Draft Declaration Research Articles

Indigenous Peoples: An Emerging Object of International Law

The Working Group on Indigenous Populations, an organ of the United Nations Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities, ended its fourth annual session last August by distributing seven “draft principles” to governments and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) for comment as the first step in preparing “a draft declaration on indigenous rights, which may be proclaimed by the General Assembly.” For the first time since indigenous organizations took their concerns to the international level in 1977, a formal commitment has been made to the development of new law, probably in time for the “cinquecentennial” in 1992 of the “discovery” of the Americas and a proposed international indigenous year.

United Nations: General Assembly Resolution on New International Human Order - Moral Aspects of Development and the Ecosoc Draft Declaration

United Nations: General Assembly Resolution on New International Human Order - Moral Aspects of Development and the Ecosoc Draft Declaration

World Campaign for the Biosphere

The Devil's Advocate, who is a cynic, points to many international programmes which are related to The Biosphere, whether past or ongoing. He asks what a World Campaign for The Biosphere could do beyond attempting to coordinate the coordinators.The Archangel answers by drawing attention to the success of such programmes in stimulating activity on many important subjects and fronts. But the critical situation of the world now demands more. He therefore hopes that all who have at heart the future health, wealth, and happiness, of mankind, which can only flourish in a healthy Biosphere—whether they be pessimists or optimists—will support the Campaign with all the means at their disposal.For the purposes of the Campaign, The Biosphere can be defined in summary as ‘the peripheral envelope of the Earth in which living things exist naturally’. Thus it includes parts of the geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere—and, most important, it includes mankind as the pandominant member of the animal kingdom.As to a starting-date for the Campaign, there is a case for deferment owing to the time necessary for preparing and approving a programme and then establishing a network organization for putting it into operation. However, considering the urgency of the problems at issue and the timing of related programmes, there is a stronger case for starting now, in 1982, and for including the preparatory phase within the Campaign, which would then commence with the second decade of UNEP.Four aims are included in the Draft Declaration about the Campaign: (1) education and allied activities, (2) scientific understanding, (3) practical activities, and (4) accommodation of humanity to The Biosphere. The aims (1), (2), and (3), should go forward hand-in-hand in order to achieve (4). The main emphasis could be on (1); but as (2) is already the subject of several international programmes, (3), which provides good material for (1), should also receive emphasis. Meanwhile, much careful discussion will be needed in order to prepare a plan that will be acceptable to participating organizations.

Editorial: The Proposed United Nations Declaration on Religious Liberty

]VIore than three decades ago, on 10 December 1948, the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Of the fifty-eight nations then members of the United Nations, forty eight voted their approval, none voted against, eight abstained (including the Soviet Union), and two were absent. For the first time, nation-states throughout the world, without a single dissent ing vote, committed themselves by means of a constitutional docu ment of the world community to human rights provisions as binding upon nations with the force of positive international law. When the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly, it was agreed that every human right in the Declaration would he the basis for a separate declaration and, eventually, a separate convention or treaty. In 1959, the United Nations Sub-Commission on Prevention of Dis crimination and Protection of Minorities, under the direction of Arcot Krishnaswami, Special Rapporteur of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, drafted a document for a proposed code on religious (the complete text was published in JCS 2 [May 1960]:61-64). However, no specific declaration or conven tion on religious liberty was adopted in the intervening years. Now, after twenty years of negotiations, the U.N. Commission on Human Rights in March 1981 completed a Draft Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimina tion Based on Religion or Belief. Subsequently approved by the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the Declaration is to be submitted to the General Assembly in the fall of 1981 for possible adoption. Since the document is a declaration and not a treaty or convention, it will not need to be signed by member states, but will become effective when adopted by a majority vote of the General Assembly.

Draft declaration of Tokyo

Draft declaration of Tokyo

DRAFT DECLARATION OF TOKYO

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 2, Issue s2 p. 18-18 Article DRAFT DECLARATION OF TOKYO First published: 01 August 1975 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1975.tb140390.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume2, Issues2August 1975Pages 18-18 RelatedInformation

INCLUSÃO SOCIAL NO CONTEXTO POLÍTICO DA BIOÉTICA


 
 
 O presente artigo reforça a necessidade de politização da bioética como forma de construção da justiça social. Analisa a inclusão social a partir dos conceitos de empoderamento, libertação e emancipação, como possíveis ferramentas epistemológicas da Bioética de Intervenção. Além das características relacionadas ao rigor acadêmico, o texto defende a necessidade da ação política concreta para a transformação social. Apresenta o teor da Declaração Universal de Bioética e Direitos Humanos construída pela UNESCO com a participação efetiva dos países em desenvolvimento, discutindo o avanço representado pela incorporação dos temas sociais e ambientais à agenda da bioética do século XXI.
 
 

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

The Council of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) met in joint session with the military committee on March 17, 1958, to exchange views on NATO defense needs. In a later meeting the Council, after studying the possible convening of a summit conference, approved a draft declaration, which was presented to the Soviet government on March 31, setting forth the western position on the preparation of such a conference. The message stated that preparatory work, such as exchanges through diplomatic channels leading to a meeting between foreign ministers, was necessary to examine the position of the various governments on the major questions at issue and to establish what subjects should be submitted for examination by heads of government. The foreign ministers would reach agreement on the date and place of the summit meeting and decide on its composition. The note stated that if this procedure were acceptable to the Soviet government it was suggested that diplomatic exchanges should start in Moscow in the second half of April.

REVIEWS

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Book Review: Human Rights: Comments and Interpretations, Preparatory Study concerning a Draft Declaration on the Rights and Duties of States

Book Review: Human Rights: Comments and Interpretations, Preparatory Study concerning a Draft Declaration on the Rights and Duties of States

The Draft Declaration on Rights and Duties of States

The International Law Commission, established by resolution 174 (II) of the General Assembly (November 21, 1947), has prepared a draft Declaration on Rights and Duties of States, in conformity with resolution 178 (II) of the General Assembly (November 21, 1947). The first question which arises concerns the legal nature of this Declaration. The draft Declaration was drawn up by the Commission as the text of a resolution to be adopted by the General Assembly.

Preparatory Study Concerning a Draft Declaration on the Rights and Duties of States

Preparatory Study Concerning a Draft Declaration on the Rights and Duties of States Preparatory Study Concerning a Draft Declaration on the Rights and Duties of States. Memorandum submitted by the Secretary General, United Nations. London, H.M.S.O. for United Nations, 1948. vi + 228 pp. 9″ × 6″ 7s. 6d. Alan de Rusett Alan de Rusett Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 25, Issue 4, October 1949, Pages 509–510, https://doi.org/10.2307/3018463 Published: 01 October 1949

Draft Declaration on the Rights and Duties of States Presented by Panama: Report of the Committee on the Progressive Development of International Law and its Codification; Report of the Sixth Committee

Draft Declaration on the Rights and Duties of States Presented by Panama: Report of the Committee on the Progressive Development of International Law and its Codification; Report of the Sixth Committee

United Nations: Report of the Committee on the Progressive Development of International Law and its Codification on the Draft Declaration on the Rights and Duties of States, Presented By Panama

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Draft Declaration of the International Rights and Duties of Man and Accompanying Report

Draft Declaration of the International Rights and Duties of Man and Accompanying Report