DVD Players Research Articles

Digital Image and Video Processing: Algorithms and Applications

Many of the techniques that are used in digital image and video processing were developed in the 1960s at Bell Laboratories. These techniques have applications in a variety of fields, including medical imaging, videophone, character recognition, satellite imagery, and wire-photo standards conversion. Additional applications include enhancement of photographs or vidoes. The early stages of image and video processing were developed with the intention of enhancing the overall quality of the image or video. For the purpose of enhancing the visual effect of humans, it is intended for human beings. When it comes to image and video processing, the input is an image of poor quality, and the output is an image and video of higher quality. Research on algorithms and applications of digital image and video processing is the primary purpose of this study, which aims to investigate these topics extensively. The methodology employed in this study is qualitative research technique. In accordance with the findings of this research, "Image Processing" refers to the process of analyzing images with the objective of determining the significance of objects and identifying them. Image analysts analyze data that has been remotely sensed and attempt to detect, identify, classify, measure, and evaluate the significance of physical and cultural objects, as well as their patterns and spatial relationships. One subcategory of signal processing is known as video processing, and it is distinguished by the fact that the signals that are input and output are video files or video streams. Technology such as television sets, videocassette recorders (VCRs), DVD players, and other devices all make use of video processing algorithms. The processing of images and videos is extremely useful in a variety of contexts.

Analysis of the thermal management of electronic equipment byemploying silicon carbide nano-pcm-based heat sink.

Electrical and electronic equipment like light bulbs, computing systems, gaming systems, DVD players, and drones experiences heat generation during extensive use. The heat energy should be liberated to ensure uninterrupted performance and prevent premature failure of the devices. This study uses an experimental setup of the heat sink, phase change material, silicon carbide nanoparticles, thermocouple, and data acquisition system to control heat generation and increase heat lost to the surroundings in electronic equipment. The silicon carbide nanoparticles are mixed in varying compositions, i.e., 1wt.%, 2wt.%, and 3wt.%, in paraffin wax as the phase change material. The influence of the heat input (15W, 20W, 35W, and 45W) through the plate heater is also studied. The operating temperature of the heat sink was allowed to fluctuate between 45 and 60°C while experimenting. The fluctuation in the temperature of the heat sink was recorded to monitor and compare the charging, dwell, and discharging periods in the heat sink. It is observed that increasing the percentage composition of silicon carbide nanoparticles in the paraffin wax resulted in increasing the peak temperature and the dwell period of the heat sink. Increasing the heat input above 15W benefited in controlling the duration of the thermal cycle. It is inferred that high heat input is beneficial in enhancing the heating period, while the percentage composition of silicon carbide in the PCM benefits by increasing the heat sink's peak temperature and dwell period. It is concluded that high heat input, i.e., 45W, is beneficial in enhancing the heating period, while the percentage composition of silicon carbide in the PCM benefits by increasing the heat sink's peak temperature and dwell period.

Integration of Technology in the Classroom Instruction in Relation to Academic Performance

The main purpose of this study is to identify the different technologies used by the teacher and how often they are used in the teaching-learning process. It also determined the significant effect of the technology in the academic performance, as perceived by the respondents. The study used a Descriptive Research Design and utilized a survey questionnaire as a research instrument in gathering data. In addition, the grade five pupils of Punta Central Elementary School served as the respondents of this study. The study found that DVD player was the most common technology used by the teacher in the classroom instruction. Further, it was also found that the teacher seldomly used technology in the classroom. On the other hand, it was perceived by the respondents that the use of technology in the classroom instruction improved their academic performance.

Music Consumption on Digital Platforms: A Study on Bangladeshi University Students

Because of advancements in information technology and the emergence of various digital platforms, there have been significant changes in the way people consume music over the years. Gramophones, audio cassette players, CD and DVD players, and other analog devices that were popular in the past, have become nearly obsolete. The internet and, later, smartphones were the primary drivers of change in the late 1990s. Since the mid-2000s, social media platforms like Facebook and YouTube, as well as online audio stores and streaming platforms like Spotify, iTunes, Amazon Music, Pandora, and SoundCloud, have become the most popular ways for people to listen to music on their smartphones. The internet has a much larger selection of music than traditional sources such as vinyl records, audio cassettes, CD-DVDs, or iPods, which have limited song storage capacities. This study focuses on the growing popularity of online music consumption among Bangladeshi university students. Apart from that, the study sought to explore how university students enjoy music on digital platforms, the platforms they use, whether they use these platforms to consume, or share pirated music, and the devices they use to do so. The researcher interviewed students from various departments at Rajshahi University using a social survey method. According to the study, Rajshahi University students have given up traditional music consumption methods in favour of various digital platforms. In this university, Facebook, YouTube, and Spotify are the most popular platforms for both male and female young students to enjoy music. Music consumption via digital platforms has become an integral part of their daily lives. Students also use social media to share their favorite songs from digital platforms with their family and friends. According to the study, the majority of the students does not listen to music from pirated sources and prefer free sources over digital platforms.

The Communication of Plants and Creatures in the World

Communication is an essential factor for the interactions between species and the structure of their communities. Plant and other world creature interactions are particularly diverse due to the complex nature of their mutualistic relationships. The main important communication of plant are: carrion flowers, living stone plant, butterfly-egg mimicry, orchid mimics bee, bird dropping mimicry, little dragon monkey, large duck orchid, the white egret orchid, dove orchid , tulip orchid, cockleshell orchid, parrot, a naked man orchid, tiger orchid, happy alien, lips, dancing lady orchid, Many arthropods looks like the flower, sticks, seeds , thorn , leaf . These phenomens of creatures in the world is due to self-protection using mimicry and camouflage. Mimicry is the similarity of one species to another. Nature communication will provide a guideline to use these phenomenon for human for example mimicry of X-ray telescope from other creatures, Solar biomimicry, wind turbines, The Solar Sailor, The remarkable eyes of a marine crustacean could inspire the next generation of DVD and CD players, wasp “sniff” explosives and illegal drugs, and remote control.

Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis in HDMI Splitter Selection Using Complex Proportional Assessment Method

High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) technology is used for devices such as HDTVs, Projectors, and DVD players. One HDMI cable can only connect one device, even though, when needed, one computer or laptop can be displayed on several televisions or projectors using HDMI Splitter. HDMI Splitter is an accessory that displays content on multiple screens. HDMI Splitter has been circulated with various brands that offer different capabilities and specifications. Therefore, Therefore, thorough consideration is needed in choosing the right HDMI Splitter. This study aims to build a decision support system with the Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) approach using Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS). The COPRAS method solves the selection problem by calculating the utility level of alternatives, which shows the extent to which an alternative is better or worse than other alternatives through a comparison process. Based on existing studies, the utility values of each alternative were obtained, namely: Robot HDMI Splitter producing a value of 53.73%, Vention HDMI Splitter producing a value of 65.63%, Bafo HDMI Splitter producing a value of 97.13, and PX HDMI Splitter producing a value of 100%. Hence, based on testing through the black box, the best alternative is PX HDMI Splitter.

English

Reliable data on e-waste generation is important for environmentally sound management systems. This study models e-waste generation from existing data on electrical electronics imports, consumption and e-waste generation from Nigerian households. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain information on Electrical Electronic Equipment (EEE) use, reuse, and disposal from households in Nigeria households. Data from placed on the market (POM) were obtained from United Nations University (UNU) for five EEE types (TV, DVD player, refrigerator, desktop and laptop) in Nigeria between 1995 and 2019 using the apparent consumption method. A forecast up to 2020 and backcasts to 1980 were made based on these data. The lifetime profile for these five EEEs was modeled using the Weibull distribution function characterized by a time-varying shape parameter and a scale parameter. The POM data from 1980 to 2020 and the lifetime of the selected EEE from households were analyzed and fit into the Weibull lifetime distribution functions. The differences between reuse and non-reuse options show that around 54 million units of DVD players; 106 million units of CRT TV; 22 million units of the refrigerator; 11 million units of laptops and 24 million units of desktop computers would have been delayed from transiting into e-waste stream between 1981 and 2020 through reuse options.   Key words: Electronic waste, electrical electronic equipment, lifetime distribution, re-use repair, recycling, Nigeria.

Open-source force analyzer with broad sensing range based on an optical pickup unit

In the pharmaceutical field, oral drug delivery devices continue to shrink down to the micrometer scale, driving a trending demand to investigate ex vivo mucoadhesive force down to the micro-Newton scale. However, owing to the limitation of measuring sensitivity, conventional methods (e.g., a texture analyzer) lack reliability while measuring forces in this range. Herein, we report on an open-source force analyzer that utilizes an optical-pickup-unit (from a DVD player) to detect cantilever-based force transducers and thereby, achieves a wide force-sensing range from 1.1 N to 0.99 nN. The cantilever force transducers can easily be adjusted to fit different force ranges by adjusting the steel shim, magnets, and 3D printed components. To validate the analyzer, we conducted a preliminary study to investigate the effect of time and humidity of mucoadhesion of porcine intestinal tissues. Besides, we measured the mucoadhesive force of a single oral drug delivery microdevice with an average force of 93.7 µN on the top sides of the device. This analyzer offers the possibility of measuring e.g. mucoadhesion of individual microdevices in the micro-Newton range. Hence, the analyzer can assist in the development of miniaturized oral drug delivery devices but has a much wider field of potential force sensing applications.

Characteristics and management of scrap metal waste in Cotonou in the Republic of Benin

The development of new technology leads to the consumption of new equipment which finally becomes hazardous waste and difficult to manage. This is what was observed in the city of Cotonou in the Republic of Benin which motivated the initiative of this study, the main objective of which is to describe the mode of management of these types of waste. The data collected concerns the types of electrical and electronic equipment used by professional users and households, as well as their conditions at acquisition and their lifespans. The data were collected from households, professional users and waste pickers. After the collection, the data were entered in the Microsoft Excel 2013 spreadsheet for the analysis and then the calculations of the means, the frequencies and the production of the graphs were carried out with the SPSS 21 software. It has been revealed that among professional users, universities and administrations are major producers of scrap metal, where respectively 30% and 16% of scrap metal was recovered. According to information gathered from these players, 79% of their equipment purchases took place on the local market. At household level, radios, televisions, telephones and refrigerators are the most widely used equipment. Like other electronic and computer equipment, the households surveyed also use computers, printers, DVD players, video players, landline and portable telephones, electronic gadgets, cameras and refrigerators. At the end of its life, 66% of the households surveyed throw their equipment in the trash cans like household waste. This discarded waste is collected by the waste pickers. Among the scrap metal recovered from the latter, motorcycle and car wrecks, television sets are the most popular with respectively 16%, 15% and 14%. Next are refrigerators for 13%, batteries for 12%, followed by electronic and computer devices.

Perancangan dan Implementasi Sistem Pengendalian dan Monitoring Penggunaan Peralatan Elektronik Berbasis Internet of Thing (IoT)

A control and monitoring system for the use of IoT-based electronic equipment has been designed with automatic and manual control systems using Arduino Uno, NodeMCU ESP8266, two PIR sensors, three ACS712 current sensors, three Relay modules and two infrared transmitter modules.The automatic control system will turn off the electronic equipment automatically when the two PIR sensors do not detect any movement and the current sensor detects that the equipment is still ON. The sequence of turning off the equipment in this automatic control is to make the equipment in the ON state into standby by sending ON/OFF data through the infrared transmitter module and then cutting off the current to the equipment using the relay module. Especially for lighting equipment, the system directly cuts off the current using a relay module. In manual control, the ON/OFF control of electronic equipment is carried out based on data sent by the NodeMCU ESP8266 to the Arduino Uno whose settings are carried out in the Blynk application on the user's smartphone. The experimental results show that the controller has automatically been able to turn off the equipment in the order that the equipment conditions are ON to standby and standby equipment to be OFF, specifically for lighting equipment in ON conditions to OFF. The manual control system using the Blynk application on the smartphone can already control the equipment by pressing the button on the selected application and the equipment state monitoring system can display equipment state information on the Blynk application according to the data sent by the main controller. The equipment state detection system can detect the state of the equipment ON or OFF with an average error of 4% of 350 times the variation of the test state on equipment consisting of a TV, DVD player and 8W lamp

Design and Analysis of Planar Transformers in Modern Switching Mode Power Supply

This paper presents a development and calculated rating of high-frequency transformer connect with switch-mode power supplies. These power supplies are used in various devices such as power personal communications services, television, DVD players and charge mobile phones Thus, increasing power density and decreasing cost are still the main factors in designing a switch-mode power supply. Magnetic elements represent a great amount of size in switch-mode power supplies and therefore volume reduction and power density raise are beneficial. These switch-mode power supplies consist of two power stages separated by a power transformer with high frequency power. The transformer architecture, which can run at a high frequency, has since become a major challenge for the engineers. Lower component height and better thermal management are advantages with the planar core design. This paper provides a detailed summary of the operating principles of high-frequency transformers. Two transformers are compared in a dual active bridge converter: a wire wound, a planar. This paper discusses a comparison between the wire-wound transformer, high-frequency transformer, and structures in terms of winding loss, core loss, leakage inductance, parasitic capacitance the focus of this research is to find an optimal transform solution for the converter operating at a power level of 220 W. Furthermore, the power losses of a planar transformer are estimated.

Audio/Video Selector 5 Channel dengan Menggunakan Program Mikrokontroler AT89C2051

Audio / Video Selector 5 Channel with Microcontroller AT89C2051 is a tool used to select one of the audio / video electronic equipment such as DVD player, VCD player, Playstation to be activated. This tool uses the AT89C2051 microcontroller which has been programmed as the control center of the 5 channel audio/video selector circuit by pressing the remote as the controller. The input of the device is connected to several electronic equipment and the output is connected to a television set. This tool makes it easy for owners of television sets that only have one A/V jack input.

Implementation of iPads to Increase Compliance With Delivery of New Parent Education in the Mother-Baby Unit: Retrospective Study.

BackgroundAbusive head trauma (AHT) is a serious health problem affecting more than 3000 infants annually in the United States. The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend that health care providers counsel new parents about the dangers of AHT. Previous studies demonstrate that parental education is effective at reducing AHT events. South Carolina law requires hospitals to offer all new parents with the opportunity to watch an educational video about AHT. This mandate is addressed in different ways at the several delivery centers within a large South Carolina health care system with a range of viewing methods utilized, from DVD players to mobile workstations to personal devices. Frequent technical barriers and workflow inefficiencies resulted in low rates of compliance with this mandate at several campuses. To improve compliance of parent viewing of this educational video, the health care system standardized video viewing protocol across all campuses by implementing the use of iPads for parental education. Existing literature suggests that patient education can be improved in the hospital setting by utilizing tablet computers, but our literature search identified a gap in research around the education of parents and caregivers during hospitalization for childbirth. We used the implementation of an iPad-based parental education delivery protocol to evaluate whether tablet computers can improve compliance with delivering new parent education in the hospital setting.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate whether the standardized use of iPads to deliver education in the mother–baby unit resulted in improved rates of parents’ acceptance of the opportunity to view an educational video about AHT.MethodsWe interviewed physicians and nurses to determine what previous protocols were in place to educate new parents before a standardized iPad-based protocol was implemented across 6 campuses of a large South Carolina health care system. A retrospective study was conducted by review of 5231 records from across the 6 campuses to determine the pre- and postintervention compliance rates of viewing the AHT educational video by parents in the mother–baby unit.ResultsCompliance increased overall (P<.001) across sites from an average of 41.93% (SD 46.24) to 99.73% (SD 0.26) (φ=0.510). As much as 4 of 6 locations saw a significant increase in compliance rates after introducing the iPad intervention (P<.001). The remaining 2 locations that showed no significant difference (P>.05) had very high rates of preintervention compliance.ConclusionsFollowing the implementation of a standardized iPad-based protocol to deliver new parent education, there was a significant improvement in the percentage of new parents who viewed an educational video about AHT in the mother–baby unit. Based on these results, other health care providers should consider iPads to be a feasible and effective method for delivering hospital-based education to families in the mother–baby unit.

(Invited) Resonator and SERS Sensing in the Field of Drug Delivery

Introduction Our research center of excellence IDUN combines research in nanosensors/centrifugal microfluidics and microfabricated devices for oral drug delivery. This allows us to explore the synergy between sensor development and search for new pharmaceutical delivery tools and materials. Our developed nanosensors get access to unique polymers and biomolecules and are able to characterize, among others, small volumes of materials and molecules, which are today not possible to analyze by any standard technologies. We will show examples of recent findings and results within drug/polymer characterization (1) and process monitoring (2) using nanomechanical sensors. Also, new applications within therapeutic drug monitoring using Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) will be presented as well as sensor integration with centrifugal microfluidics platforms. Resonators By monitoring the resonance frequency shift of micrometer sized strings or cantilevers coated with thin layers of polymers, it is possible to monitor phase transitions using only ng of material. We have been able to observe beta relaxation of polymers (3) and drugs (2), see figure 1. These systems also allowed us to monitor degradation of biomaterials used in the fabrication of the microcontainers (4). Also, strings are inherently sensitive to temperature changes (5). The resonant frequency detunes as a function of temperature and temperature changes down to 10-5 °C can be detected. The effect has been used to perform photothermal IR spectra on samples deposited on resonating strings and resonating filters. This has been used to for example study the amorphous and crystalline forms of indomethacin (1). As an alternative to cleanroom fabricated resonators we have used single drug and collagen particles as micro mechanical resonators, thereby eliminating the need for cleanroom processing. This method additionally makes it possible to study the behavior of single crystals, which would otherwise be extremely difficult/impossible. This method has, among others, allowed us to study new phenomena in the hydration/dehydration of drugs (6). Centrifugal microfluidics The optics and mechanics from a DVD player can be used to realize compact and sensitive sensor systems. By rotating a polymer disc with integrated microfluidic channels it is possible to manipulate liquid samples such as blood – performing crucial operations like separation, valving and mixing. We integrate sensor elements such as cantilevers, nanoparticles, resonating strings and SERS substrates with centrifugal microfluidics (7). The sensors are read out by a DVD pick-up head, which can perform transmission/absorption measurements and can detect nm deflections. Also, electrodes and spectrometers are integrated on a disc platform, facilitating electrochemical/Raman measurements. Our nanopillar SERS substrate can be used for sample filtration and separation. Here the nanopillars function similarly to a filter paper in chromatography and can be used to distinguish e.g. different components in a urine sample as well as drug residuals. A SERS chip is placed in a centrifugal microfluidics platform, whereby the sample can be initially centrifuged. Subsequently half the SERS chip is exposed to the centrifuged liquid. Hereby, liquid can travel up the chip by the so-called wicking effect, and depending on affinity of molecules to the surface, different molecules will travel different lengths. Hereby, a separation is secured and the different molecules are read-out as bands on the SERS chip. Acknowledgements This research has received funding from the ERC grant agreement n° 320535 and from the Center of Excellence ’IDUN’ granted by Danish National Research Foundation, DNRF122/the Velux Foundations.

B’laan Population Structure and School Indicators: Basis for School Planning

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the B’laan population structure and school indicators of Matanao II District as basis for school planning.&#x0D; Study Design: Descriptive survey design.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Matanao, Davao del Sur during the School Year 2017-2018.&#x0D; Methodology: The respondents of the study were the fifty (50) Grade Six B’laan pupils, twenty-one and (21) school administrators of Matanao II District. Universal sampling method using the complete enumeration technique was utilized where respondents of the survey were school administrators and barangay personnel. However, cluster sampling was used in selecting the Grade Six pupils among elementary schools in Matanao District.Three sets of survey instruments were used to gather the relevant information. Data gathered were treated using the frequency and relative frequency.&#x0D; Results: Majority of the Grade Six B’laan pupils were in the age of 12 years old and above, female, and believers of Christ to the Orient. Most of them did not have siblings studying in college. Their parents were in the elementary level, earning a monthly income of ₱1,001.00 to ₱3,000.00, and had 1 to 6 children. The common household appliances they had were television set, cellular phone, radio, electric fan, DVD player and motorcycle. The mode of transportation from home to school was mostly through walking. Majority of them did not spend any amount for their transportation, food and daily allowance. As to the profile and structure of the elementary schools, most schools in Matanao II District had a total land area of 2.0 to 2.9 hectares occupied by 4 to 6 buildings having 5 to 8 classrooms. Schools offered complete elementary education with 5 to 8 teachers handling the classes of 100 to 200 B’laan pupils. The number of B’laan pupils graduated from the schools per year was within the range of 10 to 60 pupils. Moreover, the National Achievement Test results showed that schools had an average MPS of 81-85. From the map generated, the researcher found that the average population density of B’laan were 2.07 with barangay Manga, Lagaan and Bangkal as that the top 3 barangays having the largest density of B’laan population.

Retrospective Review of Injury Patterns Among Ghanaian Footballers During the 2009-2010 League Season

BackgroundThe increased popularity of football in addition to the physical and mental demands placed on players increase the risk of soccer injuries. We set out to identify injury patterns among footballers involved in selected Glo sponsored Ghana premier league games during the 2009/2010 season.MethodologyDigital video compact discs (DVDs) of thirty randomly selected 2009/2010 matches were acquired for the study from the Ghana Football Association. A Samsung DVD player and television set were used to playback and watch the matches. The researchers stopped the video immediately an injury occurred and the disc was then put in slow playback movement whilst the occurrence of injury was recorded on an injury report form.All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 20.ResultsA total of 139 injuries were recorded during the study with an average injury incidence of 4.63±1.99 injuries per match. Tackling attempts (51.1%) was the predominant mechanism of injury with the ankle (26.6%) being the most injured body part. There was a significant association between player position and number of injuries suffered (p=0.038) and a significant association observed between player position and severity of injuries (p = 0.042). The uses of icepack (34.5%) and vapocoolant spray (32.4%) were the most common first aid treatment for the injuries sustained.ConclusionThe study indicated that professional football players in Ghana are exposed to high injury risks as evident by the relatively high injury incidence. Keywords: Football, footballers,playback, injuries, digital video compact discs

The impact of digital technology development on sitting time across Europe

Digital technology development has been proposed to explain higher levels of sedentary behaviour; but this has not yet been confirmed. Thus, here we evaluated the impact of digital development on sedentary behaviour using two metrics: digital country development and e-devices ownership from the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) and the Eurobarometer 88.4 cross-sectional survey with 28,031 participants ≥ 15 years old. From an environmental macro perspective, at the national level, a simple linear regression has been performed between the DESI and mean sitting time per country. To develop a micro approach to this phenomenon, binomial logistic regression models have been run among individual e-devices ownership and the daily amount of time spent sitting (≤3.5 h/day, > 4.5 h/day). Digital country development is positively related to sitting time, whereas the ownership of e-device (either DVD player, CD player, desk computer, laptop, and Internet connection) was associated with a higher sitting time (>4.5 h/day) in the overall population, with slight differences by gender. While further research is needed to understand the effect of digitalization on sedentary behaviour throughout time, here we document how it is associated with higher sitting time, as assessed through both macro and micro approaches.

Financial Statement Analyses of Netflix

This paper discusses and analyses Netflix’s financial performance over the past 4 years between 2016 and 2019, with the use of financial ratios. Netflix is well known to many as a major streaming platform and the company that changed traditional DVD players as the main source for movies and TV shows into the more equipped and reliable streaming services. We gather our information from yahoo finance about the performance of Netflix and look at how it has fared between 2016-19 and the points in which Netflix has excelled and the point in which they need some improvements.

(Invited) Resonator and SERS Sensing in the Field of Drug Delivery

Introduction Our research center of excellence IDUN combines research in nanosensors/centrifugal microfluidics and microfabricated devices for oral drug delivery. This allows us to explore the synergy between sensor development and search for new pharmaceutical delivery tools and materials. Our developed nanosensors get access to unique polymers and biomolecules and are able to characterize, among others, small volumes of materials and molecules, which are today not possible to analyze by any standard technologies. We will show examples of recent findings and results within drug/polymer characterization (1) and process monitoring (2) using nanomechanical sensors. Also, new applications within therapeutic drug monitoring using Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering will be presented as well as sensor integration with centrifugal microfluidics platforms. Resonators By monitoring the resonance frequency shift of micrometer sized strings or cantilevers coated with thin layers of polymers, it is possible to monitor phase transitions using only ng of material. We have been able to observe beta relaxation of polymers (3) and drugs (2), see figure 1. These systems also allowed us to monitor degradation of biomaterials used in the fabrication of the microcontainers (4). Also, strings are inherently sensitive to temperature changes (5). The resonant frequency detunes as a function of temperature and temperature changes down to 10-5 °C can be detected. The effect has been used to perform photothermal IR spectra on samples deposited on resonating strings and resonating filters. This has been used to for example study the amorphous and crystalline forms of indomethacin (1). Centrifugal microfluidics The optics and mechanics from a DVD player can be used to realize compact and sensitive sensor systems. By rotating a polymer disc with integrated microfluidic channels it is possible to manipulate liquid samples such as blood – performing crucial operations like separation, valving and mixing. We integrate sensor elements such as cantilevers, nanoparticles, resonating strings and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with centrifugal microfluidics (6). The sensors are read out by a DVD pick-up head, which can perform transmission/absorption measurements and can detect nm deflections. Also, electrodes and spectrometers are integrated on a disc platform, facilitating electrochemical/Raman measurements. Acknowledgements This research has received funding from the ERC grant agreement n° 320535 and from the Center of Excellence ’IDUN’ granted by Danish National Research Foundation, DNRF122/the Velux Foundations.

Centrifugal Paperfluidic Platform for Accelerated Distance-Based Colorimetric Signal Readout.

Distance-based readout is one of the most user-friendly and simple colorimetric signaling methods widely applied for paper-based analytical devices (PADs). This work presents the integration of distance readout PADs into a centrifugal platform enabling affordable, rapid, and sample volume-independent colorimetric assays. Centrifugally assisted distance-based PADs (CD-PADs) eliminate the requirement to use micropipets for sample introduction and reduce the overall time for distance-based assays. All device fabrication steps were performed through computer-controlled print, cut, and laminate (PCL) techniques oriented toward mass production. The inexpensive centrifugal platform was built on a recycled DVD player combined with an open source microcomputer (Arduino). Assay protocols, including rotational velocity and rotation time, were optimized to obtain a maximum dynamic range and reproducible results for sample volume metering (coefficient of variation 3.62%). A colorimetric Ni2+ assay chosen to demonstrate measurements on CD-PADs allowed the detection of nickel ions (Ni2+) with naked-eye interpretation within 1.5 min and a limit of detection (LOD) of 44.1 ng of Ni2+, which to the best of our knowledge is the lowest value reported for a distance-based Ni2+ assay.