Dye-binding Capacity Research Articles

Conformation-Specific Association of Prion Protein Amyloid Aggregates with Tau Protein Monomers.

Protein aggregation into amyloid fibrils is associated with several amyloidoses, including neurodegenerative Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Despite years of research and numerous studies, the process is still not fully understood, which significantly impedes the search for cures of amyloid-related disorders. Recently, there has been an increase in reports of amyloidogenic protein cross-interactions during the fibril formation process, which further complicates the already intricate process of amyloid aggregation. One of these reports displayed an interaction involving Tau and prion proteins, which prompted a need for further investigation into the matter. In this work, we generated five populations of conformationally distinct prion protein amyloid fibrils and examined their interaction with Tau proteins. We observed that there was a conformation-specific association between Tau monomers and prion protein fibrils, which increased the aggregate self-association and amyloidophilic dye binding capacity. We also determined that the interaction did not induce the formation of Tau protein amyloid aggregates, but rather caused their electrostatic adsorption to the prion protein fibril surface.

Facile fabrication of composite cellulose fibrous materials for efficient and consecutive dyeing wastewater treatment.

Fabricating dye adsorbents with efficient adsorption properties is of great significance in the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater. Herein, composite materials of polydopamine decorated cellulose fibrous nonwovens (PDA@CF NWs) were fabricated by constructing a PDA functional layer on the surface of cellulose fibers via in situ polymerization. In addition, a three-dimensional adsorbent of 3D PDA@CF NWs with good hydrophilicity, structural stability, and compression resistance could be obtained using a facilely laminating and traditional loop bonding reinforcing technique. Attributed to the efficient and uniform loading of an active PDA functional layer, the resulting PDA@CF NWs exhibited a relatively large adsorption capacity of around 91 mg g−1 towards the template dye of methylene blue within a fast equilibrium time of 2 h, which was superior to most of the fibrous adsorbents. In addition, the treatment column of 3D PDA@CF NWs exhibited a breakthrough capacity of 40.9 mg g−1, reaching nearly 50% of the static saturated dye-binding capacity. More importantly, the 3D PDA@CF NWs column could effectively and continuously separate the mixture of different dyes under gravity, highlighting an excellent practical performance. Thus, the PDA@CF NWs are expected to provide a promising candidate for environment-friendly, large-scale and efficient treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater.

Highly porous lignin composites for dye removal in batch and continuous-flow systems

This work aimed at developing a highly porous polymeric lignin composite and to evaluate its adsorptive properties in batch and continuous experiments. Lignin has a strong dye-binding capacity due to its abundant phenolic and carboxyl groups, presenting a removal efficiency of 77% and an adsorption capacity of 8.1 mg/g. The novelty of this work was to develop a suitable lignin composite, with a dye removal efficiency of 80% achieved in batch using a 40% lignin composite (C0 = 40 mg/L and sorbent loading of 50 g/L). The continuous-flow operation was successfully carried out in a fixed-bed column operating at 3.0 mL/min and C0 = 40 mg/L with removal of 0.55 mg/g of lignin, which is promising in terms of generating added-value applications for lignin.

Adsorption removal of anionic dyes from aqueous solutions by chitosan nanoparticles deposited on the fibrous carrier

The synthesis, characterization and environmental application of chitosan based material stable in acidic media for adsorption of anionic dyes were investigated. The adsorption material is chitosan nanoparticles immobilized on a fibrous carrier (CPF). The choice of optimal conditions for the preparation of chitosan particles and their immobilization on a chemically activated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber is justified. Immobilized nanoparticles showed high adsorption rates and dye binding capacity (300–1050 mg g−1) depending on the dye type. Anionic phthalocyanine dyes having different molecular sizes, different nature and number of anionic groups were used as model adsorbates. The experimental isotherm data and a linear correlation coefficients (rL2 > 0.99) have shown that the dyes adsorption on CPF is best predicted by the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption rate has been found to conform to pseudo-second-order kinetics with a good correlation (R2 > 0.99) with intra-particle diffusion as one of the rate determining steps. It has been is established that the sorption rate and the limiting sorption capacity decrease with the increment in the dye molecule size. The process of adsorption of the dyes on the CPF is pH-insensitive in the pH range of 2–8. The adsorption saturated CPF could be effectively regenerated by a simple alkaline washing.

Characterization of P(Hema-Gma)-Ida Membrane to Adsorbing Leather Dye

Different chemical substances and too much water are used during leather production. Therefore, the waste water load of the leather industry is harmful to the environment. One of the pollution source is the production of leather coloring process is a further need to focus on the removal of dye waste waters subject. These water-soluble dyes have a small organic molecular size. Besides the environmental hazards that these dyes cannot be underestimated, they also have harmful effects on human health.
 In this study, poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate) p (HEMA-GMA) hydrogel membranes were synthesized by UV polymerization method. The hydrogel synthesized is modified with imino diacetic acid (IDA) and then chelated with trivalent chromium ions. The chelating capacity of the membranes were determined according to the time, pH and concentration parameters. Dynamic swelling test, elemental analysis, ninhydrin analysis and adsorption, desorption and reusability performances of membranes were also determined. As a result of the analyzes, it was understood that the hydrogel membrane had high adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity of the p (HEMA-GMA) -IDA-Cr (III) hydrogel membrane did not decrease even after 5 desorption. At the end of the fifth cycle, the membrane was found to have a dye-binding capacity of about 92%. According to these results, the reusable property of the membrane also makes it cost effective as well as effective adsorption.

Biosorption of methylene blue by activated sludge

The ability of the use of dried activated sludge for removing methylene blue (MB) was investigated. The dye binding capacity of biosorbent was shown as a function of initial dye concentration, initial pH, and temperature at agitation rate 700 rpm. The experimental results indicated that the equilibrium between the dye and the adsorbent in the solution was established within 30 min and the maximum % removal value was found as 96.54% at pH 7.5. The uptake biosorption increased with increasing initial MB concentration. The maximum MB adsorption capacities were obtained at the temperature of 30°C. The equilibrium data fitted very well to the both Freundlich and Redlich–Peterson adsorption models with high correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.99). The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were applied to test the experimental data, consequently; the results showed that the dyes uptake processes followed the pseudo-second-order rate expression. So, it can be concluded that dried activated sludge could be a potential low-cost biosorbent for the MB removal from aqueous solutions.

Screening maize genotypes for high quality protein based on assessment of protein and limiting amino acids

Promising in bred lines of maize genotypes were screened for their protein content and dye binding capacity (DBC) for identifying high lysine lines. The variability in quality was assessed based on its protein content and limiting amino acid lysine. Among the 55 maize genotypes screened, the maize genotypes -UMI 328, IC 361398 IC 552815, IC 447501, and IC538788 were identified as elite one of superior quality. The selected elite genotypes were subjected to a field trial and they were further evaluated for quality parameters. Based on quality index, the maize genotypes IC 361398 and IC 538788 were considered as good quality one as they have QI ratio more than 3.5 as 3.75 and 4.48, respectively. Moreover, the maize genotypes IC 538788 and IC 361398 were found to have 2.28 and 2.04 per cent lysine in protein, respectively and DBC value of 44.43 and 40.47 mg per unit weight of protein, respectively. The genotype IC 538788 reported 0.51 per cent tryptophan in protein. The genotype IC 361398 recorded high crude protein content of 10.79 per cent. Hence, the maize genotypes IC 361398 and IC 538788 with high QI ratio, DBC value and lysine content were identified as elite one for development of QPM.

Characteristic of the nutritive value of the protein from rye coryopses. II. Evaluation of rye grain protein quality by Dye-Binding Capacity method

The usefulness for breeding porposes of the azosulphonic dye-binding capacity (DBC method) by proteins for large scale screening nutritive value characteristic of rye grain protein was studied. It was established that binding capacity of dye by rye grain protein is positively, significantly correlated with protein nutritive value indicators, e.g. CS (Chemical Score). The amounts of the binded dye by 1 g of milled rye grains were positively, significantly correlated with "useful" protein content of grains. DBC plus Kjeldahl protein evaluations are together suitable for mass screening quantitative and qualitative characteristic of rye grain protein.

Physicochemical and functional properties of chitosans affected by storage periods of crab leg shell

SummaryEffects of storage period (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 months) of crab leg shell at room temperature on selected physicochemical and functional properties of E‐ and G‐chitosans, respectively, prepared from entire (E) and ground (G) shells were evaluated. Increased storage period of crab shell generally increased degree of deacetylation (DD) and viscosity, but decreased DPPH radical scavenging activity of both chitosans. Water‐binding (WBC) and fat‐binding (FBC) capacities of E‐chitosan were not affected by storage period of crab shell; however, those of G‐chitosan significantly increased when crab shell was stored for more than 1 month. Dye‐binding capacity (DBC) of both chitosans decreased when crab shell was stored for 1 month, but further decrease was not observed with increased storage period to 4 months. Prepared with 4‐month stored crab shell, E‐chitosan exhibited comparable viscosity, colour whiteness index, DPPH radical scavenging activity and DBC, but lower DD, WBC and FBC than G‐chitosan.

Biosorption of Reactive Yellow 145 Dye by Dried Penicillum restrictum: Isotherm, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies

Removal of dyes from wastewaters causes a big concern from the environmental point of view due to their extreme toxicity towards aquatic life and humans. Commonly used traditional methods to treat these effluents are ineffective because dyes show resistance to many chemicals, oxidizing agents, and light. In this context, the biosorption process has attracted great attention in recent years since they utilize not only cheap plant materials but also a wide variety of microorganisms as biosorbing agents, displaying a high dye-binding capacity. In this study, biosorption potential of dried Penicillum restrictum (DPR) for Reactive Yellow 145 (RY 145) was studied with respect to pH, equilibrium time, and temperature to determine equilibrium and kinetic models. The most suitable pH and equilibrium time were determined as 1.0 ± 0.05 and 75 min respectively, at a biomass dosage of 0.4 mg L−1 and 20 ± 0.5°C. Data obtained from batch studies fitted well with the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) followed by the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. Maximum uptake capacities (qm) of DPR for the dyestuff (RY 145) were 109.7, 115.2, and 116.5 mg g−1 biomass at temperatures of 20, 30, and 40 ± 0.5°C, respectively. The overall biosorption process was best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Gibbs free energy changes were calculated as −384.6, −273.5, and −245.9 J mol L−1 at 20, 30, and 40 ± 0.5°C, respectively.

Biosorption of acid dyes using spent brewery grains: Characterization and modeling

In the present work the brewery industry waste is taken as a low cost biosorbent for the removal of acid dyes from the aqueous solution. Biosorption of acid dyes (Acid Yellow - AY 17 and Acid Blue - AB 25) onto spent brewery grains (SBG) was investigated. The biosorbent material is characterized using scanning electron microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD and BET surface area. The dye binding capacity of biosorbent was shown as a function of initial pH, initial dye concentration, biosorbent dosage, contact time and temperature. Equilibrium uptake was found to be pH dependent and maximum uptake was observed at a pH of 2 for both the dyes. Colour removal was found to decrease with initial dye concentration, temperature and increase with biosorbent dosage and time. The equilibrium data fitted very well to Freundlich adsorp- tion model. The results showed that both the dyes uptake processes followed the second-order rate expression. The study confirms that the spent brewery grains can be used as biosorbent for the removal of acid dyes from its aqueous solution.

Untreated clay with high adsorption capacity for effective removal of C.I. Acid Red 88 from aqueous solutions: Batch and dynamic flow mode studies

Batch and dynamic flow adsorption studies were carried out using natural clay for the removal of Acid Red 88 (AR88) dye from aqueous solutions. Adsorption conditions were examined with respect to initial pH, adsorbent amount, contact time, initial dye concentration, column i.d. and flow rate. Adsorption process was better described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. SEM and zeta potential analysis were used to characterize the adsorbent material. 98.10 ± 0.34% of dye could be removed in 15 min at pH 2.0 in the batch mode. The adsorbent exhibits very high monolayer dye binding capacity of 1133.10 mg g −1 which was comparable to or higher than those of many sorbent materials. Our results indicate that the suggested natural and low-cost adsorbent material may be useful for the effective removal of contaminating acid dyes.

Protein content and quality of wheat chromosome substitution lines

HereditasVolume 71, Issue 1 p. 157-160 Open Access Protein content and quality of wheat chromosome substitution lines K. A. Siddiqui, Corresponding Author K. A. Siddiqui Department of Agricultural Research, Danish Atomic Energy Commission Research Establishment, Risø, Roskilde, DenmarkAtomic Energy Agricultural Research Centre Tandojam, Sind, West PakistanSearch for more papers by this author K. A. Siddiqui, Corresponding Author K. A. Siddiqui Department of Agricultural Research, Danish Atomic Energy Commission Research Establishment, Risø, Roskilde, DenmarkAtomic Energy Agricultural Research Centre Tandojam, Sind, West PakistanSearch for more papers by this author First published: June 1972 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1972.tb01015.xAboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Literature cited Doll, H. 1972. Variation in protein quantity and quality induced in barley by EMS treatment. — In Induced mutations in plant breeding, IAEA, Vienna, p. 331– 342. Dumanović, J., Ehrenberg, L. and Denic, M. 1970. Induced variation of protein content and composition in hexaploid wheat. — In Improving plant protein by nuclear techniques. Ibid. p. 107– 119. Gale, M. D., and Flavell, R. B. 1971. The genetic control of anthocyanin biosynthesis by homoeologous chromosomes in wheat. Genet. Res. 18: 237– 244. Law, C. N. 1968. Genetic analysis using inter-varietal chromosome substitutions. Proc. 3. Int. Wheat Genet. Symp., 1968, Aust. Acad. Sci. Canberra, p. 331– 342. Mattern, P. J., Schmidt, J. W., Morris, R., and Johnson, V. A. 1968. A feasibility study of the use of a modified Maes protein extraction process and chromosome substitution lines for bread wheat quality identification. Genet. Res. p. 449– 456. Mossberg, R. 1969. Evaluation of protein quality and quantity by dye binding capacity: A tool in plant breeding. — In New approaches to breeding for improved plant protein, IAEA, Vienna, p. 151– 160. Munck, L., Karlsson, K. E., and Hagberg, A. 1971. Selection and characterization of a high-protein, highlysine variety from the world barley collection. — Proc. 2. Int. Barley Genet. Symp. Pullman, 1969, p. 544– 558. Neal, J. L., Jr., Atkinson, T. G., and Larson, Ruby. I. 1970. Changes in the rhizosphere microflora of spring wheat induced by disomic substitution of a chromosome. Can. J. Microbiol. 16: 153– 158. Sears, E. R. 1969. Wheat cytogenetics. Ann. Rev. Genet. 3: 451– 468. Sharma, T. R. and Kaul, A. K. 1971. Correlation between some quality characters and protein determination in bread wheat. Current Sci. (India) 40: 150– 152. Toft-Viuf, B. 1972. Varietal differences in nitrogen content and protein quality in barley. K. Vet.- og Landbohøjsk. Årssskr. 1972, p. 37– 61. Volume71, Issue1June 1972Pages 157-160 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Diallel analysis of high lysine barley, Hordeum vulgare L

Thirteen characters describing the seed proteins and yield capacity of four normal and six high lysine barley lines were investigated in a diallel cross. For all the lines there was a highly significant negative correlation between content of crude protein and its dye-binding capacity per unit of protein. The average regression coefficient was -0.027 in the normal lysine lines. In the high lysine mutant 1508 it was -0.060 and -0.038 in the remaining high lysine lines. For all characters except two, significant differences were revealed between the averages of the normal and the high lysine lines. When four of the high lysine mutant lines were compared with their respective mother lines, significant differences were detected for most of the characters. On the basis of classification of the F2-seeds from the complete diallel cross for grain filling, it was shown that the six high lysine lines contain five different recessive genes leading to shrivelled seeds. These genes seem to be independent, except in Hiproly and the mutant 56, where linkage between two of them was indicated. Due to the close negative relationship between the degree of grain filling and the dye-binding capacity of the seed proteins, a pleiotropic action for the two characters is inferred.

Inheritance of protein and lysine content in barley, Hordeum vulgare L., and their relationships to other characters

The inheritance of 7 parameters for grain protein and grain yield were investigated in crosses among normal lysine, low protein line Møyjar, high lysine, low protein line Risø Mutant 1508, and high lysine, high protein line Hiproly. Means and variances of parents and F1, F2, F3, B1 and B2 generations were studied. Among the 21 combinations of crosses and characters, 8 were adequately, or nearly adequately, described by an additive-dominance model, 4 required inclusion of interallelic interaction parameters, whereas for the remaining combinations none of the models applied was adequate. For dye-binding capacity, the results for (Møyjar x Mutant 1508) accorded well with the additive-dominance model, normal lysine content being completely dominant, whereas in the crosses including Hiproly, interaction was clearly present. For crude protein content, the simple model was adequate in all three crosses, linkage being detectable in those including Hiproly. In addition to confirming the existence of pleiotropic effects of the high lysine genes, the results indicated that the main effect of lys-Hiproly was on 1000 grain weight, but also an effect on tillering capacity was present. For lys-Mutant 1508, only an effect on 1000 grain weight was detectable.

Comparison of physicochemical, binding, and antibacterial properties of chitosans prepared without and with deproteinization process.

Physicochemical, binding, and antibacterial properties of chitosans prepared without and with deproteinization (DP) process (5, 10, 15, and 30 min at 15 psi/121 degrees C) were compared. Chitosan from DP 0 min had comparable nitrogen content, lower degree of deacetylation and solubility, but higher molecular weight and viscosity than chitosans from DP 5-30 min. The latter four chitosans showed differences only in molecular weight. Deproteinization treatment resulted in slightly decreased L values and increased a and b values compared with those of DP 0 min. Chitosan from DP 0 min had comparable water and fat-binding capacity (FBC) except for chitosan from DP 15 min, which had a higher FBC but lower dye-binding capacity than those of the four chitosans from DP 5-30 min. The antibacterial activities of chitosans against seven different bacteria showed that the inhibitory effects varied with the deproteinization time and the particular bacterium.

Kinetic and equilibrium modelling of the methylene blue removal from solution by adsorbent materials produced from sewage sludges

Sewage sludge utilisation must be the preferred management solution for a residue which does not show the desired improvement on wastewater treatment. This research work’s aim was to study the dye binding capacity of adsorbents produced from sewage sludges. The quality of sewage sludges as starting materials has been investigated by using sludges both from an urban and from an agrofood industry wastewater treatment plant. Dried sewage sludges, pyrolysed sewage sludges and both chemically activated and pyrolysed sewage sludges have been used as adsorbent materials in single batch liquid-phase adsorption tests. The adsorption equilibriums of methylene blue by these materials have been described in terms of both Langmuir and Freundlich equations. In order to investigate the mechanisms of adsorption, the first- and second-order kinetic models have been used. All the sludge-derived adsorbents produced have been able to uptake methylene blue from solution, the second-order rate expression being preferred to the first-order one. Nevertheless, the time needed for reaching the equilibrium and adsorptive capacity have differed from one to another adsorbent. Equilibrium and kinetic results have showed that dried urban sewage sludges are the most efficient materials for removing the methylene blue from the solution.

Characterization of decrystallized chitosan and its application in biosorption of textile dyes.

Decrystallized chitosan was produced from shrimp shells with a low degree of crystallinity (10%) and a high anionic dye binding capacity. Raw, mixed dye wastewater from a textile factory was efficiently decolorized using decrystallized chitosan that was more efficient than using normal chitosan and activated carbon. Decolorization reached 90% within 10 min and could be carried out from pH 4.5 to 8.1. Decrystallized chitosan can be regenerated by 2 M H2SO4 and was reusable more than 10 times. It is, therefore, an attractive candidate for the removal of dyes from textile wastewater.

우렁쉥이 껍질성분 및 색소를 이용한 양식소재 개발 -3. 우렁쉥이 껍질 유래 황산다당의 기능적 특성-

우렁쉥이 껍질에서 추출한 autoclave 추출구와 neutrase 추출구는 지방흡수력의 경우 대조시료인 chitin과 chitsan에 비해 떨어지는 대략 250<TEX>$\~$</TEX><TEX>$300\%$</TEX> 정도이었으나, 포말성은 각각 0.70과 0.67로, 포말안정성은 0.50과 0.38로 우수하였다 Autoclave 추출구 및 neutrase 추출구의 유화능은 각각 <TEX>$49.2\%$</TEX>와 <TEX>$47.1\%$</TEX>, 유화안정성의 경우 각각 <TEX>$48.3\%$</TEX>와 <TEX>$44.8\%$</TEX> 정도였으며 특히, 색소흡착능은 각각 <TEX>$85.2\%$</TEX>와 <TEX>$85.6\%$</TEX>로 대조시료에 비해 다소 우수하였다 항혈액응고능은 모든 시료에서 hPn 저 지효과는 나타났으나 PT값은 약 14.5초로 일정하여 혈액응고저지 효과가 거의 없었다. 특히 autoclave 처리구를 DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography하여 얻은 F4 (획분4)는 APTT가 75초로 가장 효과적 이 었으며, Sephadex G-100의 <TEX>$F_2$</TEX>가 70초 정도였다. ACE저해능은 모든 시료에서 ACE 저해효과가 있었으며, 채택된 실험방법에 따라 동일시료 경우에 있어서도 저해효과 값이 차이가 났으며, 특히 DEAE-cellulose 이온교환 처리한 <TEX>$ F_4$</TEX> (획분4)가 <TEX>$35.7\%$</TEX>로 가장 효과적이었다. The present study was conducted to elucidate functional properties of sulfated polysaccharides from ascidian tunics, In physical properties of the crude polysaccharides, emulsion ability and foaminess were more excellent compared with chitin and chitosan, particular dye binding capacity was prominent. Anti-blood coagulation of partially purified sulfnted polysaccharides showed with respect to APTT (Activated partial thromboplastin time). Especially, active fraction <TEX>$(F_4)$</TEX> obtained by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography showed highest activity, which was approximately <TEX>$20\%$</TEX> of the activity of heparin. ACE inhibitory activity also similar to anticoagulant activity. Active fraction <TEX>$(F_4)$</TEX> obtained by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography showed about <TEX>$34\%$</TEX>, in ACE inhibitory activity.

Biosorption of reactive dyes by dried activated sludge: equilibrium and kinetic modelling

The biosorption of reactive dyes (Reactive Blue 2 — RB2 and Reactive Yellow 2 — RY2) onto dried activated sludge was investigated. The dye binding capacity of biosorbent was shown as a function of initial pH, initial dye concentration and type of dye. The equilibrium data fitted very well to both the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models. The results showed that both the dyes uptake processes followed the second-order rate expression.