Dy Doping Research Articles

Green Synthesis And Photoluminesce Study Of Dy Doped CaCo3

In this study, we used water-soluble polysaccharides from melon to develop a new green method for the biological production of calcium carbonate crystals. SEM, FT-IR spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffractometry were used to examine the resulting crystals. The host material is prepared with the amount of 5.549gm CaCl2 and 5.2994gm Na2CO3. In the sintering process, the sample is subjected to its melting temperature in a furnace and then cooled evenly. The phosphor CaCO3 is doped with differing proportions of Dy and SEM micrographs validate the material's nanostructure, which is essential for luminescence. By Dy doping with CaCO3, then crystal structure of a molecule shows prominent XRD peaks. In UV photoluminescence spectra, the greatest emission peak is at 578nm while slake curve shows that for 3 mol% Dy concentrations, show higher luminescence intensity. As the Dy concentration rises over 3 mol%, the brightness intensity decreases due to quenching phenomena.

High-efficiency pure-red perovskite quantum dots glass via Dy modification for high quality backlight display

Perovskite quantum dots (QDs) glass has been considered as high efficiency, high color-purity, and high stability luminescent materials for display application. Herein, high emissive Dy doped CsPb(Br, I)3 (CPBI: Dy) QDs glass has been prepared, and the effects of doping concentration on the crystallization behavior of QDs were discussed carefully. The low and high concentration of Dy doping brings diametrically opposite tuning effects for the emission wavelength. When high Dy doping, DyBO3 nanocrystals were precipitated from the glass along with CPBI QDs. The highest photoluminescence quantum yield of CPBI: Dy QDs glass reached 53.79 %. The LEDs using the CPBI: Dy QDs glass as color converter could express pure-red light of 630 nm peak with a full width at half maximum of only 25.6 nm. What’s more, the color gamut of a white backlight unit based on prepared CPBI: Dy QDs glass film was 125.8 % of National Television System Committee color gamut standard and 94.0 % of Rec.2020, which has great potential in display application.

Thermal stability of dielectric properties of Dy-doped BaTiO3 for application in the ultra-thin multilayer ceramic capacitors

Rare earth elements are usually used to improve the performance of multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC), because their unique chemical and physical properties. Exploring the optimal method of rare earth doping is crucial to address the current performance deficiencies of MLCC. In this study, three samples with different doping levels of Dy and Ho selected to investigate the microstructure, dielectric performance, and reliability. Compared to the co-doping of Dy and Ho, excessive Dy doping exhibited better defect structure, resulting in smoother and more stable temperature coefficient of capacitance (TCC) curves and stronger suppression of oxygen vacancies. As the increase of Dy doping content, the activation energy of oxygen vacancies increased from 59.98 V/μm to 86.79 V/μm. This indicates that appropriate Dy doping has a superior effect on improving MLCC performance compared to co-doping systems. This work validates the complex defect structure induced by Dy doping and its improvement effect on MLCC performance, demonstrating the significant potential of Dy-doped MLCC.

Influence of Dy3+ doping on Mössbauer, magnetic and microwave absorption properties of M-type Ba0.5Ca0.5DyxFe12-xO19 hexaferrites

The present research paper reports a systematic study of the magnetic, and structural properties of Ba0.5Ca0.5DyxFe12-xO19 M-type hexaferrite. The dysprosium was doped @ x = 0 − 0.2, keeping Δx = 0.05, in BCDF by the sol–gel self-ignition technique. The sintering of the synthesized samples was performed for 4 h at 1050°C. The crystallographic analysis of the samples was made from the X-ray diffractograms (XRD), while the morphological and elemental analysis was made from field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) profiles. The structural results revealed the formation of the M-type hexaferrite having P63/mmc as a space group along with the co-existence of a secondary Fe2O3 phase. FESEM micrographs exhibit the hexagonal platelets randomly arranged with agglomerations at some places giving rise to the random variations in particle size with varying ’x’. Magnetic measurements (VSM) show that the saturation magnetization (MS) and coercivity (HC) increase with the increasing Dy3+ doping pointing towards the fact that the Dy doping in Ba-Ca ferrite can be used to fabricate the hard ferrites with good saturation magnetization. The Mössbauer spectrum recorded at room temperature reveals five superimposed sextets representing the five Fe3+ ion sites. Investigating the Microwave absorption (MWA) characteristics in the frequency range 8 − 12 GHz (X-band), reveals that the sample with x = 0.1 having 3 mm thickness possesses good MWA power. Its minimum RL value for matching frequency 10.06 GHz is approximately −26.96 dB, indicating that more than 90 % of microwaves are absorbed. The current work offers the Dysprosium-doped BCDF hexaferrites, as promising candidatesfor microwave absorption applications.

Enhanced thermoelectric properties for eco-friendly CaTiO3 by band sharpening and atomic-scale defect phonon scattering

CaTiO3-based compounds have emerged as a promising thermoelectric material, renowned for their environmentally benign, thermally stable, and cost-efficient merits. Non-etheless, the pristine CaTiO3 manifests inherently low electronic transport properties. Herein, the thermoelectric properties of Ca1-xDyxTiO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) compounds are systematically investigated. The electrical transport properties are markedly enhanced by synergistic optimization of the carrier concentration, mobility, and density-of-states effective mass. Density functional theory results demonstrate that the conduction band tends to be sharper and that the lighter band participates in carrier transport after Dy doping. The large discrepancy in atomic mass results in considerable mass fluctuations, which give rise to intense phonon scattering. Benefitting from the modulated band structure and reduced thermal conductivity, the highest thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of 0.31 is achieved at 1073 K, enhanced by 287.5% in contrast with pristine CaTiO3 (ZTmax = 0.08). The defect and energy band modulation strategies proposed to optimize thermoelectric performance are applicable to other thermoelectric materials. This investigation inspires the exploration of high-performance and eco-friendly high-temperature thermoelectric material.

Fabrication, microstructure, and properties of Dy‐doped (Y1−xDyx)3Si2C2 ceramics fabricated by in situ reactive spark plasma sintering

AbstractDysprosium (Dy)‐doped (Y1−xDyx)3Si2C2 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) solid solution ceramics were successfully fabricated using an in situ reaction spark plasma sintering technology, for the first time. The effect of various Dy doping contents (x) on the microstructure, mechanical, and thermal properties of (Y1−xDyx)3Si2C2 ceramics was investigated. The (0 2 0) crystal plane spacing of (Y0.5Dy0.5)3Si2C2 was 7.813 Å, which was smaller than that of Y3Si2C2, due to the fact that the atomic radius of Dy is smaller than that of Y. The Dy doping facilitated the consolidation of (Y1−xDyx)3Si2C2, thus a highly dense (Y0.5Dy0.5)3Si2C2 ceramic material with a low open porosity of 0.14% was successfully obtained at a relatively low temperature of 1 200°C. As the content of Dy doping (x) increased from 0 to 0.5, the purity of (Y1−xDyx)3Si2C2 ceramics increased from 88.3 to 90.7 wt.%, while the grain size of (Y1−xDyx)3Si2C2 ceramics decreased from 0.59 to 0.46 µm. As a result, the Vickers hardness and thermal conductivity of the (Y0.5Dy0.5)3Si2C2 material was 7.1 GPa and 9.8 W·m−1·K−1, respectively.

Praseodymium dysprosium co-doped M-type strontium ferrite: Intentionally manufacturing heterophase growth to improve microwave absorption performance

When excessive praseodymium and dysprosium ions are doped with M-type strontium ferrite, heterophases with different magnetic and electrical properties will be formed. We use this to intentionally induce different heterogeneous growth in the Pr–Dy co-doped strontium ferrite system. While maintaining the dielectric loss of the main phase, the produced heterogeneous phase acts as a companion for dielectric and magnetic losses. The synthesized SrFe12-2xPrxDyxO19 ferrite demonstrates its potential as a microwave absorbing material, exhibiting excellent absorption effects over a wide range of Pr–Dy doping (x = 0.05–1.5). The XRD results show that the synthesized materials include both pure M-phase and coexistence of M-phase and heterophases, and the generated heterophases are mainly perovskite type ferrite and garnet type ferrite. SEM and EDS results indicate that Pr–Dy co-doping can significantly refine the grain size, reduce the grain size of the main and heterophases, and lead to a decrease in oxygen content. The XPS analysis shows that some praseodymium ions are in the Pr4+ oxidation state, leading to the existence of Fe2+ ions and oxygen defects (Od). The VSM results indicate that at different calcination temperatures, the saturation magnetization decreases and the coercivity shows an increasing trend as the Pr–Dy doping amount increases. Pr–Dy doping not only increases the dielectric and magnetic losses of the M phase, but also generates heterophases that can enhance the dielectric and magnetic losses of the material, jointly improving the absorption effect. This results in excellent absorption performance of the material within a large range of praseodymium dysprosium doping contents (x = 0.05–1.5, RLmin = −52.51 dB, EABmax = 4.81 GHz).

High power and high efficiency yellow laser in Dy3+-doped single-mode double-clad structured waterproof fluoro-aluminate glass fiber

We demonstrated a single-mode yellow fiber laser using a Dy3+-doped single-mode double-clad structured weatherproof fluoro-aluminate glass fiber (Dy3+:SM-DC-WPFGF) and a 450-nm GaN laser diode (LD) as the excitation light. The power of 445 mW and the slope efficiency of 51.2% were achieved for the single-mode yellow fiber laser. The power level was approximately 20 times higher than our previous result due to improved efficiency of the focusing optics and increased Dy3+ doping concentration (10,000 ppm) in the fiber core. This yellow fiber laser shows particular promise for use in the medical field, e.g., for the treatment of melasma and telangiectasia.

Effects of Dy doping amount and sintering process on the structure and dielectric properties of Sr1-3x/2DyxTiO3 ceramics

Effects of Dy doping amount and sintering process on the structure and dielectric properties of Sr1-3x/2DyxTiO3 ceramics

Improving multifunctional performance of Dy-doped (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 ceramics via tailoring Dy-doping amount and ceramic processing

[(Ba0.85Ca0.15)1-xDyx](Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 (x mol% Dy-BCZT, x = 0.05, 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 3 mol%) multifunctional lead-free ceramics were prepared by traditional solid-state reaction method, where the influence of Dy doping amount and sintering condition was investigated. All sintered x mol% Dy-BCZT ceramics exhibit pure perovskite structure, large density, and high resistivity, which are affected greatly by Dy doping amount and sintering temperature. The phase structure changes from mainly tetragonal phase to pseudo-cubic phase with the increase of Dy doping amount, and presents irregular change on sintering temperature. Most samples have excellent dielectric, ferroelectric and stain, piezoelectric and fluorescent properties, which can be improved by changing Dy doping amount and tailoring sintering condition. Maximum piezoelectric-fluorescent coupling effect is obtained by selecting composition, optimizing Dy doping amount, and tailoring sintering condition due to morphotropic phase boundary effect and concentration quenching effect, which provides broad application prospect in the field of optoelectronics.

Photocatalytic and antimicrobial studies of green synthesized Dy3+doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared from Rhododendron arboreum petal extract

In this study, the primary focus revolves around the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) and dysprosium-doped zinc oxide (Dy-doped ZnO) nanoparticles utilizing a green chemistry approach, employing Rhododendron arboreum petal extract as a key component. A thorough characterization of nanoparticles has been carried out, involving a range of analytical techniques including UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The structural examination confirmed the persistent hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO nanoparticles, which remained unaltered even with Dy doping. The XPS analysis corroborated the presence of lattice oxygen in addition to confirming the presence of Dy3+ and Zn2+. The results indicated that the incorporation of Dy3+ ions replaces Zn2+ ions in host ZnO leading to an increase in the defects inside ZnO. Based on HRTEM images, the particle size was determined to be 31 nm for ZnO nanoparticles and 39 nm for Dy-doped ZnO nanoparticles. FESEM imaging unveils a morphology reminiscent of pebbles, and EDX spectra provide additional evidence of the presence of Zn, Dy, and O elements within the nanoparticles, which aligns with the findings from XPS. Subsequently, these synthesized nanoparticles were harnessed for the remediation of novacron brown, a textile dye. Additionally, nanoparticles were explored for their antibacterial and antifungal properties which highlight the considerable potential of these nanoparticles in these specific domains.

Exploring the Effect of Dy Doping on the Performance of Solution-Processed Indium Oxide Thin Films and Thin-Film Transistors

Exploring the Effect of Dy Doping on the Performance of Solution-Processed Indium Oxide Thin Films and Thin-Film Transistors

Dielectric, Magnetic and Surface Analytical Study of Dy and Tb Doped (Bi, Pb)(Fe,Ti)O3 Multiferroic Ceramics

Polycrystalline samples of Bi0.8A0.1Pb0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3(where A = Dy and Tb) ceramics have been prepared through high temperature sintering technique. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the ceramics possess perovskite phase with hexagonal crystal symmetry. Dielectric and electrical properties indicate that the Curie temperature shifted to higher temperature with Dy doping. AC conductivity of the sample increases with increase in temperature which confirms the negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behaviour of material. Substitution of Dy and Tb ions at A-site suppress the spiral spin structure of BiFeO3 which is further responsible for the appearance of weak ferromagnetism atroom-temperature.Induced destruction of the spin cycloid due to the Dy and Tb substitution, these multiferroic properties are attributed because of the enhanced magneto-electric interaction.

Efficient photocatalysis of Zn1-2xEuxDyxO nanoparticles towards the degradation of hazardous Rhodamine B dye

Industrial waste is the principal source of highly toxic organic and heavy metals. Treating such effluence is highly required to provide a clean ecosystem for living organisms. Photocatalysis is one of the most efficient, economical, and time-efficient ways for the removal of industrial wastes. In the current search, we propose to prepare a series of Zn1-2xEuxDyxO samples (x = 0.00–0.05), using the simple sol-gel auto-combustion route. The XRD results indicated a hexagonal structure for all samples. The presence of europium and dysprosium elements and their successful doping into the ZnO were proved by XRD and EDX analyses. The mean crystallite size and the values of band gap energy were altered by the Eu and Dy doping. The photocatalytic action of Zn1-2xEuxDyxO samples was assessed for Rhodamine B degradation. The experiments indicated a degradation with an efficiency of 99.1%, 95.1%, and 97.4% for Zn0.98Eu0.01Dy0.01O, Zn0.94Eu0.03Dy0.03O, and Zn0.90Eu0.051Dy0.05O samples, respectively within 90 min. The Zn0.98Eu0.01Dy0.01O sample exhibited the maximum photocatalytic efficiency with an excellent rate constant (r = 0.054 min−1) among all samples. The obtained findings demonstrated that the Eu and Dy co-doping at a specific concentration is a useful way to reach an effective photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles.

Valence electronic engineering of superhydrophilic Dy-evoked Ni-MOF outperforming RuO2 for highly efficient electrocatalytic oxygen evolution

Tackling the problem of poor conductivity and catalytic stability of pristine metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is crucial to improve their oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. Herein, we introduce a novel strategy of dysprosium (Dy) doping, using the unique 4f orbitals of this rare earth element to enhance electrocatalytic activity of MOFs. Our method involves constructing Dy-doped Ni-MOF (Dy@Ni-MOF) nanoneedles on carbon cloth via a Dy-induced valence electronic perturbation approach. Experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that Dy doping can effectively modify the electronic structure of the Ni active centers and foster a strong electronic interaction between Ni and Dy. The resulting benefits include a reduced work function and a closer proximity of the d-band center to the Fermi level, which is conducive to improving electrical conductivity and promoting the adsorption of oxygen-containing intermediates. Furthermore, the Dy@Ni-MOF achieves superhydrophilicity, ensuring effective electrolyte contact and thus accelerating reaction kinetics. Ex-situ and in-situ analysis results manifest Dy2O3/NiOOH as the actual active species. Therefore, Dy@Ni-MOF shows impressive OER performance, significantly surpassing Ni-MOF. Besides, the overall water splitting device with Dy@Ni-MOF as an anode delivers a low cell voltage of 1.51 V at 10 mA cm−2 and demonstrates long-term stability for 100 h, positioning it as a promising substitute for precious metal catalysts.

Doping Dy improves magnetism and electricity in hexagonal boron nitride

Dy-doped hexagonal boron nitride with a circular flaky structure and a diameter of 50 nm was prepared through high-temperature reduction reactions. The hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (hBNNSs) exhibit both room-temperature ferromagnetism and semiconductor conductivity properties. Doping with Dy transforms hBNNSs from insulators to magnetic semiconductors. The saturation magnetization of hBNNSs with a Dy doping content of 0.58 at.% at room temperature is 0.1405 emu/g. This suggests that the Curie temperature of Dy-doped hBNNSs is above room temperature. With increasing temperature, the current of the hBN film rises, demonstrating semiconductor conductive behavior. First-principles calculations indicate that the magnetic properties of the material primarily arise from the f-orbital electrons of the Dy element, while the electrical properties are mainly attributed to the Fermi energy level crossing of the conduction band, influenced by the f-orbital and d-orbital electrons of the Dy element.

Tailoring oxygen disparity induced luminescence of Dy3+ incorporated WO3 thin films

Pure and Dy doped WO3 thin films have been prepared by the physical vapor deposition method of electron beam evaporation technique under a pressure of 1 × 10−5 mbar. Films start out amorphous and become crystalline when they are annealed at 350 °C. The diffraction peaks of the X-ray diffractogram are associated with mixed triclinic and monoclinic phases which is determined by performing Rietveld analysis and confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectra of the prepared WO3 thin films confirm the presence of six valent tungsten (W+6) and trivalent Dysprosium (Dy+3) in the samples. The even and homogeneous distribution of the particles is visible in SEM pictures of the prepared WO3 thin films. The energy band gap values show a significant decrease on annealing and fall more with Dy doping as a result of the emergence of intermediate states. The annealed films have superior transmittance compared to the non-annealed films which are in amorphous state The prepared thin films' PL emission spectra at 410 nm excitation wavelength exhibit blue, green, and yellowish green emissions as a result of optical band-to-band transitions of oxygen vacancies. Due to the existence of defects like oxygen vacancies, strain, etc., amorphous system, or non-annealed films, have shown better photoluminescence at higher rare earth ion concentration than crystalline system, or annealed films. After annealing the thin films, the overall colour hue of the emitted light can be shown to change from cold white to warm white using the Commission International de l'Eclairage (CIE) diagram. These findings imply that numerous lighting applications can make use of the prepared thin films. According to magnetic experiments, Ferromagnetism (FM) increases with Dy doping due to disparity in oxygen vacancies which is consistent with the results of the Pl experiment. The BMP model was used to discuss these results. The magnetic parameters derived from the fitted data are in good accord with the literature, and the experimental results suit the BMP model well.

Thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD) studies of Ca10 K(PO4 )7 :Dy phosphor for applications in radiation dosimetry.

This study reports the thermoluminescence (TL) aspects of Ca10 K(PO4 )7 :Dy phosphor synthesized using a wet chemical method for the first time. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results confirm the formation of the desired crystalline phase. Surface morphological studies reveal the formation of polyhedrons and agglomerations having an average diameter of 200 nm, while energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) data show the presence and composition of the elements in appropriate amounts. The effect of Dy doping concentration has been studied on the TL properties with exposure to gamma radiations from the Co-60 source. The best TL response has been observed for 5mol% Dy doping concentration. The glow curve is simple and consists of a single peak at 130°C. The effect of the heating rate has been studied on the TL glow curve, and the heating rate of 5°C/s shows the best TL response. The various TL properties such as annealing conditions, dose-response, TL linearity, fading, and reusability of the prepared phosphor have been studied to check its suitability as a good TL dosimeter (TLD). TL characterization of the phosphor reports that the TL response is linear from 5- to 2000 Gy. The results show that this phosphor can be a good TLD for the dosimetry of gamma radiations from Co-60.

Magnetically recoverable sol-gel auto-combustion developed Ni1-xCuxDyyFe2-yO4 magnetic nanoparticles for photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, and antibacterial applications

Copper and dysprosium doped NiFe2O4 magnetic nanomaterials, Ni1-xCuxDyyFe2-yO4 (x = y = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03), was prepared by utilizing sol-gel auto-combustion approach to inspect the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) pollutant and also, to perform the electrocatalytic water splitting and antibacterial studies. The XRD analysis reveal the growth of a single-phase spinel cubic structure for produced nanomaterials. The magnetic traits show an increasing trend in saturation magnetization (Ms) from 40.71 to 47.90 emu/g along with a decreasing behaviour of coercivity from 158.09 to 156.34 Oe at lower and higher Cu and Dy doping content (x = 0.0–0.01). The study of optical band gap values of copper and dysprosium-doped nickel nanomaterials decreased from 1.71 to 1.52 eV. This will increase the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue pollutant from 88.57% to 93.67% under natural sunlight, respectively. These findings clearly show that under natural sunlight irradiation for 60 min, the produced N4 photocatalyst displays the greatest photocatalytic activity with a maximum removal percentage of 93.67%. The electrocatalytic characteristics of produced magnetic nanomaterials for both HER and OER were examined with a Calomel electrode taking as a reference in a 0.5 N H2SO4 and 0.1 N KOH electrolyte. The N4 electrode demonstrated considerable 10 and 0.024 mA/cm2 of current density, with onset potentials of 0.99 and 1.5 V for HER and OER and also, have tafel slopes of 58.04 and 295 mV/dec, respectively. The antibacterial activity for produced magnetic nanomaterials was examined against various bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, S. typhi, and P. aeruginosa) in which N3 sample produced significant inhibition zone against gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) but no zone of inhibition against gram-negative bacteria (S. typhi and P. aeruginosa). With all these superior traits, the produced magnetic nanomaterials are highly valuable for the wastewater remediation, hydrogen evolution, and biological applications.

Sol-gel auto-combustion developed Nd and Dy co-doped Mg nanoferrites for photocatalytic water treatment, electrocatalytic water splitting and biological applications

Sol-gel auto-combustion synthesis was considered for development of MgNd0.5xDy0.5xFe2-xO4 (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03) nanoferrites to analyze the structural, optical, morphological, photocatalytic, magnetic, electrocatalytic, and antibacterial traits of nanomaterials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns illustrate the existence of spinel phase for synthesised nano ferrites with no impurity phases. With increased neodymium (Nd) and dysprosium (Dy) content, the energy band gap of produced nanoferrites was decreasing from 1.73 to 1.49 eV. The magnetic characteristics indicates that with Nd and Dy doping, excellent saturation magnetization (Ms) and coercivity (Hc) in the range of 27.47–32.30 emu/g and 51.79–80.28 Oe were observed for produced nanoferrites. Electrocatalytic traits of developed nanoferrites were investigated for HER and OER in 0.5 N H2SO4 and 0.1 N KOH electrolyte using a calomel electrode as a reference electrode, respectively. According to photodegradation investigation, doped samples performed better in terms of photocatalytic efficiency under the specific conditions (catalytic dose = 0.05 g, dye concentration = 10 mg/L− and pH = 7). The prepared MgNd0.015Dy0.015Fe1.97O4 (x = 0.03) nanoferrite sample shows higher photocatalytic activity due to increased active sites and smaller band gap. Furthermore, the catalyst efficiency did not decrease significantly after the five consecutive reuse cycles. The antibacterial effects of developed Mg spinel nanoferrites for gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) are found to be effective. Therefore, with these superior electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and antibacterial traits, the developed Mg nano ferrites are suitable for hydrogen evolution, wastewater treatment, and biological applications.