Parental Duties Research Articles

POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DALAM MENANAMKAN NILAI-NILAI AGAMA AUD PADA KELUARGA PETANI MELATI DESA DARAMISTA LENTENG SUMENEP

Children's first education comes from the family. The family is the smallest social group in society, generally consisting of father, mother and children. Therefore, it is the duty of parents to educate them to obey Allah SWT according to the stages of their development. However, not all parents have the ability to implement effective parenting. This study attempts to describe parenting patterns and obstacles in developing religious values in children in Daramista Lenteng Village, Sumenep. Interviews, observations, and documentation are data collection techniques used to have more in-depth information regarding the types of parenting styles used and the obstacles faced by parents in developing religious values in early childhood. Informants of this study were selected through a purposive sampling technique with the following criteria; parents work as jasmine farmers, have children aged 4-6 years, and apply this type of parenting pattern. The results of this study indicate that the parenting style applied by parents to farming families in Daramista Lenteng Sumenep Village is democratic parenting. Meanwhile, the obstacles faced by parents on average are related to the lack of alternative solutions in dealing with parenting problems so that the approach chosen sometimes tends to be ineffective.

NEPOTISM AS A PHENOMENON OF UKRAINIAN INGUOMENTALITY (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF RITUAL SONGS)

The presented research is dedicated to the study of the tradition of nepotism in various rituals of both ritual cycles: family and calendar. Taking into account the fact that there is no single point of view among historians, cultural scientists and ethnologists on the understanding of the origins of nepotism, we included in the analysis the texts of ritual songs, in particular, christening songs, which contain information about godfathers, attitudes towards them, characterized their moral qualities and relationships between them. The purpose of the study was to analyse the texts of folk songs, which reveal the ancient folk tradition of nepotism among Ukrainians. The object of our attention was the phenomenon of nepotism, that is, the presence of them in separate rituals of the family and calendar cycle. The subject was the characteristics of godparents and the relationship between them, the attitude towards the godparents of godchildren, etc. In the process of working with the texts of ritual songs, we used the methods of induction and synthesis, descriptive and comparative methods, as well as the method of contextual and interpretive analysis of folklore texts. The etymology of the words kum and kuma confirms the information that most of the rites of the family cycle were purely female. Ethnographic materials testify to the importance and necessity of the presence of them in the christening ritual. After the christening ritual in the church, the organizers of the festive dinner could be both the parents of the newborn child and the godfather and godmother. At dinner, the main ones were the midwife and godparents, they were the ones who sang majestic songs. Taking into account the fact that the godfather and godmother were chosen for the child with the aim and the possibility of fully duplicating the duties of the biological parents in case of misfortune with the latter, in ancient times sexual relations between godfathers were not condemned, as between a real husband and wife. As a result of the research, we came to the following conclusions: the tradition of nepotism in family rites was primary; in calendar – secondary. Grooming in the broadest sense involved the establishment of family or blood relations; in a narrow way – duplication of married life in all its manifestations as a result of imitative magic, in which the ancestors believed. Godfathers were treated with great respect, even more than biological parents. Folk songs about godparents that have come down to our times record a later period when they were honoured and glorified, and intimate relationships between godparents were condemned.

Navigating Parental Duties in a TikTok World, the UK and Nigeria Regulations and the Online Safety Bill

According to Ofcom, half of children used TikTok in 2021 and it is the third most used platform behind YouTube and WhatsApp. TikTok is a social media app with one billion monthly active users (Cervi et al., 2022; Dellatto, 2021). installed on devices, 3.5 billion times, available in 154 countries and accessible in thirty-nine languages. TikTok is offered to children of 13 years old (Independent Digital News and Media, 2022; Hoegh, 2022). TikTok was founded in 2018 with a mission to inspire creativity and bring joy (TikTok, 2023). However, its screentime consumption for children has experienced revolutionary change. One in five UK internet users are children according to the UK department for science Innovation and Technology, (2021) most of whom are on TikTok. Children are exposed to over one billion videos on TikTok every day This paper seeks to comparatively investigate the cultural differences, approaches, and challenges to parenting, responsible social media use by children in the United Kingdom and Nigeria (Attrill et al., 2016). To ascertain, whether the existing legal framework is sufficient in enforcing safeguarding measures required of TikTok and other social media platforms.

Ochrona prywatności dziecka w zakresie zastosowania przy jego poczęciu technik medycznie wspomaganej prokreacji

This article deals with the legal assessment of the phenomenon of public disclosure by well-known people of information about the birth of their child conceived by assisted reproductive technology. The term refers here to the disclosure to third parties and not to the child, and thus concerns external relations and not those within a family. The author analyses Art. 4 of the Polish Infertility Treatment Act which explicitly obliges to provide infertility treatment with respect for the right to private life. The author draws attention to the goals of the legal regulation which imposes on doctors the duty to find a matching donor on the basis of phenotypic data. The article also points out the legitimacy of establishing certain duties of parents with regard to the protection of their children's right to privacy. Is a socially justified interest as a premise excluding the illegality of the violation of the child's privacy?

PERANAN KELUARGA, SEKOLAH DAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMBENTUKKAN KARAKTER ANAK DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of family, school and society in shaping children's character education which is very important and cannot be separated. In the family, it is the duty of parents to educate their children to be good children and have good manners and morals as well. This research method uses a qualitative approach to literature. The results of this study state that there are binding regulations in the sense of the word when there are residents who violate these rules, they will be given sanctions from traditional leaders in the community.

Liability for Violation of the Duty of Care and Upbringing in the Criminal Code of the Federal Republic of Germany

The relevance of the topic of research is determined by the fact that the problem of non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment by parents (persons who replace them) of childcare responsibilities exists in all countries, regardless of the form of government, state system and income level of the population. Ukraine is in the process of integration with the European Union, so it is useful to study the foreign legislative approach to regulating responsibility for the violation of these obligations. The aim of the article is to study the German experience of establishing criminal liability for non-fulfillment of childcare obligations. Dogmatic, systemic-structural, statistical, historical-legal, formal-legal research methods were used in the research. Attention is paid to German legislation, which provides for the right and duty of parents to care for and bring up children. The genesis of the criminal law regarding the liability for violation of these duties is given. Statistical data on the number of criminal proceedings and persons convicted of this criminal offense (2010–2021) are summarized. The peculiarities of the structure of the crime provided for in § 171 of the Criminal Code of the Federal Republic of Germany have been studied; objective and subjective characteristics. The analysis was carried out on the basis of the doctrine of German criminal law and the practice of courts of general jurisdiction, in particular the Federal Supreme Court of Germany. The practice of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany was used. Based on the study, conclusions were formulated regarding the definition of: the legal interest that is protected; signs of "gross" violation of duties; criteria for establishing the consequence of the crime, which is provided as the tort of creating danger. The peculiarities of the qualification of the crime in case of its commission in a place where an armed conflict is taking place are noted. The allocation of an independent structural section (subsection) in the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which includes criminal offenses against family, is supported. The discussion of the criminalization of harm caused by a crime provided by Art. 166 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, creating a real threat (danger) of causing harm to the victim is proposed.

Analysis of biographies of alcohol-addicted women in the memoirs of their daughters (based on letters of adult daughters of alcoholics)

This study reconstructs the major biographical themes in the stories of daughters of alcohol-dependent women relating to their mothers. In particular, the article concerns the daughters experience of the mothers alcoholic disease, the phenomenon of violence in the family and the change in the mothers behaviour during attempts at addiction treatment. The research sample consisted of ten letters from adult daughters of alcoholic mothers written to their mothers as a part of the treatment of co-dependency and published in the daily press and on portals addressed to adult children of alcoholics. A biographical approach (a thematic type) was used in the research study. The analysis and interpretation of the letters based on their content revealed that alcoholic mothers managed to keep the family unaware of the disease for a long time, usually until the childs early adolescence or adulthood, especially when non-drinking fathers compensated for the lack of maternal care. The mothers exclusion from housework contributed to the emergence of the phenomenon of parentification (instrumental and emotional) among the daughters, who took over a significant part of the parental duties they showed mechanisms characteristic of the family heroine and the supporter. During the alcoholic binges, the mothers used drastic forms of physical and psychological violence against their daughters and husbands. Such violence often extended into the childrens adult life. Addicted women did not attempt treatment for a long time due to internal barriers (in their consciousness), and they did not identify with the image of an alcoholic (perceived by them and representatives of social services in a stereotypical way). They hid and ignored their problem, despite receiving support from their life partners and daughters in the recovery process.

Iranian women, e-learning, and experience of motherhood in the age of COVID-19: An analysis of mothers’ lived experience of their children's e-learning

The present study aimed to explore the lived experience of Iranian mothers about the process of e-learning for their children by way of a qualitative approach and phenomenological study. Semi-structured telephone interviews were held with 28 mothers residing in Tehran (the capital of Iran) in the second half of 2021. Maximum variation sampling was carried out to recruit a variety of interviewees, and theoretical sampling was performed to reach conceptual saturation. The interview data were encoded by thematic analysis. The themes were classified into the three categories of basic, organizing, and global themes. The research findings showed that Iranian mothers have been faced with multiple challenges, burdens, and inequalities with respect to their children's e-learning during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Family-centered and mother-centered e-learning, motherhood at the intersection of multiple identities, mothers’ multiple fears and concerns, and gender inequality in parental duties constituted a major part of the lived experience of Iranian mothers during the pandemic. In total, the findings showed that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the multiple responsibilities of women, especially about their children, and has delegated a double burden of education responsibilities to mothers.

REGULASI DIRI ORANG TUA DALAM PENGASUHAN ANAK AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER DI MASA PANDEMI

Parenting of Autism Spectrum Disorder children has great challenges especially during the covid-19 pandemic due to reduced social support, increased parental duties, and the child behavior. Parental self-regulation is important because it affects positive parenting practices, which support the optimization of children's development. This study aims to understand the description of parental self-regulation in parents of Autism Spectrum Disorder children during the covid-19 pandemic. This research is descriptive explanatory design-mixed methods, included 120 parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder completed the “Me as a Parent” questionnaire, measured four parental self-regulation domains: self-efficacy, personal agency, self-management and self-sufficiency. Interviews are conducted on representatives of high, moderate, and low categories of participants to obtain qualitative data. The result shows that most of the participants have moderate category of parental self- regulation, approximately a quarter of the participants in the high category, and a small proportion in the low category. Descriptive data analysis showed that some of the participants had low parental self-regulation, which was supported by qualitative data. Based on the results, a training was designed that aims to improve parental self-regulation of parents with Autism Spectrum Disorder children, through developing domains with discussion and practice.

THE PLIGHT OF ATA-MANOBO SCHOLARS OF DATU JOSE A. LIBAYAO-DAVAO DEL NORTE STATE COLLEGE

College life has always been challenging. Thus, college life may be the most difficult for an Indigenous scholar like the Ata-Manobo of DJAL-DNSC. This study delved into Ata-Manobo scholars' personal experiences, coping mechanisms, and insights as scholars. The study employed a qualitative research design using a phenomenological approach. Results revealed that Ata-Manobo scholars are brawling against their cultural practice of early marriage and now desire to teach education. Moreover, scholars showed difficulty in academics. Social and emotional distractions were also observed, like drinking alcohol with peers, calling and texting with a girlfriend; executing parental duties; lacking support from family; and worrying about the family at home.Commissioning someone as counsel who will guide them in their culture-related struggles and academic challenges may lighten their plight.

Aplikasi dan Sistem Pemantau Gizi Balita Melalui Berat dan Tinggi Badan Bayi untuk Pelayanan Posyandu Anyelir 1 Surabaya Berbasis Internet of Things

Based on Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (IDAI), one of the indicators used to monitor the physical growth and development of healthy children is through body weight. It is recommended that in infancy, parents routinely monitor the baby's weight and height. In Indonesia, there is a posyandu program that facilitates regular checking of baby's weight. Currently the monitoring system for baby weight and height at Posyandu Anyelir 1 Surabaya is still done manually, namely weighing babies on traditional scales and manual height, then manually recording them on the Towards Healthy Card (KMS) both in the cadre records and parents of toddlers. This makes monitoring less well recorded, especially if the KMS is lost. So that the PENS Community Service program makes Smart Posyandu Products: Applications and Toddler Nutrition Monitoring Systems Through Baby Weight and Height for Posyandu Services Based on the Internet of Things. By applying the case study method to implementing Smart Posyandu Products at posyandu, Smart Posyandu Products can be accepted by the Posyandu. So that the results of community service activities can help the duties of posyandu cadres and parents of toddlers in monitoring toddler nutrition effectively and efficiently.

The Exploratory Analysis of Urgence of Islamic Education to Develop The Personality of School-Age Children

This study aims to investigate the importance of implementing of Islamic education to develop the personality of school-age children. Every human being has a personality that is different from one other. The existence of this difference makes humans belong to unique creatures. This research was a qualitative approach with a type of library research. This study will analyze the importance of Islamic education for children in various pieces of literature. The results showed that the factors that affect the child's age come from the innate (inside), the environment (outside), and the maturation of his soul. Islam views every person has mental and physical potential that can elevate his dignity as caliph on this earth. Humans have soul potential which includes heart, lust, reason, and spirit. To cultivate the potential to become a good personality, the role and duties of parents have a great responsibility to foster children's mentality to be directed to the mental development of Muslim personalities.

“Adoption is just not for me”: How abortion patients in Michigan and New Mexico factor adoption into their pregnancy outcome decisions

ObjectivesIn public discourses in the United States, adoption is often suggested as a less objectionable, equal substitute for abortion, despite this pregnancy outcome occurring much less frequently than the outcomes of abortion and parenting. This qualitative study explores whether and how abortion patients weighed adoption as part of their pregnancy decisions and, for those who did, identifies factors that contributed to their ultimate decision against adoption. Study designWe interviewed 29 abortion patients from 6 facilities in Michigan and New Mexico in 2015. We conducted a thematic analysis using both deductive and inductive approaches to describe participants’ perspectives, preferences, and experiences regarding the consideration of adoption for their pregnancy. ResultsParticipants’ reasons why adoption was not an appropriate option for their pregnancy were grounded in their ideas of the roles and responsibilities of parenting and fell into three themes. First, participants described continuing the pregnancy and giving birth as inseparable from the decision to parent. Second, choosing adoption would represent an irresponsible abnegation of parental duty. Third, adoption could put their child’s safety and well-being at risk. ConclusionsAdoption was not an equally acceptable substitute for abortion among abortion patients. For them, adoption was a decision that represented taking on, and then abdicating, the role of parent. This made adoption a particularly unsuitable choice for their pregnancy. ImplicationsRhetoric suggesting that adoption is an equal alternative to abortion does not reflect the experiences, preferences, or values of how abortion patients assess what options are appropriate for their pregnancy.

Burden of Care among Mothers Having Children with Thalassemia

Introduction: Thalassemia, an inherited disorder is characterized by reduction in the ability of the body to synthesize hemoglobin. Though care giving is a normal parental duty, providing lifelong care to thalassemic children may increase burden among parents. The objective of this study was to find out the burden of care among mothers having thalassemic children. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 100 mothers attending a Thalassemia day care center in Kathmandu, Nepal. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to collect data through interview using Zarit Burden Interview scale. Results: Findings revealed that out of 100 mothers, 19% had little or no burden, 43% had mild level of burden of care, 34% had moderate burden of care and 4% had severe burden of care. It was found that 43% of the mothers frequently felt that child is depended upon her, 20% of the mothers, frequently felt stressed from caring their children. 35% of the mothers frequently felt that money is insufficient to care for their child. Statistically significant association was found between level of burden with economic status (p=0.002) and place of residence (p=0.03). Conclusion: The study concludes that mothers face burden of caring the child having thalassemia. Burden of care among mothers tends to be influenced by the family economic status and residence. This burden should be minimized by health personnel through proper counseling and support to mothers of thalassemic children

Kebijakan Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB) Online di Sekolah pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Online education policy is a well-defined application of policies in education. Online policies are used as the basis for implementing a new educational acceptance system by way of online. The objective is to find out how the implementation of the new education policy is online and to look at the issues raised at the time of policies carried out in the school. Based on the implementation of the online PGDP on a predetermined principle, however, technical guidelines were established based on dictating the number 44 2019 as the receipt of the new trainee. Under the terms of technical PGDP instruction online has two pathways, i.e. 's zoning and non-zoning made up of affirmation, achievement, and the transfer of parental duties. The conclusion that the implementation of the policy of upper-school admissions online is already well under way of policy content, the benefits received, the changes expected, the location of decision and characteristic of existing institutions and regimes, and the power, interests, and strategies of the actors involved. But from the policy executive side, resources and compliance levels have not been working properly. Such things are hindering the success of the new learner's receiving policies online.

HAKIKAT MANUSIA DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

Educating is the duty, mandate, and responsibility of parents, teachers, or authorized educators. in any environment and situation, an educator must make students able to absorb and understand the material and teaching that is directed and conveyed. In addition, the totality of teaching staff is also a capital in achieving the expected educational goals. Educational work is not only a family obligation, but also an obligation for educators in schools. school as a formal educational institution in the sense that it is carried out on the basis of strong regulations and with certain conditions and a certain basis.

"We Absolutely Had the Impression That It Was Our Decision"-A Qualitative Study with Parents of Critically Ill Infants Who Participated in End-of-Life Decision Making.

Guidelines recommend shared decision making (SDM) between neonatologists and parents when a decision has to be made about the continuation of life-sustaining treatment (LST). In a previous study, we found that neonatologists and parents at a German Level-III Neonatal Intensive Care Unit performed SDM to a variable but overall small extent. However, we do not know whether parents in Germany prefer an extent of more or sharing. We performed a qualitative interview study with parents who participated in our first study. We analyzed the semi-structured interviews with qualitative content analysis according to Kuckartz. The participation in medical decision making (MDM) varied across cases. Overall, neonatologists and parents conducted SDM in most cases only to a small extent. All parents appreciated their experience independent of how much they were involved in MDM. The parents who experienced a small extent of sharing were glad that they were protected by neonatologists from having to decide, shielding them from a conflict of interest. The parents who experienced a large extent of sharing especially valued that they were able to fulfil their parental duties even if that meant partaking in a decision to forgo LST. Other studies have also found a variety of possibilities for parents to partake in end-of-life decision making (EOL-DM). Our results suggest that parents do not have a uniform preference for one specific decision-making approach, but rather different parents appreciate their individual experience regardless of the model for DM. SDM is apparently not a one-size-fits-all approach. Instead, neonatologists and parents have to adapt the decision-making process to the parents' individual needs and preferences for autonomy and protection. Therefore, SDM should not be prescribed as a uniform standard in medico-ethical guidelines, but rather as a flexible guidance for DM for critically ill patients in neonatology.

Toward a Possible Reassessment of Causes and Protecting Strategies Underlying the Dynamic of Parental Burnout in Costa Rica

Objective. This study aims to reach an initial understanding of some specific cultural characteristics of parental burnout in Costa Rica. The findings stem from analyzing specific family configurations of parental burnout during parenting. Method. An intentional sample of 146 mothers and 102 fathers (n= 248, mean age 37) was selected. They completed a questionnaire regarding socio-demographics, Parental burnout assessment, Gender roles, Independent-interdependent Self, Involvement in parental function and duties, and the Parental goals and values. Results. there is a low prevalence of parental burnout and an average level of individualism in parenting. Although the study failed to identify high degrees of parental burnout in the Costa Rican sampled parents, which tend to be rather moderate or low in comparison with other countries, there seems to be an initial tendency of some type of family toward increasing burnout as well as noteworthy traits of familial dynamics that might function as mitigating or even protective factors against parental burnout.

Institutions Strengthening the Position of the Injured Party of the Offence of Failure to Pay Alimony under Section 196 of the Czech Criminal Code and in Selected European Legal Regulations

Summary The offence of failure to pay alimony under section 196 is one of the most frequent offences in the Czech Republic. Since the protected interest is the right to support and maintain and the most common is the duty of parents towards their children, it is a very serious illegal activity that significantly endangers children and has a negative impact on their development, both health and social. In recent years, Czech legislators have focused on this issue and adopted institutes that strengthen the position of the injured party in these cases. Any kind of sanction has proved to be an ineffective tool for enforcing the delinquent alimony, so it has been necessary to ensure that it can be enforced by other means. Therefore, the legislators broadened the definition of the injured party in criminal proceedings and introduced the so-called substitute alimony. It is also interesting to look into foreign legal regulations and compare selected institutes.

Healthcare workers' knowledge and perceptions on the prescripts of the criminal law (sexual offences and related matters) Amendment Act 5 of 2015 in East London, South Africa.

In 2015, South Africa amended the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act 5 of 2015 to address several disparities surrounding the issue of consensual sex among minors. The amendment Act and its prescripts were met with mixed reactions from the stakeholders, healthcare workers and community. This affected its implementation as some supported the amendment while others opposed it based on their perceptions of the prescripts. The study was conducted in clinics in East London to explore the perception of healthcare workers (HCWs) regarding the prescripts of this Act and their implications to adolescent sexual and reproductive health services. The qualitative research approach and a combination of descriptive and exploratory research design were used to conduct the study. Data were collected through key-informant interviews, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions and analysed using thematic method. There were positive and negative perceptions that influenced the HCWs' attitudes and performance of their adolescent sexual and reproductive health duties towards minors. Those with positive perceptions regarded the Act as an enabler in the provision of adolescent sexual and reproductive health services that maintains adolescents' privacy and confidentiality as minors do not need parental consent to access these services. Those that had negative perceptions viewed the Act as taking away parental responsibilities, overloading health workers with parental duties and encouraging minors to be sexually active. The study recommended increased awareness about the Act to all members of society including minors, schools, parents and HCWs to ensure successful implementation of the Act.