Dual-polarized Antenna Research Articles

Design of dual mode antenna using CMA and broadband dual-polarized antenna for 5G networks

This article proposes a dual mode dual-polarized antenna configuration for IRNSS and fifth generation (5G) applications, operating at a frequency of 3.5 GHz based on characteristic mode analysis (CMA), and aims to provide broadband dual-polarized functionality. The original design of the antenna is a traditional patch antenna, and its dual-polarized features are determined using characteristic mode analysis. The full-wave method is used to stimulate both orthogonal modes using a 50 Ω coaxial input line at 3.5 GHz. In this design, the circular patch has been extended into an elliptical patch through a process of mode separation. The circular patch exhibits resonance at a frequency of 2.5 GHz, whereas the extended elliptical radiator demonstrates two resonance modes at 2.5 GHz and 3.5 GHz. The operational mechanism is elucidated by modal analysis and characteristic angle. This antenna operates on two different frequencies at the 2.5 GHz IRNSS band with horizontal polarization and the 3.5 GHz 5G service with vertical polarization. The maximum gain achieved with these frequency ranges is 5.31 dBi and 4.72 dBi, respectively. A ring resonator is chosen to improve the axial ratio and impedance bandwidth of the suggested prototype. The antenna's ground plane is shaped like a rectangle and features a V-shaped slot in the radiating patch. The antenna's physical footprint is 50 mm × 50 mm × 1.6 mm and an FR4 dielectric substrate serves as its foundation. Through its interaction with a PIN diode, the diode modifies the polarization of the antenna. The antenna functions as a right-handed circular polarization (RHCP), when the diode is operational. The bandwidth from 4.3 to 7.5 GHz is covered. On the other hand, it generates linear polarization (LP) between 4.2 and 5.3 GHz. The experimental antenna is evaluated and examined for its performance characteristics. The simulations are carried out utilizing the CST simulator. A prototype antenna has been manufactured and its performance has been validated against simulated findings.

Planar, Ultra-Wideband and Dual-Polarized Phased Array Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Vehicular Communication

Planar, Ultra-Wideband and Dual-Polarized Phased Array Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Vehicular Communication

Highly Selective Dual-Polarized Filtering Antenna Based on Inline Coupling Topology

Highly Selective Dual-Polarized Filtering Antenna Based on Inline Coupling Topology

Design of Dual-Polarized Antenna Array With 2-D Wide-Angle Beam-Scanning Characteristics

Design of Dual-Polarized Antenna Array With 2-D Wide-Angle Beam-Scanning Characteristics

Broadband Hybrid Decoupling Method for a Dual-Polarized Antenna With High Isolation

Broadband Hybrid Decoupling Method for a Dual-Polarized Antenna With High Isolation

A Compact Dual-Polarized Vivaldi Antenna with High Gain for Tree Radar Applications.

A dual-polarized compact Vivaldi antenna with high gain performance is proposed for tree radar applications. The proposed design introduces an array configuration consisting of two pairs of two Vivaldi elements to optimize the operating bandwidth and gain while providing dual-polarization capability. To enhance the gain of the proposed antenna over a certain frequency range of interest, directors and edge slots are incorporated into each Vivaldi element. To further enhance the overall antenna gain, a metal back reflector is used. The measurement results of the fabricated antenna show that the proposed antenna achieves a high gain of 5.5 to 14.8 dBi over broadband from 0.5 GHz to 3 GHz. Moreover, it achieves cross-polarization discrimination larger than 20 dB, ensuring high polarization purity. The fabricated antenna is used to detect and image the defects inside tree trunks. The results show that the proposed antenna yields a better-migrated image with a clear defect region compared to that obtained by a commercial Horn antenna.

Dual-Polarized Dipole Antenna with Wideband Stable Radiation Patterns Using Artificial Magnetic Conductor Reflector.

This paper presents a wideband dual-polarized dipole antenna structure operating at 1.7-3.8 GHz (76.4%). For a traditional 4G dipole antenna that covers the band 1.71-2.69 GHz, it is difficult to maintain the satisfactory impedance matching and normal stable radiation patterns within the 5G sub-6 GHz band 3.3-3.8 GHz, mainly due to the fixed antenna height no longer being a quarter-wavelength. To solve this, a connected-ring-shaped metasurface structure is proposed and deployed to operate as an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC). As a result, stable antenna radiation patterns are obtained within the whole band 1.7-3.8 GHz. For verification, this wideband dipole antenna using AMC is implemented and tested. The measured results show that the proposed antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 80.7% (1.7-4.0 GHz). It has an average measured in-band realized gain of 7.0±1.0 dBi and a stable 70±5 half power beam width (HPBW) within the 4G/5G-sub 6GHz bands 1.71-2.69 GHz and 3.3-3.8 GHz.

High‐gain dual‐wideband ±45° dual polarization (DWDP) antenna for indoor distributed antenna system (IDAS) applications

SummaryThis paper presents two different configurations of ±45° dual‐wideband dual‐polarized (DWDP) antennas. The antenna comprises eight end‐loaded broadband dipoles grouped into two sets based on the bands of operation. The high‐frequency dipoles are strategically placed within the low‐frequency ones to form the elementary unit. Further optimization has been performed on the elementary unit in terms of the radiator placement to suppress sidelobe levels for array formation. Both configurations are meticulously fabricated using an all‐metal structure, demonstrating durability and the simplicity of fabrication. The antenna designs achieve ±45° polarization, high gain, satisfactory cross‐polarization discrimination (XPD), and wide impedance bandwidth covering 0.67–1.04 GHz and 1.54–3 GHz bands. Despite the nested configuration, mutual coupling is well within acceptable limits. Formation of the array based on the optimum elementary unit has been investigated by simulation, revealing reasonable gain enhancement and low sidelobe levels across all bands. This comprehensive approach yields a robust, high‐performing antenna configuration suitable for indoor distributed antenna system (IDAS) applications.

Broadband Low-Profile Multifunction Dual-Polarized Dipole Antenna and Array for 5G and WiFi Application

Broadband Low-Profile Multifunction Dual-Polarized Dipole Antenna and Array for 5G and WiFi Application

Design of Dual-Polarized Tilted-Beam Parasitic Array Antenna With Both High Isolation and High Polarization Purity

Design of Dual-Polarized Tilted-Beam Parasitic Array Antenna With Both High Isolation and High Polarization Purity

Single-Layer Dual-Polarized Endfire Phased Array Antenna for 5G mm-Wave Mobile Terminals

Single-Layer Dual-Polarized Endfire Phased Array Antenna for 5G mm-Wave Mobile Terminals

An Ultra-Wideband Dual Polarization Antenna Array for the Detection and Localization of Bright Fast Radio Transients in the Milky Way

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extraordinary astrophysical phenomena characterized by short radio pulses that last only a few milliseconds, yet their power can surpass that of 500 million suns. To date, most detected FRBs originate from beyond our galaxy. However, if an FRB were to originate within the Milky Way, it could be detected using small antennas. In this paper, we propose a compact and ad-hoc antenna array designed for the efficient detection and localization of FRBs within the Milky Way. The antenna operates within the 1200–1800[Formula: see text]MHz range and consists of three sub-arrays placed in an L-shape for source localization, occupying a total volume of [Formula: see text]. Each sub-array consists of 4 miniaturized, dual-polarized, half-space radiation antenna elements, forming a one-dimensional array that allows shaping the radiation pattern to match the form of the Milky Way without exhibiting grating lobes. A prototype was constructed and characterized to validate the design. The measured results exhibit good agreement with the simulations. In addition to having a custom elongated radiation pattern, the array has attractive merits, such as low reflections at the input ports, high radiation efficiency, and a distribution that inhibits the existence of phase ambiguities, thus facilitating source localization.

LCP-Based Low-Cost Base Station Antenna for 3.7 GHz 5G Band

This paper presents a large-scale base station antenna assembly structure that is low-cost, reliable, and easy to manufacture. The antenna element is composed of a low-loss liquid crystal polymer based on a plastic molded module and a modified wideband stacked patch antenna. The base station antenna consists of a 4 × 8 antenna module, with each module comprising 3 × 1 subarrays along with dual-polarized antenna elements. The antenna element achieved an efficiency of 91% and an impedance bandwidth of 1.14 GHz within a height of 10 mm at 3.7 GHz. Furthermore, the fabricated array antenna structure was tested and verified to have an effective isotropic radiated power of 75.6 dBm at boresight and a steering range of less than ±60°. Therefore, the proposed structure meets the required antenna and beam-forming performance for commercial 5G active antenna systems.

Experimental investigation of a dual mode antenna using characteristic mode analysis with enhanced directivity for GSM/5G applications

In this article, a dual-mode, dual-polarized antenna designed using characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is described. An elliptical-shaped patch radiator is chosen with double slits on its minor axis. This design is based on mode separation from the circular patch into the elliptical patch. The suggested antenna geometry has a footprint of 60 mm × 60 mm × 1.6 mm. To design and fabricate the antenna, an FR-4 substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.3 is used, along with copper sheets 0.035 mm thick for the ground plane and the radiating plane. The circular patch has the resonating mode at 1.8 GHz, whereas the elliptical radiator gives different resonant modes at 1.8 GHz and 3.5 GHz. An orthogonal mode is excited with a 50-Ω coaxial feed line at 3.5 GHz by applying a full-wave approach. The antenna gives a −10dB bandwidth of 51 MHz (1.77–1.82 GHz) centered at 1.8 GHz and a bandwidth of 210 MHz (3.37–3.58 GHz) centered at 3.5 GHz. The working principle is explained through modal analysis and characteristic angles. This dual-band antenna covers a 1.8 GHz GSM band with horizontal polarization and a 3.5 GHz 5G service with vertical polarization. Peak gain attained with these bands is 5.9 dBi and 7.1 dBi, respectively. A CST full-wave simulator is used for the simulations. As a result of the antenna, radiation is stable and enhanced. Compared to measured results, simulation results are close to reality. The characteristic mode analysis (CMA) provides an in-depth look into different operating modes on the antenna in contrast with the conventional method, which relies on the simulated current distribution to verify functionality.

A Miniaturized Dual-Polarized Tri-Band Antenna Based on Multimode and Stacked Scheme for Multiband Aperture-Shared Base-Station Applications

A Miniaturized Dual-Polarized Tri-Band Antenna Based on Multimode and Stacked Scheme for Multiband Aperture-Shared Base-Station Applications

Compact and Highly Isolated Continuous Scanning Dual-Polarized Holographic Antenna Using a Pillbox Feeding Structure

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to realize a compact and highly isolated dual-polarized holographic antenna using a pillbox feeding structure. The proposed antenna feeds dual orthogonal surface waves with low distortion phase distribution and high isolation through a compact three-layer pillbox feeding structure. This antenna also consists of a shared aperture dual-polarized hologram pattern calculated to radiate the objective wave in the desired direction without increasing the antenna size. As a result, the proposed holographic antennas (HA) have a compact size and support forward-to-backward continuous scanning with minimal gain degradation. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement, validating the efficiency of the proposed antenna design, which has the ability to scan the beam direction from +18° to −25°, passing through the broadside within the frequency range of 21–27 GHz. Finally, the proposed antenna has a broadside gain of 18.5 dBi in each polarization and a gain variation of less than 2 dB within the operating bandwidth.

A P/X Dual-Band Co-Aperture Array with Dual-Polarized Antenna Based on Forest Biomass Measurement Applications

In this paper, a co-aperture dual-polarized antenna array is proposed. The frequency band covers the P-band (0.4–0.7 GHz) and the X-band (9.3–9.9 GHz). The P-band array is designed in the form of an all-metal Vivaldi, while minimizing the impact of the P-band antenna array structure on the X-band electrical performance. The final profile design for the dual-band antenna structure is only 0.12 λ0 (λ0 corresponds to the wavelength of 0.4 GHz). The X-band design adopts the miniaturized waveguide slot structure, which can be well embedded in the P-band array structure. In order to verify the feasibility of the scheme, prototype processing and testing were carried out, and the test results are consistent with the simulation results. The active VSWRs of the overall design are less than 2.0. Additionally, the dual-band antenna array has favorable radiation performance in each frequency band. It can be used in forest biomass measurements and other interferometric applications.

A MIMO-Based Dual Polarized Antenna Applicable for Mobile Terminal

At present, numerous small-size mobile terminal devices, such as mobile phones, have embedded the antenna in the cases, which will lead to considerable restrictions on the space for installing multiple antennas. Aiming at the requirements of rational design and layout of multi-antennas for MIMO mobile terminals and combining with the broadband and miniaturization technologies, a dual polarized antenna suitable for mobile terminals was designed in this paper through an adoption of polarization diversity. For a dual polarized multilayered micro-strip antenna with a ground plate, it is easy to be conformal to the carrier. In this paper, the design and the process of simulation optimization of the antenna unit were analyzed in detail. The bandwidth of the antenna unit was 1890 to 2200 MHz, the return loss was superior to -33dB, and both of the horizontal polarization gain and the vertical polarization gain were 8.2 dB. Accordingly, the characteristics of a high gain and dual polarization were achieved.

Wideband, Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna Array Fed by Novel, Differentially Fed Structure

In this article, a 1 × 4 wideband, dual-polarized patch antenna array fed by a novel, differentially fed structure is proposed. The differentially fed structure of the antenna was realized by a parallel line structure that was printed on a PCB and connected with the inner and outer conductors of a coaxial cable. This method elaborately solved the problem of the narrow bandwidth of conventional microstrip differential feeding. By using a relatively thick air substrate (thickness = 0.19 λ0), stacked patches, a coupling feeding structure, and a differential feeding structure with the novel design, the element of the patch antenna array introduced below operated from 0.415 GHz to 0.707 GHz (achieving the 52.0% bandwidth) with a VSWR < 2.0, yielding a high port isolation less than −28 dB. For the array, an active VSWR less than 2.0 was also obtained with a port isolation of less than −25 dB, ranging from 0.405 GHz to 0.696 GHz. In the desired bandwidth, the array had an azimuth 3 dB beamwidth of about 19° for both horizontal polarization and vertical polarization. The antenna array also had good performance in scanning (stable gain and 3 dB beamwidth) and circular polarization (a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth better than 54.5%).

Low-Profile Dual-Polarized Pattern-Reconfigurable Antenna With Independent Beam Control Capability in Both Polarizations for Indoor Application

Low-Profile Dual-Polarized Pattern-Reconfigurable Antenna With Independent Beam Control Capability in Both Polarizations for Indoor Application