Driver's License Research Articles

Driver's licences for undocumented immigrants and post‐mortem organ donation

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between expanded access to driver's licences among undocumented immigrants and the number of post‐mortem organ donors, using difference‐in‐differences modelling and event study estimation techniques. Results suggest that the adoption of laws that grant driver's licences to undocumented immigrants effectively increased the population of licensed drivers by about 2.7%. These increments eventually led to subsequent increases in the number of Hispanic organ donors by 28%, and the outcome is driven mainly by young adult Hispanic donors. Moreover, DLU laws are further credited with an approximately 17% increase in organ transplants, particularly among Hispanics, although transplant waiting list addition numbers are not significantly affected. As these laws pave the way for more undocumented drivers to register as organ donors, such legislation could help to alleviate organ shortage issues and narrow the ‘ethnic waiting period gap’ for organ transplants.

Evolving therapies, neurocognitive outcomes, and functional independence in adult survivors of childhood glioma.

Treatment of childhood glioma has evolved to reduce radiotherapy exposure with the goal of limiting late toxicity. However, the associations between treatment changes and neurocognition, and the contribution of neurocognition and chronic health conditions to attainment of adult independence, remain unknown. Adult survivors of childhood glioma diagnosed in 1970-1999 in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (n = 1284; median [minimum-maximum] 30 [18-51] years of age at assessment; 22 [15-34] years from diagnosis) self-reported neurocognitive impairment and chronic health conditions. Multivariable models evaluated associations between changes in treatment exposures (surgery only, chemotherapy [with or without surgery], cranial radiation [with or without chemotherapy and/or surgery]), and neurocognitive impairment. Latent class analysis with 5 indicators (employment, independent living, assistance with routine and/or personal care needs, driver's license, marital or partner status) identified classes of functional independence. Path analysis tested associations among treatment exposures, neurocognitive impairment, chronic health conditions, and functional independence. Statistical tests were 2-sided. Cranial radiation exposure decreased over time (51%, 1970s; 46%, 1980s; 27%, 1990s]. However, compared with siblings, survivors with any treatment exposure were at elevated risk for neurocognitive impairment, including surgery only (eg, memory: relative risk = 2.22; task efficiency: relative risk = 1.88; both P < .001). Three classes of functional independence were identified: independent (58%), moderately independent (20%), and nonindependent (22%). Cranial radiation was associated with nonindependence through impaired task efficiency (β = 0.06), sensorimotor (β = 0.06), and endocrine (β = 0.10) chronic health conditions and through the associations between these conditions and task efficiency (each β = 0.04). Sensorimotor and endocrine chronic health conditions were associated with nonindependence through memory. Most long-term glioma survivors achieve adult independence. However, functional nonindependence is associated with treatment-related neurocognitive impairment and chronic health conditions.

Monitoring Analysis of the Apron Movement Control Unit for Ground Support Equipment Personnel at the Apron of Husein Sastranegara International Airport, Bandung

Apron Movement Control (AMC) is an airport personnel who has a license and rating to carry out the duties of being in charge of flight operations, monitoring vehicle traffic, aircraft movement, cleanliness in the airside area, passenger supervision and recording of flight data on the apron. The AMC Unit carries out supervision with the aim of creating work order and safety as well as creating a sense of discipline for airport service users, including discipline for ground handling personnel and GSE officers. The purpose of this research is to find out how the AMC unit supervises Ground Support Equipment (GSE) personnel and to find out what efforts are made by AMC officers in disciplining GSE personnel when they commit violations. This research is a descriptive qualitative research using primary and secondary data. Primary data includes results of observations during research and results of interviews with AMC officers, while secondary data includes Apron Movement Control (AMC) Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) documents. The results of this research can be concluded that the supervision and role of the AMC unit in disciplining GSE officers has been carried out properly and with strict actions in accordance with applicable procedures. This can be proven that almost all work procedures and indicators of work guidelines for the AMC unit have been implemented properly. The AMC unit also gives direct warnings and directions to ground handling officers and GSE officers when they commit a violation. AMC personnel apply sanctions in the form of freezing their driver's license (TIM) or cutting airport passes in the event of a major violation.

Implementasi Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas dalam Perolehan Surat Izin Mengemudi (SIM) ”D” di Polresta Denpasar

Granting of Driver's Licenses (SIM) to persons with disabilities The obstacles faced by the Police in providing a driver's license (SIM) for persons with disabilities in the jurisdiction of the Denpasar Police, that in accordance with the provisions of the application for a driver's license must be completed with a Health Certificate from a doctor. This writing uses an emperical research method, namely conducting field research through interviews at the research site supported by primary and secondary data collected and processed in a qualitative descriptive manner. The Effectiveness of Driver's License (SIM) Making Services in the Administrative Unit (Satpas) of the Denpasar Police Driver's License, that the process of servicing a driver's license (SIM) "D" for persons with disabilities is carried out in accordance with the provisions of the applicable law and other related regulations and in practice the service has not been effective, due to the lack of facilities and infrastructure of practical test equipment in the form of motor vehicles specifically and their trajectories, so that there is a gap between the Das Sollen with Das Sein caused the service of a Driver's License (SIM) "D". The obstacles faced by the Police in providing driver's licenses (SIM) for people with disabilities, that with several factors as obstacles to the service of making a driver's license (SIM) "D"lack of facilities and infrastructure, there are several efforts made by the police in overcoming obstacles through the provision of special motor vehicle facilities and infrastructure for people with disabilities and their tracks.

Slang Words used in Olivia Rodrigo Song Lyrics in the Album of Sour

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; This final project is based on the study which attempted to analyze the slang word used in song lyrics by Olivia Rodrigo. The song’s album is called Sour. There were eleven songs in the album but the researcher takes only seven among of them. The songs are Brutal, Traitor, Driver License, Good 4 U, Happier, Jealousy-jealousy, and Hope Ur Ok. The main purpose of this study is were to analyze the types of slang words found in the song lyrics, the meaning of the slang words found in song lyrics, and the dominant slang words found in song lyrics. This research is descriptive-qualitative analysis which analyzed the slang word used in the song lyrics usin Allan and Burridge’s theory (2006). The result of the study was there were 48 data of slag words found in the song lyrics. Those slang words was classified into 4 types of slang words. The types were fresh and creative (41.6%), flippant (27.3%), imitative (12.5%), and clipping (18.5%). From these result it can be concluded that the dominant type of slang word is fresh and creatve.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Gender/sex markers, bio/logics, and U.S. identity documents

Policies about changing gender/sex on identity documents provide insights into definitions of gender/sex, and impact especially transgender and/or nonbinary lives. We investigated these on U.S. driver's licenses and birth certificates to understand variability in these policies, including in comparison to an earlier report in 2014, and to explore what kinds of “bio/logics” (decision rules rooted in biological or biologistic thinking) might be at play. Results show that the most common requirements in 2020 included proof of gender affirming surgery, a letter from a medical doctor, and hormone therapy. Compared to 2014, results showed an increase in requirements for hormone therapy and letters from therapists or medical doctors, and a decrease in requirements for gender affirming surgery. We highlight how this suggests a shift to “pubertal bio/logics”: rooting gender/sex definitions in secondary sex characteristics. This contrasts with previous requirements that pointed to “newborn bio/logics”: rooted in genital definitions of gender/sex affirmed by a surgico-medical authority. Both support policy framings of gender/sex as a biophenomenon, though with different impacts for trans and/or nonbinary livability. Our study provides insights into U.S. state definitions of gender/sex, and their multiple and contradictory biological views on gender/sex, with implications especially for transgender and/or nonbinary individuals’ lives.

Cognitive Biases, Attitudes, and Beliefs of Teenagers and Parents Toward Practice Driving, Vehicle Choice, and Safety Technology

Teenagers in the United States are at the highest risk of crash during the first year of independent driving. Graduated driver licensing (GDL) policies, vehicle choice, and safety technologies all have an impact on teenager safety, yet more needs to be understood about parent and teenager attitudes and beliefs that affect the choices and decisions surrounding these issues. We conducted six focus groups with teenagers enrolled in a driver education program and their parents. A qualitative thematic analysis was undertaken of the responses of these individuals directly experiencing GDL policies and selecting vehicles for the teenagers to drive. We found parents believed there was a high likelihood teenage drivers would crash and were concerned about the associated financial costs. Parents preferred visual cues for determining vehicle safety and had concerns for the impact of safety technologies on teenager driving skills. Teenagers and parents felt that logging 60 h was a measure of the character of a driver rather than an opportunity for mastering driving skills. There was a debate balancing the intrusiveness with the convenience of recording driving through smartphone applications. Teenagers wanted to learn to drive for independence, but parents did not observe actions related to these desires. Attitudes and beliefs about which vehicles were safest were heavily influenced by personal experiences and perceptions, rather than quantitative evidence, with examples of availability-, substitution-, and outcome cognitive biases. By understanding the influence of cognitive biases on driving safety decisions, community-based educational outreach programs could more effectively improve teenager driver safety.

Evaluation of the self-assessment knowledge regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation in medical students at the University of Belgrade.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a vital skill that can improve the outcome of patients with sudden cardiac arrest. To raise awareness about CPR some countries have introduced an obligatory First Aid Course (FAC), usually done parallelly to a driver's license (DL). While expected of doctors to know CPR, the curriculum of some medical schools does not seem to have enforced measures to improve that knowledge. The aim was to have students self-evaluate their current knowledge of CPR, comparing it before university and whether it improved during their studies. A cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2020 using an anonymous questionnaire among students at the Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade (studies in English). A total of 172 (66.7%) students possessed a DL, of which 39.8% felt they were ready, 45.8% felt neutral, and 14.4% felt unable to perform CPR. The total number of students that completed a FAC during their studies was 165. Analysis was performed on the ability assessment data after the first FAC during studies, comparing it to FAC for DL and assessments at the end of studies. No statistically significant difference was observed in the level of self-reported ability to perform CPR, while a statistically significant difference was found in ability assessments when comparing only the FAC for the DL, and the one after the first FAC during medical studies, with students feeling more prepared after the FAC for DL. Across the sample, 90.2% of the students wished they had more CPR training during their medical studies. From this study, it may conclude that students wish and need more CPR training in their curriculum.

Ethyl glucuronide in hair as a marker of driving under the influence of alcohol: a year of laboratory experience applied to regaining a driver's license

Ethyl glucuronide in hair as a marker of driving under the influence of alcohol: a year of laboratory experience applied to regaining a driver's license

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Family Medicine Clinical Practices During the Second Wave

Background/Aims: It is seen that there are various changes brought by the process within the legislation and in various practices in primary health care services in extraordinary health situations such as pandemics. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on some clinical practices of family physicians in Turkey.&#x0D; Methods: The descriptive study was applied to family physicians working actively in family health centers between February 15, 2021 and April 1, 2021. Family physicians working actively in family health centers formed the universe. Physicians were asked through online-survey questions regarding specific follow-ups and changes they made in some clinical practices, the changes in the number of applications, and the arrangements they made in this regard.&#x0D; Results: 912 people participated in the study. 59.9% were male, 60.2% had been practicing family medicine for more than 10 years. 63.9% had PCR test and 26.8% had antibody test. 16.1% were diagnosed with COVID-19. 84% of them went to Family Health Center (FHC) every day during the pandemic. While 48.2% of them were doing triage, 53.6% of the participants stated that the number of applications decreased. 65.2% of them did their pregnant-baby-child follow-ups during the COVID-19 pandemic as before the pandemic, 24.7% carried out by appointment. 54.3% made a change in the FHC layout and terms. 50.2% stated that they did not follow up on chronic diseases during the COVID-19 period, 59.2% stated that there was a decrease in the number. 66.7% of them made their childhood vaccinations during the COVID-19 pandemic as before the pandemic, 24.7% carried out by appointment, and the number of applications for 73.6% did not change. 63.6% of them made adult vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic as before the pandemic, the number of applications increased by 58.2%, and 73% were encouraging individuals. The number of those who came for general health status reports (driver's license, mental ability, job security, etc.) did not change by 53%, but increased by 23.6%.&#x0D; Conclusion: The pandemic period has caused serious changes in family medicine clinical practices; family physicians have made various arrangements to carry out their current work in this period and have made an effort to convey this situation to the public.

Implementasi Pembuatan Surat Izin Mengemudi Oleh Satuan Penyelenggara Administrasi Surat Izin Mengemudi Polisi Resor Kota Pagar Alam

The purpose of this research is to find out the standard operating procedure for making a driver's license. The implementation of standard operating procedures in public services is one way to realize good governance in public services. As well as the importance of order and smooth traffic in order to avoid traffic accidents that can result in death, injury or damage and loss of property. So Law no. 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation that everyone who owns a motorized vehicle is required to have a driving license in accordance with the type of motorized vehicle being driven as a legitimacy of the driver's competence. This research method is a qualitative research method with descriptive analysis techniques. Techniques Data collection is done by interview, observation and documentation. Determination of informants based on purposive technique. For the aspect of completion time is less than the standard time set. The standard service completion time is two hours, but the implementation is less than two hours because there are several processes that are not carried out such as written tests and practical tests. The cost aspect of making a driving license is greater than the provisions stipulated in PP no. 50 of 2010 concerning PNBP. This is because of the system for making a Shooting Driver's License. For the aspect of competence of service providers as well as aspects of the completeness of facilities and infrastructure are sufficient.

Psychological Well-Being, Everyday Functioning, and Autonomy In Emerging Adults with a Congenital Heart Defect

To characterize the psychological well-being, everyday functioning, and autonomy of emerging adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) and explore how they relate to the executive function (EF) deficits commonly observed in this population. Questionnaires assessing psychological well-being (encompassing psychosocial functioning and resilience), EF, and age-appropriate indicators of everyday function and autonomy (eg, housing, education, employment, relationship status) were completed by participants with CHD (16-26 years) who underwent open-heart surgery during infancy and age- and sex-matched controls. A total of 58 emerging adults with CHD and 57 controls participated in this study. Mean scores on the resilience and psychosocial functioning questionnaires were not significantly different between CHD and control participants. Emerging adults with CHD also did not differ from controls in terms of holding a driver's license, involvement in a romantic relationship, or current employment status. Multiple linear regression identified that better EF was associated with better psychological well-being. This study emphasizes the need for systematic screening for EF deficits during adolescence and early adulthood to promote optimal well-being in this population. Further research is required to continue to document the everyday experiences of adolescents and young adults with CHD to identify protective factors associated with a successful and satisfying transition to adult life.

Strategi Kepolisian Resort Kota Bengkulu Dalam Mengurangi Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Di Kota Bengkulu

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; As population growth continues to increase, the transportation needs that support each person's journey will increase. The increasing number of motorized vehicles can pose a risk to traffic accidents. A strategy is needed to reduce traffic accidents in order to reduce the number of accidents in Bengkulu City. This strategy was carried out by the Bengkulu City Resort Police, especially Laka and Bengkulu City. This thesis aims to provide information and describe the strategy of the city of Bengkulu in reducing traffic accidents in the city of Bengkulu. This thesis reveals strategies in the form of counseling or socialization to the people of Bengkulu city. The research method used is a qualitative method with an inductive approach based on descriptive strategies that will clearly explain the strategy in reducing traffic accidents in the city of Bengkulu. Guided by Michael A Hitt's theory of Strategy Management Theory, namely human factors, vehicles, and the physical environment. The results of the study concluded that there were several strategies for the Bengkulu city police in reducing Bengkulu city accidents: 1) Conducting counseling to schools in the city of Bengkulu, 2) Notifying parents so that their children do not drive to school if they do not have a driver's license (SIM ), 3) Giving appeals on the road to the community, 4) Conducting counseling to motorcycle taxi drivers for orderly traffic, 5) Coordinating with relevant agencies such as Public Works and the Transportation Agency.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Financial status and travel time to driving schools as barriers to obtaining a young driver license in a state with comprehensive young driver licensing policy

The highest lifetime risk for a motor vehicle crash is immediately after the point of licensure, with teen drivers most at risk. Comprehensive teen driver licensing policies that require completion of driver education and behind-the-wheel training along with Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) are associated with lower young driver crash rates early in licensure. We hypothesize that lack of financial resources and travel time to driving schools reduce the likelihood for teens to complete driver training and gain a young driver’s license before age 18. We utilize licensing data from the Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles on over 35,000 applicants between 15.5 and 25 years old collected between 2017 and 2019. This dataset of driving schools is maintained by the Ohio Department of Public Safety and is linked with Census tract-level socioeconomic data from the U.S. Census. Using logit models, we estimate the completion of driver training and license obtainment among young drivers in the Columbus, Ohio metro area. We find that young drivers in lower-income Census tracts have a lower likelihood to complete driver training and get licensed before age 18. As travel time to driving schools increases, teens in wealthier Census tracts are more likely to forgo driver training and licensure than teens in lower-income Census tracts. For jurisdictions aspiring to improve safe driving for young drivers, our findings help shape recommendations on policies to enhance access to driver training and licensure especially among teens living in lower-income Census tracts.

‘I can still drive a car.’ Self-presentation in later life and the symbolic value of driving

Abstract This qualitative study draws attention to the symbolic value of driving or having a valid driver's licence among older adults as part of their impression management. While several studies have focused on driving behaviour, safety, risk factors and not least the consequences of driving cessation, the present study from the Faroe Islands contributes to the body of knowledge concerning older adults and driving by bringing an impression management lens to this issue. Social constructionism formed both the theoretical and methodological approach and data came from interviews with three couples and eight individuals in their eighties. All the male participants still had their driver's licence and were active drivers except for one. Among the women, four had driver's licences and three were active drivers. Our findings point to the necessity of understanding the reluctance to give up driving as being not only related to quality of life, mobility and independence, but also being highly related to preserving one's identity as a competent and ‘not that old’ person. Contrary to common prejudices against older drivers, the findings also showed that these participants reported self-regulation adjustments to continue driving safely. The study indicates a need to support older drivers to continue driving if they wish to do so. It is not only a question of mobility or being independent, but also related to preserving one's social identity in later life.

Driver Licences, Diversionary Programs and Transport Justice for First Nations Peoples in Australia

Driver Licences, Diversionary Programs and Transport Justice for First Nations Peoples in Australia

Driver Licences, Diversionary Programs and Transport Justice for First Nations Peoples in Australia

In Australia, one significant cause of the imprisonment and disadvantage of First Nations people relates to transport injustice. First Nations people face obstacles in becoming lawful road users, particularly in relation to acquiring driver licences, with driving unlicensed a common pathway into the criminal justice system. This paper identifies that while some programs focus on increasing driver licensing for First Nations people, there are significant limitations in terms of coverage and access. Further, very few diversionary or support programs proactively address the intersection between First Nations people’s driver licensing and the criminal justice system. Nevertheless, it is argued that scope does exist within some state and territory criminal justice programs to enhance transport justice by assisting First Nations people to secure driver licensing. This paper highlights the need for accessible, available and culturally safe driver licencing support programs in First Nations communities led by First Nations people.

Understanding driverless car adoption: Random parameters ordered probit model for Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney

With advanced policy and technology support, driverless cars are expected to be a reality on Australian roads in next 5–10 years. The pace at which driverless cars emerge as a mainstream travel mode greatly depends on public adoption and acceptance; this is likely to be based on multiple factors. The impact these factors may have on various adoption time horizons, however, is rarely discussed in contemporary research. Therefore, this study focuses on illustrating the impact of factors associated with the adoption of driverless cars in Australia. A survey was conducted on 2608 participants living in metropolitan Brisbane, Melbourne, and Sydney. A total of 1108 participants expressed their preference towards driverless car adoption over three different time intervals, ranging from now to 10 years following deployment. Four random parameters ordered probit models were developed using the survey data—three separate models for Brisbane, Melbourne, and Sydney, and one for the combined dataset. Significance differences among models were evaluated using the likelihood ratio test. The results showed a significant difference among cities in terms of contributing factors towards driverless car adoption timeline. Additionally, different groups, considering the following factors—gender, age, household members, level of education, employment status, income, driving licence duration, travel distance to school, travel distance for social outings, car ownership, familiarity with driving aids and driverless car riding—exhibited a mixed interest regarding the adoption timeline for driverless cars. Other groups, considering the following factors exhibited a unidirectional interest—age, level of education, workplace type, income, employment status, travel distance to work, travel distance to school, travel distance for social outings, number of employed in a household, occupation, driver's licence age, number of smart tech use, driverless car trip purpose, feature preference in a driverless car, and use of driving aids. The study offers insights for future planning and policy direction related to driverless car adoption.

Rates and predictors of teen driver crash culpability

Background: Motor-vehicle crash risk is highest among teen drivers. Despite a wealth of research on the topic, there are still many contributors to these crashes that are not well understood. The current study sought to examine the contribution of graduated driver licensing (GDL) restrictions, sex, age, roadway circumstances, and citation history to teen drivers’ crash culpability. Method: Crash system data from the Iowa Department of Transportation were linked with traffic-related charges from the Iowa Court Information System. Crashes involving teens aged 14 to 17 years between 2016 and 2019 were analyzed (N = 19,847). Culpability was determined using the driver contributing circumstances from the crash report. Moving and non-moving traffic citations issued prior to the date of each crash were considered. A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to examine predictors of crash culpability. Results: Teen drivers were determined to be culpable for more than two thirds of crashes (N = 13,604, 68.54%). Culpability was more prevalent among males, younger teens, in rural areas, in the presence of reported roadway contributing circumstances, during hours of restricted nighttime driving, and among teens with citation histories that included both moving and non-moving citations. Similarly, multivariable model results indicated that the likelihood of culpability was higher among males, in rural areas, and at each stage of GDL compared to teen drivers with unrestricted licenses. While drivers with a history of both moving and non-moving violations were more likely to be culpable, those with a history of only moving or only non-moving violations were less likely to be culpable compared to those with no violation history. Conclusion: Sex, crash location, and GDL stage were associated with teen driver crash culpability. A singular prior moving or non-moving violation may play a protective role in teen crash culpability.

PENGARUH SIMPLIFIKASI PROSEDUR PELAYANAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT PELAYANAN PERPANJANGAN SURAT IJIN MENGEMUDI DI SATPAS POLRESTABES KOTA MAKASSAR

The formulation of the problem in this research is Does Simplification of Customer Procedures affect Customer Satisfaction of Driver's License (SIM) at Traffic Police of Makassar City? Does the Efficiency of Customer Simplification Affect Customer Satisfaction of a Driver's License (SIM) at the Makassar City Police Traffic Unit? Does the Simplification Effectiveness Procedure affect Driver's License (SIM) Customer Satisfaction at the Makassar City Police Traffic Unit? Does the Cost Element Affect Customer Satisfaction of Driver's License (SIM) at Traffic Traffic Makassar City Police? Does Time Acceleration Affect Driver's License (SIM) Customer Satisfaction at Traffic Traffic Makassar City Police? Does Service Innovation affect Driver's License (SIM) Customer Satisfaction at Traffic Traffic Makassar City Police? This research was conducted at Polrestabes Makassar City. The sampling technique used Purposive Sampling to 90 responden consumer SIM administrators at Polrestabes Makassar City. The reason for determining the object of this research is because it is easily accessible by researchers so that it can facilitate the implementation of research. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the Procedure Factor has a positive and significant influence on the Satisfaction of STNK Management at the Wajo District Police. The procedural factor has a positive and insignificant effect on SIM applicant satisfaction at the Makassar City Police. The efficiency factor has a negative and insignificant effect on SIM applicant satisfaction Makassar City Police. The effectiveness factor has a positive and insignificant effect on SIM applicant satisfaction Makassar City Police. Cost Element Factors have a positive and not significant impact on SIM Applicant Satisfaction Makassar City Police. The time acceleration factor has a positive and insignificant effect on SIM applicant satisfaction at the Makassar City Police. 6. The innovation factor has a positive and significant influence on the satisfaction of SIM applicants at the Makassar City Polrestabes.