Dyed Silk Fabrics Research Articles

Dyeing of silk fabric with eco-friendly natural dye obtained from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis using single mordants

The silk fabric was dyed with natural dyes obtained from the flower of Nyctanthes arbortristis. The fastness properties and colour strength of dyed silk fabric was determined, compared and tabulated. From the comparative study of fastness properties and colour strength of the dyed silk samples, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis.in simultaneous mordanting method with 3% mordant combination gives better results.

Investigation of Thermal and Structure Properties of Silk Dyed with a Natural Dye

The present work aimed to dye silk fabric with natural dye extracted from the Artemisia Herba Alba plant from its leaves on pure silk dyeing fabrics with different dyeing conditions such as time, temperature, and pH value in the presence of Alum as a mordant, which had given different colors and shades to promote the use of natural silk fiber. Optimum results were obtained. Silk fabric was dyed using pH 5 for 45 minutes at temperature 80oC and 1:40 liquor ratio. Finally, the dyed mordant samples were thoroughly washed and dried at ambient conditions. The results obtained us successfully characterized dyed silk fabric by studying with a Fourier Transform Infrared thermogravimetric (TGA) properties, (FTIR) analysis technique, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Improvement in the dyeing process may have been attributed to the improvement in the molecular structure of the chemical bonds in silk fabrics. This work gives an opportunity to use a new traditional natural dye that meets the future environmental technology that exhibited fantastic dyed patterns of high quality.

Enhancement of natural dyeing properties and UV resistance of silk fibers modified by phenylboronic acid/hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin functionalized Fe3O4 particle

AbstractSilk fabrics with improved UV protection and natural dyeability were prepared by in‐situ deposition method, using 4‐carboxylphenylboronic acid (4‐CPBA) functionalized 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (HP‐β‐CD) covered magnetic Fe3O4 particles. The as‐prepared silk fabrics were characterized by FT‐IR, XRD, XPS, TG‐DSC, and SEM techniques. The ultraviolet resistance and dyeing properties with grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) for silk fabrics under different dyeing conditions was discussed in detail. The results showed that the phenylboronic acid functionalized HP‐β‐CD covered Fe3O4 particle was deposited on the surface of silk fiber, enhancing the adsorption and fixation of GSPE, even in weak alkaline dyebath. PBA/HP‐β‐CD/Fe3O4 modified silk fiber surface exhibited the higher color strength (K/S) and UV protection factor (UPF) than those of untreated silk fabrics under different dyeing conditions due to specific recognition and adsorption of cis‐diol‐containing GSPE dyes. Moreover, modified silk fabric possessed good color fastness after 20 times of washing circles. This study is expected to provide a promising approach to achieve functional protection and dyeing of silk fabrics.

Study of Fastness, UV Protection, Deodorization and Antimicrobial Properties of Silk Fabrics Dyed with the Liquids Extracted from the Gallnuts, Areca Nuts, and Pomegranate Peels

The purpose of this research is to study the fastness, UV-protection, deodorization, and antimicrobial properties of silk fabrics dyed with liquids extracted from the gallnuts, areca nuts, and pomegranate peels. Among dyeing fastness of dyed silk fabrics, light and dry cleaning fastness wass 3-5 grade. The dyed silk fabrics in wavelenght range of 290-400 appeared UV protection. Deodorization activity of dyed silk fabrics appeared over 99%. The dyed silk fabrics showed high antibacterial activity of 99.9% agains Staphylococcus aerus and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
 
 Keywords: deodorization, UV-protection, gallnuts, areca nuts, and pomegranate peels

Dyeing of Silk Fabric with Natural Wall Nut Tree Wood Dye and Its Ultraviolet Protection Properties

ABSTRACT Maintaining color fastness and endow functionality of the fabrics dyed with natural colorants had been the major constraint of natural dye in modern textile practices. In this work, a natural dye was extracted from wall nut tree wood. The dye solution extracted from wall nut tree wood showed excellent thermal stability until 100°C. The structure and functional groups of the extracted dye were investigated by FTIR. The optimum dyeing process was performed at a pH about 4.5 at 90°C for 60 min. In this experiment, three different mordants were used to make silk fabrics show different colors and can improve the color fastness of wall nut tree wood. Finally, the color fastness of wall nut tree wood dye can be further improved by using a dye-fixing agent, and solve the problem of poor color fastness of natural dyes. The dye-fixing agent formed a protective film on the surface of the dyed silk fabrics. The protective film reduced the water solubility of the wall nut tree wood dye, thereby improving the color fastness of the dyed silk fabrics. The best washing fastness reached grade 3–4, and the sunlight fastness reached grade 4. The natural wall nut tree wood dye also showed excellent UV protection properties, and the UPF value of the dyed fabric was 50 + . The wall nut tree wood was expected to become a functional natural dye in the future.

Study on the mechanism of laccase-catalyzed polydopamine rapid dyeing and modification of silk.

Research on the polymerization of dopamine and its modification on the surface of materials has received extensive attention. In this work, the process of laccase catalyzing the rapid polymerization of dopamine and in situ dyeing of silk fabric were studied. The results showed that laccase catalyzed dyeing for 3 h under acidic conditions could achieve the dyeing effect of 24 h under an alkaline environment, and the enzyme catalyzed polydopamine showed better deposition uniformity on the substrate surface. According to molecular simulation analysis, dopamine oligomers were easily combined with the amorphous regions of silk fibroin, and dopamine oligomers and amino acids of silk fibroin could form hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking interactions. Dopamine oligomers could form intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds through amino groups and hydroxyl groups. In addition, dopamine oligomers would aggregate in the process of binding to silk fibroin and adsorbed to the surface of silk fibroin in the form of aggregates, and Michael addition reaction would also occur between dopamine oligomers and silk fibroin. Finally, the silk fabrics loaded with polydopamine were reacted with different kinds of metal salt solutions to form particles with different morphologies and crystal structures on the surface of the silk fibers, and the modified silk fabrics showed good hydrophobicity.

Agricultural waste of Ipomoea batatas leaves as a source of natural dye for green coloration and bio-functional finishing for textile fabrics

Agricultural wastes are precious biomass resources that have been misplaced. This work aims to verify the usability of Ipomoea batatas leaves for simultaneous dyeing and functional finishing (anti-bacterial and anti-ultraviolet) of textile fabrics without the use of inorganic salts and metal mordants for the cleaner production of environmentally friendly value-added products. The optimal extraction conditions for natural dye were investigated by the single-factor analysis as ethanol/water (6:4) mixed solvent system with a material-liquid ratio of 1:10, a temperature of 90 ℃, a time of 1.5 h, and a pH value of 7. The adsorption kinetics study showed that the adsorption behavior of the natural dye on silk fabric was more consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. Meanwhile, the natural dye extracted from Ipomoea batatas leaves could be used for simultaneous salt-free dyeing and functional finishing of silk fabric and other fiber types with good color fastness, antibacterial properties and UV resistance with some durability, and the color strength in the order of wool, nylon, cotton, silk and polyester fabric. The outcome of this study can provide a possibility for the application of agricultural wastes in textile eco-dyeing and finishing, as well as the value-added management of green wastes.

Actinomycin X2, an Antimicrobial Depsipeptide from Marine-Derived Streptomyces cyaneofuscatus Applied as a Good Natural Dye for Silk Fabric.

Actinomycins as clinical medicine have been extensively studied, while few investigations were conducted to discover the feasibility of actinomycins as antimicrobial natural dye contributing to the medical value of the functional fabrics. This study was focused on the application of actinomycin X2 (Ac.X2), a peptide pigment cultured from marine-derived Streptomyces cyaneofuscatus, in the dyeing and finishing of silk fabric. The dyeing potential of Ac.X2 with silk vs. cotton fabrics was assessed. As a result, the silk fabric exhibited greater uptake and color fastness with Ac.X2. Through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, some changes of chemical property for the dyed fabric and Ac.X2 were studied. The silk fabric dyed with Ac.X2 exhibited good UV protection ability. The antibacterial properties of dyed and finished silk were also evaluated, which exhibited over 90% antibacterial activity even after 20 washing cycles. In addition, the brine shrimp assay was conducted to evaluate the general toxicity of the tested fabric, and the results indicated that the dyed silk fabrics had a good biological safety property.

Dyeing of Silk Fabric Using Natural Dye Extracted from Sargentodoxa Cuneata and Its Ultraviolet Resistant Property

ABSTRACT In this research, Chinese herb Sargentodoxa cuneata was investigated as a natural dyestuff to give novel ultraviolet resistance to silk fabrics. The colorant was prepared using sodium hydroxide as extraction solvent, and the properties of the colorant were characterized using fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and UV-vis spectrophotometric. The functionalized silk fabric was obtained by a typical dyeing process using the prepared Sargentodoxa cuneata extraction (SCE). The effects of dyeing pH, temperature, and time on dyeing properties of silk fabric were investigated. The dyed silk fabric showed excellent UV protection property as well as excellent washing durability. This investigation provides a useful strategy to develop a new class of Chinese herbs with valuable use and silk materials with functional performance.

Excellent Dyeing Properties of a Natural Dye Extracted from the Leaves of Phoenix dactylifera Linn on Cotton and Silk Fabrics

ABSTRACT There has been recently a worldwide interest in the production and application of natural dyes due to the growing awareness about cleaner surroundings and healthy lifestyle. The new sources of natural dyes increase the scope of textile dying with eco-friendly dyes and able to alleviate the adverse effects in this sector. Reported here is a new natural dye that was extracted from the leaves of date palm using simple aqueous extraction process. The natural dye extract obtained from date leaves was used in dyeing of cotton and silk fabrics with different mordants by applying different mordanting techniques and the properties of the dyed fabrics were evaluated by their color strengths and fastness properties. A reddish shade was observed when used the dye extract only; however, a variety of shades were achieved when different mordants and mordanting technique were used. In most of the cases, impressive color strengths and fastness properties were observed for dyed fabrics. These results are very attractive from a practical point of view for eco-friendly dying.

Horseradish Peroxidase-catalyzed “Template” Polymerization of Gallic Acid for the Functionalization of Silk Fabrics

ABSTRACT Gallic acid was synthesized using a new approach and arranged on three kind of templates (PEG, PEGMDE, Pluronic F68) using an horseradish peroxide (HRP)-catalyzed oxidative polymerization. The polymerization mechanism was investigated in detail using UV-Vis, FT-IR and HPLC-ESI-MS. In addition, the wettability, thermal properties and anti-UV activity of their corresponding dyed silk fabrics were investigated. The results confirmed that during the catalysis of gallic acid by HRP, the templates promoted the enzymatic polymerization in terms of the amount of poly(gallic acid) produced and the degree of polymerization. In addition, the template-treated silk fabrics exhibited enhanced wettability, anti-UV activity and color fastness than fabric treated with poly(gallic acid) in the absence of the templates. Upon analyzing the color depth, the K/S value of the silk fabrics dyed using the templates was significantly higher than that in the absence of the templates. The silk fabric dyed in the presence of templates showed higher fastness in all of the color fastness tests. This may expand the application range of natural phenols for textile dyeing and functionalization, and provide new outlooks for the environmentally friendly production of natural functional fabric.

The Influence of pH, Temperature and Time on Dyeing of Silk Fabric by Black Bean Anthocyanin-rich Extract as Colorant

Anthocyanins are natural dye substances that provide attractive colors from red to blue. However, large quantities of Anthocyanins have been found in wastewater from soaked black beans, resulting in environmental pollution. The utilization of theses wastewaters would therefore be an effective way of reducing environmental pollution, and the water could be used to dye silk fabric, displaying a more sustainable use of resources. In this paper, the effects of pH, temperature and time for dyeing of silk fabric were investigated. It was found that the optimum dyeing conditions were pH 3 at 60 oC for 60 min to achieve the best colors and the most effective color fastness on silk. Moreover, Anthocyanins were the potential to reduce 80% gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. These results improved our understanding of dyeing conditions using Anthocyanins in the wastewater from soaked black beans, which plays an important role in reducing pollution, reducing costs and improving the quality of the related dyeing fabric families.

Standardization and utilization of Himalayan nettle (Girardinia diversifolia) roots for the dyeing of silk fabric

The nature is abode to numerous plants, animal and mineral resources that offersustainable alternative to chemicalsused in textile dyeing. In this paper an effort has been made to utilize the roots of Himalayan nettle plant for fabric dyeing which grows abundantly in-the higher altitude of Uttarakhand as a weed plant. The extraction and dyeing variables were optimized for application on silk fabric on the basis of colour strength and wash fastness rating. Dye extraction carried out in aqueous medium at simmering temperature for 1.5 hoursresulted in better colour depth and washing fastness. Similarly, dyeing of silk at 90ºC for 90 minutes using 3 gm per 100 ml powdered dye material yielded better dyed samples in terms of colour strength and wash fastness. The obtained dye recipe is easy to be used by dyeing units at minimal cost since no chemicals are added during dyeing and raw material can be collected from pastures, around croplands and nearby forest areas.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of natural dye from Swietenia mahagoni and its application on silk fabric

The current study deals with the extraction of natural dyes from the flower of the Sweitenia mahagoni plant by ultrasound-assisted extraction method using ethanol as solvent. Box-Behnken design has been employed to optimize and investigate the effect of three independent variables (sample-solvent ratio, sonication time and extraction temperature) on the natural dye yield. The results reveal that the experimental data are fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis with high coefficient of determination value (R2> 0.98, Adj. R² >0.96 & Pred. R² >0.81). Optimal extraction conditions for the dyes yield are: sample-solvent ratio 1/20 g/mL, sonication time 30 min and extraction temperature 50°C. Under these conditions, the highest dyes yield is predicted to be 0.855%. FTIR spectroscopy has been used to identify the major chemical group in the extracted dye. Further, dyeing of silk fabric has been carried out by an exhausted dyeing method and the dyeing property and fastness properties of the dyed samples are also assessed.

Evaluation of Cellulosic and Protein Fibers for Coloring and Functional Finishing Properties Using Simultaneous Method with Eucalyptus Bark Extract as a Natural Dye

Aqueous extract of Eucalyptus globulus L. bark is used for simultaneous dyeing and finishing of cotton, silk, wool, and eri silk fabrics in the absence of inorganic salts or mordants for producing value-added environment-friendly products. All the fabrics have an affinity towards the colorants obtained from this bark. The phytochemical studies reveal the presence of bioactive compounds, i.e. saponin, phenols, tannin, flavonoids, terpenoids, and glycosides in the bark. The protein fabrics dyed with this extract exhibit improved color fastness to washing and light as compared to cotton. A positive value of both a* and b* indicates the color of all the fabrics dyed with this bark is reddish-yellow. K/S values of all the dyed fabrics are improved with the increase in dye bath concentration from 100 g/l to 200 g/l for all the fabrics dyed with these colorants. The calculated average particle size and zeta potential value of the aqueous extract is ∼535 nm and −22.4 mV, respectively. All the dyed fabrics show an excellent result in terms of resistance against S. aureus and E. coli at 200 g/l dye concentration. Eucalyptus bark at 200 g/l dye bath concentration results in maximum UPF value for cotton, eri silk, and wool fabrics.

Solvent Assisted Dyeing of Silk Fabric Using Deep Eutectic Solvent as a Swelling Agent

Solvent assisted dyeing of silk fabric was studied with the aim to increase color strength of silk fabric with the help of green, eco-friendly deep eutectic solvent (DES), which act as a swelling agent. The use of a DES in solvent assisted silk dyeing showed favorable results. Silk yarns showed better swelling properties in the DES than water. Process parameters such as temperature, time, and concentration of DES were optimized with the help of a design expert software. Lack of fit F-value and P-value of the ANOVA shows that the model is significant. Optimized solvent assisted silk dyeing was carried out with acid dye and found to be better than that of conventional dyeing in aqueous medium. DES assisted dyed silk fabric showed desired color strength at 60 °C for 37 min, which is 10 °C and 5–10 min lesser than the conventional dyeing of silk fabric. The percentage exhaustion of DES assisted dye bath was calculated and found to be good. DES assisted dyed silk fabric showed wash, light, and rubbing fastness properties comparable to conventional aqueous dyed silk fabric.

A natural dye extract from lotus seedpod for dyeability and functional property of tussah silk fabric

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the dyeability of tussah silk fabric with lotus seedpod extract as the source of nontoxic and eco-friendly dyestuffs and functional agent.Design/methodology/approachMordant free dyeing method was carried out using citric acid (CA) as the cross-linking agent to link the fibre and dye molecules. First, the natural pigment of oligomeric procyanidins was extracted from the lotus seedpod and then used to dye the tussah silk fabric. After the dyeing process, the dyed samples were treated with CA solution under different concentrations to improve the colour fastness.FindingsThe tussah silk fabric was successfully coloured in reddish brown through the dyeing process and charactered by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy spectrometer. Moreover, lotus seedpod extract could impart excellent UV protection ability to the dyed samples, and UPF values reached up to 2000. CA dosage influenced the colour characteristics, UV protection and anti-wrinkling performance. The optimum dosage of CA was 7% (Wt.%). In addition, dyed silk fabric showed good antibacterial activity and the calculated bacteriostatic rate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 83.27 and 60.2%, respectively.Practical implicationsThis bio-dyeing strategy provided a simple and effective method for sustainable tussah silk fabric dyeing process.Originality/valueThis paper provides a novel dyeing strategy for mordant free dyeing and functionalization of tussah silk fabric, with lotus seedpod extract as natural pigment and CA as cross-linking agent to link the fibre and dye molecules.

Study on the Extraction of Colorant from Areca Nut and Employing it in Dyeing Silk Fabric

The effect of parameters on the extraction process of colorant from areca nut and the application of extracted colorant in dyeing silk fabrics has been studied. The optimum dye extraction conditions are obtained: 10 grams of areca nut / 100 mL of water, pH = 10, extraction temperature 90°C, extraction time 120 minutes. Areca nut extract is a natural dye for dyeing silk fabrics under conditions of 90 minutes dyeing time, 80°C dyeing temperature. In this study, aluminium sulphate was used as a mordant. The dyeing properties were evaluated by CIELAB. The areca nut dyes provide a reddish brown shade on the fabric. The color fastness to washing, perspiration and rubbing of the dyed fabric was in good level. The dyed silk fabric has no formaldehyde and azo-amine compounds.

Adsorption-Kinetic Studies of Mordant Exhaust Dyeing of Cotton and Silk Fabrics with Dye Extract of M. lucida Plant Species

ABSTRACT The kinetics and adsorption isotherms of the extremely slow traditional natural exhaust dyeing that takes many hours or days have been studied purposely to find means of improving the process. The dyeing of cotton and silk fabrics using dye extract of M. lucida at 50 °C were elucidated with graphs to predict the reaction orders and identify the appropriate adsorption isotherm model(s). Since the dye is UV active, changes in UV absorbance were used in place of changes in concentrations. The simultaneous and post mordanting methods followed pseudo-second-order reactions, hence chemisorption. However, mordant application to the dyed fabrics during post mordant followed a pseudo-first-order model, largely physisorption. Dyeing has followed Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models with linear correlation r2 ranging between 1 and 0.998. From the Freundlich model and values of Langmuir constant RL (0.9307 to 1.0), the process is homogeneous, forming a favourable and linear monolayer. Accordingly, the dyeing speed can be improved by increasing the concentration of dye liquor. Additionally, according to the Freundlich model, higher dye intensity on fabrics is recorded in post mordanting. Keywords: adsorption isotherms, equilibrium, exhaust dyeing, mordant, rate law

Environmental friendly application of ultrasonic rays for extraction of natural colorant from Harmal (P. harmala) for dyeing of bio-mordanted silk

Global heat, carcinogenic, and viral diseases created due to industrial pollutants has led people to shift toward natural products particularly natural dyes in all walks of life. In this study, U.S. rays up-to 60 min, were used to extract the color in aqueous medium and employed onto silk fabric at selected conditions. It has been observed that good color strength has been found when 30 mL of acidic extract ( pH = 4.0) obtained from 6.0 g of Harmal powder containing 3.0 g/100 mL of salt as an exhausting agent was employed onto the US treated silk at 65ºC for 55 min. The utilization of the extract obtained from 7% of pomegranate as post-bio-mordant, 3% of acacia extract as meta-bio-mordant, and 7% of henna extract as meta-bio-mordants has given excellent color strength. In comparison, 5% of Al salt as meta mordant, 5% of Fe salt as pre mordant, and 7% of tannic acid as meta-mordant has given better results. ISO standard methods for fastness employed onto optimum mordanted dyed fabrics have given well to excellent fastness ratings. Hence, natural colorant extracted from Harmal seeds has excellent coloring efficacy to dye silk fabric under sustainable conditions, whereas the addition of eco-friendly mordants for shade development process has made the coloration of silk more sustainable with improved colorfastness properties.