Du Feu Research Articles

Multiple constraints, multiple avenues

Abstract The abstract nature of human agency, as a capacity or a possibility to exert power, complicates its empirical examination. While translated and revised texts represent the cumulative result of the agents’ decisions, they offer limited information on their motivation, goals and sense of agency. In this paper, we employ a multi-method approach to examine the revised edition (Galeano rev. Sánchez 2013) of Mémoire du feu (Galeano transl. Couffon 1985; transl. Binard 1985, 1988), the French translation of Memoria del Fuego (Galeano 1982, 1984, 1986). Through a dialogue between semi-structured interviews (focused on the agent’s choices, motivations and sense of agency) and comparative textual analysis (focused on the result of her decisions), we investigate why Mémoire du feu was revised and how this project unfolded. The interaction taking place during semi-structured interviews allowed for the exploration of some dimensions of the reviser’s work that would otherwise have remained unarticulated discursively and helped us understand the textual results of her decisions. The revision appears as an agent-based process, as constraints were negotiated by the reviser, and resources were selected by her. Finally, the reviser’s sense of agency, widened by her multipositionality, emerged as a crucial factor in shaping the textual product.

Resisting Ex-Appropriation: Artistic Remains at Times of Environmental Instability

With rapidly spreading extractive practices on a global scale, the amount of residue generated raises the question of waste management and economic externalities. Are humans, and most crucially the Earth, equipped to welcome such an exponentially increasing quantity of restants? Artworks, as inexhaustible in their readings, are congenial to this idea of irreducible remains. In this paper, I argue Derrida’s treatment of remains might provide a waste-based approach to ecocriticism which, in turns, can be leveraged to articulate an insightful reading of some artworks in times of extractive overconsumption and environmental destabilisation. Lee Bae’s Issu du feu (2000) and House of Moon (2014), Emerson Pontes’s Mil Quase Mortos: Boiúna, and Rochelle Goldberg’s Cannibal Actif (2018) are three contemporary artworks that directly challenge those externalities by explicitly engaging with remains ranging from charcoal, human-made waste and oil. Through a formal analysis of these artworks and a close reading of Derrida’s Feu la cendre, ‘Biodegradables Seven Diary Fragments,’ and the seminars Manger l’autre and Rhétorique du cannibalisme, it appears that eco-deconstruction is perhaps above all a matter of engaging with the structure of remains.

Gérard de Nerval’s Mysticism: A Mystico-Symbolic Analysis

In the seven sonnets that form the section Mysticisme included in the volume Petits Châteaux de Bohême (1852), Gérard de Nerval possibly deals for the first time with a spiritual theme in an organic and structured way. It is a poetic project that anticipates the depth of the Chimères, as well as the fascination of the Filles du feu and Aurélia. The analysis of this sonnet sequence allows us to address the foundational themes and spiritual inspirations informing Nerval’s subsequent works. Through a ‘geometric conjecture’ based on three symbols – the cross, the circle, and the triangle – this article aims at providing a personal interpretation of Mysticisme.

The Qibla—a never-ending story of migration, runaway, and pilgrimage

ABSTRACT The Qibla, written by the female playwright Wan-Ting Shen, is the title of the Best Play of the 2015 Taiwan Literature Award. This play, directed by Dong-Ning Hsieh, Artistic Director of Voleur du Feu Theatre, had its premiere in 2017. In her play, Shen portrays the interaction between a live-in foreign caregiver called Nadie and a Granny who suffers from Alzheimer and lives in the countryside. The purpose of this paper is to examine the three major motifs ─ migration, runaway, and pilgrimage ─ that are central to the play’s textuality and theatricality. The script and performance analysis of The Qibla are highlighted while a socio-economic and political background regarding the foreign migrant workers is provided so as to give the play a proper context. Since the three main characters, Nadie, Granny, and V-Rod, are all female subalterns who live on the margin of a society called the ‘Ocean State,’ this paper attempts to employ an anti-essentialist viewpoint derived from subaltern studies to investigate the social and biopolitical issues exposed in the play. In conjunction with this viewpoint, this paper intends to adopt the Brechtian reading to interrogate Hsieh’s directing approach and Shen’s dramaturgy.

Thermodynamic Discrimination between Energy Sources for Chemical Reactions

Summary Chemical transformations traverse large energy differences, yet the comparison of energy sources to drive a reaction is often done on a case-by-case basis; there is no fundamentally driven, universal framework with which to analyze and compare driving forces for chemical reactions. In this work, we present a reaction-independent expression for the equilibrium constant as a function of temperature, pressure, and voltage. With a specific set of axes, all reactions are represented by a single ( x , y ) point, and a quantitative divide between electrochemically and thermochemically driven reactions is visually evident. Additionally, we show that our expression has a strong physical basis in work and energy fluxes to the system, although specific data about operating conditions are necessary to provide a quantitative energy analysis. Overall, this universal equation and facile visualization of chemical reactions provides a consistent thermodynamic framework for comparing electrochemical versus thermochemical energy sources without knowledge of detailed process parameters.

Du Feu à l'Eau: Source and Flux of Dissolved Black Carbon From the Congo River

AbstractPyrogenic organic residues from wildfires and anthropogenic combustion are ubiquitous in the environment and susceptible to leaching from soils into rivers, where they are known as dissolved black carbon (DBC). Here we quantified and isotopically characterized DBC from the second largest river on Earth, the Congo, using 12 samples collected across three annual hydrographs from 2010 to 2012. We find that the Congo River exports an average of 803 ± 84 Gg‐C as DBC per year, comprising 7.5% of the river's average annual dissolved organic carbon (DOC) flux (10.7 ± 1.2 Tg‐C yr−1). Concentrations of DBC were strongly correlated with discharge and DOC concentration, indicating transport limitation for DBC flux from the Congo River Basin. Stable carbon isotopic signatures of DBC revealed a seasonal shift in pyrogenic source from forest dominant to an increasing contribution from savannah biomass, which derives from the North‐South bimodal hydrologic regime within the basin. Our results also indicate that black carbon produced within the Congo Basin is exported by the river on relatively short time scales and that total DBC export will increase with climate change predictions for the central African region.

“‘Eu de bom grado escreveria apenas para os mortos’: Sucesso e recepção em Baudelaire.”

O presente artigo procura abordar os temas do sucesso e da recepção da e na obra de Charles Baudelaire. Trata-se, no que tange à recepção, da ótica do autor, de suas expectativas em relação à sua obra e ao leitor do século XIX. Sobre o sucesso, o meu ponto de partida é o ensaio de Maurice Blanchot “L’échec de Baudelaire”. Nesse sentido, o conceito “horizonte de expectativas”, do historiador alemão Reinhart Koselleck ([1979] 2006), ajuda-me a entrever possíveis veredas de pesquisa sobre a noção de sucesso a partir da correspondência – principalmente as cartas à mãe – e da obra do autor. Assim, o que essa reflexão procura evidenciar são os debates em torno do que seria um vida de sucesso e as expectativas do poeta em relação à sua obra, aos leitores e à perenidade de seu nome na literatura francesa.

Structure and nature of the\xa0Palaeozoic basement based on magnetic, gravimetric and seismic investigations in the\xa0central Upper Rhinegraben

New and old magnetic and gravimetric data acquired in the frame of a geothermal project have been processed in N. Vosges and the adjacent Rhinegraben in order to identify the nature and tectonic framework of the graben basement and to select areas with a geothermal potential. In maps, the ENE–WSW striking units of N. Vosges can be followed beneath the sedimentary cover as far as the N35°-striking Upper Rhenish Shear Zone, which shifts these units towards NE. The magnetic basement S and SW of Strasbourg is interpreted as akin to the southern Champ du Feu Massif, consisting of I-type granitoids. Combined with new and old reflection seismic sections, the data show that the petrologic and tectonic contexts in the Illkirch-Grafenstaden area, where a geothermal project is planned, which is similar to the deep geothermal wells of Soultz and Rittershoffen 70 km to the north. The target zone is a N–S fault, partly normal and partly transpressive, which offsets the magnetic, I-type granitoids with high contents of uranium and thorium by about 800 m. Further exploitation of oil along the N–S footwall block attests to the geothermal potential of the area. The NW–SE transpressional regime favours the formation of cracks and increases the porosity and consequently fluid convection. The close borehole ESC-7 and modelling of the temperature distribution lead to expectations of a temperature of at least 150 °C on top of the granite and show that the temperature anomaly results from the heat-productive granitoids and from the blanket effect of the low thermal conductivity tertiary sediments.

High-temporal resolution landscape changes related to anthropogenic activities over the past millennium in the Vosges Mountains (France).

Iron mining activities in the Bruche valley (Vosges Mountains, France) date historically from the Roman period to the mid-nineteenth century. The geochemical and palynological study of a core from the peat bog of Le Champ du Feu allows highlighting impacts of these activities over the past millennium. Trace metal contamination is recorded for lead (Pb), arsenic, zinc, and antimony during the Middle Ages, the sixteenth century, and from cal. AD 1750-1900, with several sources distinguished by Pb isotope analyses. Forest exploitation is attested by the palynological analysis of the core, with exploitation of Fagus for smelting processes and cutting of Abies for agro-pastoralism. This approach highlights several patterns of contamination, corresponding to the mixing sources and the contamination intensity, which can be linked to the pollen assemblage zones. Hence, anthropogenic activities such as mining and farming led to long-term modification of the landscape composition in this mountainous area.

Veau — veux, bac — bague et elle a peur du feu : quelques réflexions sur la nature et l’utilisation des corpus dans les activités de phonétique proposées par les méthodes de fle actuelles pour adultes et grands adolescents

VEAU — VEUX, BAC — BAGUE AND ELLE A PEUR DU FEU : A FEW REMARKS ON FORMS AND USING CORPORA IN PHONETIC ACTIVITIES, PROPOSED IN CURRENT MANUALS FOR FRENCH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR ADULTS AND OLDER TEENAGERS In this article, through the analysis of the structure of phonetic activities included in chosen textbooks of French as a foreign language FLE used in Poland, we present the rules according to which the corpora are built and used. We also rate the adequacy to the task-oriented approach. Next, we prove how learners perceive this type of exercises and their usefulness for the correct pronunciation. Conclusions point to a regular presence, in analyzed textbooks, of specific phonetic activities based mainly on contextualized simple sentences, connected grammatically and lexically with the textbook contents. These exercises are evaluated and rated by learners as important for the correct pronunciation, which contributes to successful communication, and as helpful in gaining additional skills and knowledge.

Диалог и диалогизм в романах Кребийона-сына

Conversation was highly relevant for the 17 th and 18 th century French aristocratic culture; a simple talk quickly grew into a real social ritual with its inner structure and poetics. Likewise, it influenced French literature that used a dialogue as a mode of narration, a way of expressing historical and philosophical ideas. Under the influence of the parlor culture, there developed a widespread genre of a novel-dialogue which origin may be traced back to the an- cient tradition including the works of Plato who maintained ontological priority of the dialogue; in the dialogue, many philosophers have seen conditions neces- sary for the appearance of the individual and subjective conceptualization (I needs You for the sense of self). Dialogue is the form of narration in the novels by Crebillon-fils (1707-1777) La Nuit et le moment ou les matines de Cythere: dia- logue (1755) and Le Hasard du coin du feu. Dialogue moral (1763). Both novels represent high society and focus mainly on the life of libertines who practice the principles of freedom of body and spirit yet at the same time are constrained by dominant behavior rules including the rules of conversation. Crebillon is skill- fully using a widespread conversational form for popularizing the ideas of sensual- ism and libertinage. Also, Crebillon is employing dialogue as a device to make his works diverse and psychologically deep (cf.: a dialogue of a character with himself as he hovers between opinions; ongoing dialogue of the author with the reader; dialogue with other authors by direct and hidden quotes from their work; refer- ences to the author's own works).

Impacts and Effects of Publishing Legal Information in a Small Jurisdiction: Privacy v Open Justice

AbstractThis paper, written by Sue du Feu and James Lambert, outlines the challenges faced by the Jersey Legal Information Board (JLIB) in providing free access to legal information. The power of modern internet search engines has implications for a small island jurisdiction wishing to make its case law available on-line (see: www.jerseylaw.je). Having established protocols and policies to ensure a balance between open justice and privacy, several years later, JLIB is faced with concerns from individuals who feel that continuing public access to their earlier misdemeanours is an unfair burden. The paper will explain how the JLIB addressed the challenge of publishing court judgments online while safeguarding the interests of the individual.

Une anémie à n’y voir que du feu

Une anémie à n’y voir que du feu

Evaluation of field and analytical methods for estimating the population size of burrow-nesting seabirds from playback surveys

Capsule Acoustic playback methods have been widely used to survey burrow-nesting petrels but playback stimuli typically yield low response rates. Digitally manipulated recordings of the calls of the European Storm Petrel were created with the aim of producing an acoustic “super-stimulus” which could be used to elicit a higher response rate to improve population census methods. However, the manipulated recordings elicited a lower response than those that were unmanipulated. We also compared two methods for estimating population size of European Storm Petrels based on playback responses and found that the du Feu method is more widely applicable and precise than the standard method widely used in the UK and Ireland.

The Glorified Woman: Abstraction and Domination in Le Livre du voir dit

Pour que je puisse dire: cette femme, il faut que d'une maniere ou d'une autre je lui retire sa realite d'os et de chair, la rende absente et l'aneantisse. Le mot me donne l'etre, mais il me donne prive d'etre. --Maurice Blanchot, La Part du feu On the surface, Guillaume de Machaut's Le Livre du voir dit (1362-65) is the transcription and description of an actual love affair supposedly occurring between Machaut anda beautiful young noblewoman whom he calls Toute Belle. Machaut's self-stated goal as author is to be as inclusive as possible in order to render a truthful account of what happened between the lovers, providing the reader with, as Jacqueline Cerquiglini-Toulet puts it: tout: le noir et blanc, l'amour et desamour (Introduction 21). To this end, Le Livre du voir dit is a sprawling, polyphonic collection of reproduced letters and verse supposedly written between Machaut and the noblewoman in real life and then transcribed in the Voir dit, where a narrative supplied by Machaut accompanies the transcriptions. The reader follows along as the purely epistolary relationship becomes a physical one. After some tensions caused by the rarity of actual visits and by rumors of infidelity, the lovers are ultimately portrayed as having achieved an ideal courtly union. Ostensibly, then, the Voir dit (True Poem) is merely the faithful transcription of what happened between two real-life lovers. However, as Blanchot reminds us, reality cannot be transcribed into language without violence. In the case of the Voir dit, this violence is exacerbated (and highlighted) because the discourse of the text--that of medieval courtly verse--is innately infused with ah ideology (that of fin'amors) according to which Guillaume must be cast as the valiant, unwavering lover and Toute Belle--as indicated by the name--must incarnate pure beauty (along with other traits of purity). Numerous studies have demonstrated to what extent the medieval cleric, as writer, could betray a desire to create for himself, among his secular peers, an impressive persona through literature, this has been shown to be the case for Richard de Fournival, (1) Abelard, (2) and, as Kevin Brownlee and Deborah McGrady suggest, for Guillaume de Machaut himself. (3) So we should not be surprised if Guillaume's (4) lofty verse and exahed descriptions of the love affair tend to paint a rather glorious and even allegorical portrait of Machaut in the guise of giving a truthful account. However, when we consider the consequences of this glorification for the called Toute Belle, who must also have an allegorical other imposed upon her, we start to glimpse an economy of domination that underlies Guillaume's retelling of the love affair. Tapping into that economy and describing it will allow us to move beyond limitations of previous scholarship concerning the Voir dit, limitations that--while discerning ulterior motives in Machaut's depiction of the love affair (i.e., building his own image)--have ignored the violence done to the the text must sacrifice to realize those motives. In Controlling Readers, McGrady has pointed to the largely ignored role (46) of Guillaume's inscribed audience in the Voir dit--invasive in terms of its capacity to disrupt and alter the course of Guillaume's literary project. She includes Toute Belle in this audience. However, such an invasive presence is more accurately described as coming from the marginal voice of the behind the construct of Toute Belle; we must distinguish between the two, because Toute Belle is perfectly congruent and necessary to Guillaume's literary project and therefore incapable of being invasive. Guillaume would write the perfect at the expense of the authentic, imperfect we glimpse in the margins of the Voir dit. It should be emphasized here that by authentic woman I do not refer to someone having existed outside of the text (this paper does not participate in that debate). …

The Ottoman Royal Cannon Foundry: “Tophane-I Amire”

In 1824 Sadi Carnot published Réflexions sur la Puissance Motrice du Feu in which he founded almost the entire thermodynamics theory. Two years after his death, his friend Clapeyron introduced the famous diagram PV for analytically representing the famous Carnot’s cycle: one of the main and crucial ideas presented by Carnot in his booklet. Twenty-five years later, in order to achieve the modern version of the theory, Kelvin and Clausius had to reject the caloric hypothesis, which had influenced a few of Carnot’s arguments. Relying on the possibility of studying the history of science by means of logical investigation, in this paper I shall propose an historical/epistemological research on Sadi Carnot’s original thermodynamics theory in which the French scientist presents more than two principles, all of which are expressed by double negated sentences (generally speaking) within non-classical logic.

On Principles In Sadi Carnot’s Thermodynamics (1824). Epistemological Reflections

In 1824 Sadi Carnot published Réflexions sur la Puissance Motrice du Feu in which he founded almost the entire thermodynamics theory. Two years after his death, his friend Clapeyron introduced the famous diagram PV for analytically representing the famous Carnot’s cycle: one of the main and crucial ideas presented by Carnot in his booklet. Twenty-five years later, in order to achieve the modern version of the theory, Kelvin and Clausius had to reject the caloric hypothesis, which had influenced a few of Carnot’s arguments. Relying on the possibility of studying the history of science by means of logical investigation, in this paper I shall propose an historical/epistemological research on Sadi Carnot’s original thermodynamics theory in which the French scientist presents more than two principles, all of which are expressed by double negated sentences (generally speaking) within non-classical logic.

Sainte-Beuve's "Imitations" of Two Sonnets by Wordsworth

Previous articleNext article No AccessSainte-Beuve's "Imitations" of Two Sonnets by WordsworthMichael FerberMichael Ferber Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Wordsworth Circle Volume 38, Number 4Autumn 2007 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/TWC24045322 Views: 1Total views on this site © 2007 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

THE C. OSWALD GEORGE PRIZE

Now is the time for the pleasant annual task of announcing the winner of the C Oswald George Prize, awarded by the Editorial Board for the best article each year. A short note about it appeared in the spring 1999 issue. There is an important new feature this year – please see the information in “News & Notes” on page 64 about the new availability of prize-winning articles. As always, the Board had a large number of very good articles to choose from. This year it felt that there were two that were “best” in different ways, so it has awarded the prize jointly. One recipient is Phung Nguyen for “Public Opinion Polls, Chicken Soup and Sample Size” in issue 27.3. This article uses an ingenious analogy to show that it is the absolute sample size, rather than its proportion to the population size, that matters most in determining the accuracy of a survey. The other recipient is Chris du Feu for “Bluebells and Bias, Stitchwort and Statistics” in 27.2. This enchanting article shows how proper statistical ideas can be explored with and taught to very young children. Congratulations to both authors – and to those of all the other good articles which we have enjoyed during the year. The Editorial Board has also decided to award a special prize to Peter Petocz and Eric Sowey for their on-going series of “Statistical Diversions”. We know from feedback that the “Diversions” have been very well received. They give an intriguingly different look at some of the key ideas of our subject, as well as exploring various nooks and crannies. The task of running a regular on-going column is much larger than might be supposed. It's not just a case of the thought processes for continually and creatively finding new ideas, but also the editorial and proof-correcting tasks of expressing them in the usual format of the “Diversions”. The Editorial Board is extremely grateful to Peter and Eric for all their work, and is very pleased to honour them with a special prize.

Nerval au miroir du temps: Les Filles du feu, Les Chimeres (review)

Reviewed by: Nerval au miroir du temps: Les Filles du feu, Les Chimères Aimee Kilbane Séginger, Gisèle. Nerval au miroir du temps: Les Filles du feu, Les Chimères. Paris: Ellipes, 2004. Pp. 254. ISBN 2-7298-1745-X Gisèle Séginger's new study of Gérard de Nerval offers a close re-reading of several of his important works, followed by analyses of later writers and critics named as descendents of Nerval in order to demonstrate his influence on their work. Nerval au miroir du temps is divided into two sections, the first of which discusses Les Filles du feu and Les Chimères in depth; other relevant works, such as Aurélia and Voyage en Orient, are also given considerable attention. The second section methodically and chronologically describes the rediscovery of and engagement with Nerval's works on the part of fin-de-siècle and twentieth-century writers: Mallarmé, Gourmont, Proust, Apollinaire, Breton, and Bonnefoy. Séginger's work is ambitious, in that while she assumes of the reader a basic familiarity with Nerval, modernity, and the later writers she discusses, she presents some background and contextual information, and provides thorough readings of relevant works by the authors whom she names as descendents of Nerval. The result is a noteworthy study that stresses the importance of artistic lineage and influence, while also contributing an important reading of Nerval as a precursor to twentieth-century modernism. Séginger draws from Nerval's works themes and aesthetics that have become closely associated with modernism: expression of alienation and exile, the search for a third possibility between two extremes (for example retreat from society and acceptance of an unsatisfying status quo), the impossibility of representing in writing the sense of loss perceived as central to modern life, and the representation of non-linear time and space in narrative. Though Séginger never directly references Walter Benjamin, his influence and approach to studies of the nineteenth century and its modernity are evident in her analyses. This is especially true of her discussion of Sylvie, the story from Les Filles du feu that she treats the most thoroughly. Echoing Benjamin's approach of uncovering the secrets of the past through an assemblage of remnants excavated by scholar-archeologists like himself, Séginger notes that the narrator of Sylvie is concerned with preserving a collective past accessible through fragments of memory and text (history, song), which lend to his narration the form of "collage, bricolage"(86). Séginger refers to this narrator as an "archéologue de l'imaginaire collectif: il collecte morceau par morceau, les débris du temps passé" (88). Reading Nerval through Benjamin offers a useful and interesting approach to Nerval, in that it links aspects of Nerval's work to issues of great interest to contemporary scholars of modernity and allows Séginger to draw out new complexity and meaning in Sylvie. In the process of outlining Nerval's contributions to modern literature, Séginger [End Page 433] issues an important reminder that he ought not be dismissed or even classified simply as romantic, mystic, or esoteric, as he often is. Nerval acknowledges that for him the world is without illusions, and that his is a generation that senses the absence of god. But Nerval is not a nihilist, he does not resign himself to rejection of the world because he regrets its condition. Séginger stresses Nerval's desire to re-enchant the world through his work, rather than use it to express disenchantment, and that this is the primary link between Nerval and the twentieth-century writers she discusses. Dreams and illusions are valued as creative forces that belong to lived experience in the world as it exists, therefore Nerval's invention of "une sorte de réalisme du rêve" is not necessarily the equivalent of turning his back on the world (22). What Nerval has in common with the later writers is the desire to create something new and the belief that because the real is not a fixed or finite state, it is inexhaustible. Most valuable in Séginger's study of Nerval's influence on later writers is...