Some Problems of the Theory of Management of a Centrally Planned Economy. This article contains the main ideas of a recent book published by the author (Wstep do teorii gospodarowania — Introduction to the Theory of Management — Warsaw, 1970), which develops methods of managing a centrally planned economy. In the first two paragraphs the author formulates two basic principles of management which are characteristic for a socialist economy: the principle of concentration of resources and that of substitution of factors of production. The author maintains that deficiencies in the planning system are due to the fact that these principles, particularly the principle of substitution of factors of production, are not followed. The third paragraph describes and defines what is meant by «optimization criteria in a planned economy». By this it is meant the situation where the essential economic activity is performed in the name and at the risk of the State, representing the interests of the society. While rejecting the maximization of profit and the growth of national income as the sole optimization critérium, the author feels that one should adopt two or more criteria in order to calculate optimal growth. He than presents a method which makes possible the transformation of the function quotient representing two goals, in a linear function. In the fourth paragraph, the economic calculation is studied for different management levels. The author analyses two contradictory tendencies which appear in the socialist economy: that the optimum in the economic calculation should be a general one — at the level of the whole economy — while, on the other hand, technological, economic and social factors act in favor of decentralization — that is, of the introduction of economic calculation on management levels. The author proposes to use dual prices. This would allow the coordination of the optimal calculation done on management levels with that done on the national level. In the last part of the article, the author suggests what he considers to be the correct basic principle of the planning system and gives the method of optimal allocation of investment resources.