Duodenal Diverticulization Research Articles

Surgical management of Stapfer Type 2 ERCP perforations.

While numerous studies have proposed algorithms for the management of Stapfer Type 2 ERCP perforations, there is limited research on surgical treatment options specifically for this patient group. Our aim is not to propose a new algorithm for these patients but to describe our surgical approach and contribute to the literature with our surgical procedure applied in Stapfer Type 2 ERCP perforation cases. Between 2016 and 2023, a total of 12 patients with Stapfer Type 2 ERCP perforations underwent surgery at our hospital. Duodenal diverticulization is a commonly used method in complex duodenal perforation cases. We performed a procedure that involves the removal of the external biliary pathway, hepaticojejunostomy, and a wide Braun anastomosis in addition to the duodenal diverticulization procedure, which we have termed "modified duodenal diverticulization." Eleven out of the 12 patients were discharged successfully without any complications. One patient, who had a late diagnosis, underwent surgery 5 days after ERCP. This patient had ongoing sepsis before the operation, which continued postoperatively and eventually led to multiple organ failure and death. There are limited alternatives for the surgical treatment of Type 2 ERCP perforations, and the widely preferred triple ostomy method may not address the underlying pathology necessitating ERCP. The modified duodenal diverticulization method, offering a definitive treatment, can be considered a surgical option for Type 2 ERCP perforations.

空腸漿膜パッチおよび十二指腸憩室化にて救命しえた広範な外傷性十二指腸損傷の1例(A case of extensive traumatic duodenal injuries treated by jejunal patch and duodenal diverticulization)

要旨症例は38歳の男性。腹部鈍的外傷にて当院に搬送された。精査の結果，十二指腸損傷と診断し，受傷後2時間半ほど経過した時点で緊急手術を行った。十二指腸下行部が2/3周かつ長径10cm以上にわたり広範に損傷していた。まず局所修復法として空腸漿膜パッチにて壁損傷部位を閉鎖し，さらに修復した十二指腸下行部の狭窄がみられたため幽門側胃切除および胃空腸吻合術（Roux–en–Y法での再建）による十二指腸憩室化を同時に施行した。術後20日で独歩退院となった。外傷性十二指腸損傷の手術治療は術後合併症，特に縫合不全発生の危険性が高く予後不良とされ，損傷部位が大きく複雑になるに従い困難を極める。空腸漿膜パッチは腸管壁損傷が広範な場合においても閉鎖修復が可能でありかつ安全性も高い。さらに同時に十二指腸憩室化を組み合わせたことで修復腸管径の狭小化に伴う縫合不全や腸管内圧上昇，通過障害を回避し，極めて良好な経過を得られたと考えられた。

Isolated Pyloroduodenal Transection in Children: a Spectrum of Presentation of an Uncommon Entity

Isolated duodenal injuries are not commonly seen in children who sustain abdominal trauma, and a complete pyloroduodenal disruption is quite rare. While techniques of duodenal diverticulization are employed widely in adults, the application of intubated diversion with primary repair works just as well in children. Two cases of isolated pyloroduodenal transection have been chronicled. To the best of our knowledge, one of these is the first case of successfully treated complete pyloroduodenal disjunction in pediatric literature. Case 1: A 10-year-old boy sustained multiple injuries after a road traffic accident and presented to us 48-h post-incident. Imaging suggested a duodenal injury. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a complete pyloroduodenal transection without associated pancreatic/ductal injuries. Primary repair with intubated diversions and a feeding jejunostomy was done. The child recovered completely. Case 2: A 5-year-old girl with delayed presentation following a road traffic accident required cardiopulmonary resuscitation and inotropic support prior to exploratory laparotomy. Findings included a large retroperitoneal hematoma involving zone 1 and 2, a right hepatic laceration, gastroduodenal disruption, and impending venous gangrene of the bowel. Intraoperative cardiac arrest necessitated rapid damage control surgery. Unfortunately, the child did not survive the injury. We wish to emphasize not only the need for early diagnosis and the customization of the surgery depending on the site and extent of injury but also the necessity of the rapid establishment of enteral nutrition to enhance recovery.

Duodenal Diverticulization was Effective for Repair of Postoperative Suture Failure of Duodenal Ulcer Perforation

Duodenal Diverticulization was Effective for Repair of Postoperative Suture Failure of Duodenal Ulcer Perforation

Management of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-related perforations

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze the treatment strategies of patients with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-related perforations. This is a retrospective study.MethodsWe experienced 13 perforations associated with ERCP. We reviewed the medical recordsand classified ERCP-related perforations according to mechanism of injury in terms of perforating device. Injury by endoscopic tip or insertion tube was classified as type I, injury by cannulation catheter or sphincterotomy knife as type II, and injury by guidewire as type III.ResultsOf four type I injuries, one case was managed by conservative management after primary closure with a hemoclip during ERCP. The other three patients underwent surgical treatments such as primary closure orpancreatico-duodenectomy. Of five type II injuries, two patients underwent conservative management and the other three cases were managed by surgical treatment such as duodenojejunostomy, duodenal diverticulization and pancreatico-duodenectomy. Of four type III injuries, three patients were managed conservatively and the remaining patient was managed by T-tube choledochostomy.ConclusionType I injuries require immediate surgical management after EPCP or immediate endoscopic closure during ERCP whenever possible. Type II injuries require surgical or conservative treatment according to intra- and retro-peritoneal dirty fluid collection findings following radiologic evaluation. Type III injuries almost always improve after conservative treatment with endoscopic nasobilliary drainage.

Analysis of clinical management for severe and complicated pancreatic trauma

Objective To summarize the experience in diagnosis and management for severe and complicated pancreatic trauma. Methods The clinical data of 21 patients with severe pancreatic trauma treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 21 with a mean age of 26 (9-53), 14were male and 7 female. The causes of trauma were blunt injuries in 13 and patent injuries in 8 of them. The injury grade distribution for these patients was grade Ⅲ in 8 cases, grade Ⅳ in 8, and grade V in 3. The main diagnostic modalities included amylase measurement, ultrasonography, CT,endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) etc. All patients received surgical procedures. Roux-en-Y distal pancreatojejunostomy was performed in 10 patients, pancreatoduodenectomy in 3, modified duodenal diverticulization in 2, distal pancreatectomy in 3, tube installing in major duct and external drainage, and suture of pancreatic section in 2, and suture of two broken side respectively (delayed distal pancreatojejunostomy in the second time) in 1. Results Pancreatic injury was confirmed in 11 cases preoperatively and intraoperatively in the others. The early emergency operation was performed in 18 patients within 12hours, and delayed operation was done in 3 cases. Twenty patients were cured and 1 died after a procedure of pancreatoduodenectomy. The postoperative pancreatic fistula happened in 3 cases and recovered well with conservative line of management. Conclusion The diagnosis of severe and complicated pancreatic trauma is difficultly yet, so the earlier exploratory laparotomy should be suggested. The individual surgical modality based on the grade should be adopted in the operation and the concept of Damage Control Surgery should be carried out in the procedure. Extended operation should be avoided. Key words: Wounds and injuris, pancreatic; Diagnosis; Treatment

Modified duodenal diverticulization technique for the management of duodenal fistulas

Background Duodenal leaks can still occur in up to 25% of trauma patients who have undergone duodenal diverticulization and pyloric exclusion with gastrojejunostomy (PE). We herein describe an alternative technique of duodenal diverticulization used to treat 3 patients that sustained posttraumatic duodenal fistula. Methods The modified duodenal diverticulization entails stapling of the first and third parts of the duodenum, a distal gastrectomy and a side-to-side duodenojejunostomy. The gastrointestinal transit reconstruction can be performed either with a standard Billroth II gastrojejunostomy, or, preferably, with a Roux-en-Y anastomosis. Results We did not observe any postoperative complications related to the procedure itself in any of the 3 cases treated by our group. Conclusions The technique described offers a relatively simple and an apparently safe approach for the treatment of posttraumatic duodenal fistulas. This technique can be used even if the patient was subjected previously to diverting procedures, including duodenal diverticulization or PE.

Multilevel Duodenal Injury after Blunt Trauma

Duodenal trauma is an uncommon injury associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Upper gastrointestinal radiological studies and computed tomography may lead to the diagnosis of blunt duodenal trauma. Exploratory laparotomy remains as the ultimate diagnostic test if a high suspicion of duodenal injury continues even in the face of absent or equivocal radiographic signs. The majority of duodenal injuries may be managed by simple repair of the injured site. More complicated injuries require more sophisticated techniques. Here, we report a case of multilevel blunt duodenal injury successfully managed with duodenal diverticulization, Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy and catheter duodenostomy.

Duodenal trauma.

Fifteen cases of duodenal trauma that presented to Westmead Hospital between 1979 and July 1986 are reviewed. There were 12 blunt injuries, nine caused by motor vehicle accidents. Three patients sustained penetrating injuries, two due to stab wounds. Repair for blunt laceration or incised wound was by primary closure or serosal patch repair, most often with decompressive t-tube duodenostomy. No leak from the duodenal repair occurred in any patient. Two patients died. This was not due to complications of the duodenal injury. Pyloric exclusion, duodenal diverticulization or pancreaticoduodenectomy was not considered necessary in any patient. Morbidity of duodenal haematoma in the form of continuing abdominal pain may be avoided by intra-operative drainage.

Injuries of the duodenum

The records of 115 patients with a duodenal injury have been reviewed. The majority of the patients (83 percent) were treated with primary repair of the injury. Twelve patients underwent duodenal diverticulization. The mortality rate in all 115 patients was 12 percent, in 105 patients who survived more than 48 hours 4 percent, and in 26 patients with pancreaticoduodenal injury 15 percent. Vascular injury was the major cause of early death. Enteric perforations were present in 75 percent of the patients with sepsis. The majority of patients with associated pancreatic injury had primary repair and did not have pancreaticoduodenal complications. Duodenal fistula continues to be a serious postoperative complication. Primary repair with drainage is the preferred treatment. Gastrostomy and feeding jejunostomy are useful adjuncts. A more complex operation should be reserved for a highly select group of patients with severe duodenal injury.

JODENAL “DIVERTICULIZATION” FOR MASSIVE HAEMORRHAGE FROM PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST

A case of massive haemorrhage into the gastrointestinal tract from a pancreatic pseudocyst is presented. The pseudocyst was a complication of acute pancreatitis, and control of the haemorrhage by operation was difficult because of the friability of the cyst wall. The surgical procedure called duodenal diverticulization is described and was found to be a useful adjunct to suture ligation for bleeding which was almost uncontrollable and when death of the patient seemed inevitable.

Duodenal “diverticulization” for duodenal and pancreatic injury

Duodenal “diverticulization” has been achieved in thirty-four cases of combined duodenal and pancreatic or severe duodenal or pancreatic injury. The operation consists of gastric antrectomy with end to side gastrojejunostomy, tube duodenostomy, closure of the duodenal perforation, and drainage. The combined mortality for these thirty-four cases and a previously reported series of sixteen cases is 16 per cent. Regional complications that developed after duodenal diverticulization were generally well tolerated and not lethal. All duodenal and pancreatic fistulas closed spontaneously.

Gastrointestinal Fistulas

The records of 115 patients with a duodenal injury have been reviewed. The majority of the patients (83 percent) were treated with primary repair of the injury. Twelve patients underwent duodenal diverticulization. The mortality rate in all 115 patients was 12 percent, in 105 patients who survived more than 48 hours 4 percent, and in 26 patients with pancreaticoduodenal injury 15 percent. Vascular injury was the major cause of early death. Enteric perforations were present in 75 percent of the patients with sepsis. The majority of patients with associated pancreatic injury had primary repair and did not have pancreaticoduodenal complications. Duodenal fistula continues to be a serious postoperative complication. Primary repair with drainage is the preferred treatment. Gastrostomy and feeding jejunostomy are useful adjuncts. A more complex operation should be reserved for a highly select group of patients with severe duodenal injury.