Total kernel lipids extracted from Chironji ( Buchanania lanzan, Anacardiaceae) amounted to 65.6% of the dry kernel. The total lipids consisted of 90.4% neutral lipids, 3.4% glycolipids, and 6.2% phospholipids. Neutral lipids consisted mostly of triacylglycerols (82.2%), free fatty acids (7.8%), and small amounts of diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, and sterols. At least three glycolipids and six phospholipids were identified. Acylmonogalactosyldiacylglycerol and acylatedsterylglucoside were the major glycolipids, while digalactosyldiacylglycerol was present in small amounts. The phospholipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylinositol as major phospholipids and minor amounts of lysophosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylcholine. The fatty acid composition of these different neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids was determined.