Dyadic Characteristics Research Articles

Predicting dropout and non-response to psychotherapy for personality disorders: A study protocol focusing on therapist, patient, and the therapeutic relationship.

The abandonment of psychotherapeutic treatments is influenced by various factors, including patient characteristics, therapist traits, and the therapeutic relationship. Despite the well-documented importance of these factors, limited empirical research has focused on the role of the therapeutic relationship and the characteristics of therapist-patient dyads in predicting treatment dropout. This study protocol outlines a longitudinal research project aimed at predicting dropout and non-response in psychotherapy for individuals with personality disorders. The research seeks to identify predictive factors related to psychotherapy outcomes, focusing on patient, therapist, and dyadic elements. Specifically, the study will examine the influence of therapist characteristics (e.g., personality traits, countertransference, responsiveness) on treatment outcomes, explore the impact of relational factors (e.g., treatment expectations, epistemic trust, therapeutic alliance) on therapy effectiveness, and assess how the therapeutic alliance within therapist-patient dyads affects the likelihood of dropout and non-response. The longitudinal study will include 100 therapist-patient dyads (200 participants) recruited from various Mental Health Services in Milan, Italy. Validated instruments will be administered to both patients and therapists at four-time points: T0 (baseline), T1 (3 months), T2 (6 months), and T3 (1 year). Data will be collected at baseline and at the one-year mark to evaluate the relationships between therapist, patient, and dyadic factors and treatment outcomes. Identifying predictive variables associated with high dropout rates can help preempt treatment discontinuation, reducing the financial and operational burdens on mental health services. Understanding these factors will enable the development of targeted interventions to improve treatment engagement and reduce attrition. This approach could enhance outcomes for individuals with personality disorders and lead to more efficient resource allocation and sustainable delivery of mental health care.

Predicting newborn birth outcomes with prenatal maternal health features and correlates in the United States: a machine learning approach using archival data

BackgroundNewborns are shaped by prenatal maternal experiences. These include a pregnant person’s physical health, prior pregnancy experiences, emotion regulation, and socially determined health markers. We used a series of machine learning models to predict markers of fetal growth and development—specifically, newborn birthweight and head circumference (HC).MethodsWe used a pre-registered archival data analytic approach. These data consisted of maternal and newborn characteristics of 594 maternal-infant dyads in the western U.S. Participants also completed a measure of emotion dysregulation. In total, there were 22 predictors of newborn HC and birthweight. We used regularized regression for predictor selection and linear prediction, followed by nonlinear models if linear models were overfit.ResultsHC was predicted best with a linear model (ridge regression). Newborn sex (male), number of living children, and maternal BMI predicted a larger HC, whereas maternal preeclampsia, number of prior preterm births, and race/ethnicity (Latina) predicted a smaller HC. Birthweight was predicted best with a nonlinear model (support vector machine). Occupational prestige (a marker similar to socioeconomic status) predicted higher birthweight, maternal race/ethnicity (non-White and non-Latina) predicted lower birthweight, and the number of living children, prior preterm births, and difficulty with emotional clarity had nonlinear effects.ConclusionsHC and birthweight were predicted by a variety of variables associated with prenatal stressful experiences, spanning medical, psychological, and social markers of health and stress. These findings may highlight the importance of viewing prenatal maternal health across multiple dimensions. Findings also suggest that assessing difficulties with emotional clarity during standard obstetric care (in the U.S.) may help identify risk for adverse newborn outcomes.

Emigration and tax revenue

The World Migration Report 2020 shows that the number of international migrants increased from 84 million in 1970–272 million in 2019, accounting for 3.5% of the world’s population. This paper investigates the aggregated effect of emigration on the tax revenue of sending countries with a focus on developing nations. Using a gravity approach, we construct a time-varying exogenous instrument out of measures of changes in transportation technology from geographic time-invariant dyadic characteristics. Then, we follow an instrumental variable approach where we use our predicted emigration rate as an instrument of the observed migration rate. The results show that the predicted emigration rate is a good instrument of the current emigration rate for developing countries, and that there is a positive aggregated effect of emigration on tax revenue of sending countries. The results vary depending on the type of tax: emigration increases goods and services tax revenue, but it decreases income, profit, and capital gains tax revenue.

Outcomes Among Mexican American and Non-Hispanic White Informal Stroke Caregivers.

Informal home care is prevalent among Mexican American stroke survivors, but data on the impact on caregivers are not available. The aim was to assess ethnic differences in informal stroke caregiving and caregiver outcomes at 90 days poststroke. Informal caregivers were recruited from the population-based Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project (2019-2023), conducted in a bi-ethnic community in Texas. Caregivers of community-dwelling stroke survivors who were not cognitively impaired and not employed by a formal caregiving agency were interviewed. Interviews included sociodemographics, dyad characteristics, Modified Caregiver Strain Index (range 0-26, higher more positive), Positive Aspects of Caregiving scale (range, 5-45, higher more), Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (range, 0-30, higher worse), and PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System)-10 physical (range, 16.2-67.7, higher better) and mental health (range, 21.2-67.6, higher better) summary scores. Stroke survivor data was from interviews and medical records. Propensity score methods were used to balance caregiver and patient factors among Mexican American and Non-Hispanic White caregivers by fitting a model with ethnicity of caregiver as the outcome and predictors being caregiver sociodemographics, patient-caregiver dyad characteristics, and patient sociodemographics and functional disability. Propensity scores were included as a covariate in regression models, considering the association between ethnicity and outcomes. Mexican American caregivers were younger, more likely female, and more likely a child of the stroke survivor than Non-Hispanic White caregivers. Mexican American caregiver ethnicity was associated with less caregiver strain (β, -1.87 [95% CI, -3.51 to -0.22]) and depressive symptoms (β, -2.02 [95% CI, -3.41 to -0.64]) and more favorable mental health (β, 4.90 [95% CI, 2.49-7.31]) and positive aspects of caregiving (β, 3.29 [95% CI, 1.35-5.23]) but not associated with physical health. Understanding the mechanisms behind more favorable caregiver outcomes in Mexican American people may aid in the design of culturally sensitive interventions to improve both caregiver and stroke survivor outcomes, potentially across all race and ethnic groups.

How are Conversations via an On-Demand Peer-To-Peer Emotional Well-Being App Associated with Emotional Improvement?

ABSTRACT Non-clinical, on-demand peer-to-peer (PtP) support apps have become increasingly popular over the past several years. Although not as pervasive as general self-help apps, these PtP support apps are usually free and instantly connect individuals through live texting with a non-clinical volunteer who has been minimally trained to listen and offer support. To date, there is little empirical work that examines whether and how using an on-demand PtP support app improves emotional well-being. Applying regression and multilevel models to N = 1000+ PtP conversations, this study examined whether individuals experience emotional improvement following a conversation on a PtP support app (HearMe) and whether dyadic characteristics of the conversation – specifically, verbal and emotional synchrony – are associated with individuals’ emotional improvement. We found that individuals reported emotional improvement following a conversation on the PtP support app and that verbal (but not emotional) synchrony was associated with the extent of individuals’ emotional improvement. Our results suggest that online PtP support apps are a viable source of help. We discuss cautions and considerations when applying our findings to enhance the delivery of support provision on PtP apps.

Dyadic care to improve postnatal outcomes of birthing people and their infants: A scoping review protocol.

Dyadic care, which is the concurrent provision of care for a birthing person and their infant, is an approach that may improve disparities in postnatal health outcomes, but no synthesis of existing dyadic care studies has been conducted. This scoping review seeks to identify and summarize: 1) dyadic care studies globally, in which the birthing person-infant dyad are cared for together, 2) postnatal health outcomes that have been evaluated following dyadic care interventions, and 3) research and practice gaps in the implementation, dissemination, and effectiveness of dyadic care to reduce healthcare disparities. Eligible studies will (1) include dyadic care instances for the birthing person and infant, and 2) report clinical outcomes for at least one member of the dyad or intervention outcomes. Studies will be excluded if they pertain to routine obstetric care, do not present original data, and/or are not available in English or Spanish. We will search CINAHL, Ovid (both Embase and Medline), Scopus, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Google Scholar, Global Health, Web of Science Core Collection, gray literature, and WHO regional databases. Screening will be conducted via Covidence and data will be extracted to capture the study design, dyad characteristics, clinical outcomes, and implementation outcomes. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. A narrative synthesis of the study findings will be presented. This scoping review will summarize birthing person-infant dyadic care interventions that have been studied and the evidence for their effectiveness. This aggregation of existing data can be used by healthcare systems working to improve healthcare delivery to their patients with the aim of reducing postnatal morbidity and mortality. Areas for future research will also be highlighted. This review has been registered at Open Science Framework (OSF, https://osf.io/5fs6e/).

Communication Patterns and Characteristics of Family Caregivers and Persons Living With Dementia: Secondary Analysis of Video Observation.

It is essential to characterize communication patterns for better health outcomes for family caregivers and persons living with dementia. This study aimed to examine the relationships between communication patterns and the characteristics of dyads of family caregivers and persons living with dementia. A secondary analysis was conducted using 75 video-recorded home care observations from 19 dyads. Participant characteristics and caregiver burden, depression, and sense of competence were collected from the parent study. The video-recorded dyadic communication patterns were assessed using a coding scheme developed based on Communication Accommodation Theory and Classical Test Theory. The relative frequency of the communication patterns was compared between groups. Overall, 8311 caregiver and 8024 care recipient communication behaviors were observed. Caregiver communication patterns were categorized as facilitative, disabling, and neutral. Care recipient communication patterns were categorized as engaging, challenging, and neutral. Caregiver gender, care recipient gender, care recipient education level, dementia diagnosis length, types of dementia, dyadic gender difference, burden, depression, and competence of caregiver, and types of communication were significantly associated with caregiver communication. Dementia diagnosis length, caregiver competence, dyadic gender difference, and types of communication were significantly associated with care recipient communication. The findings demonstrated different communication patterns depending on individual and dyad characteristics and evidence for dyadic communication support to promote meaningful interaction for persons living with dementia. Further analysis is needed to identify mediating factors and causal relationships.

Abstract TP73: Outcomes in Mexican American Informal Stroke Caregivers and Differences by Ethnicity

Background: Informal home care is the most prevalent type of post-acute care (PAC) in Mexican American (MA) stroke survivors, but data on the impact on caregivers is not available. The objective was to investigate strain, positive aspects of caregiving, familial obligations/support, and depression in stroke caregivers and ethnic differences in a population-based study. Methods: Data are from Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi PAC Study. Community-dwelling stroke survivors and their caregivers were recruited (n=307). Caregiver eligibility included: 1) residence in study county, 2) not cognitively impaired, 3) not providing care pre-stroke. Caregiver interviews at ~90 days included sociodemographics, dyad characteristics, Modified Caregiver Strain Index (MCSI range 0-26, higher more), PAC scale by Tarlow et al (range 5-45, higher more), familial obligations/support scales by Sabogal et al (range 1-5, higher greater), and PHQ-8 (range 0-30, higher worse). Patient data were from interviews and medical records. Propensity score (PS) methods were used to balance caregiver and patient factors among MA and non-Hispanic white (NHW) caregivers by fitting a model with ethnicity of caregiver as the outcome and predictors being caregiver sociodemographics, patient-caregiver dyad characteristics, and patient sociodemographics and disability. PS were then included as a covariate in regression models considering the association between ethnicity and outcomes. Results: MA caregivers were younger, more likely female, and more likely a child than NHWs. Median MCSI, PAC scale, PHQ-8 were 11 (IQR:6-17), 36 (IQR:30-40), and 11 (IQR:9-15) in MAs and 13.5 (IQR:9-18.3), 30 (IQR:25-36.3) and 13 (IQR:10-16) in NHWS. MA ethnicity was associated with less caregiver strain (β=-2.22, 95% CI:-4.19, -0.26) and depression (β=-2.05, 95% CI:-3.48, -0.63) and more positive aspects of caregiving (β=2.96, 95% CI:0.91, 5.01), but not associated with familial obligations/support. Conclusions: Informal stroke caregivers report moderate levels of strain and depressive symptoms, with NHW caregivers reporting higher levels. MA caregivers report greater positive aspects of caregiving suggesting a possible intervention target to improve outcomes in MAs.

ROLE OF PLACE AS A DETERMINANT OF PARENT–ADULT CHILD GEOGRAPHIC PROXIMITY AND CAREGIVING

Abstract While research has shown that the need for care impacts how close parents and adult children live, the relative importance of various factors shaping parent-child geographic proximity remains unclear, especially as it relates to characteristics of their geographic locations and communities. We explore variation in and determinants of the geographic proximity of older parents and adult children, conditional on parents needing care. Using pooled 2004-2014 data from the Health and Retirement Study on respondents age 65 years or older and their children, alongside detailed county-level contextual information from various sources, we analyze the importance of various determinants of parent-child geographic proximity, including parental health, age, and other personal characteristics, children’s personal characteristics, parent-child dyad characteristics, and place-specific characteristics that relate with availability of different health and aging services, housing affordability, and labor market opportunities. Preliminary regression results show that coresidence is substantially less likely in areas with higher availability of nursing care and continuing care options. Among non-coresidents, living in close proximity (distances under 10 miles) is less likely if parent’s area has more nursing care options, but more likely if health services that support living in place are available. Additionally, local economic and housing conditions play a role, with higher median household income associated with children living closer to parents and higher cost of rent with living further. Place-specific characteristics are important determinants of parent-child coresidence and proximity, and policymakers and care providers should consider them when determining the most effective ways to support older adults who need care.

Outcomes in Maternal Graves' Disease: A Population-Based Mother-Infant Dyad Cohort Study.

Background: Graves' disease has been associated with adverse pregnancy, labor and delivery, and neonatal outcomes. Thyroid function levels, assessed during newborn screening (NBS), can serve as indicators of the adaptation in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. We utilized data from the national thyroid NBS program to investigate the characteristics of the mother-infant dyad of term infants born to mothers with past or active Graves' disease. Methods: The dataset of the Israeli NBS for thyroid function was linked with the electronic records of a tertiary medical center to generate a unified database of mothers and their term infants born between 2011 and 2021. The MDClone big data platform extracted maternal, pregnancy, disease course, labor and delivery, and neonatal characteristics of the mother-infant dyads. Results: Out of 103,899 registered mother-infant dyads, 292 (0.3%) mothers had past or active Graves' disease. A forward multivariate linear regression demonstrated that Graves' disease did not significantly affect NBS total thyroxine (tT4) levels (p = 0.252). NBS tT4 levels in infants born to mothers with active Graves' disease were higher than those observed in the general Israeli population (p < 0.001). Mothers with Graves' disease more frequently used assisted reproductive technology (12.7% vs. 9.0%, respectively, p = 0.012; odds ratio [OR] = 1.46 [CI 1.03-2.07], p = 0.031), and had more gestational hypertension (3.9% vs. 1.1%, p < 0.001; OR = 3.53 [CI 1.92-6.47], p < 0.001), proteinuria (2.5% vs. 0.9%, p < 0.001; OR = 3.03 [CI 1.43-6.45], p = 0.004), cesarean sections (26.4% vs. 19.7%, p = 0.029; OR = 1.46 [CI 1.13-1.90], p = 0.004), prelabor rupture of membranes (15.4% vs. 4.1%, p < 0.001; OR = 4.3 [CI 3.13-5.91], p < 0.001), and placental abnormalities (5.1% vs. 2.0%, p < 0.001; OR = 2.64 [CI 1.57-4.44]; p < 0.001). Their infants had lower adjusted birthweight z-scores (-0.18 ± 0.94 vs. -0.03 ± 0.90, p = 0.007) and were more likely to be small for gestational age (12.0% vs. 8.1%, p = 0.005; OR = 1.54 [CI 1.08-2.19], p = 0.018). Conclusions: Neonatal thyroid function levels were affected by maternal Graves' disease only when the disease was active during gestation. Moreover, maternal Graves' disease was also associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes for the mother-infant dyad.

Dyadic influences on awareness of condition in people with dementia: findings from the IDEAL cohort.

The discrepancy between caregiver-ratings and self-ratings of abilities is commonly used to assess awareness in people with dementia. We investigated the contribution of caregiver and dyadic characteristics to the difference in perspective between caregiver-informants and people with dementia about difficulties experienced, when considering awareness of condition. We conducted exploratory cross-sectional analyses using data from the IDEAL cohort. Participants were 1,038 community-dwelling people with mild-to-moderate dementia, and coresident spouse/partner caregivers. The Representations and Adjustment to Dementia Index (RADIX) checklist reporting difficulties commonly experienced in dementia was completed by 960 caregiver-informants and 989 people with dementia. Difference in scores was calculated for 916 dyads. Demographic information, cognition, informant-rated functional ability and neuropsychiatric symptoms were recorded for the person with dementia. Self-reported data were collected on mood, comorbidity, religion, importance of religion, relationship quality, and caregiver stress. For most dyads, caregivers reported more RADIX difficulties than people with dementia. Caregiver RADIX ratings were more closely associated with informant-rated functional ability and neuropsychiatric symptoms than with cognition. More RADIX difficulties and higher stress were reported by female caregivers. Greater RADIX difference was associated with more caregiver stress, and older age but less depression in people with dementia. Few dyadic characteristics were important, but caregiver stress was higher where caregivers reported more RADIX difficulties and/or the difference in perspective was greater, whereas partners with dementia reported better mood. In addition to offering information about awareness of condition, the caregiver rating and difference in perspectives could indicate where more support is needed.

Dual Branding by National Brand Manufacturers: Drivers and Outcomes

This article is the first generalizable empirical analysis of dual branding, that is, the supply of private labels (PLs) by national brand (NB) manufacturers. The authors compile a unique data set combining the identity of PL suppliers in over 260 packaged goods categories with multiple years of scanner data in the Spanish grocery market to offer several contributions. First, they provide new descriptive insights on the prevalence of dual branding in categories where the manufacturer does and does not have NBs, the longevity of PL supply arrangements, and the differences in PL sourcing across retailers. Second, they integrate the literature on motivators and dissuaders of dual branding and test the impact of relevant manufacturer, retailer, and dyad characteristics on PL supply in NB and non-NB categories. The results reveal a more nuanced empirical reality than is evident from prior research regarding the role of multicategory scope, fighter brands, NB differentiation, and size and positioning of the retailer's PL. Third, they examine the outcomes of PL supply for the NBs of dual branders and find that starting (terminating) PL supply to a retailer significantly benefits (hurts) the relative distribution depth but not the relative share of the dual brander's NBs at that retailer.

Communication and fear of recurrence in colorectal cancer survivors and their partners.

502 Background: Little is known about how colorectal (CRC) survivors and their partners communicate about cancer or about their fears of recurrence. CRC survivors who are discordant with their partner in communication about cancer and fear of recurrence may have worse health-related quality of life (HrQoL), but this is not known. Methods: From 2019-2020 we surveyed survivors of stage III CRC diagnosed 2014-2018 at an academic cancer center, a community oncology practice, and the Georgia cancer registry, and their domestic partners. We measured dyadic communication about cancer using the 23-item Lewis Mutuality and Interpersonal Sensitivity Scale (MIS). To measure fear of recurrence, we asked survivors and partners 3 questions about how often worry about recurrence has a negative psychosocial impact in their life. We measured survivors’ HrQoL using the PROMIS-29+2 profile, v 2.1. We used bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regressions to 1) compare paired survivor and partner responses to individual items about communication in the MIS and compare fear of recurrence scores, 2) describe characteristics of dyads who were discordant in communication and fear of recurrence, 3) assess associations between survivors’ HrQoL and discordance in communication and fear of recurrence. Results: 501/986 eligible survivors returned surveys (51% response rate). 428 survivors (86%) had a partner; 311 partners (73%) returned surveys. We analyzed data from 307 paired survivor-partner dyads. Survivors were mostly &gt; age 50 (88%), male (64%), white (77%) and had at least some college education (77%). 6/23 MIS items (23%) evoked discordant responses in ≥30% of dyads (Table). Most dyads were concordant in responses to fear of recurrence questions. Greater dyadic discordance in communication and fear of recurrence was differentially associated (p&lt;0.05) with some survivor factors and partner factors (communication: female survivor gender and greater partner education; recurrence: younger survivor age). Worse survivor HRQoL was associated with greater discordance in fear of recurrence (p&lt;0.01) but not with discordance in communication (p=0.55). Conclusions: There is dyadic discordance in communication about negative feelings, sadness, and fear about the cancer. Dyadic discordance in fear of recurrence is associated with worse survivor HRQoL. Clinicians should be aware of and acknowledge negative feelings and fear during surveillance.[Table: see text]

Synthesis, Chemical Structure, and Ground- and Excited-State Spectral Characteristics of (Porphyrinato)(chloro)indium(III) and Its Complexes with C60 and Pyridyl-Substituted Fullero[60]pyrrolidine

New complexes of [5,10,15,20-tetra-(4-methoxyphenyl)porphinato](chloro)indium(III) ((Cl)InTPP(p-OCH3)4) with unsubstituted C60 and 1-methyl-2-(pyridin-4'-yl)-3,4- fullero[60]pyrrolidine (PyC60) were synthesized in toluene. The stability constants of 1 : 1 complexes (dyads) were determined using UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The dyads were characterized by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy data. It was established that fluorescence of (Cl)InTPP(p-OCH3)4 is quenched upon gradual addition of fullerenes. The numerical values of the Stern–Volmer quenching constants (KSV) were determined. The most important charge transfer characteristics of dyads (the lifetime of charge-separated states and charge separation and recombination constants), needed for further consideration of dyads based on indium(III) porphyrins as photoinduced electron transfer systems, were determined using femtosecond laser spectroscopy.

Brain Health Registry Study Partner Portal: Novel infrastructure for digital, dyadic data collection.

In Alzheimer's disease (AD) research, subjective reports of cognitive and functional decline from participant-study partner dyads is an efficient method of assessing cognitive impairment and clinical progression. Demographics and subjective cognitive/functional decline (Everyday Cognition Scale [ECog]) scores from dyads enrolled in the Brain Health Registry (BHR) Study Partner Portal were analyzed. Associations between dyad characteristics and both ECog scores and study engagement were investigated. A total of 10,494 BHR participants (mean age=66.9±12.16 standard deviations, 67.4% female) have enrolled study partners (mean age=64.3±14.3 standard deviations, 49.3% female), including 8987 dyads with a participant 55 years of age or older. Older and more educated study partners were more likely to complete tasks and return for follow-up. Twenty-five percent to 27% of older adult participants had self and study partner-report ECog scores indicating a possible cognitive impairment. The BHR Study Partner Portal is a unique digital tool for capturing dyadic data, with high impact applications in the clinical neuroscience and AD fields. Highlights The Brain Health Registry (BHR) Study Partner Portal is a novel, digital platform of>10,000 dyads. Collection of dyadic online subjective cognitive and functional data is feasible. The portal has good usability as evidenced by positive study partner feedback. The portal is a potential scalable strategy for cognitive impairment screening in older adults.

FRI477 The Effect Of Gestational Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) Treatment On Newborn Thyroid Screen

Abstract Disclosure: A. Brener: None. O. Raviv: None. E. Cohen-Sela: None. M. Yackobovitch-Gavan: None. S. Almashanu: None. R. Marom: None. L. Hiersch: None. Y. Lebenthal: None. Background: Clinical depression treated by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) has become relatively common in women of childbearing age. The effect of gestational exposure to SSRIs on the newborn’s hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid postnatal adaptation has not yet been determined. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of the mother–infant dyad of term infants of mothers treated with SSRIs for depression during pregnancy. Methods: This observational study included mother-infant dyads of infants delivered at term in a single tertiary medical center between 2011 and 2021. Data on maternal, pregnancy, delivery, and perinatal characteristics of the mother-infant dyads were retrieved from the hospital’s electronic database. The clinical data were linked with the newborn thyroid screening results of total thyroxin (TT4) obtained at 48-72 hours since delivery. Excluded from analysis were mothers with other chronic medical conditions and newborns with genetic syndromes. Primary outcome measures were newborn TT4 levels and fetal growth as expressed by neonatal birthweight z-scores (WHO charts). Results: SSRI anti-depression treatment during gestation was reported in 2577 (2.4%) out of 106,173 infant-mother dyads. Mothers treated with SSRIs were older (35.0±4.8 vs 32.6±4.8 years, p&amp;lt;0.001), had a higher pre-pregnancy body mass index (23.4±4.5 vs 22.7±4.1, p&amp;lt;0.001) and a similar mean weight gain of 13 kg during pregnancy. Elective and emergent cesarean deliveries were more common among SSRI-treated mothers (14.8% vs 11.1% and 16.5% vs 8.6%, respectively, p&amp;lt;0.001). Infants of those mothers were born earlier (gestational age [GA] 38.7±1.9 vs 39.5±11.5 weeks, p&amp;lt;0.001), had lower birthweight z-scores (-0.48±1.24 vs -0.04±0.92, p&amp;lt;0.001) and lower TT4 levels (14.7±3.9 vs 15.0±3.7, p=0.001). A multivariate linear regression model revealed that sex, GA and birthweight z-score were highly significant contributors to TT4 levels (p&amp;lt;0.001 for all), while SSRI treatment during pregnancy was not (p=0.497). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that anti-depressant use of SSRIs during pregnancy does not have a direct effect on the postnatal adaptation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroidal axis. However, differences in fetal growth and in characteristics of delivery may determine newborn thyroid function. Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023

Inter-household transfers of material goods among Sama "sea nomads" of the Philippines: Reciprocity, helping, signaling, or something else?

The extent to which humans share with both kin and non-kin is a defining characteristic of our species. Evolutionary research suggests that pervasive reliance on inter-individual transfers of goods and services may have evolved to support a cooperative breeding adaptation in humans. However, while intensive food sharing between individuals and families has frequently been investigated in small-scale human societies, a comprehensive analysis of the daily transfers of all material goods has not been attempted. Likewise, while much previous research on cooperative transfers focused on terrestrial foraging populations, less attention is paid to other small-scale economic modalities traditionally inhabited by humans. Drawing on over three years' worth of interviews and observational data from a community of primarily ethnic Sama people residing along the coast of Southern Mindanao Island in the Philippines, this paper examines the overall transfer patterns of material goods in a marine foraging economy. A quantitative description of resource acquisition is followed by an in-depth exploration of the characteristics of individual households and household dyads who gave and/or received more during the study period. Results indicate that a household's age and income are consistently correlated with increased inflow and outflow of material goods. Results also suggest differential motivations underlie inter-household sharing of food, money, and other goods in the study community. Most importantly, we find that both daily and long-term reciprocity overwhelmingly drive sharing within household dyads in the study community, despite secondary effects of kinship, relative need, and relative household age between household dyads.

Intramolecular Photoinduced Energy and Electron Transfer Reactions in Phenanthroimidazole-Boron Dipyromethane Donor-Acceptor Dyads.

Donor-acceptor systems in which a donor phenanthroimidazole (PhI) is directly connected to a BODIPY acceptor (Dyad1) and separated by an ethynyl bridge between PhI and BODIPY (Dyad2) have been designed, synthesized, and characterized by various spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. Optical absorption and 1H NMR characteristics of both dyads with those of constituent individuals suggest that there exists a minimum π-π interaction between phenanthroimidazole and BODIPY. Quenched emission of both the dyads was observed when excited either at phenthaoimidazole absorption maxima or at BODIPY absorption maxima in all three investigated solvents. The detailed spectral analysis provided evidence for an intramolecular photoinduced excitation energy transfer (PEnT) from the singlet excited state of phenanthroimidazole to BODIPY and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from the ground state of phenanthroimidazole to BODIPY. Transient absorption studies suggest that charge-separated species (PhI•+ - BODIPY•-) are generated at a rate constant of (1.16 ± 0.01) × 108 s-1 for the dyads Dyad1 and (5.15 ± 0.03) × 108 s-1 and for Dyad2 whereas energy transfer rate constants were much higher and were on the order of (1.1 ± 0.02) × 1010 s-1 and (1.6 ± 0.02) × 1010 s-1 for Dyad1 and Dyad2, respectively, signifying their usefulness in light energy harvesting applications.

Will your child take care of you in your old age? Unequal caregiving received by older parents from adult children in Sweden

Intergenerational family care provided to older parents by adult children is growing and differs based on gender and socioeconomic status. Few studies consider these elements in relation to both the parent and their adult child, and little is known about the number of care tasks received even though those providing intensive levels of care are at risk of experiencing adverse consequences in their lives. This study uses data from the nationally representative 2011 Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD) and includes child-specific information from parents aged 76 years and above. Analyses used ordinal logistic regression and are presented as average marginal effects and predictive margins. Results show that parents in need of care report that one-third of all adult children in the sample provide care to three out of five of them. The care is most often non-intensive, yet nearly one in ten of all children provide more intensive care of two or more tasks. When adjusting for dyad characteristics as well as geographic proximity, results show adult–child gender differences where parents receive more care from manual-working-class daughters than manual-working-class sons. Overall, manual-working-class daughters are most commonly reported as carers among adult children, and they are particularly overrepresented in providing intensive care. We conclude that gender and socioeconomic inequalities exist among care receivers’ adult children, even in a strong welfare state such as Sweden. Knowledge about levels and patterns of intergenerational care have important implications for how to reduce unequal caregiving.

Dyadic Archetypes of Patient Self-Care and Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care in Dyads With Multiple Chronic Conditions: An Observational Study.

Self-care of multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) and caregiver contribution to self-care have been theorized as dyadic. However, the different dyadic archetypes are still unknown. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify dyadic archetypes related to how in patient-caregiver dyads manage the patient's MCCs and to describe other ways in which the dyadic archetypes differ. A sample of 340 MCCs patient-caregiver dyads was enrolled in outpatient and community settings. Patients had a mean age of 76.7 (±7.3) years and were mostly female (54.5%). Caregivers had a mean age of 54.6 (±15.1) years and were mostly female (71.5%). Four dyadic archetypes were observed: "autonomous," "compensatory," "balanced," and "complementary" care. Clinical programs should consider the different characteristics of dyads to support self-care.