Nitrogen and phosphorus are key limiting nutrients in teff [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] production. The crop is particularly sensitive to N fertilization, and as a result forage and grain yields are influenced. We conducted four site-year studies to determine N and P requirement of teff grown under a dryland production system. Studies were located in central Oklahoma. Treatments included nine N and P combinations. Commonly grown varieties ‘Quick-E’ and ‘Tiffany’ were used in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were subject to statistical analysis using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS). Analysis of variance (ANOVA), orthogonal polynomial or paired contrasts and non-linear regressions were used to determine the effect of treatments on teff forage and grain yields and quality. Results showed that for central Oklahoma, optimum fertilizer N rate was 67 kg/ha which corresponded with a 1.1 Mg/ha yield goal. Forage crude protein increased with N rate. In addition, N and P influenced some teff mineral and forage quality parameters such as Ca, Fe, acid detergent fiber, and crude protein. Recommendations provided here will serve as a benchmark for N and P fertility guidelines for producers in Oklahoma and semi-arid regions who want to grow teff in a niche market.