Dover Publications Research Articles

Literary theory between contingency and contiguity: Yakov Druskin’s “Law of Heterogeneity”

The notion of chance epitomizes the limits and challenges of any theory’s struggle for control over itself as well as over its objects. Although contemporary literary theory has adapted its terminology and conceptual framework in line with the emergence of dynamic, “open forms” (Wölfflin in Principles of art history: The problem of the development of style in later art, Dover Publications Inc, New York, 1986), chance has nevertheless remained a highly problematic category to come to terms with. How can literary theory embrace chance? The paper approaches this question in three steps. First, it reconstructs three basic poetological propositions against whose backdrop contingency gains profile: the proposition of causal connections as a means to transform literature into a realm of necessity, the proposition of form as means to reduce arbitrariness, and the proposition of control as a means to protect the aesthetic object against the risks of external intrusions. The second part of the paper discusses a largely forgotten but highly relevant approach to the problem of contingency by Yakov Druskin. Druskin links the function of contingency in theoretical investigation with concepts of contiguity and proximity, first of all touch. His fragmentary sketch of a “law of heterogeneity” represents a paradoxical attempt to theorize contingent obstruction as a privileged systematic device to establish physical contact. The third part of this paper unpacks the implicit urge to rethink the traditions of theory formation itself through the “law of heterogeneity.” It argues that Druskin’s law introduces a different type of theory, one which is deeply indebted to the tactile, thus challenging the ocularcentrism of theoría.

Theoretical derivation of particle collision kernels and its enhancement at a high concentration from a first-time-passage approach in the diffusive regime

A theoretical explanation for obtaining collision kernels from the first-time passage approach proposed by [Gopalakrishnan, R., & Hogan Jr, C. J. (2011). Aerosol Science and Technology, 45(12), 1499-1509] is developed in this work. This new approach leads to an interesting correction for particle coagulation at high concentrations and enlights the limitations of classical derivations by [Fuchs, N. A. (1964). Dover Publications] and [Friedlander, S. K. (2000). (Vol. 198). New York: Oxford university press] where the transient part of the diffusive collision kernel is typically neglected.

Cortical mechanisms of visual brightness.

SUMMARYThe primary visual cortex signals the onset of light and dark stimuli with ON and OFF cortical pathways. Here, we demonstrate that both pathways generate similar response increments to large homogeneous surfaces and their response average increases with surface brightness. We show that, in cat visual cortex, response dominance from ON or OFF pathways is bimodally distributed when stimuli are smaller than one receptive field center but unimodally distributed when they are larger. Moreover, whereas small bright stimuli drive opposite responses from ON and OFF pathways (increased versus suppressed activity), large bright surfaces drive similar response increments. We show that this size-brightness relation emerges because strong illumination increases the size of light surfaces in nature and both ON and OFF cortical neurons receive input from ON thalamic pathways. We conclude that visual scenes are perceived as brighter when the average response increments from ON and OFF cortical pathways become stronger.

Reflective practice and the element of surprise in technology enhanced learning

This is a concept paper which draws attention to the element of ‘surprise’ when it comes to educators’ self-reflections and which I apply to my own experience of implementing new forms of pedagogy in relation to technology and enhanced learning. The idea that the experience of “surprise” or “encounter with strangeness” leads us to a conversation with the ‘other’, that in turn forces a change of habits, is an essential part of self-reflective practice according to Pollard (2008:402). In citing Charles Sanders Peirce (1955) and his notion that “experience is not personally owned but rather a conversation between the self and that which is not-yet known”, Pollard suggests that this can result in “different techniques of teaching, which are then open to further interpretation” (2008:403).
 My own experience involving an element of surprise occurred in 2021 when I tasked a class of my second-year undergraduate students with the assignment of creating a digital artefact of their choice. My objective was to help students develop their digital skills and to become more aware of the multiple modes of communication available to them. The artefacts could be a short 5 minute YouTube video, a podcast, a pecha kucha presentation, or an online game, and the students were asked to communicate a message on a topic that was important to them. Examples I suggested were climate change, sustainability, the #metoo or #BlackLivesMatters movements, or the Covid-19 pandemic.
 However, two unexpected outcomes occurred where I encountered ‘surprise’ (Pollard, 2008) which led me to a conversation with the ‘other’ – sometimes referred to as a “strange intruder” (Peirce, 1960: 38). First, rather than highlighting world problems or social issues on a large scale, many of the students chose to relate their own, very personally-revealing stories dealing with topics such as depression, anxiety, suicide, health issues and toxic relationships. Second, in providing feedback on their experience of this assignment, several students further surprised me by stating that while they were unsure about creating a digital artefact – something they had not done previously. Telling their own stories in a creative way, particularly when they learned they did not need to present it to the rest of the class, they found to be cathartic and personally beneficial. 
 As a result of being surprised, and in conversation with this “strange intruder” that challenged my teaching, I realised that the response to this assignment was illustrative to me and to other educators that technology-enhanced learning goes far beyond the technology in what it can achieve, and in meeting the needs of students. Noting this experience assists me in understanding how students themselves can be instrumental and collaborative in the on-going development of a paper. It also reinforces that self-reflection should always be an essential practice for educators in developing their teaching practice, no matter their level of experience.
 References
 
 Peirce, C.S. (1955). Philosophical writings of C.S. Peirce. New York:, Dover Publications.
 Pollard, V. (2008). Ethics and reflective practice: continuing the conversation, Reflective Practice, 9:4, 399-407, DOI: 10.1080/14623940802431788

A note on cut-elimination for classical propositional logic

In Schwichtenberg (Studies in logic and the foundations of mathematics, vol 90, Elsevier, pp 867–895, 1977), Schwichtenberg fine-tuned Tait’s technique (Tait in The syntax and semantics of infinitary languages, Springer, pp 204–236, 1968) so as to provide a simplified version of Gentzen’s original cut-elimination procedure for first-order classical logic (Gallier in Logic for computer science: foundations of automatic theorem proving, Courier Dover Publications, London, 2015). In this note we show that, limited to the case of classical propositional logic, the Tait–Schwichtenberg algorithm allows for a further simplification. The procedure offered here is implemented on Kleene’s sequent system G4 (Kleene in Mathematical logic, Wiley, New York, 1967; Smullyan in First-order logic, Courier corporation, London, 1995). The specific formulation of the logical rules for G4 allows us to provide bounds on the height of cut-free proofs just in terms of the logical complexity of their end-sequent.

Estimation of e-NRTL binary interaction parameters and its impact on the prediction of thermodynamic properties of multicomponent electrolyte systems

The main objective of the current work is to obtain and validate the binary interaction parameters of the e-NRTL model for different salts in water, using the data of mean ionic activity coefficients vs. molality compiled by Robinson and Stokes (Electrolyte Solutions, Dover Publications, 2012). This way, the interaction parameters τsalt,water and τwater,salt of the e-NRTL thermodynamic model for 171 binary (salt + water) electrolyte systems have been calculated by non-linear regression of the data available in the literature. The fitting was performed by the Marquardt-Levenberg algorithm which was computationally implemented in an Excel VBA homemade program. The e-NRTL equation was solved by using two different procedures: (i) included in the Excel VBA code or, (ii) implemented in Aspen Plus by linking the process simulator and the Excel VBA code via automation as the third-party software. The interaction parameters obtained by both approaches were able to adequately fit the experimental results. They were successfully validated by the thermodynamic prediction of multicomponent systems reported by other authors. Additionally, the current predictions were compared with those obtained with the parameters contained in the Aspen Properties database showing a significant improvement for several systems. Finally, this work demonstrates that it is possible enhancing the quality of the prediction of multicomponent systems with proper values of the binary electrolyte interaction parameters, without considering electrolyte-electrolyte interactions foreseen in the original e-NRTL model, which makes possible the simulation of processes containing a variety of chemical species regardless their nature.

All waves have a zero tunneling time

Abstract Zero tunneling time and thereby a faster than light traversal velocity was calculated nearly a hundred years ago and has been observed recently. We report about experimental results and estimations, which confirm the zero time tunneling for elastic as well as for electromagnetic and Schrödinger waves. Zero time tunneling was first observed with microwaves 1992 (H. Aichmann and G. Nimtz, Found. Phys., vol. 44, p. 678, 2014; A. Enders and G. Nimtz, J. Phys. I, vol. 2, p. 169, 1992). In 2008, zero time was also observed for tunneling electrons (P. Eckle, A. N. Pfeiffer, C. Cirelli, et al., Science, vol. 322, p. 1525, 2008). Presumably, this effect took place with atoms quite recently (R. Ramos, D. Spierings, I. Racicot, and A. M. Steinberg, Nature, vol. 583, p. 529, 2020). The Einstein relation E 2 = (ħk)2 c 2 is not satisfied in the tunneling process, since the wave number k is imaginary (E is the total energy, ħ the Planck constant, and c the vacuum velocity of light), Zero time tunneling is described by virtual photons (A. Stahlhofen and G. Nimtz, Europhys. Lett., vol. 76, p. 189, 2006). The tunneling process itself violates the Special Theory of Relativity. Remarkably, Brillouin conjectured that wave mechanics is valid for all waves independent of their field (L. Brillouin, Wave Propagation in Periodic Structures, Chap. VIII, New York, Dover Publications, 1953).

Symmetries in Culture and Symmetries of Culture: the Experience of Applying Mathematics to Anthropology of Art: Review of: Washburn D.K., Crowe D.W. Symmetries of Culture: Theory and Practice of Plane Pattern Analysis. New York: Dover Publications, 2020. 301 p

Symmetries in Culture and Symmetries of Culture: the Experience of Applying Mathematics to Anthropology of Art: Review of: Washburn D.K., Crowe D.W. Symmetries of Culture: Theory and Practice of Plane Pattern Analysis. New York: Dover Publications, 2020. 301 p

Anomalous Forms in Computer Music

Anomalous Forms in Computer Music

Gendered Violence as Revelation in John le Carré’s <em>The Night Manager</em>

Gendered Violence as Revelation in John le Carré’s <em>The Night Manager</em>

A General Model of Fractional Frequency Reuse: Modelling and Performance Analysis

Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) is a promising to improve the spectrum e ciency in the LongTerm Evolution (LTE) cellular network. In the literature, various research works have been conducted to evaluate the performance of FFR. However, the presented analytical approach only dealt with the special cases in which the users are divided into 2 groups and only two power levels are utilised. In this paper, we consider a general case of FFR in which the users are classified intogroups and each group is assigned a serving power level. The mathematical model of the general FFR is presented and analysed through a stochastic geometry approach. The derived analytical results in terms of average coverage probability can covered all the related well-known results in the literature.
 Keywords: 
 Fractional Frequency Reuse, LongTerm Evolution, coverage probability, stochastic geometry
 References
 [1] Cisco, Cisco visual networking index: Global mobile data traffic forecast update, 2015 - 2020, 2016.
 [2] A.S. Hamza, S.S. Khalifa, H.S. Hamza, K. Elsayed, A Survey on Inter-Cell Interference Coordination Techniques in OFDMA-Based Cellular Networks, IEEE Commun, Surveys & Tutorials 15(4) (2013) 1642-1670
 [3] 3GPP TR 36.819 V11.1.0, Coordinated multi-point operation for LTE physical layer aspects, 2011.
 [4] 3GPP Release 10 V0.2.1, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Release 10 and beyond), 2014.
 [5] 3GPP TS 36.211 V14.1.0, E-UTRA Physical Channels and Modulation, 2016.
 [6] R. Ghaffar, R. Knopp, Fractional frequency reuse and interference suppression for ofdma networks, in: 8th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc and Wireless Networks, 2010, pp. 273-277.
 [7] Y. Kwon, O. Lee, J. Lee, M. Chung, Power Control for Soft Fractional Frequency Reuse in OFDMA System, Vol. 6018 of Lecture Notes in Comput.Science, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010, book section 7 (2010) 63-71.
 [8] Enhancing LTE Cell-Edge Performance via PDCCH ICIC, in: FUJITSU NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS INC., 2011
 [9] A.S. Hamza, S.S. Khalifa, H.S. Hamza, K. Elsayed, A Survey on Inter-Cell Interference Coordination Techniques in OFDMA-Based Cellular Networks, IEEE Commun, Surveys & Tutorials 15(4) (2013) 1642-1670. https://doi.org/10.1109/SURV.2013.013013.00028.
 [10] A. Busson1, I. Lahsen-Cherif2, Impact of resource blocks allocation strategies on downlink interference and sir distributions in lte networks: A stochastic geometry approach, Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing.
 [11] H. ElSawy, E. Hossain, M. Haenggi, Stochastic Geometry for Modeling, Analysis and Design of Multi-Tier and Cognitive Cellular Wireless Networks: A Survey, IEEE Commun, Surveys Tutorials 15(3) (2013) 996-1019. https://doi.org/10.1109/SURV.2013.052213.00000.
 [12] W. Bao, B. Liang, Stochastic Analysis of Uplink Interference in Two-Tier Femtocell Networks: Open Versus Closed Access, IEEE Trans, Wireless Commun. 14(11) (2015) 6200-6215. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2015.2450216 .
 [13] H. Tabassum, Z. Dawy, E. Hossain, M.S. Alouini, Interference Statistics and Capacity Analysis for Uplink Transmission in Two-Tier Small Cell Networks: A Geometric Probability Approach, IEEE Trans, Wireless Commun 13(7) (2014) 3837-3852.
 [14] J.G. Andrews, F. Baccelli, R.K. Ganti, A tractable approach to coverage and rate in cellular networks, IEEE Transactions on Communications 59(11) (2011) 3122-3134.
 [15] Y. Lin, W. Bao, W. Yu, B. Liang, Optimizing User Association and Spectrum Allocation in HetNets: A Utility Perspective, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 33(6) (2015) 1025-1039. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2015.2417011.
 [16] M. Haenggi, Stochastic Geometry for Wireless Networks, Cambridge Univ, Press, November 2012.
 [17] H. ElSawy, E. Hossain, M. Haenggi, Stochastic Geometry for Modeling, Analysis and Design of Multi-Tier and Cognitive Cellular Wireless Networks: A Survey, IEEE Commun, Surveys Tutorials 15(3) (2013) 996-1019.
 [18] Huawei, R1-050507: Soft Frequency Reuse Scheme for UTRAN LTE, in: 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #41, 2005.
 [19] M.A. Stegun, I.A., Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs and Mathematical Tables, 9th Edition, Dover Publications, 1972.

Chasing Dreams, Finding Nightmares: Exploring the Creative Limits of the Music Career

Chasing Dreams, Finding Nightmares: Exploring the Creative Limits of the Music Career

A note on Murakami’s theorems and incomplete social choice without the Pareto principle

In Arrovian social choice theory assuming the independence of irrelevant alternatives, Murakami (Logic and social choice, Dover Publications, New York, 1968) proved two theorems about complete and transitive collective choice rules satisfying strict non-imposition (citizens’ sovereignty), one being a dichotomy theorem about Paretian or anti-Paretian rules and the other a dictator-or-inverse-dictator impossibility theorem without the Pareto principle. It has been claimed in the later literature that a theorem of Malawski and Zhou (Soc Choice Welf 11(2):103–107, 1994) is a generalization of Murakami’s dichotomy theorem and that Wilson’s impossibility theorem (J Econ Theory 5(3):478–486, 1972) is stronger than Murakami’s impossibility theorem, both by virtue of replacing Murakami’s assumption of strict non-imposition with the assumptions of non-imposition and non-nullness. In this note, we first point out that these claims are incorrect: non-imposition and non-nullness are together equivalent to strict non-imposition for all transitive collective choice rules. We then generalize Murakami’s dichotomy and impossibility theorems to the setting of incomplete social preference. We prove that if one drops completeness from Murakami’s assumptions, his remaining assumptions imply (i) that a collective choice rule is either Paretian, anti-Paretian, or dis-Paretian (unanimous individual preference implies noncomparability) and (ii) that adding proposed constraints on noncomparability, such as the regularity axiom of Eliaz and Ok (Games Econ Behav 56:61–86, 2006), restores Murakami’s dictator-or-inverse-dictator result.

On Correspondence of Standard Modalities and Negative Ones on the Basis of Regular and Quasi-regular Logics

In the context of modal logics one standardly considers two modal operators: possibility ( $$\Diamond $$ ) and necessity ( $$\Box $$ ) [see for example Chellas (Modal logic. An introduction, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1980)]. If the classical negation is present these operators can be treated as inter-definable. However, negative modalities ( $$\Diamond \lnot $$ ) and ( $$\Box \lnot $$ ) are also considered in the literature [see for example Beziau (Log Log Philos 15:99–111, 2006. https://doi.org/10.12775/LLP.2006.006 ); Dosen (Publ L’Inst Math, Nouv Ser 35(49):3–14, 1984); Godel, in: Feferman (ed.), Collected works, vol 1, Publications 1929–1936, Oxford University Press, New York, 1986, p. 300; Lewis and Langford (Symbolic logic, Dover Publications Inc., New York, 1959, p. 497)]. Both of them can be treated as negations. In Beziau (Log Log Philos 15:99–111, 2006. https://doi.org/10.12775/LLP.2006.006 ) a logic $$\mathbf{Z}$$ has been defined on the basis of the modal logic $$\mathbf{S5}$$ . $$\mathbf{Z}$$ is proposed as a solution of so-called Jaśkowski’s problem [see also Jaśkowski (Stud Soc Sci Torun 5:57–77, 1948)]. The only negation considered in the language of $$\mathbf{Z}$$ is ‘it is not necessary’. It appears that logic $$\mathbf{Z}$$ and $$\mathbf{S5}$$ inter-definable. This initial correspondence result between $$\mathbf{S5}$$ and $$\mathbf{Z}$$ has been generalised for the case of normal logics, in particular soundness-completeness results were obtained [see Marcos (Log Anal 48(189–192):279–300, 2005); Mruczek-Nasieniewska and Nasieniewski (Bull Sect Log 34(4):229–248, 2005)]. In Mruczek-Nasieniewska and Nasieniewski (Log Univ 12:207–219, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11787-018-0184-9 ) it has been proved that there is a correspondence between $$\mathbf{Z}$$ -like logics and regular extensions of the smallest deontic logic. To obtain this result both negative modalities were used. This result has been strengthened in Mruczek-Nasieniewska and Nasieniewski (Bull Sect Log 46(3–4):261–280, 2017) since on the basis of classical positive logic it is enough to solely use $$\Box \lnot $$ to equivalently express both positive modalities and negation. Here we strengthen results given in Mruczek-Nasieniewska and Nasieniewski (Log Univ 12:207–219, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11787-018-0184-9 ) by showing correspondence for the smallest regular logic. In particular we give a syntactic formulation of a logic that corresponds to the smallest regular logic. As a result we characterise all logics that arise from regular logics. From this follows via respective translations a characterisation of a class of logics corresponding to some quasi-regular logics where $$\mathbf{S2}^{\mathbf{0}}$$ is the smallest element. Moreover, if a given quasi-regular logic is characterised by some class of models, the same class can be used to semantically characterise the logic obtained by our translation.

New Periodicals

New Periodicals Lindsay Hansen Brown This semiannual column selectively lists new periodicals; describes their objectives, formats, and contents; and provides information special issues; title and format changes, mergers, and cessations. The following resources were frequently consulted when assembling this column: Music Periodicals Database (MPD; http://www.proquest.com/products-services/iimp_ft.html), Music Index (MI; https://www.ebscohost.com/academic/music-index), RILM Abstracts of Music Literature, (RILM; http://www.rilm.org), OCLC Worldcat and Ulrich's Periodical Directory (www.ulrichsweb.com/ulrichsweb/), and the Directory of Open Access Journals (http://www.doaj.org). All Web sites were accessed on 19 March 2020 unless otherwise indicated. NEW TITLES International Journal of the Study of Music and Musical Performance. Edited by Luisa Nardini, Rob Haskins, and Tom Moore. Published online. Vol. 1, No. 1 (2019). No ISSN. http://openmusiclibrary.org. According to its journal homepage, "The International Journal of the Study of Music and Music Performance advances both a general and professional interest in music and its performance with essays that cover a range of approaches: from discussions of little-known composers and musicians drawing upon primary and secondary sources to more specialized studies of composers, works, instruments, performers, audiences, and institutions. A review section will cover new books, scores, and recordings. Whenever possible, international contributions will be presented in the original language as well as in English." ELECTRONICA Reviews, new titles, and publisher and title changes announced elsewhere in this column include additional comments about electronic access. Répertoire International de Littérature Musicale [RILM] has expanded the geographic representation of music scholarship in RILM Abstracts, particularly of literature published in India; seen a significant increase in the full-text content in Abstracts of Music Literature with Full Text; added five new titles to RILM Music Encyclopedias and preparations for launching the database on RILM's own platform, Egret; completed the Index to Printed Music's data migration into RILM's systems and relaunch on EBSCOhost; further developed the RILM thesaurus project; and added new content and enhanced functionality, including a new timeline feature, for MGG Online. [End Page 152] RILM Music Encyclopedias provide comprehensive encyclopedic coverage of fields and subject areas in musicology, ethnomusicology, and music theory, among them pop and rock, opera, instruments, blues, gospel, recorded sound, and women composers. Its content spans multiple countries and languages—currently English, German, French, Italian, Dutch, Czech, Greek, Portuguese, Slovak, and Spanish. Searches can be performed within a specific encyclopedia or across the entire collection. In January 2019 five new titles were added, all focused on instruments. This brought the total to 54 titles (published originally in print from 1775 to the present). The additions were: Domingo Prat. Diccionario biográfico – bibliográfico – histórico – crítico de guitarras (instrumentos afines), guitarristas (profesores – compositores – concertistas – lahudistas – amateurs), guitarreros (luthiers) – Danzas y cantos – terminología. Buenos Aires: Romero y Fernández, 1934. 469 p. Sibyl Marcuse. Musical instruments: A comprehensive dictionary. New York: Doubleday, 1964. xiv, 608 p. Curt Sachs. Real-Lexikon der Musik -instrumente, zugleich ein Polyglossar für das gesamte Instrumentengebiet. New York: Dover Publications, 1964. xxiii, 452 p. Hortense Panum. The stringed instruments of the Middle Ages: Their evolution and development—A detailed and comprehensive history, with illustrations, of the evolution of the mediaeval stringed musical instruments from their first appearance in the records of the earliest civilisations, through their gradual development in the Greek, Roman and Christian eras down to more recent times. Translated and edited by Jeffrey Pulver. London: William Reeves, [1939 or 1940]. ix, 511 p. Sibyl Marcuse. A survey of musical instruments. New York: Harper & Row, 1975. xiii, 842 p. In February 2020, three rock music titles joined the growing collection of reference resources included in RILM Music Encyclo -pedias, bringing the total to 57 titles published originally in print from 1775 to the present, and 308,125 entries. The additions were: Ian McFarlane. The encyclopedia of Australian rock and pop (2nd corrected ed.; Gisborne, VIC: Third Stone Press, 2017) 544 p. Bernward Halbscheffel. Lexikon Progressive Rock: Musiker, Bands, Instrumente, Begriffe (Rev. ed.; Leipzig: Halbscheffel Verlag, 2013) iii, 560 p. Bernward Halbscheffel. Sachlexikon Rock-musik: Instrumente, Technik, Industrie (Leip-zig: Halbscheffel Verlag, 2013) 2 vols...

Satisfiability is False Intuitionistically: A Question from Dana Scott

Satisfiability or Sat $$^{1}$$ is the metatheoretic statement Every formally intuitionistically consistent set of first-order sentences has a model. The models in question are the Tarskian relational structures familiar from standard first-order model theory (Chang and Keisler in Model theory, 3rd edn, Dover Publications Inc., Mineola, 2012), but here treated within intuitionistic metamathematics. We prove that both IZF, intuitionistic Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, and HAS, second-order Heyting arithmetic, prove Sat $$^{1}$$ to be false outright. Following the lead of Carter (Notre Dame J Form Log 49(1):75–95, 2008), we then generalize this result to some provably intermediate first-order logics, including the Rose logic (Trans Am Math Soc 61:1–19, 1953). These metatheorems distinguish the intuitionistic foundational significance of Sat $$^{1}$$ sharply from that of Sat $$^{0}$$ , the satisfiability claim for intuitionistic propositional logic. At the same time, they establish intuitionistic connections with and between Test, COMP $$^{0}$$ , and $$\mathbf{COMP }^{1}$$ . Here, Test is the scheme of Testability, and COMP $$^{0}$$ and $$\mathbf{COMP }^{1}$$ are completeness for intuitionistic propositional logic and predicate logic, respectively.

Madrigali a cinque voci by Carlo Gesualdo Principe di Venosa

Reviewed by: Madrigali a cinque vociby Carlo Gesualdo Principe di Venosa Massimo Ossi Carlo Gesualdo Principe di Venosa. Madrigali a cinque voci. Quinto libro (Gesualdo, 1611). A cura di = Edited by Maria Caraci Vela. (New Gesualdo Edition, V.) Kassel: Bärenreiter, 2017. ["General Criteria for Secular Polyphony Edition," in Ita., Eng., p. vii–xiv; general introd. and bibliographic description in Ita., Eng., p. xv–lxx; poetic texts in Ita., Eng., p. lxxi–xcvii; general bibliog., p. xcviii–civ; facsimiles, p. cv–cx; score, p. 1–95; crit. apparatus in Ita., Eng., p. 97–123. ISMN 979-0-006-55721-9; pub. no. BA 10385-01. €249 (reduced price is available for subscribers).] Carlo Gesualdo stands out among Renaissance composers for the originality of his madrigals, with their "experimental" use of chromaticism, harmony, and dissonance, as well as their fragmentation of the text into discrete and sharply contrasting emotions. Socially, too, he was unusual: not many members of the nobility practiced music as intensely as he did—Count Alfonso Fontanelli, whom he knew at Ferrara, was one, and Duke Guglielmo Gonzaga in Mantua, among a handful of others, but none was as accomplished or as publicly recognized as he. And his personal life, marked by tragedy and psychological as well as physical pain, has contributed to his notoriety and has fueled probing discussions of its connection to the extreme expressivity of his music, both secular and sacred. Glenn Watkins, in particular, has delved into Gesualdo's private life, bringing to light the many contradictory influences of his upbringing, his marriages, affairs, and personal connection to music as a form of escape and emotional release (see his recent The Gesualdo Hex: Music, Myth, and Memory[New York: W. W. Norton, 2010], and his earlier Gesualdo: The Man and his Music[Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1973]). Finally, there is the fortuitous resonance that results from the startling similarities between his nearly atonal style and that of twentieth-century composers—most famously Igor Stravinsky, but others as well. Gesualdo's reputation for modernity was already established during his lifetime even if his virtuosic handling of contrapuntal technique and technically correct treatment of dissonance appeared to some to align him with older practices. (On historical views of Gesualdo's style, see Catherine Deutsch, " Anticoor Moderno?Reception of Gesualdo's Madrigals in the Early Seventeenth Century," Journal of Musicology30, no. 1 [Winter 2013]: 28–48.) As late as the eighteenth century, critics remained divided regarding his contribution to modernity: Padre Martini credited him with a "sublime, expressive, and artful style" (cited by Deutsch, p. 48), while Charles Burney, despite acknowledging Gesualdo's "unlimited praise" from sixteenth and seventeenth-century commentators, found his style "so far from being the [End Page 162] sweetest conceivable, that, to me, it seems forced, affected, and disgusting ( A General History of Music from the Earliest Ages to the Present Period (1789), 2 vols. edited by Frank Mercer [New York: Dover Publications, 1957], 2:180). Gesualdo's modern prominence derives largely from Stravinsky's "discovery" in the early 1950s of his motets and madrigals (thanks to Robert Craft, whose ensemble Gesualdo Madrigalists rehearsed at Stravinsky's house). His fascination with Gesualdo's contrapuntal technique and highly chromatic style resulted in Stravinsky's completion of some of his motets and eventually the "recomposition" of three madrigals as Monumentum pro Gesualdo: two from the fifth book, "Asciugate i begli occhi" and "Ma tu, cagion di quella" (the seconda parteof Poiché l'avida sete), and "Beltà poi che t'assenti" from the sixth. Stravinsky's interest coincided with a spate of editorial activity and helped to spark a veritable "Gesualdo renaissance" that initiated a wave of performances and scholarly interest lasting into the present. The fifth book (1611) has been central to Gesualdo's "daring cabinet of works" (Watkins, Gesualdo Hex, p. 36) and to the definition of his apparently late, not to mention his "wanton and depraved" style (Watkins, Gesualdo: The Man and His Music, 2d edition [Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991], 169). Separated from the fourth (1596) by fifteen years, it and the sixth book (also published in 1611) invite significant questions regarding the dating of their...

On <em>Original Bavarian Folktales</em> by Franz Xaver von Schöwerth, translated by M. Charlotte Worth; and <em>The Turnip Princess, and Other Newly Discovered Fairy Tales</em>, by Franz Xaver von Schönwerth, translated by Erika Eichenseer

Storytelling, Self, Society, Vol. 15, No. 2 (2019), pp. 270–275. Copyright © 2020 by Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI 48201 B O O K R E V I E W S On Original Bavarian Folktales by Franz Xaver von Schöwerth, translated by M. Charlotte Wolf; and The Turnip Princess, and Other Newly Discovered Fairy Tales, by Franz Xaver von Schönwerth, translated by Erika Eichenseer Csenge Virág Zalka Original Bavarian Folktales: A Schönwerth Selection / Original Bayerische volksmärchen, ausgewählte Schönwerth-geschichten by Franz Xaver von Schönwerth, translated by M. Charlotte Wolf, 2014. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 31 East Second Street, Mineola, NY 11501. Pp. xxxiii + 285. ISBN: 9780486499918. Paperback, $16.95. The Turnip Princess, and Other Newly Discovered Fairy Tales by Franz Xaver von Schönwerth, edited by Erika Eichenseer, translated by Maria Tatar, 2015. New York: Penguin Books, 375 Hudson Street, New York, NY 10014. Pp. xx + 264. ISBN: 9780143107422. Paperback, $17. Zalka n 271 O nMarch5,2012,VictoriaSussens-MessererpublishedanarticleinTheGuardian titled “Five Hundred New Fairytales Discovered in Germany.” It immediately went viral and has stayed in circulation ever since; at the time of this review’s writing it was close to being shared 250,000 times (not counting all the secondary articles and blog posts), which is not a negligible number for folktale-related news in contemporary media. English-speaking readers and storytellers, discovering Schönwerth’sworkforthefirsttime,eagerlyawaitedthetranslationofthismagical collection of tales. The first batch was published in 2014 in a dual-language edition translated by M. Charlotte Wolf; the second, more high-profile, edition came in January 2015, containing the translations and comments of fairy tale expert Maria Tatar. It stands to reason to review these two volumes side by side. There is a difference in the types of tales the editors chose to include. Original Bavarian Folktales contains stories that appeared in the three-volume collection titled Aus der Oberpfalz: Sitten und Sagen (1857–1859), published by Schönwerth himself. Most of these are local legends and folk beliefs, shorter stories that deal with supernatural creatures, witchcraft, life, death, and the Devil. The Turnip Princess, on the other hand, mostly contains fairy tales “newly discovered” among Schönwerth’s unpublished records by Erika Eichenseer. Compiled in the wake of the popular Guardian article and Eichenseer’s German-language collection Prinz Roẞzwifl (Regensburg: Dr. Peter Morsbach Verlag, 2010) published for the one hundredth anniversary of Schönwerth’s birth, this volume chose to highlight “classic” fairy tales and longer, more complex narratives. Reading online reviews and commentaries on both books causes one to observe that people seeking the promised enchantment in the English editions took to The Turnip Princess more easily than to the decidedly darker tone of Wolf’s translation. Part of this might be due to the organizing principles of the two volumes. Original Bavarian Folktales follows the themes around which Schönwerth arranged his own collection—this comes with the unfortunate side effect of motherhood-related beliefs and legends taking first place right after the introduction. While doubtless fascinating, these stories are definitely very far from the morals and sentiments of most modern audiences; for example, the very first tale we encounter is one about a spinster being brutally punished for never wanting children. Infanticide, evil women, and love sorcery dominate for quite a few chapters before one enters the realm of benevolent supernatural creatures. Love, marriage, and motherhood are followed by ghosts and premonitions, and then witches and their familiars, before nature comes into focus (starting 272 n On Original Bavarian Folktales and The Turnip Princess at the fifty-ninth tale). Some readers have found this off-putting, and a few have even given up before they arrived to the truly enchanting, endearing tales in the second half of the book. In comparison, The Turnip Princess, compiled by Eichenseer, opens with the stories that follow the classic fairy tale pattern the closest: “Tales of Magic and Romance.” Interestingly, the eponymous opening tale of the volume is at the same time the least coherent and most confusing, but it is immediately followed by a series of truly wonderful stories that bring all the magic, wonder, and uniqueness one...

Effective Excess Charge Density in Water Saturated Porous Media

A model for the effective excess charge in a capillary as well as in porous media is developed for arbitrary pore scales. The prediction of the model is then compared with another published model that is limited for a thin electric double layer (EDL) assumption. The comparison shows that there is a deviation between two models depending on the ratio of capillary/pore radius and the Debye length. The reasons for the deviation between two models are not only due to the thin EDL assumption to get electrical potential and charge distribution in pores but also to some other approximations for integral evaluations. The results suggest that the model developed in this work can be used with arbitrary capillary/pore scale and thus is not restricted to the thin EDL assumption.
 Keywords: Zeta potential, porous media, electric double layer, effective excess charge.
 References
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Schopenhauer’s Ethics: A Metaphysics in Action

Disputations whether Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) assent to a certain normative system of Ethics in his philosophy has been an interminable topic. Despite his dispiriting claim that philosophy can never ‘guide conduct’ as well as the determinability of character raises the question of how there exists a moral dimension in his works. Indeed, he states explicitly that his views on morality are entirely in the spirit of Christianity, as well as being consistent with the doctrines and ethical precepts of the sacred books of India (The World as Will and Representation, Section 68). Through this, by way of synoptic assessment, many works on Schopenhauer focused on compassion as the basis of his ethics. This paper will then seek to underscore a different vantage point on the grounding of his ethics, i.e., one which is emerging from metaphysics and achieves its embodiment in action. Hence, the principal intent of this paper is to ascertain a possible normative exposition of Schopenhauer’s moral philosophy. This entails an elucidation on whether there is a framework of Ethics embedded in his metaphysics and a critical analysis on the plausibility of this moral philosophy.
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 Cartwright, David E. Schopenhauer: A Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
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 Hübscher, Arthur, The Philosophy of Schopenhauer in Its Intellectual Context: Thinker Against the Tide. Translated by Joachim T. Baer and David E. Cartwright. Lewiston, N.Y : Edwin Mellon Press, 1989.
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 Madigan, Timothy J. Nietzsche & Schopenhauer On Compassion. Retrieved from https://philosophynow.org/issues/29/Nietzsche_and_Schopenhauer_On_Compassion, 2000.
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