Drug Delivery Strategies For Treatment Research Articles

Advances in drug delivery-based therapeutic strategies for renal fibrosis treatment.

Renal fibrosis is the result of all chronic kidney diseases and is becoming a major global health hazard. Currently, traditional treatments for renal fibrosis are difficult to meet clinical needs due to shortcomings such as poor efficacy or highly toxic side effects. Therefore, therapeutic strategies that target the kidneys are needed to overcome these shortcomings. Drug delivery can be attained by improving drug stability and addressing controlled release and targeted delivery of drugs in the delivery category. By combining drug delivery technology with nanosystems, controlled drug release and biodistribution can be achieved, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and reducing toxic cross-wise effects. This review discusses nanomaterial drug delivery strategies reported in recent years. Firstly, the present review describes the mechanisms of renal fibrosis and anti-renal fibrosis drug delivery. Secondly, different nanomaterial drug delivery strategies for the treatment of renal injury and fibrosis are highlighted. Finally, the limitations of these strategies are also discussed. Investigating various anti-renal fibrosis drug delivery strategies reveals the characteristics and therapeutic effects of various novel nanosystem-derived drug delivery approaches. This will serve as a reference for future research on drug delivery strategies for renal fibrosis treatment.

Sustained drug delivery strategies for treatment of common substance use disorders: Promises and challenges.

Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a leading cause of death and other ill health effects in the United States and other countries in the world. Several approaches ranging from detoxification, behavioral therapy, and the use of antagonists or drugs with counter effects are currently being applied for its management. Amongst these, drug therapy is the mainstay for some drug abuse incidences, as is in place specifically for opioid abuse or alcohol dependence. The severity of the havocs observed with the SUDs has triggered constant interest in the discovery and development of novel medications as well as suitable or most appropriate methods for the delivery of these agents. The chronic need of such drugs in users warrants the need for their prolonged or sustained systemic availability. Further, the need to improve patient tolerance to medication, limit invasive drug use and overall treatment outcome are pertinent considerations for embracing sustained release designs for medications used in managing SUDs. This review aims to provide an overview on up-to-date advances made with regards to sustained delivery systems for the drugs for treatment of different types of SUDs such as opioid, alcohol, tobacco, cocaine, and cannabis use disorders. The clinical relevance, promises and the limitations of deployed sustained release approaches along with future opportunities are discussed.

Recent Developments and Novel Drug Delivery Strategies for the Treatment of Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious illness caused by species having a place with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The clinical management of tuberculosis still remains a difficult task. Treatment of TB with anti-tubercular drugs becomes the only option available. Hence, the goals of treatment are ensure cure without relapse, prevent death, impede transmission, and prevent emergence of drug resistant strains. This review describes the latest developments and innovative drug delivery strategies for treatment of TB in order to improve the therapeutic efficacy and reduce toxic effect of anti-tubercular agents and enhance patient compliance with concomitant decrease in drug interaction. Among different novel drug delivery systems Niosomes, Liposomes, Dendrimers, Cyclodextrins, Microencapsulation, Alginates and Hydrogels have been described as new drug delivery strategies of anti-tubercular agents.

Nanomedicine and drug delivery strategies for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are two important categories of human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Because the precise mechanisms of the inflammation and immune responses in IBD have not been fully elucidated, the treatment of IBD primarily aims to inhibit the pathogenic factors of the inflammatory cascade. Inconsistencies exist regarding the response and side effects of the drugs that are currently used to treat IBD. Recent studies have suggested that the use of nanomedicine might be advantageous for the treatment of intestinal inflammation because nano-sized molecules can effectively penetrate epithelial and inflammatory cells. We reviewed nanomedicine treatments, such as the use of small interfering RNAs, antisense oligonucleotides, and anti-inflammatory molecules with delivery systems in experimental colitis models and clinical trials for IBD based on a systematic search. The efficacy and usefulness of the treatments reviewed in this manuscript have been demonstrated in experimental colitis models and clinical trials using various types of nanomedicine. Nanomedicine is expected to become a new therapeutic approach to the treatment of IBD.

Recent Patents on Ocular Drug Delivery Systems

There are three main routes for delivery of drugs to the eye: topical, systemic and intra-ocular injection. Controlled delivery systems, such as ocular inserts, minitablets and disposable lenses, can be applied to the exterior surface of the eye for treatment of conditions affecting the anterior segment of the eye. Extended residence times following topical application have the potential to improve bioavailability of the administered drug and additionally a range of strategies has been tested to improve penetration including cyclodextrins, liposomes and nanoparticles. The first part of this review will focus on recent patent filings in this area. The second part of the review reports on drug delivery strategies for treatment of diseases of the posterior segment of the eye. The development of therapeutic agents that require repeated, long-term administration is a driver for the development of sustained-release drug delivery systems to result in less frequent dosing and less invasive techniques. This review article focuses on recently patented applications (from March 2004 to present) of drug delivery systems for ocular delivery.