Draw Back Research Articles

A Review on Process of Data Mining Approaches in Healthcare Sectors

Data Mining is one of the foremost motivating areas of research that is become additional and more wide unfolds in health organization. Processing plays an awfully vital role for uncovering new trends in health care organization that in turn helpful for all the parties associated with this field. This survey explores the utility of various processing techniques like classification, clustering, association, regression in health domain. Throughout this paper, we have a tendency to tend to gift a brief introduction of these techniques and their blessings and drawbacks. This survey together highlights applications, challenges and future issues with processing in health care. Recommendation with reference to the suitable choice of accessible processing technique is in addition mentioned throughout this paper. A Clinical information Repository will be used within the hospital setting to trace prescribing trends in addition as for the looking of infectious diseases. One area CDR’s would possibly likely be used is looking the prescribing of antibiotics in hospitals significantly as a result ofthe range of antibiotic- resistant microorganism is ever increasing. In 1995, a study at the letter Israel deacon centre conducted by the Harvard graduate school used a CDR to observe antibiotic use and prescribing trends since vancomycin-resistant enterococci is also a growing draw back. They used the CDR to trace the prescribing by linking the individual patient, medication, and thus the biology science laboratory results that were all contained at intervals the CDR.

Role of Teacher Training Program in Enhancing Quality Education

Education is the first and foremost requirement for all the other fields of nation. Teacher is the pilot of the whole education system. So it is very necessary for every nation to develop competent teachers for the formation of the future generation through teacher training program. Excellent, skilful, qualitative and competent teachers are necessary for shaping the future generation. Quality teacher education training program is an ultimate need of the hour in our nation in building an army of good citizens to face the future challenges of the world. Number of research studies, reports and committees identified-lack of needed teacher competencies in present teacher training programme. Quality of education in present educational system gets permeable due to lack of updated competency formation and training. A teacher is supposed to teach not only the syllabus but also life skills and values which enable the students to find out good path in the society by distinguishing the right and wrong and to treat equally in the society. Every nation designs its teacher training programme with definite plans and policies. An attempt is being done through this paper to explore the draw backs of present teacher training programme on the basis of 21st century demands. The present paper tries to put light into the role of teacher training programme to make well equipped and competent teachers of 21st century for enhancing quality education at present scenario.

Novel One Time Signatures (NOTS): A Compact Post-Quantum Digital Signature Scheme

The future of the hash based digital signature schemes appears to be very bright in the upcoming quantum era because of the quantum threats to the number theory based digital signature schemes. The Shor's algorithm is available to allow a sufficiently powerful quantum computer to break the building blocks of the number theory based signature schemes in a polynomial time. The hash based signature schemes being quite efficient and provably secure can fill in the gap effectively. However, a draw back of the hash based signature schemes is the larger key and signature sizes which can prove a barrier in their adoption by the space critical applications, like the blockchain. A hash based signature scheme is constructed using a one time signature (OTS) scheme. The underlying OTS scheme plays an important role in determining key and signature sizes of a hash based signature scheme. In this article, we have proposed a novel OTS scheme with minimized key and signature sizes as compared to all of the existing OTS schemes. Our proposed OTS scheme offers an 88% reduction in both key and signature sizes as compared to the popular Winternitz OTS scheme. Furthermore, our proposed OTS scheme offers an 84% and an 86% reductions in the signature and the key sizes respectively as compared to an existing compact variant of the WOTS scheme, i.e. WOTS + .

Impact of Climate Change on Livestock in Bangladesh: A Review of What We Know and What We Need to Know

Bangladesh is one of the over populated disaster prone country. The effect of climate change on livestock is a great deal to talk. This review study reveals that Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries. However, the change of climate in this country momentously continuing and which determines how difficult it is to design and implement future strategies. Being a developing country, Bangladesh is less likely to face the challenges caused by global warming and climate changes owing to financial crisis and budget allocation in preparedness of emergency and urgent. As a part of agriculture, livestock sector is considered as backboneof annual GDP in Bangladesh. Besides, the financial hardship, negligence of long term planning and dearth of implementation of the existing capacity are crucial draw back for livestock development. Therefore, this review provides some advantageous rules for policymakers on habituation and pacification of the climatic hazards for wellbeing of livestock sectors of Bangladesh.

A COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY ON THE COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES AND ITS APPLICATIONS

The artificial intelligence that tries to imitate the human beings by gathering a vast knowledge gained using the reasoning, planning, searching and prediction fails in certain areas that necessitate a construction of large set of rules. The AI also faces challenges due to the growing demands in the learning and the search optimization. These failures of AI paved a path for the growth of the computational tools that led to the rise of the new regimen that is the computational intelligence. The paper presents the comprehensive survey of the computational intelligent techniques and its applications as they seem to be an effective alternative for the artificial intelligence overcoming the failures and the draw backs in it.

Optimal Size & location of Distributed Generation Using Bird Swarm Optimization with Cuckoo Search Sorting Algorithm

In this paper a natural habitat inspired metaheuristic Bird Swarm Optimization algorithm is implemented with improvisations made for the development of solution for the optimal allocations and optimal size prediction problem of Dispersed generation/ Distributed Generator in a radial power system distribution system in consideration of the drawbacks in the previous algorithms both in the context of convergence time and the optimal sizing with respect to the cost analysis for operation of the system with different number of DG’s installed in such a way that the optimal locations and sizes of DG’s installed is finalised with highest priority to the economical operation along with the immediate priority given to the network losses along with voltage deviations. To avoid the draw backs in previous optimisation algorithm regarding accuracy and run time. Along with the Cognitive component Weighted factor Bird Swarm optimisation (CWFBSO) algorithm a new concept is introduced called DG Size tuner Such that cost effective economical installation is possible as by the size tuner it is possible to compare the losses and voltage profile within the mean difference of the optimal sizes of final allocation determined by the main algorithm i.e., CWFBSO. Obtained results using CWFBSO in determining optimal locations and sizes of DG’s is capable showing good performance with less run time and convergence time and by using size tuner the optimal size selected economically with respect to less voltage deviation and minimal losses.

Sign Board Monitoring and Vehicle Accident Detection System Using IoT

Abstarct: The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents take place frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. According to this project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately Vibration sensor will detect the signal or if a car rolls over, and vibration sensor will detects the signal and sends it to RASPBERRY PI controller. Alcohol detection, eye blink is performed by the RASPBERRY PI Microcontroller sends, it alert mail through the IOT to the parents or a rescue team. So the person can immediately then after conforming the location necessary action will be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone’s life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team. This paper is useful in detecting the accident precisely by means of both vibration sensor and Alcohol detection, eye blink sensor.. As there is a scope for improvement and as a future implementation we can add a wireless webcam for capturing the images which will help in providing driver’s assistance.

Projection of Constraint Based on Clustering

In this current framework, generally in on-line web site, purchasers can accounts in looking web site. They consumer login their record and examine the things. The, Recent summary report says that nice the good the nicer a part of business consumer area unit giving their phony survey among the great things. This might prompted negative shade among the item and it's been huge draw back among the administration aspect moreover, contributive tremendous total and that they try substantial misfortune in market. To defeat this issue, in projected framework, the consumer can provide the audit while not getting the things. It's primarily to dodge the phony purchasers among the things. The consumer survey framework needs to be overseen by the superior crew. This method wills progressively viable whereas contrasted with the past existing procedure

Modeling a UNI-Mosfet Switch for Single Phase System Application

The concept of replacing mechanical switcher using Solid State Devices (SSR) as the medium of relaying high power AC load has already been recommended five decades ago using Dual Thyristor or Triac. The rapid growth in SSR field has now resulted in using dual IGBTs, dual JFETs, dual MOSFETs or dual HEMTs semiconductor devices to control high powered AC loads. One of the drawbacks of all the systems above is that they all using two semiconductor devices to operate for both half cycle of the single phase AC waveform, with either anti-parallel or anti series-arrangement incorporated. We have modeled a novel SSR, using only one MOSFET semiconductor device with a new SSR module packaging. This novel Uni-MOSFET SSR is capable of operating on both half cycles of an AC waveform and eliminating problems associated with dual semiconductor SSR system. Moreover, in this paper we have explained the simulations proving that the Uni-MOSFET SSR is able to control resistive load and able to compensate capacitive and inductive as a SVC, which is as good as its predecessor the Dual-Thyristor SSR. The draw back would be the complexity of the control signals of the Uni-MOSFET SSR for TCR but we have managed to simplify using equations. Our novel SSR is cost efficient, low noise and works well as a load switcher, circuit breaker or compensation switch for single phase electrical network system.

Dual Storage Mechanism Induced High Capacity Cathode for Rechargeable Aluminium Ion Battery

Rechargeable energy storage devices have attained much interest in the society as it provides solution to energy crisis. The excessive use of lithium due to ever increasing demand of lithium ion battery in stationary energy storage and portable electronic devices coupled with restricted availability, urges to move towards alternative low cost energy storage device. Developing a new type of sustainable electrochemical energy storage device depends on the exploration of electrochemistry of other alkali metals. Looking for the low cost energy storage device, Al is the third most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and can be used as low cost energy storage device. Moreover, it can exchange three redox electrons per cations so that the energy density of the battery is high compared to lithium based storage system. But the lack of suitable cathode material is the major draw back of aluminium ion battery not reaching the level of commercialization. Carbon based materials like graphite and reduced graphene oxide have been probed as a cathode material where the charge storage occurs by the in intercalation of AlCl4 - anion into the graphite interlayer which limits the specific capacity in the range of 80 to 100 mAh g-1. Cathode materials, which can also intercalate trivalent aluminium ions, can enhance the specific capacity. This work aims to design a cathode material, which can react with both Al3+ and AlCl4 – ions. Sulfur, a cost effective material, embedded in distorted multiwalled carbon nanotubes (DCNT) provides a new concept of both intercalation of AlCl4 – ions in DCNT as well as conversion reaction of sulfur with trivalent aluminium ions. This design of cathode delivers a specific capacity of 500 mAh g-1 at a current density of 50 mA g-1 with a stable cycling of about 600 cycles and can lead to the development of high energy density rechargeable aluminium ion battery.

Efficacy of Andrographis paniculata supplements induce a non-specific immune system against the pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Indian major carp (Labeo rohita).

Aeromonas hydrophila, an opportunistic fish pathogen, which causes several major diseases including skin ulcer and haemorrhagic septicemia, contributes considerably to the lethality in aquaculture. Chemical and antibiotic treatment employed against A. hydrophila for disease management are expensive and consequently prompted the advent of drug resistance among the pathogens. To overcome these draw backs, alternative aquatic disease control methods using conventional plant-based medicines are focussed. Our present study aimed to augment the fish non-specific immune system with the implementation of methanolic crude extracts of Andrographis paniculata to Labeo rohita, for evaluating their efficacy against A. hydrophila. Histology of major organs of A. hydrophila-infected fish such as the gills and liver displayed severe tissue damage. A. paniculata extracts exhibited the strong antibacterial activity against A. hydrophila even at lower concentrations (50μl). The extracts also altered the haematological profile of treated infected fishes by increasing the levels of haemoglobin and total erythrocyte-leucocyte counts, along with the phagocytic index. The extracts also had a significant impact on modifying the anatomy and swimming pattern of infected fish, post treatment with the extracts. Also, A. paniculata treated infected fishes in all the plant extract administration methods, viz. injection, oral feeding and diffusion, and reduced the cumulative mortality rate to less than 30%. Even lower concentrations of A. paniculata extracts (50μl) resulted in maximum relative percentage survival of treated fishes. Therefore, our findings suggest that A. paniculata was effective against A. hydrophila infection in aquaculture, thereby maintaining a healthy status of these fishes in aquaculture.

The roles of a Grandmother in African societies - please do not send them to old people's homes.

October 1 is the International Day of Older Persons, a recognition that has been in place for over 20 years now, but I must say very few stop to commemorate this day – myself included. The day is supposed to be celebrated by raising awareness about issues affecting the elderly and to appreciate the contributions that older people make to society. What is the one thing that most of us today are going to become? – get older. Populations around the world are rapidly ageing. Ageing presents both challenges and opportunities. Societies that adapt to this changing demographic and invest in Healthy Ageing can enable individuals to live both longer and healthier lives and for societies to reap the dividends. 80% of people over 60 will live in low- and middle-income countries by 2050. In Africa, old age is a social category experienced in relation to other generations, especially to youth while as in Europe old peoples’ homes have been established and more or less accepted as the living arrangement for the elderly. This is however without draw backs. Though moving into a nursing home is an individual experience, people who move into a nursing home experience different types of changes which they feel to a greater or lesser degree as stressful. The change in social status, the impact on autonomy, the feeling of having no place to call home, the change in social contacts, and the reduction of habitual activities rank first in the presentation of the results and endanger the people’s identity which they had before. Nursing home residents have experiences which they perceive as compulsive and degrading.

Social Capital and Household Welfare Among Anioma People in Delta State, Nigeria.

Most studies on social capital and household welfare have focused largely on econometric analyses of formal networks while informal, less institutionalised but durable networks are either ignored or concepts like ‘trust’, and ‘age groups’ are reduced to equations in econometric models that leaves out the quintessential social aspects. This non-econometric study focused on informal networks and social relations, using ethnographic and cross-sectional survey data from 13 homogenous Anioma communities in Delta State, Nigeria. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the primary data while content analysis was used for the ethnographic data. Among others, the study found that access to social capital was not gender sensitive, it was not significantly related to welfare but it is positively correlated with household per capita income. Finally, while there was a large stock of social capital, household welfare remained low, due to the high level of poverty and the influence of the communal value that places an obligation on those who have more than others to help, such that they become ‘drawn back’, by their stock of social capital, which becomes an encumbrance of a kind. Accordingly, government should invest in informal social capital and incorporate it in its development policies and implementation plans, so as to help remove the ‘draw backs,’ foster healthy relations between community-level organisations and kinship-based networks and involve both types of social capital in its pro-poor programmes. Key words: social capital, household welfare, informal networks, social relations, ethnographic data.

Novel Electrolytes to Enable Energy Dense Batteries

The ever-increasing demands for safe, energy dense and low cost energy storage systems have been driving interests in beyond Li-ion batteries such as those based on Li metal, magnesium metal and all solid state battery systems[1,2]. These high energy density batteries suffer from several challenges, several of which are related to the instability or incompatibility of the electrolytes[1,3,4]. Our group has been pioneering the development of electrolytes that enabled overcoming several key challenges in magnesium batteries and created a new family of highly performing and practical electrolytes [3,4]. One challenge with electrolytes for batteries in general is the high flammability and volatility, that can be overcome with the use ionic liquid solvents. However, available ionic liquids suffer from several key draw backs associated with insufficient anodic stability and incompatibility with reactive metallic anode. Herein, we outline the classes of electrolyte materials we developed and how we overcome current challenges with ionic liquids for Mg and Li metal batteries.[5] References [1] Choi J. W. Aurbach D. Nature Reviews Materials 1, 2016, 16013 1-16. [2] Manthiram A., Yu X., Wang S. Nature Reviews Materials 2, 2017 16103. [3] Mohtadi R., Orimo S., Nature Reviews Materials, 2016, 2,16091. 1311. [4] Mohtadi R., Mizuno F. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1291– [5] Kar, M., Tutusaus O., Doug R. MacFarlane, Mohtadi R., Energy Environ. Sci., 2018, Advance Article

Two decades of zirconia as a dental biomaterial - what have we learned?

Yttrium oxide stabilized tetragonal zirconium-dioxide polycrystal (referred to as yttria-stabilized zirconia, Y-TZP or briefly zirconia) is a durable dental ceramic material that has exceptional biocompatibility. These properties make it an excellent material for use in the oral cavity. Zirconia was first introduced as a framework material (first generation) for tooth-supported single crowns and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). The survival rates of these constructions are high, and the only draw back has been the exposition to superficial porcelain chipping, so called chip-off fractures. This was leading to learning curve in veneering techniques as well as development of new more translucent zirconia materials that can be used as monolithic structures without veneering porcelain or cut-back structures where only the labial facades are veneered.

Challenges of Medical Records Interoperability in Developing Countries: A Case Study of the University Teaching Hospital in Zambia

The University Teaching Hospital (UTH) is an integral national referral Hospital made up of eight departments. Standardized systems and semantic interoperability is key for successful flow of patient information from one department to another and from section to section within a department. Lack of a SNOMED CT E.H.R System in surgery departments causes inefficient scheduling of surgical procedures, insufficient and inaccurate pertinent patient historical information, misconceptions and error arising from ambiguities in terminology usage. The result is unhealthy clinician working environment leading to high death rates among patients. Baseline Survey was conducted using questionnaire to establish the major drawbacks of the current manual system in use at the department. Record inspection was done followed by roundtable discussion with stakeholder. Convenient sampling was used, out of 40 respondents 72.5% had computers in their section, 27.5% did not have, 60% were using partial electronic records and paper based, 37.5% were using manual system, 2.5% reported that they were using electronic record system. The result reviewed more than 50% of the medical practitioner ranging from nurses to surgeon reported to be dissatisfied with the current system. In addition, record inspection was conducted by going to each section of the department to understand the business process and the form and format of data storage; this exercise reviewed redundancy in the capture, storage and management of patient records due to the fact that in every section where a patient pass, while undergoing diagnosis procedure, basic details are collected afresh for the same patient. This situation has brought about unnecessary duplication of work. The other drawback is the storage of patient records arising from lack of storage space. Record which are ten years old are destroyed to create space for new ones. This destruction of records robs researchers of the much-needed data for trends analysis and patient disease history. Because of these draw backs, it is very apparent that a standardized E.H.R is implemented.

Filter Banks from the Fibonacci Sequence

Wavelet transform is an important quadratic representation in time-frequency domain of signals. The main advantage of wavelet transform is the time frequency localization as compared with the fourier transform. Due to the reason of dilation and translation operation acting the basic time-frequency atoms. Therefore a multi-resoloution analysis strategy is devoted to the construction of wavelet basis of L2(R), which also establishes a bridge between engineer and mathematics. The construction of wavelets is equivalent to the design of filter banks with complete reconstruction. In this note we investigate filter banks from the Fibonacci sequence. The draw back is that, the convergence z-transform is less than 1, hence it can not be used as filter. By adopting the Hadamard product of the Fibonacci sequence and a geometric sequence, a type of Fibonacci-based bi-orthogonal filter banks are constructed. This kind of filter banks are based two bricks: Bezout polynomials and the mask of the cardinal B-splines. These filters are essentially rational functions, which have potential applications in system identification and signal processing.

Effect of Injection Timing on the Utilization of B20 Blends of Dairy Scum Oil Methyl Esters (Dsome) Fulled Diesel Engine

Diesel engines are the prime movers that are highly efficient compared to their counter part of petrol engines. However, higher NOx, particulate matter CO, HC are the draw backs associated with their operation. Renewable fuels like biodiesel and their blends are suitable and substitute for different applications as they are renewable in nature and provide satisfaction for fossil fuels of diesel which are exhaustible in nature and add burden to the Indian economy. In this direction the experiments were planned on the modified diesel engines to study the effects of Dairy scum oil methyl esters B20 blend (DSOME B20). By Advancing the time of injection from 19° to 27° BTDC, keeping injection opening pressure IOP constant results are obtained and analysed. It is noticed that higher BTE, lower emissions of smoke, HC, CO emissions while NOx increased.

A multiscale Galerkin method for second-order boundary value problems of Fredholm integro-differential equation II: Efficient algorithm for the discrete linear system

A multiscale Galerkin method (MGM) was proposed recently by the same authors in order to solve second-order boundary value problems of Fredholm integro-differential equation. Although, the numerical solution of MGM is always stable because of the multiscale bases properties, obligatory of considerable computational cost and huge memory for achieving great approximation accuracy, are the main draw backs. To overcome MGM problems, in this paper, a new multilevel augmentation method (MAM) in order to solve discrete linear system is proposed. Applying the special matrix splitting techniques, approximate solution is obtained by (1) solving a linear system only at an initial lower level; (2) compensating the error by directly computing the product of matrices and vectors at the higher level without any iterations. Theoretical and experimental results approve that MAM and MGM have similar and optimum convergence orders, though MAM is more efficient than MGM.

Low levels of Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity in two Nigerian communities bordering the Niger River

Introduction: Extensive genetic diversity of malaria parasites is a major draw back to ongoing control efforts. Population-specific investigation of genetic structure of the parasite is important for effective malaria intervention in endemic populations such as Nigeria where about one-third of the global burden of the disease is borne. This study describes the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum isolates in the Niger River basins, North-Central Nigeria. Methodology: Parasite DNA w as extracted fr om finger -prick blood samples collected from eighty P. falciparum positive individuals. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) genotyping was carried out to target K1, MAD20 and R033 allelic families of Merozoite Surface Protein (MSP) -1 gene and FC27 and 3D7 allelic families of MSP-2 gene. Results: Proportion of isolates with K1 family w as 28(70%) with two alleles in Idah and 16(40%) with two alleles in Ibaji. Proportion of isolates with MAD20 family was 8 (20%) and a total of two alleles were observed in Idah and 4(10%) with two alleles in Ibaji. RO33 proportion was 16 (40%) in Idah one allele and 8(20%) in Ibaji where the allelic family was also observed to be monomorphic. K1 was the most predominant MSP1 allele in the two parasite populations and the frequency of FC27 genotype was higher than 3D7 in both populations. Multiplicity of infection (Mol) with MSP-1 loci was higher in Ibaji (1.30) than Idah (1.05) while MoI with MSP-2 loci was lower in Ibaji (2.00) than Idah (2.13). However, there is no significant difference in the mean Mol between Idah and Ibaji (P > 0.05). The expected heterozygosity (HE) value was 0.56 for MSP-1 and 0.84 for MSP-2. Conclusion: Our findings revealed high levels of monoclonal infections with P. falciparum, suggesting low parasite diversity. This may be a pointer to a reduction in malaria transmission in the river basins.