Dutch Colonial Buildings Research Articles

Curating culture: Instagram and the visual representation of heritage tourism in Surabaya

This study investigates how Instagram shapes public engagement with cultural heritage through a case study in Surabaya, Indonesia. Surabaya possesses diverse assets; however, its tourism potential remains underexplored compared with established destinations such as Yogyakarta. Instagram offers opportunities to study how Surabaya’s identity is visually constructed and promoted to visitors. Through hashtag #surabayaheritage, users practice certain perspectives on the city’s multifaceted history. This study aims to investigate how Instagram shapes public engagement with cultural heritage through a case study of Surabaya, Indonesia. Specifically, this research examines how Surabaya's identity is visually constructed through the hashtag #surabayaheritage on Instagram. Employing both qualitative content analysis and critical visual discourse, this study examined 100 top Instagram posts, revealing that heritage discourse dominated the posts, with Dutch colonial buildings being the primary photographic subjects. The research findings also emphasise that while the historical discourse emphasises architectural details and educational history, it marginalises other aspects of cultural heritage, especially those that do not originate from the colonial era. By applying visual discourse analysis, this aestheticised selective gaze indicates the productive power of Instagram conventions in framing heritage sites. Further research should incorporate non-Instagram perspectives and spatial analysis. As heritage tourism expands globally, critical examination of social media discourse provides vital insights into the risks and opportunities for inclusive and sustainable development, particularly for local communities.

Presence and Function of Roof Ventilation in Housing Estates in the Humid Tropics

Traditional Indonesian and Dutch colonial buildings often include an attic for ventilation and natural lighting. However, most Manado homes have corrugated zinc roofs and no attic ventilation. Zinc-roofed building roof ventilation and thermal comfort in Griya Paniki Indah, Taman Mapanget Raya, and Kharisma Koka housings are studied. We created two test cells with and without roof ventilation. A vented ceiling cools the test cell by 1.2 °C during the day. Modern, simple homes with unventilated roofs dominate the three residential districts. All responders reported daytime and nighttime discomfort or excessive temperatures. Residents were striving hard to control the room's environment due to these conditions. Air conditioning, fans, windows, and ventilation are used daily. Thus, attic ventilation benefits must be publicised. This improves building and household energy efficiency and thermal comfort.

Background to the Arrival of the Dutch, VOC, Dutch East Indies

The arrival of the Dutch to Indonesia was initially motivated by the ship's aim of searching for spices, and the first Dutch ships entered the waters of the Indonesian archipelago in 1596, after the arrival of the Portuguese and Spanish. The history of the arrival of the Dutch to Indonesia includes several political events and ocean exploration carried out by Europeans. In 1602, the VOC (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie) was founded by the Dutch government with the aim of controlling and trading the abundant spices in the Asian region. VOC became the first multinational company in the world by introducing a trading system and controlling ports and kingdoms in Indonesia. At that time, the Netherlands experienced important policies such as the right of expatriation, which guaranteed the right to cut and burn spices, and contingenten, which was a policy of taxpayers who had to guarantee a predetermined nominal amount. In running its government, the VOC experienced various economic policies aimed at controlling trade and supervising monopolies. However, several factors such as competition between Dutch traders, intense trade competition with England and France, and rampant corrupt practices influenced the VOC's success. In 1799, the VOC was officially declared bankrupt, and its assets were taken over by the Dutch government. In the context of colonial rule, the Netherlands experienced important policies such as expatriation, contingent and church rights. Dutch colonial buildings in Indonesia developed with architecture that reflected local culture, and churches were one of the buildings standing at that time

Range of Types of Local Element Synthesis Forms and Non-Local on Villa Isola Building in Bandung City

The Indis architecture of the 1920s to 1940s in Indonesia was a phenomenon of the formation of Dutch colonial buildings with high architectural value that still survive today. The shape results from combining modern European architecture with Indonesian vernacular architecture. The research uses a range theory approach to the type of architectural synthesis forms, architectural synthesis theory, local and non-local elements theory, architectural synthesis form theory, archetypes theory, and typology theory. The research methodology is carried out with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative approach is descriptive and interpretative research, where the data is more concerned with interpreting local and non-local architectural elements in the object of study. The quantitative approach is confirmatory to prove it under the research objectives. The results of the study are expected to provide an understanding of the range of types of synthesis forms of local and non-local elements; aspects that affect the range of types of synthesis forms; form, form, and type of architectural synthesis; the range type model of the architectural form on Indis architecture building.

Language Variations for Tourism Sectors around of English and Dutch Colonial Buildings: Sociolinguistics and Ethnolinguistics Studies

The purpose of this research is to know the language variations through Sociolingustics and ethnolinguistics studies in the English heritage and colonial building areas. The approach used in this research is qualitative. The strategy of in this research designed by combining the qualitative research design from Lincoln (2003) with the descriptive qualitative research design from Permadi (2013). The research results in the emergence of code-mixing and code-switching in society. There are several languages are spread in those cultural heritage, such as: Chinese, Melayu, Arabic, Bugis, Maduresse and Indonesia. While, Banyuwangi has Oseng Language.Thus, the conclusion that it is necessary to understand the potential of the language used in society. In this case, not only the text but its use in social and cultural contexts because language does not only depend on its social aspects in the sense of how language is used in social contexts and culture but then how language finally can be an additinaol potention to support colonial tourism destination in Banyuwangi. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui variasi bahasa melalui pendekatan sosiolingusitik dan ethnolingusitik di Kawasan cagar budaya Inggrisan dan dua bangunan kolonial. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Strategi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dirancang dengan mengkomibansi antara desain penelitian kualitatif dari Lincoln (2003) dan desain kualitatif deskriptif Permadi (2013). Hasil penelitian yang didapat bahwa terdapat campur kode dan alih kode dalam kehidupan di masyarakat. Ada beberapa bahasa yang tersebar dalam warisan budaya tersebut, seperti: Cina, Melayu, Arab, Bugis, Madura dan Indonesia. Dengan demikian, kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah perlunya memahami potensi bahasa yang digunakan dalam masyarakat. Dalam hal ini, bukan hanya teksnya tetapi penggunaannya dalam konteks sosial dan budaya karena bahasa tidak hanya bergantung pada aspek sosial dan budaya saja tetapi bagaimana bahasa kemudian bisa dijadikan sebagai potensi tambahan untuk menunjang destinasi pariwisata kolonial di Banyuwangi.

Transition in Building Function of the Former Official Residences for Residents and Resident Assistants from the Dutch Colonial Heritage of the 19-20th Century in Madiun Raya

<em>Resident and resident assistants</em><strong> </strong><em>are designations for colonial officials assigned to assist the Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies in the administrative area of the residency level. This research aims to trace the existence of Dutch colonial heritage buildings in the administrative area of the Madiun Residency, now termed Madiun Raya, consisting of Madiun, Ponorogo, Pacitan, Ngawi, and Magetan. This research is obtained through a unit analysis research with the main subject being Dutch colonial buildings and a historical approach. The stages are heuristics (gathering sources), source criticism, interpretation, and historical writing. This research results in four findings in the form of official residences for Residents and Resident Assistants who have ruled Madiun Raya from 1830 to 1942, including the official residence of Madiun Resident, official residence of Ponorogo Resident Assistant, official residence of Pacitan Resident Assistant, and official residence of Ngawi Resident Assistant. Then, it explains the transition function of the four buildings in the present.</em>

KOTA DEPOK: SEJARAH DAN HARI JADINYA

This study discusses issues regarding the history and anniversary of the city of Depok. It cannot be denied that the city of Depok has a long history because it has existed since the 17th century. This can be seen from the Dutch colonial buildings located in the city of Depok, but now they have changed their function and have been destroyed. However, the city of Depok developed into a modern city and left its identity as a city with a million history in it. The historical aspects inherent in Depok are gradually being eroded as the function of heritage buildings has changed into commercial facilities such as kiosks and shops. This study aims to describe the history of the founding of the city of Depok. In addition, it also examines the anniversary of the city of Depok which should be. This study uses a qualitative approach with library research methods. This library research was conducted by reading and analyzing books, journals, and various literature reading materials which were then outlined in this paper. This study found the fact that Depok is a city that is hundreds of years old and keeps long historical records so that it is not much different from the cities of Bandung and the cities of Jakarta.

Serial Vision as a Character Forming Element of Visual Corridors Diponegoro Street Salatiga

Diponegoro Street is one of the main roads in Salatiga City, where there are still many buildings from the Dutch Colonial and vegetation in the form of large trees which visually gives its own characteristics and can describe Salatiga City as a resting place in the past. Over time, the Diponegoro road underwent a physical change in line with urban needs. It is feared that there will be a shift in the visual character so that this study aims to determine the visual character of the corridor which can be done through serial vision analysis. The method used is a descriptive exploratory approach where the researcher acts as the main instrument in digging and analyzing field data. The results show that the character of the Diponegoro Street corridor as a heritage area of ​​the Dutch Colonial is getting stronger towards the east which is marked by the dominance of the Dutch Colonial buildings, vegetation in the form of large trees, and elements on street furniture with classical designs.

Niuweu Bowen Architecture Style toward City Visual Quality

This study conducts to explore and identify the development journey of Niuweu Bowen architecture in Medan. This architecture developed in the Netherlands is in line with the development of Modern Architecture in Europe. Its evolution is inseparable from the Industrial Revolution that hit European countries at that time. With patterns and forms that are no longer the same as the architecture of the previous period (Renaissance Architecture), this architecture has spread to various corners of the world. Indonesia, which became a Dutch colony, also felt this influence entering the architectural formations in Indonesia. The most prominent derivative is a part of the building that elevate likes a tower but is not too high from the main building. This study aims to identify the forms and characteristics of this architecture in Medan city which can add to the visual quality of the city. The study location is in Medan city, especially where there are relics of the Dutch colonial buildings. The method used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative to describe and examine the facts contained in the field and analyze them with the theories used. The results obtained are that the architecture has the same essence as Modern Architecture but is different from the play of forms and building facades. Windows, ornament, decoration, and towers have a correlation with visual quality. The presence of buildings in the Niuweu Bouwen style can add to the visual quality of the city through the facade of the building appears.

Sarinah Braga, a Revitalization of the Landmark

The Braga area in the city of Bandung, which is two centuries old, is still a legendary area that continues to preen. Its two-centuries-old certainly leaves many traces and silent witnesses to the beautiful past on these Dutch colonial buildings. Conservation in an area has a significant role in maintaining the dignity of a region and a sustainable city. One way to conserve cultural heritage areas is revitalization. Sarinah building, one of the Braga landmarks, has been established since 1910 has changed its function after the revitalization process of this historic building was carried out in 2018. The purpose of this research is to review the significant change inSarinah Braga over 110 years and how the latest revitalization carries the image of Sarinah Braga to the new lifestyle as a method of adaptive reuse. This research uses the descriptive method of Qualitative methodology using survey and documenter analysis to describe the phenomenon of the Sarinah Braga revitalization as an area landmark, thus its image as a city landmark. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods by making direct visits to the location, documentation, and literature.

Evaluation of the Implementation of the Revitalization Program in Preservation of Van Den Bosch Fortress in Ngawi

One of the relics of Dutch colonial buildings in Indonesia is the Van Den Bosch Fortress, this fortress has a revitalization program that is in line with the heritage city program of the Direktorat Jendral Penataan Ruang Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat Republik Indonesia (PUPR). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent of the implementation of revitalization to increase the benefits and direction of preservation of the fortress, and to support Ngawi Regency as a conservation activity for the Cultural Heritage City as the main strategy for urban development. Revitalization evaluation techniques are seen based on the level of vitality of the built area which includes several aspects such as decreasing physical quality of buildings, regional images, economic and activity social. The writer used the descriptive qualitative method by collecting data related to Fort Van den Bosch, then data analyzed by using the Miles and Huberman method. The results of the evaluation study found the implementation of the Van Den Bosch Fortification revitalization program encountered several obstacles and the revitalization program was divided into 2, such as the core of building of the fort and the development of the fort area environment. Keyword: Van Den Bosch Fortress, Evaluation, Conservation, Revitalization

Traditionalism in Dutch Colonial Architecture in Gorontalo

Humans basically cannot break away from the past which gave birth to the thoughts and values. These thoughts and values passed down continuously without any or with very little change that they become the customs and culture of the people. This kind of understanding is called traditionalism. It is assumed that traditionalism also exists in architecture as a product of human culture. Gorontalo as a rapid growing city during the Dutch colonial period kept a number of buildings from that era. The Dutch colonial buildings are results of Dutch culture either in their pure form or those that have been combined with traditional culture and the condition of the surrounding environment. The results showed that traditionalism in Dutch colonial architecture has an influence in the city of Gorontalo. These influences can be found in terms of the design of the floor plan, the shape of the building, the shape of the roof, the shape of the openings and the use of ornaments in buildings.

TRADISIONALISME DALAM ARSITEKTUR KOLONIAL BELANDA DI KOTA GORONTALO

Manusia pada dasarnya tidak bisa melepaskan diri dari masa lalu yang melahirkan (tata) nilai dan pemikiran yang diturunkan secara terus-menerus tanpa atau dengan sedikit sekali mengalami perubahan atau dengan kata lain kebiasaan yang sudah menjadi adat dan membudaya. Paham yang semacam ini disebut sebagai tradisionalisme. Ditengarai, tradisionalisme juga ada dalam arsitektur sebagai produk budaya manusia. Gorontalo sebagai kota yang tumbuh pesat selama masa kolonial Belanda menyimpan sejumlah bangunan yang berasal dari masa itu. Bangunan kolonial Belanda juga merupakan bangunan yang tercipta dari kebudayaan bangsa Belanda, baik secara murni, maupun yang sudah dipadukan dengan budaya tradisional, dan kondisi lingkungan sekitarnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh tradisionalisme dalam arsitektur kolonial Belanda di Kota Gorontalo memang benar-benar ada. Pengaruh tersebut bisa ditemukan dalam hal desain bentuk denah, bentuk bangunan, bentuk atap, bentuk bukaan dan penggunaan ornament pada bangunan

THE INFLUENCE OF NIEUWE BOUWEN ARCHITECTURE ON DUTCH COLONIAL BUILDING IN MEDAN CITY

Nieuwe Bouwen Architecture came and involved in Indonesia is carried by the young Dutch architects, also influenced Dutch colonial building in Indonesia to include Medan city. This study aims to determine what kind of Nieuwe Bouwen that control Dutch colonial buildings in Medan and find the form of the authority. This study used the qualitative method. There are 6 (six) aspects studied in this research that is the dynamic form; expressive ornaments; the building has a tower; nonstructural elements; glass, steel, and concrete materials; elements of air, light, and space. Analysis results show that PD Pasar Office Medan, Paradiso Swimming Pool, and Mandiri KC Medan City Hall Bank are influenced by Nieuwe Bouwen expressionism. Besides that, the form of expressionism on PD Pasar office Medan are of the curved shape of the building, unique, the expressive ventilation has the ornament and decorative element on its facade. As well as Paradiso swimming pool has curved shape, decoration and decorative element on its façade and tower. While at Mandiri KC Medan Cityhall bank, there is the geometric decoration, decorative element, and balcony also tower have expressive shape.

The Effect Of Outside Corridor’s Orientation to Interior Thermal Condition at Lawang Sewu Semarang.

The outside corridor of Dutch Colonial Building in Indonesia was made to make the temperature of the room more comfortable. Lawang Sewu Building in Semarang is one example of a building that has an outside corridor along the building and until now still use natural ventilation. This study focuses on finding out whether there is a difference on the thermal conditions of each room’s orientation, so after that we know the effect of orientation of the outdoor corridor to the temperature of the interior. In this study the experiment based on measurement using Heat Stress WBGT Meter for Wet Bulb Temperature, Dry Bulb Temperature, Relative Humidity, and KW0600653 Hot Wire Anemometer for the air movement. The data will be analysed using thermal standard theory to find out which point has the most comfortable thermal conditions.. At the end of this study will be found the effect of corridor’s orientation to thermal condition of the interior in Lawang Sewu Semarang.

TRANSFORMING HERITAGE BUILDING FOR COMMERCIALISATION

Adaptive reuse is known as one of the conservation methods to prevent the building from being abandoned, dilapidated, as well as to halt further deterioration of the fabrics, both in interior and exterior. Surabaya has a number of Dutch colonial buildings as evidence of the Dutch settlements for 350 years. The aesthetic value, location and the historical significance of the buildings have made the proprietors conserving those buildings and reusing them as commercial spaces. In this research, two prominent Dutch-colonial mansions have been chosen as the research objects. Those buildings have been transformed into an upscale dining place in Surabaya, Indonesia. Based on the local regulation for heritage building conservation, the designated buildings have adhered to the conservation regulations. However, in some parts, alterations were still discovered and not according to the original of the building. These changes were purposely done in order to accommodate the business owners’ need. Therefore, this paper aims to review the transformation of heritage building and the compliance to the regulation.

TRANSFORMING HERITAGE BUILDING FOR COMMERCIALISATION

Adaptive reuse is known as one of the conservation methods to prevent the building from being abandoned, dilapidated, as well as to halt further deterioration of the fabrics, both in interior and exterior. Surabaya has a number of Dutch colonial buildings as evidence of the Dutch settlements for 350 years. The aesthetic value, location and the historical significance of the buildings have made the proprietors conserving those buildings and reusing them as commercial spaces. In this research, two prominent Dutch-colonial mansions have been chosen as the research objects. Those buildings have been transformed into an upscale dining place in Surabaya, Indonesia. Based on the local regulation for heritage building conservation, the designated buildings have adhered to the conservation regulations. However, in some parts, alterations were still discovered and not according to the original of the building. These changes were purposely done in order to accommodate the business owners’ need. Therefore, this paper aims to review the transformation of heritage building and the compliance to the regulation.

GEDUNG PERTUNJUKAN SENI TRADISIONAL PEKALONGAN SEBAGAI REPRESENTASI CITRA KAWASAN JETAYU

<p><em>The theater in Pekalongan as image representation Jetayu area is a building that facilitates the activities of traditional art performances Pekalongan, including dance, theater, music and craftsmanship. The building is planned to be in Jetayu region, an area in the old town of Pekalongan which has a function as a social and cultural areas. The problem that appears is how to strengthen its image as a socio-cultural areas through the provision of traditional art container, which is based on the needs of the city will be the facility's appreciation of traditional art and also able to represent the visual image of the area. In maintaining harmony in the area of visual culture and support the activities contained, planned design concept using contextual architecture of the display area of the visual characteristics such as the Dutch colonial building, and the application of acoustic systems to support arts activities that accommodated. As a result, the building is expected to be a means of traditional performing arts facility that is adequate as well as being a reflection and cultural elements in the cultural area Jetayu in the application form and function of the building that takes into account the visual and aesthetic character raised by the region.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p align="left"><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Traditional Arts, Performance Building, image representation, Contextual Architecture.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>

The Concept of Historical Landscape Design at Watugong Archaeological Site Area in Malang City

Malang city has the high historical value. It showed by many archaeological situses found, such as: The Dutch Colonial Building until kingdom era on classical history period. Generally, it could be seen at urban affairs like government building even the ancient house. But the last kingdom archaeological site only found at the village. The oldest archaeological site in Malang city was found on Kanjuruhan Kingdom, which is concentrated in Tlogomas. The Watu Gong Hamlet that was located in Tlogomas Political District had an archaeological site. It was a big stone in which the stone looked like a traditional music instrument, it was called Gong. As the archaeological site in megalithicum, before the Hindu and Budha came in from India, that stone was predicted as the foundation structure of the big building. The Watu Gong Hamlet was located in Tlogomas archeological site area, also Merjosari and Karang Besuki. Three of them are the archeological sites for Kanjuruhan Kingdom at eigth century, until Kahuripan Kingdom around the eleventh century, as the heir of the Ancient Mataram Kingdom. The urban government has a program to improve the village required to their region potential and it was possible to revitalize the Tlogomas village, so that the historical character can be seen well. The modernity of a hamlet has impact on the local identity blured. In which, they did not think about economic only and it can be minimized, also the hamlet will be a characterized tourism object. The revitalization purposed to continuing the past, then it’s connected to present. It’s performed as corridored garden planning. The landscape development appropriated to promote about the characters of Kacapiring flower, Rose, Jasmine and Puring. They are the special plants from Kanjuruhan Kingdom, beside the other furniture street model. This research was descriptive explorative and discussed about the concept with architecture design approach, started from data collecting, precedent study, programming until the developing concept of the historical landscape. The historical landscape concept for Tlogomas at present is recommended to Watu Gong as the village tourism object.

Bangunan Rumah Teleskop di Kompleks Observatorium Bosscha

Bosscha Observatory is a relic of Dutch colonial buildings, which until now is still utilized for the development of Astronomical Sciences. The function of the building houses of the telescope and the technologies used are is­sues discussed in this paper. The Appropriate issues. The research methodology was used the methods of descriptive research. The data was collected through surveys and literature studies. The answer to these problems are expected to be able to answer the importance of Bosscha Observatory in the development of Astronomy in Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Bandung, Bosscha Observatory, rumah teleskop