DSP Technology Research Articles

Design of Colliery Gas Monitoring Alarm System Based on DSP

A monitoring and alarm system of colliery gas has been designed with DSP technology. It has been simulated with CCS. The simulation results have shown that this system can realize the real-time on-line monitoring of the colliery gas concentration and auto-alarm when the concentration overruns.

Hardware Design of Online Monitoring System for Power Transformer Malfunction

Power transformers are vital equipments in the grid and their reliability can affect the security of the grid directly. So it is always necessary to monitor the power transformers online. The study designed a multi-parameter online monitoring system for power transformer malfunction utilizing DSP and computer technology. The paper mainly introduced the design and component selection of online monitoring circuit for partial discharge, dielectric loss, gas component in oil and iron core's grounding current. The result showed that this system can diagnose most the malfunctions in power transformers with satisfactory property.

Experimental Study on Odor Compass System Based on Gas Sensor Array and DSP Technology

Abstract. Based on metal oxide gas sensors and DSP technology an odor compass is designed in this paper. Odor compass estimates direction of point odor source by analyzing responses of sensors which are placed on different concentration gradient. Main structure consists of distributed metal oxide gas sensors and plexiglas material. Signal sampling and processing are accomplished by DSP system. The directivity of whole system is tested in uniform wind field. Experimental result shows that the responses for the odor sources with 30°disparity have obvious difference. Ratio of resistance response is selected as characteristic quantity. In this way, influence which is generated from individual difference of sensors is effectively eliminated.

Work Piece Length Measure System Based on Image

Corporation work piece length measure system based on digital image processing technology. CCD vidicon is used as the image capture equipment. Image signal are converted into 8 bits digital code stream by CMOS image sensor chip OV9650. DSP chip of TI is used as the core of image processing in the scheme. Peripheral SDRAM are expanded through peripheral bus to save the large amounts of temporary data in data processing to reduce the time for image processing. Median filtering is adopted in image enhance of the object image. The length of rectangle work piece can be measured in the distance by untouched way by improved edge recognition algorithm in real time. The measurement result is displayed by LCD. Meanwhile the measure system communicates with PC through communication interface. It has been proved that the system can guarantee real-time and high accurate. It’s a typical instance of DSP and digital image processing technology used in industry.

Study on Hardware and Software Realization of Harmonic Detection in Power System

This article introduces a harmonic detection device based on ARM/ DSP. This device uses DSP technology to analysis the harmonic wave in the power system by using complex sequence fast Fourier algorithm, and realizes the power system harmonic on-line detection with the strong control function of ARM module. It overcomes the inconsistency of the time sequence in communicating between DSP and ARM, and solves the synchronous sampling problem of each phase voltage for data acquisition module. In the program it mainly solves the HPI interface of data communication problem between DSP and ARM. Practical applications show that the device can rapidly and accurately detect characterization of power quality, and realize the telecommunication of the power grid data. It can detcet data accurately and reach the level of practical applications.

Address RF Multi-Site Test Efficiency Challenge

To economically test RF device in high volume, one important approach is to make multi-site test. But some features of RF test challenges the multi-site efficiency. These challenges include the data uploading, data processing and the idle waiting behavior in semi-parallel test. In this paper, we will introduce the ATE architecture and solution which take advantage of latest CPU, DSP and HSIO technology to handle above-mentioned challenges. Thus, the good architecture achieves high efficiency multi-site RF test, lower the cost of test.

Miniaturized CMOS Imaging Module with Real-time DSP Technology for Endoscope and Laryngoscope Applications

Miniaturized video camera is a key component in modern medical devices such as endoscopes or other minimally invasive instruments. Here we present a new imaging module which is so small that it can fit through the instrument channels of conventional endoscopes and laryngoscopes. This imaging module includes a 1/18-in. CMOS image sensor and a small integrated lens with field of view of 120°. A Blackfin DSP is used for real-time video processing, including lens distortion compensation, white balance, auto exposure and edge enhancement. The output video signals are displayed on a color LCD monitor. Two white LEDs provide lighting condition. The tip of the imaging module is packaged in a cylinder of diameter 2.5 mm, making many medical applications such as intubation and endoscopy less invasive. It can also be used in machine vision, security and surveillance where small size is important.

Changing the paradigm of practice rooms and music teachers coaching studios

For years the image of practice rooms for many musicians meant playing in places that at times resembled (and sometimes were, in fact) closets. They served the function by creating individual places to practice, but were usually less than desirable due to the internal acoustics provided. The same paradigm has held true for most music teachers coaching studios. Time spent with the teacher was invaluable for improving one’s craft, however the acoustics were constrained the rooms physical dimensions, construction materials and room furnishings. With the advent of DSP, these spaces can now provide a variety of acoustic environments for practice and coaching. Integrated into the latest DSP technology is the ability to provide concurrent recording capability, enabling immediate review of the musician’s performance. In the coaching studio, it is especially effective when the student can quickly hear a specific point the teacher is making. New technology accomplishes this more quickly than with past recording methods. The net result of these additional tools is to accelerate the potential learning experience for the musician.

Enhancement of Integrated GPS/INS Performance Utilizing Frequency Domain Implementation of INS Calibration

: A new approach for improving integrated GPS/INS performance is presented. The approach is based on frequency-domain mechanization of the INS algorithms. The frequency-domain development proposed is motivated by the existing imbalance between conventional INS algorithms and current DSP technology, as well as the recent evolution of GPS block processing techniques that have the promise to significantly enhance GPS performance. The new approach focuses on the implementation of frequency-domain in-flight calibration techniques to achieve centimeter-level accuracy when GPS is integrated with a low-grade INS. This paper demonstrates that the proposed frequency-domain calibration approach allows for suppression of conventional calibration drawbacks. In particular, test results obtained indicate an order of magnitude reduction of errors caused by conventional representation of calibrated parameters (methodical errors). It is also shown that the proposed techniques can compensate for unbounded degradation of inertial accuracy in singularity (or poor observability) cases.

Virtual reflections in electronic acoustic architecture

In the era of the ancient Greeks and Byzantines, the first attempts for increasing reverberation time are noted. In the 1950s, the Ambiophonic system accomplished this by means of an electronic device, for the first time. The early systems only increased the reverberation time by delaying the picked-up reverberation. With the introduction of multichannel feedback-based systems, the reverberation level also could be increased. Later, it was understood that it was important to also fill in the missing reflections, address reflection density, frequency dependence, etc. This resulted in the development of the SIAP concept. Current DSP technology led to the development of a processor whereby density, length, level, and the frequency content can be controlled for different areas in the same room or different rooms, leading to the concept of the acoustic server. electronic acoustic architecture has become the current state-of-the-art approach for solving acoustic deficiencies in, among others, rehearsal rooms, theaters, churches, and multipurpose venues. Incorporation of complementary passive acoustic solutions provides an optimum solution for all room problems. This paper discusses the utilization of virtual reflections in the new approach of electronic acoustic architecture for different environments. Measurements performed in the Sejong Performing Arts Centre, Seoul, South Korea, show the power of this approach.

A discrete multitone transceiver at the heart of the PHY layer of an in-home power line communication local area network

A networked home is a micro-version of the Internet, connecting home appliances, PCs, and other smart devices not only to one another but also to a globally connected world through the Internet. For consumers to embrace home networking, a solution that utilizes the existing infrastructure within the home, such as electrical wiring, is significant. However, the use of power lines as a home networking platform presents quite a troublesome and noisy environment that fluctuates with varying load impedance and time, and is also plagued by impulse noise. The latest developments in VLSI and DSP technologies have enabled power line communication (PLC) networks to compensate for the impairments of the environment. This article discusses the use of discrete multitone technology at the PHY layer of an in-home PLC network, particularly with reference to bit-loading techniques.

NEUROSURGERY BY MULTICHANNEL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, 3D NAVIGATION, AND CUSTOMIZED DATABASE

Accuracy is a main issue in intracranial surgeries like e.g. the implantation of deep brain stimulators. Surgeries are planned on the basis of preoperative CTor MR-scans, thus neglecting the intraoperative brainshift. Microelectrode recordings are performed in order to enhance the accuracy. We present an all-in-one solution to assist stereotactic neurosurgeons: Our system records and analysis electrophysiological signals from 32 channels intraoperatively in realtime and presents them related to anatomical structures. Our hardware consists of DSP technology integrated into a standard PC. We wrote our own visualization and analysis software. So far, only few experienced specialists perform functional neurosurgery. By introducing a customized database into our system, we seek to shorten the “experience gap” between specialists and novices. The database holds electrophysiological signals and describing features related to an anatomical coordinate system, thus presenting the novice what he has to expect in a certain brain region.

DSP technology in industry

DSP technology in industry

Q Factor On-Line Detection in Optical Fiber LANs

Contraposing the characteristics of PHY in optical LAN, an on-line method for Q factor detection basing on DSP technology is put forward and its mathematical physical prototype is discussed. A series of simulative tests indicates that the method is valid, feasible, and convenient.

A novel dual-band equalizer design for loudspeaker systems

Many equalization methods based on DSP technology have been proposed during the past decade. However, nearly all the methods demand low-frequency components to be processed separately because of deficient resolution. A dual-band equalization method for loudspeaker systems is presented in this paper. In this method, the conventional equalization based on deconvolution of the system response and a recently introduced method based on warped filter design are combined, to achieve a refined performance in the whole audio frequency region with lower order filter. Computer simulations are given to demonstrate the effectiveness.

A Fractionally Spaced Decision Feedback Joint Detection Proposal for Multi Carrier CDMA

AbstractSignificant attention has been paid lately on Multiple Access (MA) schemes based on Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) as well as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), especially in the context of the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) selection process. The advantages and weaknesses of CDMA schemes are relatively well known as they provide high immunity against multipath, high flexibility and they are well suited for variable rate links. On the other hand, their performance and capacity is strongly dependent and limited by Multiple Access‐ and Self‐ Interference (MAI and SI respectively). The advances in DSP technology resulting in compact and relatively easy to implement digital modulators combined with the favourable characteristics of OFDM such as immunity to Inter Symbol Interference (ISI), bandwidth efficiency and frequency diversity have resulted over the last years in a number of different radio access scheme proposals for mobile channels that combine OFDM and CDMA. In the context of this paper, we focus in the system implementation known as Multi Carrier CDMA (MC‐CDMA). The use of equalising receiver structures versus the use of the Guard Time technique in MC transmission schemes is discussed and a Fractionally Spaced Decision Feedback Equaliser (FS/DFE) receiver structure for an MC‐CDMA system is proposed. Its performance is evaluated by means of computer simulations and compared to the use of the Guard Time technique. A FS Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) DF equalising structure performing Joint Detection (JD) further improves the performance of the proposed equalising scheme in terms of MAI.

Digital signal processing in hearing aids

For individuals with a hearing impairment, digital signal processing offers the promise of implementing previously unavailable methods of manipulating sound to compensate for hearing loss. However, hearing aids also present a complex technical challenge for the incorporation of DSP technology. Modern hearing aids are powered by zinc-air cells, since this chemistry produces one of the highest energy densities of all battery technologies and results in the most power for the smallest size. However, the use of these cells places severe limitations on the DSP technology that may be incorporated into a hearing aid. The available operating voltage is 1.25 V and, in order to provide an acceptable battery lifetime for the consumer, the available current drain is severely limited. An additional design challenge is that the entire DSP hearing aid must fit into the human ear. This presentation will focus on the complexity of achieving DSP technology in hearing aids within these electronic and mechanical limitations. General discussion will focus on circuitry necessary to achieve DSP in a hearing aid and on the various considerations and limitations that must be taken into account when making design decisions.

ADC and DSP challenges in the development of software radio base stations

The need for software-defined radios raises a number of technical challenges, which play a significant role in the development of third-generation personal communications systems (PCS). Some of the most important technical challenges deal with analog-to-digital conversion and digital signal processing technologies, which, in many cases, cannot provide the advanced hardware needed to support the demanding PCS telecommunications services. We discuss these two technical challenges, focusing primarily on base station radio systems. We first identify the most important requirements for ADC and DSP technologies, and we then extensively discuss and/or propose enabling schemes that could relax these requirements and aid the implementation of software radio base stations. Furthermore, we discuss new structures that can support the development of physically distributed base stations.

<i>Letter to the Editor:</i> SCIPION, a new flexible ionospheric sounder in Senegal

Abstract. SCIPION is a new state of the art digital sounder that has been devoloped by France Telecom-CNET for ionospheric monitoring and research. Extensive data processing using DSP technology has resulted in a low power, low cost and full featured system for both vertical and oblique soundings. A SCIPION system is in the process of being installed in Dakar, Senegal, to study HF propagation in the sub-equatorial ionosphere. However, preliminary results have still been obtained during experiments wit a prototype system. In this paper, the system is described and some illustrative examples of its capabilities are shown.Keywords. Ionosphere (Equatorial ionosphere, Instruments and Techniques) &#x22C5 Radio science (ionospheric propagation).

Advanced base station technology

The authors present an overview of advances in three areas including software radio, adaptive antenna technology, and high-temperature superconductivity as currently envisioned for use in advanced cellular base stations. The conclusion broadly drawn is that the advancement in DSP and ASIC technologies will provide the major contribution in making these technologies technically and commercially realistic.