers

Investigating the Effects of Spinning on Dynamic Balancing Ability in Hungarian Folk Dancers

Study on the correlation between lower limb joint muscle strength and balance ability among female college students in soccer

Abstract To study the correlation between lower limb joint muscle strength at different angular velocities and dynamic balance among college students in soccer. Methods: 30 college students from Zunyi Medical University had a regular football training more than 16 weeks. The ISO-MED2000 was used to test the peak flexion and extension torque of the hip, knee and ankle at different angular velocities, and the Y-Balance Test was used to test the dynamic balance of lower extremities. Results: The relative peak of hip flexion and extension was associated well with balance ability at an angular velocity of 180°/ s; the relative peak torque of flexion and extension of the knee was well correlated with the balance ability at 30°/ s and 180°/ s (P>0.01); the ankle flexion was well correlated with balance ability at 30°/ s and 90°/ s(P>0.01). Conclusions: Muscular strength of lower extremities play different effects on dynamic balance ability at different velocity.

Association between static and dynamic balance ability in community-dwelling older female adults

Association between static and dynamic balance ability in community-dwelling older female adults

POSC337 Efficiency of Using Franklin Balls Among Equestrians - Controlled Study

The aim of the study was to develop a three-month exercise program using Franklin balls first time in Hungary riders to significantly improve their static and dynamic balancing ability and lumbar motor control ability among 15-45-year-old equestrians.

Retracted] Athletes’ Ankle Injury Features and Rehabilitation Methods Based on Internet Big Data

With the development of science and technology and the improvement of living standards, people are paying more and more attention to sports and health. However, the foot joints are very important joints in the human body and are one of the most vulnerable parts in sports. Foot joint sprain is a common clinical disease in orthopedics, accounting for the first place of joint ligament sprain. If the treatment is not timely or appropriate, it often leaves pain and joint instability, followed by osteoarthritis. The rate of repeated injuries after the first injury is very high. Due to the rapid development of visual sensing technology, computer technology, and image processing technology, Internet big data has been widely used in food, medical treatment, construction, chemical industry, electronics, packaging, automobile, and other fields. This article mainly studies the characteristics and rehabilitation methods of athletes’ ankle injuries based on Internet big data. Based on Internet big data, this paper studies the function and structural stability of the foot joints and analyzes the causes of gymnast foot joint injuries. On this basis, this paper puts forward the treatment method of ankle joint injury. In this paper, 20 male competitive bodybuilders with ankle joint injury on one side were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group received proprioception recovery training, and the control group received normal functional recovery training. Experimental results show that the proprioception training of foot joint can improve the dynamic balance ability of gymnasts and effectively prevent the occurrence of foot joint injury. In this paper, the stability of the anterior and posterior foot joints was measured by comparing the control group with the experimental group. After 6 weeks of proprioception training, there was no significant difference between the static balance ability of one foot and the healthy part of the injured side foot joints (P &gt; 0.05).

Walking meditation versus balance training for improving balance abilities among older adults with history of fall: A randomized controlled trial

Objective To investigate improvement in balance abilities compared between walking meditation and balance training among older adults with history of fall. Interventions Walking meditation or mindfulness meditation whilst standing and moving (n = 35) or balance training (n = 33) 20–30 min/day, 5–7 days/week for 24 weeks was performed at home. Main outcomes The primary outcomes were dynamic balance abilities as assessed by Timed Up and Go test (TUGT), and static balance as assessed by Functional Reach Test (FRT) and Single Leg Stance Test (SLST). The secondary outcomes were quality of life as measured by the EuroQOL 5-dimensions 5-levels (EQ-5D-5L), and mental health as evaluated by the Thai Geriatric Mental Health Assessment Tool-15 (TGMHA-15). All outcomes were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 9 months. Self-reported compliance, adverse events, and patient satisfaction were recorded at 6 and 9 months. Results The mean age was 69 years (range: 60–85). No significant difference was observed between groups for the 3 primary outcome measures. The mean difference (95% confidence interval) between groups was −0.48 (-1.40, 0.44) for TUGT, −1.11 (-3.66, 1.45) for FRT, and 0.82 (-5.03, 6.67) for SLST. The EQ-5D-5L and TGMHA-15 also showed no significant difference between groups. Most participants were in good compliance with the exercise protocol (48.3–68.0%), and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion Our results showed walking meditation to be comparable to balance training for improving balance abilities in older adults with history of fall. Walking meditation may be considered an alternative treatment for improving balance abilities in this patient population.

The Effect of Toe-grasping Exercises on Balance Ability in Home-based Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Block Randomization.

The purpose of the study was to clarify the causal effect of toe-grasping exercises on the improvement of static or dynamic balance ability in home-based rehabilitation users. Our study included 34 subjects who met the criteria and were evaluable out of 98 rehabilitation service users at home nursing stations. This study was a randomized controlled trial. The intervention group performed towel gathering exercises in addition to the regular home-based rehabilitation program. The primary outcome was one-leg standing time, and the secondary outcomes were two-step test and toe grip strength. Seventeen subjects were assigned to the intervention group and seventeen to the control group by block randomization. Data from 15 and 12 subjects in the intervention group and control group, respectively, who were able to complete the initial evaluation and the evaluation after 3 months, were analyzed. We compared the amount of change after 3 months of evaluation in the intervention group with the change in the control group. The results showed that the left/right mean value of oneleg standing time in the intervention group was significantly greater than that in the control group. In terms of the amount of change in the intervention period (T2-T1) within each assessment, there were significant improvements in both the toe-grip strength and the two-step values in the intervention group. We found that toe-grasping exercises could improve the balance ability of home-based rehabilitation users. This suggests the clinical significance of toe function in rehabilitation programs.

Differences between Tempos of Step Error and Postural Sway in the Stipulated Tempo Step Test for Children and Their Relationships

Recently, to evaluate dynamic balance ability, a stipulated tempo step test has been developed, and a step error between tempo and contact time of feet has been used as an evaluation variable. The step error, postural sway, and their relationships may differ between the slow tempo (40 bpm) and fast tempo (120 bpm). This study aimed to examine the aforementioned problem with 62 participant children (30 boys and 32 girls). The step error and postural sway variables (X-axis path length, Y-axis path length, total path length, peripheral area, and rectangular area) during stepping while matching both tempos were measured. Means of one minute and three intervals (0–20 sec, 20–40 sec, and 40–60 sec) for each variable were calculated in both tempos. The results of the paired t-test showed that means of all variables were larger in the 40 bpm tempo than in the 120 bpm tempo. In the multiple comparison tests after the results of the two-way repeated measures ANOVA, the means of three intervals in all variables were larger in the 40 bpm tempo than in the 120 bpm tempo; the means of the sway variables, excluding that of the X-axis path length, in the 40 bpm tempo were larger in the 0–20 sec interval than in the 20–40 sec interval or the 40–60 sec interval. Correlations between step errors and those between the step error and sway variables of both tempos were insignificant or under moderation. The correlations between the step error and sway variables in both tempos were insignificant or significant but low, and those among sway variables were high, except between the X- and Y-axis path lengths. The relationship between both axis path lengths differed according to the tempo. In conclusion, in the case of the stipulated tempo step test targeting children, the slow tempo has a greater step error and postural sway than the fast tempo, and the sway in the early step stage is greater in the slow tempo. The relationships between step errors and between the step error and sway variables of both tempos are low; hence, the ability related to the test may differ in both tempos. The relationships among sway variables in both tempos are high, except between the X- and Y-axis path lengths.

Hip Flexibility and Dynamic Balance Ability in Soccer Players with Functional Ankle Instability

The prevention of recurrent ankle sprain and functional ankle instability in soccer players is essential. This study clarified hip joint mobility and dynamic balance ability in soccer players with functional ankle instability. This case–control study included 17 male college soccer players. All participants were assessed using the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool and were divided into chronic ankle instability (CAI) and non-CAI groups for each of their dominant and nondominant legs. Bilateral passive hip range of motion (ROM) was assessed and the modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT) was measured for each leg. In the dominant leg, the reach in the posterolateral direction in the CAI group was significantly less than that in the non-CAI group. Hip internal rotation angles in the dominant leg in the CAI group were greater than those in the non-CAI group; however, no significant correlations with the three directions of mSEBT were observed. In the nondominant leg, mSEBT and hip ROMs did not show any significant differences between groups. The dominant leg in soccer players with CAI had poor dynamic balance ability while reaching posterolaterally. However, acquiring hip flexibility may not be necessary to improve the dynamic balance ability. These findings may help develop future research.

Examining the effects of upper extremity function and arm sling type on balance, gait and fall risk in patients with hemiparesis

Background/aims Previous studies have reported conflicting results on the effects of arm slings on the balance and gait of patients with hemiparesis. These previous studies did not consider the ability to control the upper extremity on the affected side as a factor that could affect the patient's balance or gait when an arm sling was applied. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of upper extremity function in the affected side and arm position according to the sling type on balance, gait and fall. Methods A total of 31 stroke patients participated in the study and were assigned to two groups according to upper extremity function (low-score group and high-score group). Under three conditions (no sling, forearm sling and shoulder sling), a fall risk test, postural stability test and limits of stability test were performed and speed, stride duration, step length and total time were measured. Results When the high-score group wore forearm slings, the static and dynamic balance ability decreased and the fall risk increased. When the low-score group wore forearm slings and shoulder slings, the static and dynamic balance ability increased and the fall risk decreased. The high-score group had a shorter gait time when wearing shoulder slings. When the low-score group wore forearm slings, the speed and step length increased and the total time decreased, enhancing the overall gait ability. Conclusions For stroke patients with better upper extremity control ability, shoulder slings are more appropriate. For patients with poor upper extremity control ability, forearm slings are more appropriate. Using the appropriate sling according to the upper extremity function can improve balance and gait ability and fall risk can be reduced.

Effects of Short-Term Dynamic Balance Training on Postural Stability in School-Aged Football Players and Gymnasts.

Static and dynamic balance abilities enable simple and complex movements and are determinants of top athletic performance. Balance abilities and their proficiency differ fundamentally with respect to age, gender, type of balance intervention, and type of sport. With this study, we aim to investigate whether 4weeks of dynamic balance training (DBT) improves static balance performance in school-aged gymnasts and football players. For this purpose, young male gymnasts (n=21) and male football players (n=20) completed an initial static balance assessment consisting of two one-legged stance (left and right foot) and two two-legged stance (eyes open and eyes closed) tasks. Subsequently, all participants underwent a 4-week intervention. DBT consisting of nine individual tasks was performed two times per week. Another static balance assessment followed 1day after the last training session and retention was assessed 2weeks later. Dynamic balance scores and total path length were analyzed via rank-based repeated measures designs using ANOVA-type statistics. The influence of factors GROUP and TIME on the static and dynamic balance performance was examined. Prior to DBT, young gymnasts showed better static balance performance than football players. However, after intervention, both groups improved in both one-legged stance tasks and also had high retention rates in these tasks. No significant improvements were seen in either group in the two-legged balance tests. Both groups improved in the dynamic balance tasks, although no differences in learning rates were evident. Our findings imply an inter-relationship between both static and dynamic balance components. Consequently, training regimes should include both balance components to facilitate early development of balance ability.